1994 (1989-1990)

T.C.TARIM VE KOyl$LERi BAKANLIGI TARIMSAL ARA$TlRMALAR GENEL MUDURLUGU BITKI KORUMA ARA$TlRMALARI DAIRE BA$KANLIGI ZiRAi M'OCADELE ARA§TIRMA YILLIGI PLANT PROTECTION RESEARCH ANNUAL NO: 24 - 25 (1989 - 1990) DUZENLEME KURULUDr. Mete AYDEMtRDr. Bald T.A§TANDr. Kadir MELANDr. Oya OZMENMurat AYDINiIhan KURALTARIMSAL ARAJTIRMALAR GENEL MUDURLOOU Bitki Koruma Arafllnnalan Daire Ba,kanllg. Bagdat Cad. No: 208 P.K. 78 Yenimahalle-ANKARA, 06172 Tel: 31588 80

i Ci N DE K i L E R CONTENTS Sayfa/PageI. BiTKi ZARARLILARIPLANT PESTSA- HUBUBAT ZARARLILARICEREAL PESTS1. GOneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde SOne (Eurygaster IntegricepsPut.)'ye Kar~1 Entegre MOcadele imkanlanmn Ara~tlnlmasl ............................ 2Investigations on the Possibilities of Integrated PestManagement on Sunn-Pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.)in Southeastern Anatolia .................................................................................. 32. Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde Sune (Eurygaster integrlcepsput.).'ye Kar~1 ila9 Denemeleri ............................................................................. 4The Chemical Treatments Against Sunn-Pest (Eurygasterintegrlceps Put.) in Southeastern Anatolia ...........:..................................... 53. Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde Sune (Eurygaster integrlcepsPut.) MOcadelesinde ULV Formulasyonlu ila91ann BiyolojikEtkinliklerinin Saptanl'nasl ..................................................................................... 6Determination of The Biological Efficiency of ULV FormulationInsecticides Against Sunn~Pest (Eurygaster integrlcepsPut.) in Southeastern Anatolia ........................................................................ 74. GOneydogu Anadolu Borgesinde Hububatta Zararh SOne(Eurygaster integricepsPut.) MOcadelesine Esas PopulasyonYogunlugunun Belirlenmesinde Atrap Yonteminin UygulanabilirligiUzerinde Ara~tlrmalar ........................................................................................... 8Researches on Using Sweep to Determine Sunn..Pest(Eurygaster integriceps Put.) incidence .................................................... 95. Hububatta Zarar Yapan SOne (Eurygaster integriceps Put.)MOcadelesinde Kullanilan ila91ann Daha DO~Ok Dozda Kullammlanis;in Geli~tirilen Bazl Aletierin Biyolojik Etkinliklerinin SaptanmaslUzerinde Call~malar ............................................................................................. 10Studies on the Biological Effectiveness of the ChemicalsApllied With Imroved Tools for Low Dose Use Against Sunn-Pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) Harmful in Cereal........................... 116. Ege BOlgesi ikinci UrGn Mlslr Ekim Alanlannda GorOien Zararhlarve Bunlann Dogal DO~manlan Uzerinde Ara~tlrmalar .................................... 12Investigations on Pests of Second Crop Corn and TheirNatural Enemies in Aegean Region ...... ...... ................ ................ ......... ........ 13

Sayfa/Page7. GOneydogu Anadolu BOlgesinde Hububat Alanlannda HububatHortumlu BOcegi (Pachytyehius hordei(Brulle)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)'ne Kar~1 En Uygun MOcadeleZamam ve ila~lanmn Belirlenmesi Uzerinde Ara~tlrmalar ............ ............. ..... 14Investigations on the Determination of the Most ProperControl Time and Insecticides Against Cereal Weevil(Paehytyehius hordei (Brune) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)Harmful in Cereal Fields in Southeast Anatolian Region ........................... 158. Akdeniz BOlgesinde Mlslrda Zarar Yapan Mlslr K~n Kurdu(Sesamia nonagrioides Let.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) veMlslr Kurdu (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae )'nunMGcadelesine Esas Olabilecek Biyolojik Kriterlerin Ara~tlnlmasl .................. 16Investigations on BiOlogical Criteria for Controlling theStem Borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Let.) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) and European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalisHbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Mediterranean Region ......................... 179. Akdeniz BOlgesi ikinci OrGn MISlr Ekim Alanlannda MISlr K~nKurdu ( Sesamia nonagrioides Lef., S. cretica Led.) ve MlslrKurdu (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. )'nun Kimyasal MucadelesiOzerinde Ara~tlrmalar ......................................................................................... 18Investigations on Chemical Control ot Stem Borers ( Sesamianonagrioides Let., S. erotica Led.) and European CornBorer ( Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) on Second Crop Cornin Mediterranean Region ............................................................................... 1910. Guneydogu Anadolu BOlgesinde Celtiklerde ZararlJ Olan Sogote/Iasuezensis Mats. ve Kelisia ribautiWagn. (Homoptera:Delphacidae) TGrlerine Kar~1 ila

Sayfa/Page2. Karadeniz Bolgesinde Patateslerde Patates Guvesi(Gnorimoschema (=Phthorimaea) operculellB Zeller)'ninYaydl~I, Yogunlugu ve Zaran Ozerinde On Cah~malar .................................. 26Preliminary Studies on the Distribution, Density and Damage of Potato Tuber Moth (Gnorimoschema (= Phthorimaea) operculellaZeller.) in Potatoes in the Black Sea Region of Turkey ............................................................................................ 27· 3. Bolu iUnde Patateslerde Zarar Yapan Telkurtlan (Agriotes spp.)'naKar~1 Tohumluk ve Toprak iJaylamasl Ozerinde Cafl~malar .......................... 28Studies on the Seed and Soil Treatments Against Wireworms(Agriotes spp.) Harmful! on Potatoes in Bolu .............................. 294. Dogu Akdeniz Bolgesi'nde Lahana Gobekkurdu (Hellula undalisFab.) (Lep.: Pyralidae)'nun Biyo-Ekolojisi ve MucadelesiOzerinde Ara~tlrmalar ......................................................................................... 30Biological and Ecological Studies on Cabbage Web Worm(Hellula undalis Fab.) in East Mediterranean Region ............................ 315. Orta Anadolu BOlgesi'nde Lahanalarda Bulunan Zararh veFaydafl Faunamn Yogunluklannln ve YaYIII~ AlanlanmnSaptanmasl Ozerinde On Cah~malar .................:............................................. 32. Preliminary Studies on the Determination of the Distributionof the Pests Which Harmful on Cabbages With TheirNatural Enemies in Central Anatolia Region .............................................. 336. Orta Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Mercimeklerde Zarar Yapan MercimekTohum BOcegi (Bruchus lentis Frohl.)'nin Tarla Ko~ullanndaKimyasal Sav~lml Ozeinde Ara~tlfmalar ........................................................ 34Chemical Field Trials Against the Lentil Weevil (Bruchuslentis Frohl.) That Damages Lentil in the CentralAnatolia Region .............................................................................................. 357. Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Mercimeklerde Zararh Apion(Apion arrogans Wench.) (Col.: CurcuUonidae)'un UygunMOcadele Zamanlnln ve Etkili ilaylann Belirlenmesi OzerindeAra~tlrmalar ..........................,............................................................................... 36Investigations on the Chemical Control of Apion a"ogansWench. (Col.: Curculionidae) on Lentils in Shoutheast Anatolie. ............. 378. ihracata Yonelik OrOn Elde Etmek Amaclyla Akdeni;z BolgesiYemeklik Baklagillerinde Bulunan Zararlilarile BunlannMucadelelerinin Geli~tirilmesi Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar .~.. "............................... 38Studies on Pest of Eatable Beans (Chickpea, Lentil, PhaseolusBean) for Exportable Production in Mediterranean Region ...................... 39III

SayfaiPage9. ihracata Yonelik OrOn Elde Etmek AmaclYla Ege Bolgesi YemeklikBaklagillerindeki Zararhlar ile Bunlann MOcadelelerininGeli~tirilmesi Ozerinde Ara~tJrmalar .................................................................. 40Investigations on the Improving of the Control Methods on thePests of the Foods Legumes in Order to Produce Cropfor Exporting in Aegean Region ........................................... .............. ....... .... 4110. ihracata Yonelik OrOn Elde Etmek Amaci ile Ege BOlgesi YemeklikBaklagillerindeki (Nohut, Bakla, Fasulye, Mercimek, BOrOlce,Bezelye) Zararhlar ile Bunlann MOcadelelerinin Geli~tirilmesiOzerinde Ar~tlrmalar in Aegean Region ......................................................... 42Investigations on the Improving of the Control Methods on theP~sts of the Edible Legumes in Order to Produce Cropfor Exporting in Aegean Region ............................................................. , ...... 4311. Oogu Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Fasulye Tarlalannda FaunistikSurvey Qall~malan ............................................................................................... 44Survey Study on Fauna of Bean Fields in the EasternAnatolia Region of Turkey ............................................................................. 4512. Erzincan ilinde Fasulyelerde Zararh Olan Tohum Sinegi(Delia platura Mg.) (Dip.: Anthomyiidae)'ne Kar~1 EtkiliOlabilecek ilaclann Ara~tJrllmasl ........................................................................ 46Chemical Test Against Seed Corn Maggot (Delia platuraMg.) Which is Harmful tor Bean Seedling in Erzincan Province .............. 4713. Oogu Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Korunga ve Yoncalarda Zararh OlanQadir Tlrtl\! (Cymbalophora pudica Esp.) OzerindeOn Qall~malar ....................................................................................................... 48Preliminary Works on Tent Caterpillar ( Cymbalophora pudicaEsp.) Damaged on Saintoin and Alfaalfa in the EastAnatolia Region ............................................................................................... 49C- ENDOSTRi VE sOS BiTKiLERi ZARARLILARIINDUSTRIAL AND ORNAMENTAL PLANT PESTS1.. GOneydogu Anadolu BOlgesi'nde Pamuk Zararhlanna Kar~1 EntegreMOcadele DOzeninin Yerle~tirilmesi Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar ........................... 52Studies on Setting up the Integrated Pest Management (IPM)System Against the Cotton Pests in Southeast Anatolia ........................... 532. Ha~ha~ Kokkurdu (CeuthofThynchus denticulatus Schrk.)(Col.: Curculionidae)'un DeQi~jk Yogunluklanmn Ha~h~KapsOiOndeki Tohum Aglrhgl ile Vag ve Morfin Miktar1annaEtkileri Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar ...................... , ..................... : ................................ 54IV

SayfaiPageInvestigations on the Effects of Different Densities of PoppyRoot Weevil (Ceu(horryhynchus denticulatus Schrnk.)(Col.: Curculionidae) on Seed Weight, Oil and MorphineAmounts in Poppyheads ................................................................................ 553. Ha:;;ha~ Ekim Alanlannda Bulunan Yaprakbitleri (Aphis fabaeScop. ve Acyrthosiphon ilka Mord.)'nin Farkh PopulasyonlardakiYogunluklannrn Ha~ha~ KapsDlundeki Morfin Oranr ve TohumAglrllgl ile Vag Oranma Etkilerinin Ara~tlrllmasl ............................................... 56Investigations on the Effects of Different Population Densitiesof Aphids (Aphis fabae Scop. and Acyrthosiphon ilka Mord.)on Oil, Morphine Amounts and Seeds Weight in Poppyheadson Poppy Growing Areas ............................................................................... 574. Orta Anadolu Bolgesi Aygigegi (Helianthus annuus l.) EkimAlanlannda GorDlen Zararh ve Faydah Bocekler OzerindeFaunistik Qall~malar ............................................................................................ 58Faunistik Studies on Harmful and Beneficial Insects onSunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Central Anatolia ........................... 59D- MEYVE VE BAG ZARARLILARIFRUIT AND VINE PESTS1. izmir ve Manisa illeri Meyve Fidam ve Agaglannda Zarar YapanManas (CC?,leoptera:. Scarabaeidae) Larvalannm KimyasalSava~lml Uzerinde On Qah~malar ..................................................................... 62Investigations on the Chemical Control of Scarabaeid grups(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Which Are Harmful on FruitNurseries and Trees in Izmir and Manisa Provinces ................................. 632. Orta Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Armut Agaglannda Zarar Yapan ArmutPsillidi (Cacopsylla pyri L.) (Homoptera: Psyllidae)'ninKimyasal Mucadelesi Uzerinde Ara:;;tlrmalar ................................................... 64Investigations on the Chemical Control of Pear Psyllids(Cacopsylla pyri L.) (Homoptera: Psyllidae) Harmful on PearTrees in Central Anatolia Region .................................................................. 653. Akdeniz Bolgesi Meyve Agaglannda Zararh Klrmlzl Orumceklerle(Acarina: Tetranychidae) Kar~1 ilag [)enemesi ................................................ 66Experiments on Chemical Control of Red Spider Mites, .Injurious on Fruit Trees in Mediterranean Region ...................................... 674. Karadeniz Bolgesi $eftali Bahgelerindeki Zararhlarla MucadeleninYonetimi Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar ......................................................................... 68Investigations on the Pest Management in Peach Orchardsin the Black Sea Region of Turkey ............................................................... 69v

SayfalPage6. Gaziantep ilinde Antepflstlklannda Zararl! Flstlk Yaprak Psyllasl(Agonoscena targionii Licht )'nin Kimyasal mOaadelesiOzerinde Ara§tll1nalar ........................................................................................... 84Studies on Chemical Control of Pistachio Leaf Psylla,Agonoscena targlonii Licht Injurious on PistachioTrees in Gaziantep Province· ......................................................................... 857. Oogu Karadeniz BOlgesi Flfldlk Bahc;;elerinde Anoplus roborisSufr. (Cot.: Curculionidae) ve Phylus coryii L. (Het.: Miridae)BOceklerinin Biyoekolojileri ve A. roborisfn MOcadele MetodlanOzerinde Ara~tJrrnaJar ......................................................................................... 86Research the Bio-Ecology of Anoplus roboris Surf. (Col.:Curculionidae) and Phylus coryli L. (Het: Miridae) and theControl Methods of A. roboris in the Eastern Black SeaHazelnut.Orchards .......................................................................................... 87F- AMBAR ZARARLILARISTORAGE PESTS1. GOneydogu Anadolu BOlgesi'nde Depolanan Hububatta ZararhOlan Khapra BOcegi (Trogodenna granarlum Everst.)'ninKimyasaJMOcadelesi Ozerinde Cah~maJar ...................................................... 90The Studies on the Chemical ContrOl AgainstKhapra Beetle(Trogoderma granarium Everts.) Harmful to Stored Grain inSoutheastern Anatolia .:............................:..................................................... 912. Ambarlanml~ Taneli Mlslrda Zarar Yapan Arpa GOvesi (Sitotrogasect'tlBle/la OIiv.) ve Pinnc;; Biti (Sitophi/us oryzae L.)'ne Kar~1hac;; Denemesi ....................................................................................................... 92Chemical Test Against Angoumois Grain Woth (Sitotroga. cerealel/a Oliv.) and Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.)Causing Damage to Stored Shelled Maize .............,................................... 93G- GENEL ZARARLILARGENERAL PESTS1. Orta Anadolu Bolgesi'nde KOltOr Bitkilerinde Zarar yapanKaragekirge (Me/anogryilus desertus Pall.)'nin Nimf veErginlerine Kar~lila9 Denemeleri ..............................,........~............................... 96Investigations on the Effectiveness of Some InsectiCidesAgainst the Nymphs and Adults of Black Crickets(Melanogryllus desertus Pall.) Harmful on Cultural Cropsin Central Anatolia Region ............................................................................. 97VII

Sayfa/Page2. Orta Anadolu BOIgesi'nde BaZI Zararh Cekirge Nimflerine Kar~1BHC'li ilaC,(lara Alternatif insektisitlerin Saptanmasl ......................................... 98 Investigations on the Determination of Some Insecticides Instead of Gamma BHC for the locust Nymph Control in Central Anatolia ............. 99 H- BiTKi PARAZin NEMATODlARPLANT PARASmC NEMATODES1. ihracata Yonelik Orun Bde Etmek Amaci ile Akdeniz BOlgesi Yemeklik Baldagillerinde (Nohut, Mercimek, Fasulye) Zararh Clan Nematodlar Ozerinde Ara~tmnalar ......................................................... 102 Studies on Nematodes of Edible Beans (ChiCkpea, lentil, Phaseolus Bean) for Exportable Production in East Mediterranean Region ........... 103 2. Ege BOlgesi'nde Nergislerde (Narcissus poetaz Cheerfulnes) Zarar Yapan Sogan-Sak Nematodu (Oitylenchus dipsaci KOhnynun MOcadelesi Ozerinde On Cah~malar ............................................ 104 Control of the Stem Nematode (Oithylenchus dipsaci KOhn.) Parasitic on Narcissus poetaz Cheerfulnes in the Aegean Region .....:....................................................................................... 105 3. GOneydogu Anadolu BOIgesi'ndeYeti~tirilen ve Yeti~tirilmesi OO~nOlen Ba~hca Domates ~itlerinin Kok-ur Nematodlan (Me/oidogyne spp.)'na KaI1I ReaksiyonlanOln Belirlenmesi Ozerinde Call~a1ar ........................................................................................... 106 Determining the Reaction of Some Tomato Cultivars to Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in the Southeastern Anatolia .................................................................................. 107 4. GOneydogu Anadolu B51gesi'nde TOtOnlerde Zarar11 Bitki Parazit Nematodlarln Belirlenmesi ve ila£;h MOcadelesi Ozerinde CaI~malar ........ 108 . Determination of the Nematodes Parasitic on Tobacco Plants and Their Control in the Southeastern Anatolia ....................................... 109 5. Sarlmsaklarda Zararh Sagan sak Nematodu (Ditylenchus dipsaciKOhn.)'nun ZaranOln Onlenmesi.Ozerinde On Cah~malar ........................... 110 Preliminary Studies on the Prevention of the Damage of Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci KUhn.) Causing Damage to GarliCS .....; .................................................................................................. 111 6. Ege Bolgesi'nde Yemlik Baklagillerde Bulunan Bitki ParazitNematodlann Belirlenmesi Ozerinde CaI~malar ........................................... 112 Determination of the Plant Parasitic Nematodes on the Fodder Plants in the Aegean Region ......................................................... 113 VIII

11- BiTKi HASTALlKLARIPLANT DISEASESA- HUBUBAT HASTALlKLARICEREAL DISEASESSayfa/Page1. Tescile Esas Bugday iie Arpa Qe~it ve Hatlanmn Bazl HastahkEtmenlerine Kar~1 Reaksiyonlanmn Tespiti Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar ............ 1 Hi Investigalions on the Determination of the Reactions of Wheat and Barley Varieties and Lines That are Subject to RegiSlration Against Some Disease Agents ................................................................... 117 2. Orta Anadolu'da Bugdayda GorOlen Hastahk Belirtilerinin VirusYonOnden incelenmesi ..............,....................................................................... 118 Investigation on Virus Diseases of Wheat in Central Anatolia ................ 119 B- SEBZE VE YEM BiTKiLERi HASTALlKLARIVEGETABLE AND I=ODDER CROP DISEASES1. Ege Bolgesi Patates Ekim Alanlannda GorDlen VaskulerSolgunluk Hastallklan Ozerinde Ara~tlrmalar ................................................. 122 Vasculer Wilt Diseases on Potato Growing Areas in Aegean Region ............................................................................................. 123 2. Patates Yumrulanmn ~kteriyel Halka QOruklOk (Clavibacter michiganensis Subsp. sepedonicus) Hastaltgl YonOnden incelenmesi .......................................................................................................... 124 Detection of Ring Rot Disease (Clavibacter michiganensis Subsp. sepedonicus) of Potato Tubers ..................................;................ 125 3. ithal Edilmi~ Tohumluk Patateslerde Onemli Virus Hastahklanmn Das-Elisa ve Diger Yontemlerle Ara~tlnlmaSI ! .............t ................................. 126 Studies on Some Major Virus Diseases in Imported Potato Seed Tubers by Das-Elisa and Other Methods ........................................ 127 4. Ankara'da Domateslerde GorOlen Stolbur Hastaltgl OzerindeAra~tlrmalar ........................................................................................................ 128 Investigations on Tomato Stolbur (MLO) in Ankara ................................. 129 5. Orta Anadolu Bolgesi'nde Domates Ekim Alanlannda BakteriyelHastaltklar Ozerinde On Qalt~malar ................................................................ 130 Preliminary Studies on Bacterial Diseases in Tomato Growing Areas of Central Anatolia ............................................................................. 131 6. Erzincan ilinde Karpuzlarda Meyve QOrOklOgOne Sebep OlanFungal Etmenler Ozerinde On Qall~malar ...................................................... 132 Preliminary Studies on Fruit Rot of Water Melon Caused by Fungi in Erzincan Province .................................................................... 133 IX

Sayfa/Page7. Akdeniz Bolgesi'nde Kabakgillerde Mildiyo (Pseudoperonospora cubensis Berk. and Curt.) Hastaltglnln Kimyasal MOcadel~si Ozerinde Cah~malar .......................................................................................... 134 Studies on Chemical Control Against to Downy Mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis Berk. and Curt.) on Cucurbits in Mediterranean. Region ............................................................ 135 8. Erzincan iii Fasulye Ekili~ Alanlannda Kok COrGklOgOne SebepOlan Fungal EtmenJer Ozerinde On Cah~malar ............................................ 136 Preliminary Studies on Root Rot of Bean Caused by Fungi on Bean Cultivated Areas in Erzincan Province ....................................... 137 9. A~deniz BOlgesi Yemeklik Baklagillerinde GorGlen FungalHastahklar ......................................................... .................................................. 138 Fungal Diseases Determined on Food Legumes in Mediterranean Region .................................................................................. 139 •10. Ege Bolgesi Yemeklik Baklagillerde GorOlen Bakteriyel Hastahklar ve Fasulye Hale Yamkhgl va Yaygln Yamkhk Hastahklanmn MOcadelesi Dzerinde Ara~tlrmalar .................................................................. 140 Investigation on Bacterial Diseases DeterMined on Food Legumes and Control Measures of the Halo and Common Blight of Beans ................................................................................................ 141 11. Ege Bolgesi'nde Yemlik Baklagillerde GorOlen FungalHastahklar Ozerinde On Cah~malar ............................................ ~ ................... 142 Fungal Diseases of Fodders' in Aegean Region ....................................... 143 12. I;ge Bolgesi'nde Yemlik Baklagillerde GorOlen Virus HastallklanUzerinde On Cah~malar .................................................................................... 144 Studies on Virus Diseases of Fodder Legumes in Aegean Region ............................................................................................................ 145 C- ENDOSTRi VE sOS BiTKiLERi HASTALlKLARIINDUSTRIAL AND ORNAMENTAL PLANT DISEASES1. ~msun Yoresi TOtOnlerinde zarar Yapan Virus HastahklanUzerinde On Cah~malar .................................................................................... 148 Preliminary Studies on Virus Diseases of Tobacco in . Samsun Area ..................,.............................................................................. 149 2..Afyon ilinde Ha~tia~taSaptanan Onemli Hastahklar ve BunlannKapsOldeki Tohum Miktan ile Morfin ve Vag Oranlna EtkilerininAra~tlnlmasl ................;....................................................................................... 150 . The Investigation on the Important Diseases Established onOpium in Afyon Province and Their Effectiveness on theMorphine, Oil Contents and the Amount of seeds in Capsules .............. 151 x

D- MEYVE VE BAG HASTAlIKLARIFRUIT AND VINE DISEASES1. GOneyctogu Anadolu BOigeSi'noo Sma Agat;Jannda Zarar Yapan EJma Karalekesi ( VenturllllllBBquall6 (Cke.) Wtnt.) MUcadete:mde Tahmin ve Uyan Sisteminin ~tirilmesi ve \JfgulaoJ'l'\la$f Ozerinde Ar~rmalar .................................................................................................... 154 Application and Deveiopment of Ihe Forecast and Warri«.J System in !he ContrOl of Appe Scab ( Venturia I~ (Cke.) Wint) in Southeastern Anatolian RegiOn ................................................ 155 2. Karadeniz BOlgesi'nde EJma KaraJekesi ( VfIIIIuda 1naB~1II1Ii6(Cke.) Winl) Hastallglna Kar!}J ilac; Denemeleri ................................................."....... 156 Chemical Test Against Apple Scab (Venturia /naequIIar (Cke.) Winl) in the Black Sea RegiOn of Turkey ......""........................."".."............ 1157 3. Antalya ilinde Yum~ Cekjrdeldi Meyve Atja;lamda GOrUfen At~ Y~l1Ikhgl HastaJIQI (Erwinia amykwCll'll (Burril) WrnsIow et al.) Uzerinde On CaI~ ................................................................................ 158 Preliminary Studies 00 the F.-e Blight llsease (EnIfiniaamylOvDta (Burril) Winslow et all on Porne Fruit Trees inAntalya Province ........""........................................................................................ 1:594. Golden DeliciOus EJmalannda 8azJ Pestisiderin Pasfanmaya()tan E1kileri ..............................................""...................................................................... 160 The Influence Some Pesticides 00 RusseWng of Gok:Ien Delicious Apples ............................................................................................... 161 5. Samsun iii $eftaJi (Prunus pen;ica L )'Ietinde GOrUIenKurumalarn Nedenleri Ozerinde CaI~ ................................................... 1:62 Studies 00 the Cause of Drying Occurring on Peach Trees (PtwIus persk:a L) in Samsun Province of TlRey .........__............... 163 6. Karadeniz BOIgesi'nde Kiraz (PtwIus afIium L) w V~ (PtwIus cer.tSUS L)'1erde Yaprak Kuruma w ()okumelenlle Neden Olan Etrnenin Tespiti .................................................................................. 164 Studies 00 the OeteminationS of Agent CausWlg Drying and Defoliation on Cherry Trees (PtwIus .".."L) and Moreffo Cherry Trees (PtwIus t:etaSUS L) in 1he Baack Sea. Region of Turkey ...................................................................... _ ....._._....._ ..... 165 7. Karadeniz BOIgesi'nde Kiraz ve V~ Kiraz Yaprak Lekesi (BlumedeIIII jaapii(Rehm.) V. Arx) Hastai.gl Ozeride Ara~tJrrnalar .................................................................................___...__........._166 Research on the Cherry Leaf Spot (-.....,;e..jtIIIpiI(Aehm.)V. Arx) on Cherry and MJreIIo Cherry Trees in 1he • Black Sea Region ........................................................................................ ... 161 XI

Sayfa/Page8. Bag KOllemesine (Unclnulll nfIClltor "Schwein." Burr.) KanJIUygun MOcadele Metodunun Tespiti Ozerlnde Ara~tlrmalar '.................."'.. 168Recherche de Methode Convenable de Lune Contre L'Oidiumde 10 Vigne (Unclnulll necstor"Schwein." Burr.) .................................. 169E- SUBTROPiKAL BiTKi HASTAlIKLARISUBTROPICAL PLANT DISEASES1. Turun

Sayfa/Pa.4, Orta Anadolu'da Yeni Tests Yonca.hklardaki YabanclOtlarla EkimOncesi Klmyasal KontrOC 03naklanmn Ara~tmlmas, "".....""....................... 184 The Pre-Sowing ChemiCal Control of Weeds Among Alfalfa inthe Central Anatolia ........ " .................................................... " ...................... 185 5. lhraca.l8. Y6nelik OrUn Elde Etmek Arnaclyla Akdeniz 80IgeSi Yemek1ik Saklagillerde (Nohut, Fasulye) Zararll Clan Yabanc.lOtIar Ozerlode Ara~tlrmala.r ....".......................................................... 186 Invesga.tions of Weeds on Food Legume (Chickpea and Bean) T'I'lat for Export, In Mediterranean Region of Turkey ................................ 187 6. Akdeniz 901geSi'ndeikinCi Oron (Soya, MIStr, Yerhsbgl, Susam)Aila:nlarmda GOrulen YabanclOtlar Ozennde Ara~ttrmalar .........,.................. 188 tnvesga.tions on Weeds of the Second Crop (Soybean. Com, Peanut and Sesame) Fields In Mediteraneanof Turkey ......................... 189 7. Adana i~ Kaoo\a (Brassica napu$ var. oIeiferaOC.) TarlalanndakiYabanototlar ve MCtcadeiesi Ozerinde On Call$fTlalar .................................. 190 Prelimi:naty Studies on Weeds and Their Control Possibilities . of Garee! Oil Plant (Brassit:a napus var. DleifenI OC.) .. Fields in Adana ........................................................................,...............:.... 191 8. Ankara iH Cim Alanlarlndaki YabanClOt Turleri, Yogunluklan veKlmyasal MUcadeIeSl ...............................................·......·......."........".,......."....... 192 Weeds Species, Their Abundances and Chemical COntrol in Lawns in Ankara Province' ......." ..""....................:..... "................................ 193 9. Bazl Bitkisel Yaglann, Herbisitlerin Biyolojik AktivitesineEtkiriliginin ~llnlmaSl ... " .................................... , ........: .................................. 194 Researchs on the Effects of Some P\ant Derived Oils on the BdogtcaI Activity ot the HerbtCides ........."..............."......................... 195 r't/- ZiRAi MUCADELE iLACLARIPES11CIDES1. TOrkiye Fioraslflda Yeti~en ve insektisit Ozelligi OIan BitkilerOzerinde Call~"alar .......................,............. '....... .. ....... ......... ... ... ...................... 198 Studies on Some Plants Grown in Turkey's Rora and Having Insecticidal Properties .................... ".................... "...................................... 199 2, MSlrdaMtStr Kocan kurdu (Sesamia nonagrioides Let. S. cretica Led. rna K.ar$I KuUamlan "Furadan 5 G" (Carbofuran),ln Ba~dye DI.Jrum.J Ozerinde ~tJrmaJar .............. ; ............................................ 200 tnves1igationS on Residues of "Furadan 5 G" Used Against S1em Borer (Sesamia nonagrioides Let., S. cretica Led.) in Corn ......................................... : ........................................................ 201 XUI

Sayfa/Page3. Flndlkta Ftndlk Kurdu (Balaninus nucum L.rna KarlSl Kullanilan Marshall % 3 Dust'ln (Carbosulfan) Bakiye Durumu Uzerinde Ar~tlrmalar ........................................................................................................ 202 Investigations on Residues of "Marshall % 3 Dust" (Carbosulfan) Used Against Hazelnut Weevil (Salaninus nucum L.) in Hazelnut ......................................................................................................... .203 V- DiGERLERiTHE OTHERS1. Bal AnSI (Apis mellifera L. ),nda Zarar Yapan An Akan(Vanva jacobsoniQud.}'na KarlSl ila~ Denemeleri .................................... 206 The Chemical Tests Against Varroa Mite ( Vsnoa. jacopsoniQud.) on Honeybee (Apis mel/ifera L.) ............................... 207 2. Ucak ila~lamalarlndaKullanilan Cypermethrin ilaclmn Pilot, Makinistve Flam~cllar Uzerindeki Olumsuz Etkilerinin Ara~tlrllmasl ......................... 208 Investigations on the Side Effects of Cypermethrin Which Has Used at the Aerial Spraying on Pilot. Mechanic and Pennant Carriers ......................... ................... ......................... ............. ......... 209 3. Ege Bolgesi'nde incirlerde GorOlen Aflatoksin ve OchrotoksinOIu~umu ile OnlenmeSi UZerinde AralStlrmalar .............................................. 210 Investigation of Aflatoxin and Ochrotoxin Production and Their Control in Figs in Aegean Region ............................................. 211 XIV

I. BiTKi ZARARLILARIPLANT PESTS A. HUBU13AT ZARARLILARI CEREAL PESTS

GONEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGEslNDE SONE(EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.)'YE KAR,I ENTEGREMOCADELE iMKANLARININ ARA,TIRILMASIZlya fiIM'?EK·Nllgiin YAfiARAKINCI •Bu cah9ma 1982-1986Yilian arasmdaGOneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde SOne yumurtaparazitoid'ierinin ilkb.aharda kl91aktan C1kl9 ve dogadaki davranl9lannl; SOnepopulasyonu Ozerlndekietkinligini; parazitoid'ier ile SOne nimf geli9me donemleriarasmdaki ili9kiyi; parazitoid'ier ic;in uygun ekolojik ko9ullann belirlenmesi amaclylayOrOtOlmO§tOr.Elde edilen bulgulara gore Diyarbaklr iii Ergani ilc;esinde sadece TrisSo/cuS semistriatusNees.'un,Hazro ilc;esinde ise bu tOr ile T. vassilieviMayr. 'nin birlikte bulundugubelirlenmililtir. Parazitoidlerin, dut agac;lan b~taolmak Ozere badem, elma,erik, kaYlsl, a9vagibi agac;lann kabukaltlarlndakllill gec;irdikleri; ilkbahardahavaslcakIrgmln ortalama 13 °C'nin Ozerine C;lkmaslyla birlikte kllillaklanndan

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE POSSIBILITIES OFINTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT ON SUNN-PEST(EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.) INSOUTHEASTERN ANATOUAZlya ,iMfEK*The study was carried out in order to determine the migration of the parasitoidfrom overwintering sites to field and their efficiency on the Sunn-pest population, therelationship between sunn-pest and parazitoids, the ecology of the parazites within1982-1986 in Southeastern Anatolia.In Diyarbaklr province Trissolcus semistrialus Nees was found in Ergani, inaddition'to this species T.vassilieviMayr was found in Hazro. The parasites overwintered under the bark of the mulberry, apple almond, plum, apricot and ouince trees.They left their overwintering sites at 13°C temperature. Parasites left their everwinteringsites 6-22 days before Sunn-pest.The fields were located at a distance of 500, 1500,3000,6000 m from the woods,and the population density of the over wintered adult of Sunn-pest was 0.5-1 ; 1-2;1-2; 3 adult/~ and the rate of the parasitism was 75.0; 52.0; 38.0; 19.6 %, respectively.The parasite activity was found to be effective within 3000 m distance from thewooded area The optimum spraying time was the period when the rate of the 2.nimph instar was 40 % among the nimph population. It was found that the sticky-yellovtrap can be available in following the adult parasite population.The parasitoids moved into the other cultured plant when the cereals become ripeand gave generations on the other hosts such as AeJia acuminataL., DoIycorisbaccaNmL., CarpocorisiranusTam., GraphosomastaJiHorv., PiszodorusIituratusF., Psacasta exantlHHnatica(Scop.). Eurydama omatumL., CodophiJapusiaKol., Odontotarsuspurpureolinealus(R), O.p/iCatusHorv. (Heteroptera-Pentatomidae).They sheltered under the bark of the trees when the temperaturesfalls under 10°C.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - 21100 DiYARBAKIR3

GONEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE SUNE(EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.)'YE KAR$IILAC DENEMELERiZlya ,IM$EK'" Nilgun YA,ARAKINCI ...GOneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde hububabn ana zararillanndan birisi olan SOne(Eurygaster integricsps Put.)'ye kar91 kullamlabilecek alternatif ilaclar ilebunlannetkili end09uk dozlanm belirleyebilmek amaclyla bu

THE CHEMICAL TREATMENT AGAINST SUNN-PEST (EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.) IN SOUTHEASTERN ANAtOLIA Zlya $IM$EK'"NUgOn YA$ARAKINCI '"The studies were carried out in order to determine the alternative insecticidesand their least effective dosages against one of the main pest of cereals, Sunn-pest(Eurygaster integriceps Put.) between 1982-1989 in Southeastern Anatolia. Thechemicals were tested by aerial and ground Spraying with atomiser against 1. - 3 and4. - 5. nimph instars.Komithion 50 EC (150 milda), Lebaycid 50 EC (125 milda), Deds 2.5 EC (50 milda), Imperator25 EC (20 ml/da) were tested and gave efficiency of 98.1 %; 98.8 %;100.0 %; 98.8 %; against 1.-3. nimph instars and 100.0 %; 94.9 %; 98.9-100.0 %;98.5-99.6 % against 4. -5. niph instars, respectively. Decis2.5ECatthe rate of 30 milda was effective at 1 00.0% Komithion % 3 Dust was tested at 3; 2.5; 2 kgldadosagesand effective at 100.0; 99.1 ; 96.1 %, respectively.In conclusion, the chemicals Fenitrothion 50 EC 100 milda, Fenthion 50 EC 125ml/da Cypermethrin 25 EC 20 mllda, Deltamethrin 30 ml/da, Fenitrothion % 3 Dust2.5 kgldta can be recommended against 1. - 3. nimph instars and Fenitrothion 50 EC125 ml/da, Fenthion 50 EC 150 ml/da, Cypermethrin 25 EC 30 mlldacan be recommendedagainst 4. - 5. nimph instars.• Zirai MOcadele ArCi!?tlrma EnstitOsO - 21100 OiYARBAKIR5

GONEYDOGU ANADOLU BCLGESINDE SONE (EURYGASTER-INTECiRICEPS PUT.l' MUCADELESiNDE ULV FORMULASYONLU ILACLARIN BiYOLOJiK ETKiNLiKLERiNiN SAPTANMASI Zlya $iM$EK* Nilgiln YA$ARAKINCI ..GOneydogu Anadolu Bolgesinde 1986 - 1989 Yilian araslnda yOrOtOlen bu caiJl,?ma ile hububatln onemli zararillanndan birisi olan SOne (Eurygaster integrk:epsPut.),nin nimflerine karl,?1 ULV (Ultra·Low Volume) ilac;lama tekniginin kullanllma imkanlanaral,?tJrllmll,?tlr.Denemenin ana materyalini SOne ile bulal,?lk hububat tarlalan, denemelerde yeralan ilac;lar ile Micronair AU' 3000, I;\U 5000 donerkafesli atomOzorlerin baglandlgluc;aklar olul,?turmul,?tur.SOne 1. - 3. ve 4. - 5. donem nimflerine karl,?11986 Ylhnda denemeye alman Decis05 ULV(150 ml/da),lmperator2.5 ULV (180 ml/da), Sumithion L40(165 mllda) , Lebaycid375 ULV (165 milda) ilac;lannm SOne 1 . - 3. nimf donemlerinde slraslyla ortalama% 100.0,100.0,99.7,99.5;4. - 5. nimf donemlerinde ise % 100.0, 100.0,99.7,99.5 oranlnda etkili bulunmul,?lardlr. SOne 1. - 3. nimf donemlerine karl,?I 1987 YlhndaaYni dozlarda kullanllan Decis 05 ULV, Imperator 2.5 ULV, Sumithion L 40, Lebaycid375ULVilac;lannlnslraslylaortalama % 100.0, 98.5, 100.0,1 pO.Ooranlndaetkilioldugusaptanmll,?tlr.Uc;aklayapflan uygulama denemelerinde de sozkonusu ilac;lar SOne 1. - 3. ve 4, 5. nimf donemlerinde '% 100 oranlnda etkili bulunmul,?tur.Elde edilen bulgulara gore ULV ilac;lama tekniginin OIkemizde SOne mOcadelesindekullanllabilecegi belirlenerek Deltamethrin 05 ULV (150 ml/da); Fenitrothion L40 ULV (165 ml/da); Cypermethrin 2.5 ULV (180 ml/da); Fenthion 375 ULV (165 milda, ilaclarfnm SOne 1. - 5. donem nimflerine karl,?1 uygulamada kullanllabilecegi saptanmll,?tlr.• Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitlisG - 21100 DiYARBAKIR6

DETERMINATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF ULV FORMULATION INSECTICIDES AGAINST SUNN-PEST (EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.lIN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA Ziya ~iM$?EK" Nilgun YA~ARAKINCI ..The possibilities of using ULV (UltfaLowVolume) spraying technic against one ofthe important cereal pest, Sunn-pest( EurygasterintegricepsPut.), wasinvestigatedbetween 1986 - 1989 in Southeastern Anatolia.The infested field with Sunn-pest, the chemicals and Micronair AU 3000, AU5000 rotary atomiser adjusted to the aircraft were the main materials in the trials.The chemicals tested in 1986 were Decis05 ULV (150 mllda), Imperator 2.5 ULV(180ml/da), Sumithion L40(165 mllda) , Lebaycid 375 ULV(165ml/da)and gave efficiencyof ca 100.0; 100.0; 99.7; 99.5 % against 1. - 3. nimph instars and 100.0;100.0; 99.7; 99.5 % against 4. - 5. riimph instars, respectively. The chemicals weretested again at the same dosages in 1987. The effective rate of these chemicals wereDecis05ULV100.0%; Imperator2.5ULV98.5%; Sumithion L40100.0%; Lebaycid375 ULV 100.0 % against 1. - 3. nimph instars.The application tests with the aircraft gave 1 00.0% efficiency against 1. - 3. and 4.- 5. nimph instars.As a results, it was found that ULV technic can be applied in Sunn-pest controland peltamethrin 05 ULV 150 ml/da; Fenitrothion L. 40 ULV 165 ml/da, Cypermethrin2,5 ULV 180 ml/da; Fenthion 375 ULV 165 ml/da dosages can be recommendedagainst the 1. - 5. nimph instars ... Zirai MUcadele Ara!itlrma EnstitUsU 21100 DiYARBAKIR7

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE HUBUBATTA ZARARU SUNE (EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.) MUCADELEsiNE ESAS POPULASVON VoGUNLUGUNUN BEURLENMEsiNDE ATRAP VONTEMiNiN UYGULANABiLiRLICii UZERiNDE ARA~RMALAR EyOp lORAN·Hububatta zararll SOne (EurygastIH integrlt:SpS Put)'nin ekili~ atanlanndam2~ye yoguntuk ile atrap yogunlugu araslndaki ili9kiyi belirtemek i~in 1988-1989 Ni~san-Mayls-Haziran aylarlnda $anllurfa ve Diyarbaklr iIIerinde

RESEARCHES ON USING SWEEP TO DETERMINE SUNNPEST (EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT) INCIDENCE EyOp KlRAN*Spraying against Sunnpest has been applicated in wide areas in cereal in SoutheastAnatolia. Sunnpest incidence in square-meter with using frame has been assesedto determine to be sprayed area. This method is harder. These studies carried outin $anhurfa and DiYaLbaklr on april. may and june 1988-1989 to determine if there isany correlation. With sweep net and frame methods.In 1988 a statistical correlation found between these two methods apperetly but,in 1,989 this correlation was slightly. As a result frame method is harder and need moretime, but it is more reliable; on the contrary sweep method is easier I more practical,faster but this method is not exactly reliable.* Zirai MOcadele Ara!}tlrma EstitUsG- 21100 DiyARBAKIR9

HUBUBAITA ZARAR YAPAN SUNE (EURYGASTERINTEGRICEPS PUT.) MUCADELESiNDE KULLANILANiLAC;LARIN DAHA DO,OK DOZDA KULLANIMLARIiC;iN G~Li~TiRiL!5~ BAZI ALETLERi~ BiY9LOJiKETKINLlKLERtNIN SAPTANMASI UZERINDEC;ALI~LARNevzat $iM$EK* Mustafa GOLLO *1990 Yllinda Gaziantep ($ahi nbey-Yazlbagl) 'te traktor kuyruk mili nden hareketliaslil tip Micromax 84 ve Slrt atomizorOne monte edilen Micronex doner diskli atomizorlerin4. - 5. donem sOne nimfleri Ozerindeki etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi amaclyladenemeler yapllml$tlr.. Traktorle Micromax 84 denemesi yan yana bOyOk parsellerde 4 karakter (3 ila

STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CHEMICALS APPLIED WITH IMPROVED TOOLS FOR LOW DOSE USE AGAINST SUNN PEST (EURYGASTER INTEGRICEPS PUT.) HARMFUL IN CEREAL Nevzat ,iM,EK*Mustafa GOLLU*Trials were conducted to find out the effectiveness of the hanging type Micromax84 rolling disc atomizer actioned the rough drive shaft and Micronex rolling disc atomizermounted on the common atom izer on the fourth and fifth nymph stages of Sunnpest, in Gaziantep ($ahinbey-Yazlbagl), in 1990.The trials were set up with four characters (3 characters + 1 control) but withoutreplicats for Micromax 84 drived with tractor, and randomized block designwith fivecharacters (4 characters + 1 control) and three replicates for Micronex EC and ULVformulations of Cypermethrin active ingridient were used against Sunn pest as control.According to the results taken from above mentioned trials, EC and UlVformulationswere found to be effective for the fourth and fifth nymph stages of the Sunn pestwhile 1/3 low doses were not effective.• Zirai MOcadele Araljitlrma EnstitOsO - ADANA11

EGE BOLGESi iKiNci URUN MISIR EKiM ALANLARINDA GOROlEN ZARARLILAR VE BUNlARlN DOGAl DU$MANLARI OzERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Hasan KAvur Necdet ADIGOZEL * Asiye DERiN*Cah9ma izmir, Manisa ve Aydin illeri ikinci urun mlSlr ekim alanlannda bulunanzarariliann tOrlerini, bul~ma oranlanm ve Y09unluklanm saptamak amaci ile 1983 ve1984 Yillannda yOrOtulmG9tUr. Cah9malar 3 fenolojik devrede yapllml9tlr.Call9malar sonucunda ikinci Grun mlslrda zararll olan c;:e9itli familyalara ait 13 tOrsaptanml9tlr.Bu tOrler ic;:inde Mlslr kurdu Ostirina nubilalisHbn. (Lepidoptera: pyralidae) enzararll tOr olarak saptanml9tlr.. O. nubilaJi~in konukc;:ulan olarak mlslnn yamslra sorgum, bugday, arpa, kanya9,su kaml91, kaml9, domates, biber ve sus bitkilerinden glayol saptanml9tlr.1987, 1989 ve 1990 Yillannda zararllnln ilac;:h sava91ml ile ilgili yapllan c;:ah9malarsonucunda denemeye ahnan butOn preparatlann 2 kez uygulamaslndan olumlu sonUC;:larallnamaml9tlr. Hostathion'un ve Curacron'un 3 kez uygulamaslndan olumlusonuc;: alinmI9t1r. Dursban, Larvin ve Polytrin preparatlanndan istenilen etkiler eldeedilememi9tir. Elde edilen bulgulann 19191 altlnda Hostathion 40 EC'nin dekara200 mlve CUracron SOO EC'nin dekara250 ml dozlannda 1.0 gun araile 3 uygulamageklinde. bu zarqrhya kar9i tatbikata verilebilecegi kamslna vanlmI9t1r.* Bornova Zirai Mlicadele Ara~tlrma EnstitlisO - iZMiR12

INVESTIGATIONS ON PESTS OF SECOND CROP CORN AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN AEGEAN REGION Hasan KAVlIT" Necdet ADIGOzEL" Aslye DERiN"This study has been carried out in order to find outthe hosts, infestation rates anddensities of second crop corn during the years of 1983-1984 in izmir, Manisa, Aydinprovinces in three phenological stages.Thirteen species belonging to different families have been found. Of these speciesEuropean Corn Borer, Osfl'inia nubilalisHbn. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae} has beenfound to be the most harmful one.The hosts of this pest have been sorghum, wheat, barley, Johnson grass, Reedmace, reed,tomato, pepper and gladiole along with corn.Chemicals which have been appl ied twice have not satisfactorily controlled thispest as a result of the studies have done in 1987, 1989, and 1990. However, Hostathionand Curacron have been effectivewhen they have been applied three times. Dursban,Larvin, and Polytrin have not been effective in both applications.As a result, it is recommended that Hostathion 40 EC can be used at 200 ml/daand Curacron 500 EC at 250 milda three times at 10 days interval.* Zirai Mucadele Aral1tlrma EnstitOsil Bornova 35040 - iZMiR13

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESINDE HUBUBATALANLARINDA HUBUBAT HORTUMLUBOCEGI(PACHYTYCHIUS HORDEI (BRULLE) (COLEOPTERA:CURCULIONIDAE)'NE KAR$I EN UYGUN MUCADELEZAMANI VE ILACLARININ BELIRLENMESI OZERiNDEARA$TIRMALARZly. ,IMfEK*Hububat hortumlubocegi (PlIChytychlu$ honNI(Bru lie) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)'ninen uygun mucadele zamantnt belirlemede esas olmak uzere 198!? -1986Y1l1annda yapllan ~I~malara gore zararllnrn arpa bitkisinin karde~lenme donemi ortasmdabulundugu devrede, hava slcakhgmm 12 -16°C, orantlll nemin % 57-80 olduguslrada-Mardin (Klzlltepe)'de arpa tarlasmda ilk kez C1ktlgl belirlenmi~tlr. Buna kar~mzararhnln bugdaYIn karde~lenme donemi ile sapa kalkmadoneminde bulundugu devredeve havaslcakllglntn 14 -16°C, orantlll nemin %57-62 oldugu slrada bugdaytarlaslndailk,kez clktIQl anla~llml~tlr.Arpa bitkisinde ba~agln bayrak yaprag I icerisinde kabarmaya .b

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DETERMINATION OF THEMOST PROPER CONTROL TIME AND INSECTICIDESAGAINST CEREAL WEEVIL (PACHYTYCHIUS HORDEI(BRULLE) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)HARMFUL IN CEREAL FIELDS IN SOUTHEASTANATOLIAN REGIONZlya $I~EK·Studies were carried out to determine the mpst suitable application time againstCereal weevil (Pachytychius hotdI!Ii (Brulle) Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during1985 - 1986. The insects were first appeared dunng the period between tillering andthe mid of stem extension of barley when the te~perature was 12-1 SOC, the averagerelative humidity was 57-80 % in Mardin provinc, (Klzlltepe site). In wheat fields thepest was first appeared. when the crop was at thelperiod of growing between the beginn ings of tillering and stem extension when the average temperature was 14 ~ 16°Cand the average relative humidity 57 - 62 %.Maximum overwintered insect emergence was determined during booting andadult insects disappeared by the mid or end of flowering. This concludes that theadults were active in barley fields only for 18 - 27 days. On the other hand, in wheat fieldsthe adult population was maximum in the between the beginning and mid of stemextension and the adults were disappeared by the mid or the erid of flowering whichconcludesthat the adults were active in wheat fields for a period of 23 - 35 days.By the end of heading of barley, the first dissemination was began to seen and it .continued until the mid of flowering or milky ripe which totally covered a short periodof 11 -15 days. The dissemination and egg layment occurence at the same period of11-15 days in barley fields forms a very important criteria in insecticides applicationprogram.As a result it can be said that the surveys should be initiated by the stem extensionperiod and the insecticides applications should be completed by booting. This seemsthe best period for the control program of Cereal weevil. In other words, to besuccesful in control program, survey studies in 6-7 days; insecticide applications in4-5 days, totaly control programs should be in 10-12 days.In chemical trials for the control of Cereal weevil. it was determined that Komithion3 % dust (Fenitrothion, 3) (3 kg/da) and Koruma Methyl Kotnion 2.5 % dust(Azinphos Methyl, 2.5) (2.5 kg/da) can be used against Cereal weevil.* Zirai MOcadele A~tlrma- EnstitiisO - 21100 OiVARBAKIR15

AKDENiz BOLGESiNDE MISIRDA ZARAR YAPANMISIR KO~AN KURDU (SESAM/A NONAGR/O/DES LEF.)(LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) VE MISIR KURDU(OSTR/N/A NUB/LAL/S HBN (LEPIDOPTERA:PYRALlDAE}'NUN MOCADELESiNE ESAS OLABiLECEKBiYOLOJiK KRiTERLERiN ARA$TIRILMASIOya ZEREN*Mustafa GOLlLO*1986-1989 Yillannda Dogankent'te 1l?lk ve feromon tUzaklan, dogall?artla~dakafesler,Tarsus'ta 1l?lk tuzagl ve aynca arazi 9ahl?malan yaparak Mlslr K09ah Kurdu veM!slr Kurdunun mOcadelesine esas olabilecek biyolojik kriterler ar~tmlmll?tlr.Yapllan ara§tlrmalann sonu91anna gore; Mlslr K09an Kurdunun 4, MISlr Kurdununise 3-4 dol verdigi ve tom dollerine ait erkek/dil?i oranlannm yakl~tk 1/1 oldugu,ancak genellikle dil?i oranlnm daha yOksek oldugubelirlenmil?tir. Temmuz'un ikincihaftaslna f

INVESTIGATIONS ON BIOLOGICAL CRITERIA· fORCONTROLLING THE STEM BORER (SESAMIA NONAGRIOIDES LEF.) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOC'ruIDAE) AND EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HBN.) (LEPIDOTPERA: PYRAUDAE) IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION Nevzat $IM$EJ(" Ova ZEREN" Mustafa GOujj"Biological criteria were investigated in order to find out the available control basesfor Stem Borer and European Corn Borer by using light and pherdmo.ne traps, cagesin natural conditions and field trials in 1986-1989 ..The results showed that Stem Borer gave 4, and European Corn Borer gave 3-4generations and the male/female proportion of each generation was approximately1/1 but the females were more than males. It was understood that the population innature of the above mentioned pests was low until the second week of July, After thisdate, populations became more, related to the generations.It was generally found that the population densities of both pests were notso highto take control measures for the first corn crop. It was also concluded that the controlmeasures may be applied when the population densities of each pest were high accordingto the light traps and the first infections to'ok place in the second corn crop.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsu - ADANA17

AKDENiz BOLGESllKiNcI URUN MISIR EKiMALANLARINDA MISIR KOCAN "KURDU (SESAMIANONAGRIOIDES LEF., S. CRETICA LED.) VE MISIR KURDU(OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HBN.)'NUN KiMYASALMUCAt:?ELESIUZERiNDE ARA,TIRMALAR·Oya ZEREN* Mustafa GOLLO* Neyzat fiM,EK*1988-1989 YlllanndaAdana Merkez, Dogankent, Balcall ve Karat8.9'ta Mlslr KocanKurdu ve MISlr Kurdu'na kar91 degi9ik zaman ve arahklarla yer aleti ve yer aleti +ucakla ilac (SIVI, granOI +SIVI) denemeleri yapllml9tlr. Ucak denemelerinde iz maddesive bitkilere , ili9tirilen tiltre kagttlan kullantlml9br.Uygun ilaclama yontemini Qulmak icin 1988 Yllinda 4 karakterli, tekerr"OrsOz olarakgeni9parsel denemesi yapllmI9t1r. ilk ilaclamayumurta gorUidOgO zaman tarlapOIverizatorOve granOI uygulaYlclsl ile yapllml9, 4. ve 3. ilaclama ise ucakla yapllmI9t1r.UQak ilaclamasl5l1da, 81/da hacimlerinde, Konvensiyonel ve45 °C aCI durumlarlndauygulanml9, etki yonOnden bir tarkhhk bulunmaml9tlr. Yineaynl amacla 1989Ylhnda4karakterli 3 tekerrOrlO olaraK bOyOk parseldenemesi aCllmt9t1r. Bu denemede 51/danormundaki u

INVESTIGATION ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF STEM BORERS (SESAMIA NONAGRIOIDESLEF., S. CRETICA LED~) AND EUROPEAN CORN-aORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HBN.) ON SECOND CROP CORN IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION Oya ZEREN· Mustafa GOI.LO* Neyzat ,IM,EK·This study was carried out against to Stem Borers and European pom Borerusing field sprayer and field sprayer +aeroplane at different time and periods in Adana-Merkez,.Dogankent,Balcall and Karata~ within the years of 1988-1989.At the aeroplane trials were used trace material and filter paper·which has attachedto plants.To find the optimum aplication time and method in 1988, the field experiment wasconducted with 4 characters and non replicated as large parcel trial.The first application was done by field sprayer and microgranuleapplicator whenthe egg appeared. The second and third applications were done by aeroplane.The aeroplane spraying was carried out with 511 daand 81/da involume and convansiyonal,but couldn't any differences between their effects.In 1989, randomised block design was used with 4characters and 3replicated aslarge parcel trial. In this trial, the aeroplane spraying for 511da appUcated at two timesafter field sprayer and once after granule application.At the end the study. it was concluded that chemical control methods should beginwith the appearance of the eggs and should apply byfield sprayer and two timesaeroplane with 10-15 days intervals.* Zirai M-ucadele Ara$tlrma Enstitosu • ADANA19

GUNEVDOGU ANADOlU BOLGESiNDECELTiKlERDE ZARARLI OLAN SOGOTELLASUEZENSIS MATS VE: J(EL/SIA RIBAUTI WAGN.(HCMOPiERA: DEJ=W>HAQDAE) TORLERiNEKAR~I iLA(! DENEMESiZlya $iM$EK*DOnya

CHEMICAL EXPERIMIENlT AGADNS1' SOGOTELLASUEZENSIS MATS. AND KELISIA RIBAUTI WAG!~t(HOMOPTERA: DELPHCIDAE) HARMf~jL ON RICE ~NSOUTHEST ANATOUA REGaONIhsan SEREL"Some insect species belong to Cicadellidae and Delphacidae can cause croploss up to 80 % on rice in Far East countries where about 90 % of World rice productionhas.peen produced. From these insects, Scgotell~ s~~iiI$isMats. and KelisiaribautiWagn. (Homoptera:Delphacidae) were caused serious damage in rice sownareas in Diyarbaklr (Silvan) in 1978. To preven' damage a trial was set up for thenimphsand adults of the insects by using ground equipments. In the trial, Malathion20EC (at,40,50and75g ai/da); Rogor40EC(at50g ai/da) and Folimat50 EC(at50gai/da) were used.Depending on the results, Rogor 40 EC and FOIi,mat 50 EC showed 89.2 % and95.5 % effectiveness respectively. Malathion 20 EC was found to be ineffective at alldoses. It was concluded that, the ineffectivenes of Malathi on 20 EC was caused from awrong time spraying. .* Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsu - ADANA21

B. SEBZE VE YEM BiTKiLERi ZARARLILARI VEGETABLE AND FODDER CROP PESTS

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESi'NDE PATATESLERDE ZARAR YAPAN PATAlES GUvESi (PHTHORIMAEA OPERCULELLA ZELLER) OZERiNDE SURVEY CALI$MALARI Senc~r CAU~KANER* AI~nur HAS* NOkhet DORTBUDAK*Orta Anadolu B6lgesi'nde Patates gOvesi (Phthorimaea aperculella (ZeIler))'ninyaYlh§, bula9ma oram ve yogunlugunu saptamak amaclYla, 1986 Ylhnda Bolu,Nigde ve Nevgehir, 1987 Ylllnda ise Afyon, Konya ve Kayseri illerinde survey

SURVEY STUDIES O~ THE POTATO TUBER MOTH(PHTHORIMAEA OPERCULELLA (ZELLER» HARMFUL ONPOTATO IN CENTRAL ANATOLIASencer t;AU~ER" Alanur HAS" Niikhet OORTBUDAK*Survey studies in 1986 and in 1987 were conducted in Bolu, Nigde and Nevgehir;Afyon, Konya and Kayseri provinces respectively to find out the distribution, theinfestation rate and the density of Potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller))'in Central Anatolia.Three districts of each province and three villages of each county where potatogrowing is economically important, were surveyed by inspection of randomly selectedleaves when potato plant is at flowering stage in 1986, before and after floweringstage in'1987, meanwhile, tubers were examined during the harvest and storage bothin 1986 and in 1987. In addition, provinces found out to be infested were checked secondly.According to the studies carried out; no pest and its damage was found exceptone field in Afyon province at flowering stage during the rarvest. The numbers ofviIIagesinfested with. the pest in Afyon, Bolu, Konya and Kayseri were 3,2, 1 and 1 respectively.lnfestationrate was between 0.06 and 3.00 %. The numbers of stores determinedto be jnfested with Potato tuber moth and its damege in Bolu, Nevl?ehir, Afyon,Konya and Kayseri were 17, 2, 2, 2 and 1 ; the infestation rate in these provinceswerefoundtobeO.20 %-22.00%;1.40%-1.80%;0.20%-1.50%; 1.50% -6.00%and 1.50 % respectively during the first COntrol. The latter, the numbers of stores infestedinBolu,Afyon, Konyaand Nevfiehirwere 14,5,1 and 1; the infestation rate inthese provinces were 0.38 % -14.00 %; 0:50 % -1 ~50 %; 1.00 %; 1.50 % respectively.According to the results obtained, five of six provinces was found to be infestedwith Potato tuber moth. The distribution, the infestation rate and its density was moreimportant in Bolu than other provinces. Although no pest was determined at floweringstage, infestation during storage was fairly important.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~lirma EnstitOsu ANKARA25

KARADENiz BOLGESiNDE PATATESLERDE PATATES GUvEsi (GNORIMOSCHEMA (-PHTHORIMAEA) OPERCULELLA ZE~LERl'NiN Y.AYILI~I, YOGUNLUGU VE ZARARI UZERINDE ON CALI~MALAR GOven KiPER" Nevzat YILMAZ" Ersan YASAN"Patates guvesi (Gnorimoschema (= PhthOrimaea) opet'Culella Zeller)'ninKaradeniz bolgesinde yaYllma ve zarar durumunu ortaya Qlkarmak iQin tarla donemindeve patates depolandlktan sonra Qaill?malar yapllmll?tlr.1986 Yllmda Samsun, Kastamonu ve Sinop illerinde c;,;iQeklenme oncesi ve Qir,;eklenmedoneminde toplam 58; 1987 YlhndaAmasya, Corum, Tokat, Ordu ve Trabzonilferinde r,;ir,;eklenme oncesi donemde toplam 164 patates tarlasl kontrol edilmil?tiro Amasya, Corum ve Ordu illerinde r,;ir,;eklenme sonrasl ve hasat donemlerinde deslraslyla topl am 62 ve 78 tarlada kontroliar yapli mll?tlr. Cail~llan illerden sadece Samsun'unCar~amba ilr,;esinde Kahyall koyunde iki patates tarlasmda % 3; % SO oranmdabula~ma saptanml~ olup diger illerde patates guvesi veya zaranna rastlanmaml~tlr.1986-1988'de Samsun'da toplam 32, Kastamonu'da 17, Trabzon'da 36, Ordu'da36, Tokat'ta 37, Amasya'da 20 ve Corum'da 30 depoda yapllan Qalll?ma sonucundaSamsunilininS, Trabzon, TokatveCorum illerinin birerilr,;esininpatatesgOvesiile bul~lk oldugu ortaya r,;lkmll?tlr. Bulal?lk depo oranl Samsun ilinde % 68.7S, Trabzon'da% 13.88, Tokat'ta %29.72veCorum'da % 16.66olupbul~lkyumruoranl Slraslylaortalama% 19.34 (1-100); % 2S(1-S); % 2.63(2-20) ve % 3.2S(12-30)'dir.ilkbaharda bul~lk yerlerden ikinci kez allnan orneklerde bul~lk yumru oranmda artmaolmaml~tlr. .Trabzon, Tokatve Corum illerinin tarla doneminde temiz, depo c;,;aill?malanndaisebula~lk bulunul?u, Patates guvesinin depolanml~ yumrularda daha kolay saptand!glnlgostermektedir. Bulal?lk illerden Samsun'da bul~ma oranl digerlerinden r,;ok dahayOksektir. Bolgede zararllnln tohumluk nakli ve ticari yolla yaYllma tehlikesi vardl r. Bunedenle uzerinde aynntth bir

PRELIMINARY StUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION, DENSITY AND DAMAGE OF POTATO TUBER MOTH (GNORIMOSCHEMA PHTHORIMAEA) OPERCULELLAZELLER) IN POTATOES IN. tHE BLACK SEA REGION OF TURKEY GUven KiPER" Nevzat YILMAZ* Ersan YASAN*This study has been carried out both in the field and during storage to determinethe distribution, density and extent of damage of Potato tuber moth (Gnorimoschema(= Phthorimaea) apercu/ei/a Zeller) in potatoes in the Black Sea Region.In 1986 totally58 potato fields in both pre-flowering and flowering stopes in Samsun,Kastamonu, and Sinop ·provinces, and in 1987 totally 164 potato fields in pre-floweringstage in AmaSya, Corum, Tokat, Ordu, and Trabzon provi nces were surveyed.In Amasya, Corum, Tokat, Ordu, and Trabzon provinces were surveyed. In Amasya,Corum, and Ordu62 potato fields in post-flowering stage and 78 fields at harvestweresurveyed. The field studies revealed that only two potato fields in Kahyall village ofCar1?amba county of Samsun province were infested with Potato tuber moth at the levelsof 3 % and 50 %.During 1986-1988 survey carried out in 32 potato stores in Samsun, 1? in Kastamonu,36 in Trabzon, 36 in Ordu, 37 in Tokat, 20in Amasyaand 30in Corum revealedthat 5 counties of Samsun provice and only a county of each ofTrabzon, Tokat and Corumprovince were infested with the pest. The percenMge of infested store was 68.75% in Samsun, 13.88 % in Trabzon, 29.72 in Tokat and 16.66 % in Corum, the rate oftubers infected with the pest was 19.34 (1-100); 25 (1-5); 2.63 (2-20) and 3.25 (1230) respectively. The rate of infested tubers has not increased in the spring sampling.. Despite Potato tuber moth has not been found in potato fields in Trabzon, Tokatand Corum stored tubers were found tobe infested with the pest in these provincesthis indicates that Potato tuber moth can be easily detected in infested tubers. The levelof infestation was the highest in Samsun provice. A detailed study should be carriedout on this pest since it may be widespread in the region through transportation ofseed potatoes and commercial channel.• Karaderiiz Tanmsal Ara:;;tlrma.EnstitOsO - SAMSUN27

BOLU iLiNDE PATATESLERDE ZARAR YAPAN TELKURTLARI (AGRIOTES SPP.)'NA KAR$I TOHUMLUK VE TOPRAK iLACLAMASI OZERiNDE CALI$MALAR Ramazan KEDlcl* Alanur HAS* All TAMER" OlkO HAYKIR*Patateste Telkurtlanna kar§1 tohumluk ilaQlarnaslnln etkisini saptarnak iQn Boluilinde 1988 Ylhnda aQlfan deneme 6karakter ve 3 tekerrOrlO olarak tesadOf bloklan denemedesenine gore kurulmu§tur. Bu denemede pyrinex 25 W.P. ilacI250 g/1 00 kgtohumluk dozunda % 43.26, 350 g/100 kg tohumluk dozunda % 61.77; Thiodan 35W.P. iiaci 300 g/1 00 kg tohumluk dozunda % 19.34.400 g/1 00 kg tohumluk dozunda% 40.38 etkili olmu§tur. Gerek ilaQlann du§uk etki gostermesi ve gerekse fitotoksisitedendolayl verimde onemli dU§U9ler gorulmu§ ve adl geQen zararllya kar9lbu ilaQlanntohumluk ilaQlamaslnda kullanilarnayaeaQI kanlsma vanlml§tlr.1989 Ylhnda Qaill?malara aynl ilOO toprak ilaQlamasl l?eklinde devam edilmi§tir.Deneme tesaduf bloklan deneme desenine gore 8 karakter ve 3 tekerrOrlO olarak kurulmul?tur.Bu denemede Dursban 5 G. 2500 ve 6500 g/da dozlanndaslrasl ile ortalarna% 54.89 ve %80.70; Mocap 10 G, 2000 ve 4000 g/da dozlarmda slrasl ile ortalarna% 39.29 ve % 49.70; Thiodan 35 W.P. 1500 g/da dozda ortalama % 86.15; Bazinon20 EM.1 000 glda dozda ortalama % 82.65 ve Pyrinex 25 W.P. 1200 g/da dozdaortalama % 76.89 oraninda etkili olmul?tur.BusonuQlara gore Thiodan 35 W.P., Bazinon 20 EM. Pyrinex25 W.P. ve Dursban5 G(6500 glda)'nin patatesJerdetelkurtJanna karl?1 toprak ilaQlamaslndakullanllabileceg;kanlslna vanlml§tlr... Zirai Mucadele Ara!,?tlrma EnslitUsu - ANKARA28

STUDIES ON THE SEED AND SOIL TREATMENTS AGAINST WIREWORMS (AGRIOTES SPP.) HARMFULL ON POTATOES IN BOLU PROVINCE Ramazan KEDicI'" A1anur HAS· All TAMER" OlkO HAYKIR"In 1988, the experiment was carried out in order to determine the effectivenessof seed treatment of potatoes against Wireworms, according to the randomized blockdesing with six charecters and three replicates in Bolu province. The effectiveness ofPyrinex 25 W. (250 g preparation/100 kg seed and 350 g preparation/1 00 kg seed)was 43.26 % and 61.77 %; and Thiodan 35W.P. (300g preparation/100 kg seed and400 9 preparation/1 00 kg seed) was 19.34 % and 40.38 % respectively. It was decidedthat these products can not be used for seed treatment against Wireworms becauseof the low effect and phytotoxicity.1[11989, studies were continued as soil application in the same province. Experimentwas set up according to the randomized block desing with 8charecters and 3replicates. In this experiment, average effectiveness of Dursban 5 G (2500 and 6500g/da) was 54.89 % and 80.70 %; Mocap10G(2000and4000g/da) was 39.29 % and49.70%respectively.lnthesametria/, Thiodan 35W.P. (1500g/da), Bazinon20E.M.(1000 g/da) and Pyrinex25 W.P. (1200 g/da) gave 86.15 %, 82.65 % and76.89 %average effectiveness respectively.Depending on these results, it was concluded that Thiodan 35 W.P., Bazinon 20EM, Pyrinex25 W.P. and Dursban 5 G (6500 g/da) can be used in soil aplication againstWireworms in potatoes.• Zirai MOcadele Ara:;;tlrma EnstitUsO - ANKARA29

DOGU AKDENiz BOLGESiNDE LAHANA GOBEKKURDU (HELLULA UNDALIS FAB.) (LEP.: PVRALiDAE)'NUN BioEKOLOJisi VE MOCADELESi OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Cahlde VABA,·Oya ZEREN·Lahana gobek kurdunun Adana ve iQel iIIeri dlt;;lnda GOney Anadolu iUerindenHatay, Gaziantep ve K:-Marat;;'ta yaYlht;; ve bulalilma oranlan tespit edilmit;;tir. Hatay'mKlnkhan, D6rtyol ve iskenderun ilQeleri, Gaziantep'in Oguzeli ilQesi, K.Mara$'ln G6ksunilQesi zararh ile bulalillk durumdadlr. BUIat;;ma oranlan % 1 - % 58 araslndadegililmektedir.1985 ve 1986 Yillannda Lahana g6bek kurdu (Hellula untlalis F.)'nun bio-ekolojisiile ilgili

BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CABBAGE WEB WORM (HELLULA UNDALIS F.) IN EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION Cahide VABA$"OyaZEREN"The spreading and infection ratios of cabbage web worm has been established insome another Anatolian cities ratherthan Adana and icel, like Hatay. Gaziantep and K.Mara~. Kmkhan. Di:irtyol and iSkenderun districs of Hatay, Oguzeli distric of Gaziantepand Gi:iksun distric of Kahramanmara~ has infected with the pest. The infection ratiosvaries from 1 % to 58 %.In 1985 and 1986, studies about the bioecology of cabbage web worm carriedout as field and laboratory studies and in 1987 only as field studies. In the field studiesin 1986 in two seperate regions and 2 seperate fields, Robinson light traps were usedand adult curve was established. In the same fields a spesific number of infectedpiants were examined and the larvae found were counted and recorded.In the end of the field studies, it was established that the adults went out datingfrom the last week of June and first week of July, and that their populations reachedthe maximum level in August and September. It was observed thatthe larvae madetheir first pests in nursery, then both in the nursery and fields reached the maximumlevel in August and September, and continued their aetivityuntil mid. November accordingto the fenology of their hosts.Laboratuaries studies were carried out 2f'OC ±2 and 60 % ±1 0 humidity conditiory.lnthe end of the studies it was recorded life-long of adults, stage of larvae and periodof prepupae and pupae. As their natural enemies Bracomidae Ichneumonidae family,the larvae parasite belonging to the family of Chalcididae and pupae parasitefrom Diptera was obtained.In the studies in 1988 it was been established that the pest did not really have aperiod of hibernation, and that is has continued developping, all this periods, excludingegg, being present during winter.In the chemical control studies no difference was confirmed between the firstand second applications of all the insecticides exluding Trichlorphon Bacillus thuringifJnsis,QUinalphos, Fenthion and Chlorpyrifos-ethyl having 10 days betweentheir 1 st and 2 nd applications. As a resulty of this control method it has been establishedthat 1 or 2 applications could control the pest... Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsU ADANA31

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESi'NDE LAHANALARDA BULUNAN ZARARLI VE FAYDAU FAUNANIN YOGUNLUKLARININ VE YAYIU$ ALANLARININ SAPTANMASI OZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Olldi HAYKIR'" Alanur HAS'" Ali TAMER" Ramazan KEDlci*Bu eah~mada Orta Anadolu Bolgesi'nde lahanalarda bulunan faydalt ve zararhboceklerin, akarlann yaYIII~ ve yogunluklan saptanmll;>tlr.Call1;>malar 1984 Ylltnda, Konya'daNisan aYlnda fideliklerin kontrolu ile b~lamll;>,tarladaki lahanalar tek tek kontrol edilmi~tir. 1986 Ylltnda Nigde'de yap liar) malarda;fidelik ve tarla kontrollerinde fenoloji dikkate altnarak (Nisan, MaYls, Temmuz,Agustos, EylOl, Ekim tarihlerinde) gidilmi~, fidelik olarak 25 m2'lik, tarla kontrolO iein.5-6 donOmlOk alanlar dikkate allnarak kontroller yapllmll;>, tesadiifi seellen 25 bitkidelahanalann tOmO kontrol edilmi~tir. Altnan bOtOn orneklerln mOmkOn olan en altstnlflamaslyapllml!~, yapllamayanlar te~hise gonderilmi~tir.Sonu

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND DENSITY OF THE PESTS WHICH HARMFUL ON CABBAGES, WITH THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OlkO HAYKIR· Alanur HAS· Ali TAMER· Ramazan KEDicl"The aim of this investigation was to determine the distribution and density of insectsand mites which are harmful and beneficial on cabbages in Central Anatolia Region.Studies were begun in April 1984 in seedling in Konya Studies were continuedin 1986 in Nigde. Surveys were conducted during the vegatiton. During the field stage,randomly choosen 25 plants were controlled in each 5-6 da field.As a result of these surveys, Lepidopter species were found to be important.These are Pietis bi'assicae L., Pietis Tapas L., Mamestra brassiCMI L., Plute/IIImacullpennlsCurtis, Plusia gammaL., Agt¥ttisspp., Deliaspp. was also found tobe hamful. Apantelss glomeratus L. are the parasitoids obtained from the larvae ofcabbage moth. Besides, a hyperparasitoid, TlJtrastichus ,..a(Walker) was determined.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstiWsO - ANKARA33

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE MERCiMEKLERDE ZARAR YAPAN MERCIMEK TPHUMBOCEGi (BRLfCHUS LENTIS FROH~)'NIN. TA~LA KO$ULLARINDA KIMYASAL SAVA$IMI UZERINDE ARA$TIRMALAR Olkii HAYKIR* AIiTAMER* Ramazan KEDtCt*1983-1988 Yillannda Ankara ilinde mercimeklerde tarar yapan Mercimek 10humbocegi (Bnlchus lentili),ne kar~1 uygun ilac;lama zamanmm ve en etki'n olabilecekilaGlann saptanmasl amaclyla IlaG denemesi yapllml~tlr.Denemede Deltamethrin, Triazophos, Endosulfan, Fenitrothion, Carbaryl 5,Carbaryl 85, Fenthion, Fenvalerate, Azinphos-methyl 2.5, Azinphos-methyl 20, Esfenvalerate,Cypermethrin 2.5, ve Cypermethrin 200 kl;lllanllml~tlr. 1983-1985 Yllianndadeneme Gic;eklenme bal;>langlcl ve % 80

CHEMICAL FIELD TRIALS AGAINST THE LENTIL WEEVIL (BRUCHUS LENTIS FROHL.) THAT DAMAGES LENTIL IN THE CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION OlkU HAYKIR* All TAMER'" Ramazan KEDlcl*In order for Lentil weevil (Bruchus IBnlis Frohl.) causing crop losses by eatingseeds to be controlled. Chemical experiments were carried out at Bayram, a village ofAya9, Ankara in 1983-1986 and at Ovacik, a village of

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE MERCiMEKLERDE ZARARLI APioN (AP/ON ARROGANSWENCH.) (COL.: CURCUUONIDAE)'UN UYGUN MUCADELE ZAMANININ VE ETKiLi iLA~LARIN BELiRLENMESi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR ~fTORKMEN*Abuzer VOCEL*1985-1988 Yilian arasJnda Apion (Apion S"Dg811S Wench.) (Col.: Curculionidae)Ozerinde yapllan cah§malarda zararhmn mOeadelesine yonelik biyolojik ozellikleriaydlnlatllmt§, mOcadele zamant ve etkili ilaQlar saptanml§ttr.Yaptlan call1i\malar sonueu ApionIIn'ogsnsWeneh. (Col.: Curculionidae) larvalarlnlnmercimekte zaranntn onemli oldugu; mOeadelesinde larva enfeksiyonununesas ahnmasl gerektjQi belirlenmi§tir. Bitki boyunun 5-6 em'den cir,;;eklenme ba§langlelnakadar olan donemde, mereimek sOrgOnlerinde % 10 larva enfeksiyonu gorOIdOgOndemCeadele yapllmasl gerekmektedir.ilac denemeleri, tesadOf bloklan deneme desenine gore 6 karekterve 3 tekerrOr10 olarak aQlml§tlr. SaYlmlar ilaclamadan 3, 7,10 gOn soma bitki Ozerindeve kokbogaZl eivannd3. 3-8 em derinlikte eanlt erginlerin, aynca parsellerden tesadOfi olarak ahnanenfekteli 25 tepe sOrgOnOndeki canh larvalartn laboratuvarda saYllmaslyla yapllml§tlr.Dflnemeler sonucunda, Fenitrothion 50 EC,{200. ml/da), EndosOlfan 25 EC(150 ml/da) ergin ve larvaya; Deltamethrin 2.5 EC (50 ml/da), Monoerotophos 40 EC(200 m'/da) ergine kar§1 etkili bulunmu§tur.Zararh hasat sonrast estivasyona Qekilmekte, daha soma topragtn 1 0-15 cm derinlighdekOQOk odaelklar icinde diyapoz dbnemini tamamI amaktaveYllhk iklim ko§ullarll1:1gore sonbahar ayl nda mercimeklerin topraktan Qlkl§lndan soma klsa peryotlarlagorJlmeye ba§lamakta fakat asll ergin 9lkl§lan vezaran §ubat ba§Jndan itibaren gorOImektedir.Bblgede bu zararhmn bir dbl verdigi saptanml§tlr.* Zirai Mucadele Ara$tlrma EnstitUsu - DiYARBAKIR

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OF(APION ARROGANSWENCH (COL: CURCUUONIDAE)ON LENTILS IN SOUTHEAST ANATOUA,erIf TORKMEN" Ay,e AKKAYA" Abuz., VOCEl."To determine the chemical control of AplonIIrrogan11Wench. (Col.: Curculionidae)on lentils is SoutheastAnatoliastudies were made in years 1985-1988in $anhurfaprovince and the pest'ls some biologic characters on its control.As aresult of the researches, larval stage of the pest was found important to decidefor its Ghemical control. When there is 10 % larval infection on lentils applicationmust be eo.Trials were carried out in $anhurfa by making use of Random Block designe witt.6characters and 3 replications. The counting has been 3, 7, 10 days after the applicationliving adults were counted by looking for them on plants and in the soil at adepthof 3 to 8 cm. Living larvae weer counted by taking 25 infected young part of the plantfrom the each plot in the laboratory.According to the results, Fenitrothion 5O'EC (200 cc/da), Endosulfan 35 EC (150cc/da) were wound effective agamst adult and larvae and Demtamethrin 2.5 EC (SOcclda), Monocrotophos 40 EC.(200 cc/da) were found effective adults of the insect.The adults aestivate in the soil at a depth of 10 to 15 cm after harvest during thesummer and have been observed in the field as early as December-January depending on the temperature and rainfall. But real emerge occur after February. In SoutheasternAnatolia the weevil has one generationa year.• Zirai Mucadele Aralitlrma Enstitusu - DiYARBAKIR37

iHRACATA VONELiK URUN ELDE ETMEK AMACIVLAAKDENiz BOLGESi YEMEKLiK BAKLAGiLLERiNDE BULUNAN ZARARLILAR iLE BUNLARIN MOCADELELERiNiN GELi~iRiLMESi OZERiNDE ARA~IRMALAR Cahide VABAI;* Ova ZEREN* Asuman ULUBiLiR*1986-1988 Yilian arasmdaAkdeniz B61gesi'nin yemeklik baklagillerinde bulunanfaydall ve zararh faunanm tespiti ve bunlardan ekonomik 6neme sahip olanlann zarardurumu, biyolojik tizellikleri ve mucadelelerinin geli~tirilmesi Ozerinde ara~tlrmalaryapllml~tlr. SOrveyler sonucu, mercimekte, nohutta ve fasulyede degi~ik taklm ve familyalardanzararh ve yararll tOrler saptanmr~tlr. Bunlardan mercimekte Sitona crinitu~Brchus ervi, Apion arrogan~ Mercimek Yaprak biti (Aphis crassivora) veKQk afiti (Smynthurodes betall) 6nemli zararillardandir. Faydall b6ceklerden CDccinellasemptempunctata l Deraecoris pallen~ Adonia variegata 6nemli tOrlerdir.Nohutta b~ta Liriomyza ciceri~ Heliothis armigera ve H. dipsacea 01mak Ozere 22 zararll tUrOn tamsl yapllml~tlr. Yararillardan, Uriomyzaspp. 'nin parazitialan Diglyphus isaea bol miktarda bulunmu~tur. Fasulyede toplam 21 zararil ve yararh tUrOn tamsl yaptlrllml~tlr. Bunlardan Empoasca decipien~ Tetranychus urticaeveT. cinnabarinu~Aphis(abBe, Thrips tabacive Aleothripssp., He/iothistOrleri, Etiellazinckenellave Delia platuratinemli zararll tOrlerolarak bulunmu~tur.SOrvey !;(ah~malan yamsIra mercimekte 6nemli sorun alan Mercimek tohum b6cegi (B. eTVI])'nin mOcadelesine esas olacak biyolojik ve ekolojik faktorlerin ar~tlnlmaslgayesiyle 1987 -1988 Yilian araslnda Gaziantep'te zararllnm kl~laktan ilk !;(lkl~larlyumurta blrakma, larva !;(Ikl~ zamanIan gibi konular Ozerinde durulmu~, meteorolojikko~ullar ve ekolojik faktorler ar~ttrllml~tlr.Mercimekte zararil tOrlerden biri alan A. arrogansla yapIIan !;(a"~malarda ilk erginleringenellikle slcakllgm 10-13 DC arasmda oldugu donemde $ubat sonu-Martb~lannda !;(Ikmaya ba~ladlklan saptanml~tlr.Larvalar Mart aymdan itibaren gorOlmeyeba~lamaktadlr. S. crinituserginleri $ubat aymm ilk yansmda, larvalar Mart aYlndabulunmu~tur. Nohuttaen !;(ok rastlanan zararh alan L. cicerinaflln nohutun tOm vegetasyonsOresince bulundugu, QiQeklenmenin tamamlandlQI MaYls aYlnda populasyonunen OstdOzeye!;(lktlgl, bitkilerin bul~lk olmasmakar~m kapsOI baglaYlp, geli~tiklerigozlenmi~tir... Zirai Mucadele Ara!?tlrma EnstitUsu - ADANA38

STUDIES ON- PEST OF -EATABLE BEANS. (CHICKPEA, LENl"IL, PHASEOLUS BEAN) FOR EXPORTABLE PRODUCTION IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION ICahlde YABA,* Oya ZEREN* Asuman ULUBiLiR*Between the years of 1986-1988 research was carried out about the establishingof harmful and useful fauna, and about the damage situations, biological propertiesand the development of eontrol of the ones which have economic significance among·this fauna. In the surveys made in different years. Some harmful and useful spe-deshad been observed on lentis, chickpea and broad bean. These are $itona crinitu~Bruchus tlrvi, Apion arrogans, Aphis crassivoT4 SmynthurodBs bBtalfl, CDCcintlililstlmpttlmpunctat4 DBralflCDris palltms, Adonia variegata, LiriomyzaciCBrin4 HBliothis armiglH'4 H. dipSC81f18 and also has been identificated 22 usefuland harmful species. EmpoasC8 dl!lcipitlns, Ttltranychus urticBlfl and T. cinnabarintls,Aphisfabalfl, Thrips tabaciand AllflDthripssp.HBliothisspp, EtiBllazincklH'llflll4 DBlia platura were important harmful species on broad bean.Besides these survey studies of between the years 1987-1988, with the aim ofresearching the biological and ecological factors which will form the fondation of theprotection with Bruchus tlrviin Gaziantep observation about the first emergence ofpest, the relasing of their eggs and emergence period of the larvae, and research aboutmeteorological condition and ecological factors was made.In the studies made with A. arrogans which was one of the harmful species forlentis, it has been observed that first adults started to emerge the period at the and ofFebruary and beginning of March. Larvae were seen dating from march in which theplants were 9-1 0 cm in length and the avarage temperate was 10-11 DC. The adults ofS. crinltuswere seen in the first half of February. First larvae were found in March.L ciclH'inawhich the most commonly seen pest in check pea, was present duringthe complete vegetation period of Check-pea and their population reached thehighest level in May when the flowering was completed. It was also confirmed that althoughthe plants were infected they formed a capsule and developped.• Zirai MUcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitUsUADANA39

iHRACATA, VONELIK ORON ELDE ETMEK AMAQVLAEGE BOLGEsi YEMEKUK BAKLAGiLLERiNDEKi TOHUM BOCEKLERi iLE BUNLARIN MOCADELELERiNiN GELiffiRILMESi OZERiNDE ARAfflRMALAR A. Ihsan OZAR" Handan GENe;*1984-1990 Yillannda Ege b61gesinde yOrOtOlen projede baklagil tohum b6ceklerininbul~ma kaynaklan, zararlan, yogunluk ve yayglnliklan ile BorOlee tohum b6cegi(CallosobnN::husmaculalusF. )'nin tarla doneminde kontrolu ile ilgili r;(ah!1malaryapllml!1t1r.1985-1987 Yillarinda yapllan survey ~all!1maIarl i1e Fasulyede AclllJfhoscelidesobtet:tuS Say., Mercimek'te Bl1It:hus lentis Frohl, Baklada B. rutimanus Boh.,Bezelyede B. piSDIUIII L. ve BorOlcede caJlosDbrut:hus maculatJs F. tohum bocegitOrlerinin tarla doneminde OrOne bul~tlklarl belirlenmi!1tir. Nohut OrOnOnde ise!aria bul~maSi olmadlQI saptanml!1tlr. Aynca bu zararhlarln yemeklik baklagil Oretimiyapllan tOm lokallerde yaygln ve yogun oldu~lan ve onemli nitelik, nicelik ve germinasyonkaYlplanna neden olduklarl belirlenmi!1tir.Yemeklik baklagillerde zararh olan bu tOrlerin yamslra, Triaspis thorat:k:usCurt. (Hym: Sraconidae) I Dlnannusacutus(Thomp.) ve Anisoptllt'OlTlllluscal.,.,dnH!l (Howard) (Hym: Pteromalidae) yararh tOrler olara~ saptanml!1t1r.1988-1990 Yillannda BorOlee tohumbOceginin tarladoneminde kontrol yontemininsaptanmasl amaci ile U!1ak-E!1me'de ila~ denemeleri'yapllml!1tlr. Sonu~ta, bOrOlcedekapsOI olu!1um doneminde Hostathion preparatlnln 200 ml/dadozu ile yapllacaktek ila~lamanln zararhya yeterli dOzeyde etkili olduQu anl~llml!1tlr.Hasat sonrasl d6nemde SorOlee tohum b6ceginin kontrolu konusunda Damfin500 EC preparatl ile yapllan ~aIl!1ma ile preparatln bu konuda kullanllamayacagl kamsmavarllml!1tlr... Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsu • BornovaliZMiR40

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE IMPROVING OF THE CONTROL METHODS ON THE LEGUME SEED PESTS OF THE FOODS LEGUMES IN ORDER TO PRODUCE CROP FOR EXPORTING IN AEGEAN REGION A. ihsan OZAR* Dr. Handan GENe;:*Through this studies carried out between the years of 1984-1990, infestation ratesand sources and densities and distributions of legume seed pests in the warehousesand also control of Callosobruchus maculatus in the field were brought intolight. .It is found that, by the survey studies carried out in theyears of 1985-1987 infectionof crop-starts with Acanthoscelides obtectus Say., Bruchus lentis Fr6hl, B.rufimanus Boh., B. pisorum L., and C. maculatus F. on bean. lentil, broad-bean,pea, and cowpea in the field respectively. It does not happen with chick pea crop. Allpests are widely and densely distributed in the legumes growing areas and causeboth germination and quality losses.'TriaspisthorcaicusCurt. (Hym: Braconidae). DinarmusacutusThomp. andAnisopteromaluscalandrae(Howard) (Hym: Pteromalidae) are present as beneficial.Some chemical treatments were conducted in E§me-U$AK, to control C. maculatuson cowpea in 1988-1990. At cowpea capsule maturity period, a treatment withHostathion (Triazophos a.i.) of 200 ml/da gives satisfactory control.A treatment after harvest with Damfin 500 EC (Metacrifos a. i.) against C. maculatusdoes not give good control as a protectant agent.* Zirai MUcadele Arag\lrma EnstitlisU BornovaJizMiR41

iHRACATA YONELiK URUN ELDE ETMEK AMACI iLE EGE BOLGESi YEMEKLiK BAKLAGiLLERiNDEKi (NOHUT, BAKLA, FASULYE, MERCIMEK, BORULCE, BEZELYE) ZARARLILAR iLE BUNLARIN MUCADELELERiNiN GELi$TiRiLMEsi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Nebila KAVA·Pervtn HINCAL·1984-1989 Yilian arasmda Ege Bolgesinin yemeklik baklagillerinde bulunan faydallve zararh faunaslnln tespiti ve ekonomik onemi olanlann zarar durumu, biyolojikozellikleri ve mOcadelelerinin ~Ii~tirilmesi amac;larlna yonelik ar~tlrmalar yapllml~tlr.Onemli zararhlar olarak; mercimekte Bruchus tentis Frohl, Sitona crinitusHerbst, nohutta Liriomyi:a ciCllrina Rond. ve He/iolhis viriplaca (Hufn.); bakladaLiriomyza trifolii Burg., Bruchus tUfimanus Sch., Llxus algi,us L. ve Olkemizi9in ilk kaYlt olan Cnephasia chrysanlheana Oup. ile DtNoceras subagreste(Simroth.); bezelyede Pbytomyza hOtticolaGour., ACyrihosiphonpisum(Harris);fasulyede Acanlhoscelides obtectus Say., borOlcede Lampides boeticusRbr., Etiella zincktllltlllaTr. ve Cal/osobnJchus maculatus'ur. Yararh b6ceklerdenCoccinella septempunctata L., Adonia varlegataGoeze., Coccinuia gustuon:lecimpustu/ataL.,$cymnusapetziMulsant., o.eocorisserenusO. Sc.ve Triaspis t/lonlCicus Curt. yaygln olarak bulunmu~tur. Bezelyede P. horticolatllnparaziti olarak Chrysocharis gamma (Walk.), Entedon fufius Walker. saptanml~t!r.Yapllan c;ah~malar sonucunda, Mercimek Tohumbocegi B.lentisflin mOcadelesiniesas alacak biyolojik ve ekolojik faktorler belirlenmi~ olup, Ege Bolgesinde Oeltamethrin% 2.5 EC (40 mllda), Cypermethrin (% 25 EC - 40 mllda; % 20 EC - 50 milda), Azinphos-methyl % 20 EC (200 ml/da), Fenvelarate % 20 EC ile c;ic;eklenmeba~langlclnda yapllan tek uygulamanln, zararhmn mucadelesinde ba~arlh oldugusaptanml~tl r. .6orOlcede kapsOl kurtlarlnln ( 1. boeticus, E. zinckene//a)'mn onemli bir baklagilzararhsl oldugu anl~llml~tlr. Her iki zararhnln birarada mucadelesi ile ilgili yapllan9al1~malar sonucunda mucadele zamanl, "ilk c;i9Bk tomurcuklarlnln ba~ladlgl zamandlr.Thiodicarb % 37.5 (160g/100 It su). Cypermethrin % 20 EC (50 ml/da), Oeltamethrin%2.5 (40 ml/da), ve Carbaryl % 5toz (3 kg/da) ile 15 gun arahkh yapllacak2uygulama etkili olmu~tur.• Zirai Mucadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsOBornovaliZMiR42

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE IMPROVING OF THE CONTROL METHODS ON THE PESTS, OF THE EDIBLE LEGUMES IN ORDER TO PRODUCE CROP FOR EXPORTING IN AEGEAN REGION Neblle KAVA*Pervin HINCAL*This research work was carried out within the years of 1984-1989 in order to determinebeneficial and harmful fauna of the edible legumes, their biological features,damage and to improve the control measures of those are economic importance. Asfor the·results of survey works several harmful species namely BruchU$lentisFrohl.and Sitona crinitus Herbst. on lentil, LiriomyzscicerinaRond. and Heliothis virip/aeaHufn. on chickpea, Uriomyzs trifolii Burg., Bruchus rufimanus Sch. LimBa/giNsL.,Cnephasia chrysantheana Dup. (first record for TOrkiye), DerocerassubSgmste(Simroth) (first record for TOrkiye) on brood-bean Phytomyzs horticoIaCour.,Acyrlohsiphonpisum(Harris) on pea, Acanthoscelides obtectusSay. on bean and Lampides boeticus Rbr. Etiella zinckenella Tf. Callosobruchusmacu/atus on cowpea were determined, Among the beneficial insect species.Coccinella septempunctata L., Adonia variegataGoeze., Coccinula guatuordecimpustulataL., Scymnus apet.tiMulsant.,Dereocoris serenus D. Sc. TtiaspisthoracicusCart were found widely spread. Chrysocharisgamma(Walk.),Pnigalis agraules (Walk.) and Entedon fufius Walker. were found as the parasitesof P. horticola on peas.Biological and ecological factors were found to be effective in the control of B./entis and as for the results of chemical experiments it was found that aSingle applicationmade at the beginning of flowering period with Deltamethrin % 2.5 EC (40 milda), Cypermethrin (% 25 EC - 40 ml/da - % 20 EC -50 ml/da), Azinphos-methyl % 20EC (200 ml/da), Fenvelarate % 20 EC (30 ml/da) waS effective. Lima bean pod borer(L. boeticus and E. zinckenella) were determined as one of the important pests ofthe edible legumes.Their contrOlling-period is the early flowering period. Two applications made with15 days intervals with Thiodicarb 37.5 WP (160 g/1 00 It water), Cypermethrin % 20EC (50 mllda) , Deltamethrin % 2.5 EC (40 mllda) and Carbarly % 5 dust (3 kg/da)were found effective against the pests.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~llrma EnslilOsuBornovaliZMiR

DOOU ANADOLU BOLGESiFASULYE TARLALARINDA FAUNiSTiK SURVEY CALI$MALARI Mete AVDEMIR*A. Kadrl SERDAR"Dogu Anadolu Bolgesi'ndeki fasulye tarlalannda bulunan zararh ve faydall bocekve akarlann tOrlerini yaYlh§ a1anlanm ve yogunluklanm saptamak amaci ile 1980-1983Y1l1armda Erzincan, Tunceli, Sivas, GOmO$hane ve Erzurum iIIerinde survey Qall$malarlyapllmll~tlr. Bu illerde yapllan periyodik orneklemeler sonucunda toplam 143 tOrelde edilmi$tir.Zararll tOrler: DeliaplaluraMg., Po/ydrususmustusGern., AdelphocorisIineoIatusGz., Exolygus pratensis L., Exolygus rugulipennis Popp., OrthotyIusmoncreaffiDlg. Sc., UorhyssushyalinusF., Philaenus spumariuslo, Empoast:adecipiensPaoli, Autographsgammalo, He/iolllispeItigeI'BSchif., HeIicovelJ78atmigera(Hbn.), ScotiasegetumSchif., ScotiaipsilonHufn., Vanessacarduilo,Plutella macuJipfJnnisCurtis., Thrips tsbat:, Tlltranychus urticaeKoch.Bu tOrlerden D.pJatul'BbutUn illerde yaygm olarak bulunmul?tur. S. segetumveS. ipsiJontJn sadece Ovaclk'ta ve T. urticaeflin isesadece Erzincan'ln Merkez ilQesindeonemli zararlar meydana getirdigi gozlenmil?tir.Faydah bocekler: Adoniavariegata(Goeze), Coccinula guatuordecimpustulata(lo), Coci:inella Sllptempunctata (lo), Coccinella undecimpuncta~Exochomus nigromBt:Ulatus (Goeze), Propylea guatuorrlecimpunctata (lo),StethOt'Us gi/vifrOns (Mulsant), o/igotsflavicomis Boisd et Lacord., TheriDdiplosispsrsicall Keiffer., MBlanostoma melJinum (L.), Matesyrphus coroJJae(Fabr.), Sphaflt'OPhoria ruppe/II(Wied.), Sphaerophoria scripta(lo), Orius niger(Wolff.),Orius min/IUS (lo), DeratJCOris pallens Rt., Daraecoris serenus,Nabis pseudoferus Rm., Rhinocoris punctivenlris, Pachynourom aphidisBouche, Aphid6l'lCJfrlUS aphldivorus(Mayr.), Aphidiussp., Anysochrysa carnes(Stephens), ScoIDlhrlps Jongicorn/s Priesner.• Ziraj MOcadeJe Ara$tlrma Enstitusu - ERZiNCAN44

SURVEY STUDY ON FAUNA OF BEAN FIELDS IN THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY Mete AYDEMiR*A. Kadri SERDAR*This study which was undertaken to determine the insect and mite fauna of beanfields in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkiye was carried out in Erzincan, Tunceli,Sivas, GOmO~hane and Erzurum province between the year of 1 980-1983. The beanfields were examined and samplings made once a month.The results show that 143 specieses were collected. The 18 specieses are beanpests, the 24 specieses are beneficial and the anothers are injurious on awide varietyof wild and other cultuvated plants.The species causing damage to bean plant were Deliaplatura Mg., PolydrususmustusGern.,AdelphocorislineolatusGz., ExolyguspratensisL., Exolygusiugu!ipennisPopp., OrthotylUS moncreaffiDlg. Sc., Liot1'!yssushyalinusF., Philaenus spumarius L., Empoasca det:ipiens Paoli, Autographa gammaL., Heliothls pe/tigera SChif., Helicoverpa annigera (Hbn.), Scotia segetumSchif., Scotia ipsilon Hufn., Vanessa catrluiL., Plute/Ia maculipennisCurtis.,11Irips tabaCi, Tetranychus urlicae Koch.D. platurawhich caused severe damage someyears was doserved each one ofthe provinces. S. segetum and S. /psi/on are most important pests only in Ovacikcountry of Tunceli. The population ancj damage level of T. urticaewas determinatedis high only Erzincan plain.The beneficial species were Adoilia variegata (Goeze), Cot:cinulaguatuordet:impustulata(L.), Coccinella seplflmpunctata (L.), Coccinel/a undecimpunctata,Exochomus nigtomaculalus (Goeze), PropyJea guatuordecimpunctata(L.), Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant), OIigota flavicomis Boisd et Lacord.,Theritidiplosis persicae Keiffer., Melanostoma mel/inum (L.), MetasYlPhuscol'OlIae(Fabr.), Sphaerophoriaruppelli(Wied.), Sphaerophoriascrip- .ta(l.). Oriusnlger(Wolff.), Oriusminitus(L.), DerallCOlispallensRt., Daraecorisserenus, Nabis 'pseudoferus Rm., Rhinocoris punctiventri&y PachynoutOmaphidis Bouche, AphidencyrlUS aphidiVOl'UlJ (Mayr.), Aphid/ussp., Anysochtysacarnes (Stephens), Sco/othrips longicomis Priesner.• Zirai Mucadele Arao;;tlrma EnstitOsUERZiNCAN45

ERZiNCAN iLiNDE FASULYELERDE ZARARLI OLANTOHUM SiNEGi (DELIA PLATUf?1) MG.) (DIP.:ANTHOMYIIDAE)'NE KAR$I ETKILI OLABILECEKiLAC;LARIN ARA$TIRILMASIMete AYDEMiR*A. Kadri SERDAR*Bolgemize bagh fasulye ekili~ alanlannda Tohum sinegi (Delia platura Mg.(Dip.: Anthomyiidae) yaygtn olarak bulunmakta ve bazl Yillar onemli zararlar meydanagetirmektedir. Bu nedenle bu zararllya kar~1 etkili olabilecek ilac;;lan saptamak amaciile 1982ve 1983Ylllannda tohum ilac;;lamasl denemesi yapllml~tlr. DenemelertesadOfbloklan deneme desenine gore 3 tekerrOrlO olarak yapllml~tlr. Denemede kullamlanBasl!din 20 Em (1 cc), Thiodan 35 WP (4 gr), Lindamin 25 WP (12 gr), Dursban 4 (7,5cc) ilac;;lan ilk YII yapllan denemede slrasl ile % 90.83; 82.99; 92.79 ve 94.23 oramndaetkili bulunmu~ sadece Lindamin 25 WP'nin fitotoksik etkide bulundugu tespit edilmi~tir."ikinci YII yapllan deJ;1emede ise Lindamin 35 WP'nin iki dozu (10 gr ve 12 gr) ileDursban 4 ve Thiodan 35 WP ilac;;lan fitotoksik etki gosterip fasulye C;;lkl~lannl slrasl ile% 24.27; 22.07; 17.13 orantnda engellemi~lerdir. Basudin 20 EM'nun iki dozu (1 mlve 1.2 ml) ile yapllan fitotoksite denemesi sonucunda bu ilacln fasulye C;;lkl~ma onemlibir etkide bulunmadlgl gorOlmO~tOr.Bu nedenlerle fasulyelerde bu zararliya kar~1 Basudin 20 Em'nun 1 kg tohuma 1cc preparat dozunun tavsiye edilebilecegi kamsma vanlml~tlr.* Zirai MGcadele Ara:;;tlrma EnstitGsU - ERZiNCAN46

CHEMICAL TEST AGAINST SEED CORN MAGGOT (DELIA PLA TURA (MG» WHICH IS HARMFUL FOR BEAN SEEDLING IN ERZINCAN PROVINCE Mete AYDEMIR"A. Kadrl SERDAR"Seed corn maggot (DellaplaturaMg) exists widespread in bean growing areasin our province and:it..s;reates serious damages in some years.For this reason ,experiments related with chemical treatment of seeds nave beencarried out in the years 1982 and 1983 in order to determine the chemicals whichmight be effective against the seed corn maggot. Experiments were made in 3 repetitionaccording to the randomized block desing. The extend of the effectiveness of thechemicals as Basudin 20 EM (1 cc), Thiodan 35 WP (4 g), Lindamin 25 WP (12 g),Dursban 4 (7.5 cc) used during the experiments in the first year, were found to be:9O.83°A" 82.89%, and 94.23 %. Only Lindamin 25 WP were determined as having fitotoxiceffect.Wl)ile in the experiment carried out in the second year chemicals as Lindamin25 WP (2 doses; 10 g and 12 gr); Dursban 4 and Thiodan 35 WP showed fitotoxiceffect and prevented the growth of bean peedling in the rates as 24.27 %, 22.07%. As aresult of the fitotoxicity experiment made with 2 doses (1. cc and 1.2 cc) of Basudin20 EM. it was seen that this chemical had no important effect on the growth ofbeen.As aresult, it is concluded that 1cc doseof Basudin 20 EM for 1 kg of seed can beadvised against this pest... Zirai MOcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsO - ERZiNCAN47

DOOU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE KORUNGA VE YONCALARDA ZARARLI OLAN ~ADIR TlRTILI. (CYMBALOPHORA PUDICA ESP) UZERINDE ON··C;ALI$MALARMete AYDEMIR- A. Kadrl SERDAIr Cevdet KA YA- Halll DUNDAR-Dogu Anadolu Botgesj'nin Kars, Agn, Erzurum ve Erzincan iIIerinde Cadlr Mill(CymbalophOr/IpudicaEsp.) (Lep.: Arctiidae )'nin yayth$t, yogunlugu ve Konukc;ulanmtespit etmek amaci ile 1986-1988 Yillannda bu c;all$ma yurutUlmu$tUr.Bu iIIerin korunga ve yonca ekili$ a1anlan fazla alan ilc;eler ve bu ilc;eleri temsiledecek farkh yonde bulunan koylerdeki tarlalar ve meralar kontrol edilmi$tir.. Yaptlan c;:a11$malar sonucunda, bu zararhnln Erzincan'da bulunmadlgl, Erzurum'darsesadece HintS ih;esinde dU$uk yogunluktaoldugu gorulmu$tUr. Kars veAgn'daise birdekar.oa 1-20 c;:adlrve bir eadlrda26-400 larvasaYllmll~tlr. Ayncac;adJrl terkeden larvalann yogunlugu 1-5 larva/m2 olarak tespit edilmi§.tir.Cah§\malarda, bu zararllnln Korunga (OnobtyChis sativa), Yonca (Medicagospp.), OcgOI (Trifolium spp.), Kazayagl (Chsnopodium album), 81g Irkuyrugu(Verbascum spp.), Aynk: «(Agropyron rtJP81W), mera bitkileri, Graminae'de beslendigigorOlmO$tOr.Gene larvalann c;:adlrlar ieindetopl u olarak beslendig i ve dahaileri larva donemlerindeise c;:adlrlan terkederek zararlt oldugu gozlenmi$tir.Bu zararhya kar$t mOcadelede, larvalann eadtrlar ieinde toplu olarak bulunduklandonemde yapllacak olan mekanik mOcadele ile zararhmn kontrol alMa allnabilecegikanlslna varllml$tJr.* Zirai MOcadele Ar

PRELIMINARY WORKS ON TENT CATERPILLAR(CYMBALOPHORA PUDICA ESP~) DAMAGED ONSAINFOIN AND ALFALFA IN THE EAST·ANATOLIA REGIONMete AVDEMIR* A. Kadrl SERDAR* Cevdet KAVA* HaUl DONDAR*This survey was carried out in order to determine the distribution, density andhost ofTent caterpillar ( CymbalophQll"apudicaEsp.) (Lep.:Arctiidae) in Kars, Agn,Erzurum and Erzincan provinces of East Anatolia Region, between the years of 19861988. .. Fields and pastures in the towns of the provinces having large areas of alfalfa andsainfoin growing fields or in the villages at different locations representing such townshave been controlled.As a result of surveys, it was seen that there was. no Tent caterpillar in Erzincanand it was present in Hlnls 'of Erzurum in low density. In Kars and Agn it was countedthat there was 1-20 tentida and 26-400 larvae/tent. Besides that, the density of thelarvae leaving the tent was determined as 1-Slarvae/rn2.In the surveys it was deterr;nined· that the T~nt caterpillar fed of Sainfoin(Onobrychis sa/ivli), Alfalfa (Medicago spp.), Trefoil (Trifolium spp.), Quackgrass (Agropyronrepen$j, Goose foot (ChenopodiumaJbum); Mullein( V.,ba,s..cumsp.), plants of pasture and Graminae.It was observed that young larvae stayed together in the tent and that mature larvaeleft the tentIt is concluded that amechanical control is successful when the young larvae stayedtogether io.tents.* Zirai MGcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsu - ERZiNCAN49

c. ENDUSTRi VE sus BiTKiLERiZARARLILARIINDUSTRIAL AND ORNAMENTAL PLANT PESTS

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGEsiNDE PAMUK ZARARLILARINA KAR$I ENTEGRE MUCADELE DUZENiNiN YERLE$TiRiLMESi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR ,. KARAAT· M.A. GaVEN· c. MART·Guneydogu Anadolu Belgesi pamuk alanlannda zararhlara ka~1 entegre mucadeleduzenini yerle§tirmek amaclyla cah§malar Diyarbaklr, Mardin, ~anlturfa \('e Adlyamanillerinde 1984 -1989 Yilian arasmda yurOtOlmO§tOr.Bu'call§malar sonucunda. beige genelinde zararltlar ile dogal dO§manlar arasmdakidogal dengenin var oldugu. bu nedenle zararltlara kar§1 kimyasal mucadelede seCici ilaclarm tavsiye edilmesi, zararh lepidopterlerin populasyonlannm tahminlerindecinsel ~kici ve 1§lk tuzaklarrntn yaygm bir §ekilde kuUanllmasl gerektigi, Bozkurt (Agrotisspp:)'lara kar§l,tohum ilaQlamalarmm enerilmemesi, alt belgelerde seGilecektarlalarda uygulama ekiplerince periyodik saYlmlann kesintisiz sOrdOrOlmesinin entegremOcadele 98h§malanntn temeJini olU9turacagI kanlsma vanlml§tlr.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstittisO - DiYARBAKIR52

STUDIES ON SETTING UP THE INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) SYSTEM AGAINST THE COTTON PESTS IN SOUTHEAST ANATOLIA " KARAAY"M.A.GOVEN"C.MART"The studies on setti ng up the integrated pest management (IPM) system agai nstthe cotton pests was conducted in Diyarbaklr, $anllurfa, Mardin and Adlyaman provinces,between 1984-1 989.As a result of these studies, iUs determined that there is generally a natural balancebetween pests and natural enemies, the natural enemies must be consideredbeforerecommendig ofthe chemicals. In addition to this, spesific chemicals must berecommended as far as possible, pheromone and light traps need to be commonlyused for pupaliton assesment of harmful lepidopterous, seed applications againstAgrotis spp. have not to be recommended.The application teams was formed for counting the pests and natural enemies ineach provinces. This system is very important to prevent unnecessary chemical applicationagainst the pest. For that reason, the studies on the improvement of the forecaStingand warning system must be begin as well as to let continue the periodical countingsin the cotton areas by these teams.• Zirai MOcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsODiyARBAKIR53

HA$HA$ KOKKURDU (CEUTHORRHYNCHUS DENTICULA TUS SCHRK.) (COL: CURCULIONIDA~'NUN DEGI,iK YOGUNLUKl..ARININ HA,HA, KAPsULUNDEKi TOHUM AGIRLIGI iLEYAG VE MORFiN MiKTARLARINA ETKiLERi UZERiNDE ARA,TIRMALAR Hurlye ZEKi" Yayla ONE,xx Cevdet ZEKI"Nedlm c;OBAN" Ismail TOK ....Bu cahl?mada Hal?h~ kokkurdu (CeuthOrrhynchus denticulatus(Schrk.)'nun h~hal? kapsulundekl tohum aglrhgl lie yag ve morfinmiktarlan Ozerineolabilecek etkileri ara$tmlmll?tlr. Call1?malar 1988 ve 1989 Yillannda Afyon Merkez 11cede yOrOtUlmOl?tUr.1988 Ylhnda Oc ve 1989.Yllinda dart ayrt hal?h~ tarlaslnda ilaclt ve ilaQSlz olmakOzere Yillara gore siraslyla 300 f'l'Y! ve 500 rn2'lik alanlar saYlm Oniteleri olarak aynlmll?tlr.ilaclamaya 1988 Ylhnda 16 Mart, 1989 yllirlda 13 Nisan'da b~lanmll? ve ilk ilacla- .madan 7-8 gun sorira ikinci ilaclamayapllmll?tIr. ilaclamada birinci YII Malathion 60 Em,ikinci YII Komithion 50 EC iiaci kullahllrnll?tir. Ergin ve larvasaYImlarl1988 Yllindaslra~slyla:25-26 Nisan ve 25-26 MaYls, 1989 Ylhnda ise 2-3 MaYls ve 25-26 MaYls'dayapllml~tlr.Elde edilen bulgulara gore, Hal?hal? kokkurdu ergin yogunlugunun m 2 'de ortaJama10.01 (2.4-35.6) adet oldugunda bu zararhnln hal?hal? kapsUiunde tohum aglrhglile yag ve morfin miktarlanm etkilemedigi bulunmul?tur... Zirai MOcadele Ara!?tlrma EnstitOsu - ANKARA... T.M.O. Genel MOdOrlOgO ANKARA54

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DENSITIES OF POppy ROOT WEEVIL (CEUTHORRHYNCHUS DENTICULATUS SCHRK.) (COL: CURCULIONIDAE) ON SEED WEIGHT, OIL AND MORPHINE AMOUNTS IN POPPYHEADS HUriye ZEKi" Vayla ONE~"" Cevdet ZEKi·Nedim COBAN"Ismail TOK··The effects of poppy root weevil (Ceutho"hynchus denticuJatus(Schrk.) onseed weight and oil and morphine amounts in poppyheads have been investigated inthis study. The studies have been carried out on poppy growing areas in Afyon in 1988and 1989. Three and four poppy fields were chosen in 1988 and 1989 respectively.Each field was divided in two parts as counting units. One part of the counting unitswas treated, the other was untreated. Spraying was begun on 16 march 1988 and 13April 1989. Second spraying was done 7-8 days after first spraying. Malathion 60 Emand Komithion 50 EC were used as insecticides in 1988 and 1989 respectively. Adultand larva countings were done 25-26 April and 25-26 May in 1988; 2-3 May and 25-26May in 1989 respectively ..As result of the data, this pest was found not to effect on the seed, oil and morphineamounts when adultdensity of poppy root weevil was average 10.01 (2.4-35.6) individuals/m2 • .• Zirai MOcadele Ara9tlrma EnsititOsO - ANKARA•• T.M.O. Genel MOdOrlOgO ANKARA55

HA$HA$ EKiM ALANLARINDA BULUNAN VAPRAK BITLERI (APHIS FABAESCOP. VE ACYRTHOSIPHON ILKA MORD.)'NiN FARKLI POPULASVONLARDAKI VOGUNLUKLARININ HA$HA$ KAPsOLUNDEKi MORFiN ORANIVE TOHUM AGIRUGI1LE VAG ORANINA ETKILERi~iN ARA$TIRILMASI SOhe,la ZOMREOGLU'"Nilket AKBULUT'"Yaprakbitleri i1eh~h~ kapsOiOndeki tohum aglrllgl. yag ve mortin miktarlan araslndabir ili~kinin bulunup bulunmadlglnl. aral?tlrmak amaci ile 1988 ve 1989 yillanndaUl?a~'ili Merkez ih;:ede Qalll?malaryapllml~ttr. Bu amaQla 1988Ylllnda3ve 1989Yllindada6 ayn ha~h~ tariasl seQilmil? bu tarlalarda ilaQl1 ve ilaQSlz olmak Ozere birer dekarllkalanlar saylm Oniteleri olarak aynlmll?tlr.S!Wlmlar 1988 Yllinda 16 MaYls, 1989Yllinda 11 Mayls tarihinde bal?laml~, haftahkarahklarla hasat sonuna dek devam etmi~tir. SaYlmlar her saylm Onitesinin b~ aynyerinde onar bUl'a§lk bitkide yapllnil~, 1988 Ylhnda her bitkinin birer, 1989 Ylhnda daOQeryaprak va kapsulunde bulunancanh nimfve ergin yaprakbitleri saYllml~tlr. Hasatsonuna kadar her iki Yllda da en Qok 2 ilaclaina-yapllml~, ilaQlamalarda Malathion 20Em iiaci kullanllml§tlr.~Ide edilen bulgulara"gore, yaprakbiti saYlsl ile tohum aglrllgl, yagve morfin oranlarlarasmda negatif bir lIi~ki bulunmul? yaprakbiti saYlsl arttlkca tohum, yag ve morfinmiktarlannda azalmalar meydana gelmi~tir. Yaprakbiti yogunluklarl ile toplam parasaldegerler araslnda bulunan ili~kiye 'bagh olarak ekonomik zarar e~igi, yaprak b~lna or ~talama 84.55 yaprakbiti olarak saptanmll?tlr.• Zirai MOcadele Aratltlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaliZMiR56

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT POPULATION DENSrnES OF APHIDS (APHIS FABAE SCOP. AND ACYRTHOSIPHON ILKA MORD.) ON OIL, MORPHINE ~MOUNTS AND SEED WtElGHT IN POPPYHEADS ON POppy GROWING AREAS SUheyla ZOMREOGLU*NOket AKBULUT*The effects of different population densities of aphids on oil, morphine amonuntsand seed weight in poppyheads have been investigated on poppy growing areas inU§ak in 1988 and 1989. Three and six poppy fields was chosen in 1980 and 1989 respectively.Each field was divided in two parts as counting units. One partofthe countingunits was sprayed, the other was left untreated.Gountings were begun on the 16 of May in 1988 and 11 of May in 1989 and continuedweekly until the end of the harvest. Alive nimph and adult aphids were countedon one and three leaves and poppy heads of 10 infected poppy plants found on 5 differentparts ofthe counting units in 1988 and 1989 respectively. Maximum two chemicalapplications were done until the end of harvest in both years. Malathion 20 EM wasused as chemical compound.As for the results, anegative correlation was found between the aphid populationand the seed, oil and morphine amo,unts. There were decreasing in the amount of seed,oil and morphine as the number of aphids were increasing. In correlation betweenthe aphid population and the prices of the seed, oil and morphine, the economicalthreshold was found 84.55 individuals/leaf.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaliZMiR57

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGEsi AYCiCEGi(HEUANTHUSANNUUSL) EKiM ALANLARINDAGORULEN ZARARU VE FAYDALI BOCEKLERUZERiNDE FAUNiSTiK CAU$MALARHurlye %EKI'"Yayla ONE,'"OrtaAnadolu 80lgesi ayciGegi ekim aJanlanndazararll vefaydaJl bocek faunaslnlsaptamak amaclyla yapllan bu s:all§ma, 1985-1987 Yilian araslnda Ankara, Konya ve .Nigde iIIerinde yurUtUl mu§tur. Ornekler her ilin 3-4 il

FAUNISTIC STUDIES ON HARMFUL AND BENEFICIAL INSECTS ON SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA Huriye ZEKI*YaylaONEf*This study has been carried out in Ankara, Konya, and Nigde between 19851987 in order to determine harmful and benefical insect fauna on sunflower growingareas in Central Anatolia Samples were collected from 3 or 4 counties of each province,3 vii/ages of each county and 1 or 2 fields of each village.Each field was examined at different stages; seedling, branching and matu ri ng ofthe sunflower. Insects were collected by examining different plant part~,digging upthe soii around the roots of the plants and sweeping on the plants.In this study, 27 different species belonging to the order of Thysanoptera, Homoptera.Coleoptera, Heteroptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera as harmful insects;34 different species belonging to the order of Coleoptera,Heteroptera, Neuroptera,Diptera and Hymenoptera as beneficial insects have been identified on sunflower.* Zirai MOcadele Ara.'itlrma EnstitUsO - ANKARA59

D. MEYVE VE BAG ZARARLILARI FRUIT AND VINE PESTS

IZMIR VE MANlsA ILLERI MEYVE RDAN VE AGA~NDA ZARAH YAPAN MANAS (COLEOPTERA:SCARABAEID~ LAR'f~NIN KiMYASAL SAVA$IMI. , 'OzERINDE ON CALI$MALARO.rhan UI..U"Ar~tJrfnalar. 1~1989 Yillan arasmda meyve fidan ve aga9lannda zarar yapanmanaslann l ,

,INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CHEMICAL,~NTROL OFSCARABAEID GRUBS (COLEQPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)WHICH ARE HARMFUL ONiFRUIT NURSERIES ANDTREES IN iZMiR AND'MANisA PROVINCES :Aynur ONUC;AR'",'''Oman ULU'"Investigations was carried out within the yearspf 1983-1989 to find put the flightyears, tohave'abetter understanding on tl)e laNal behaviou~ into the soil to determinethe most effective' chemical control time 'and insectiCides agair'lsftne grubs fOl.md infruit nurseries and' orchards.' ' :" '" '" " ",.'"The studies done,in ~'peaCh orchard in M8njsa-~Ii(DOmb~;h) showe~ thatthe main species was POfyphylJa '(ulkmenDgIuJPetr.. Coi.intings aimed tof~ndoutthe flight years of tbis pest were done in the same 0rc'hard and the odd numbered yearssuch as 1985 and 1987 were found to be flight years", i :In order to have an understanding on'rarVqrbeh~vio~r:S'Oil samples of 1'0 ,emdepth were taken t:>y aspade at 15 mtervals and "the numbers and Stages oUantae inthe various soil depthS were recorded. At the end of these studies, it was ob"servedthat these larvae prefered sandy 10,am soil and when tlie sb[ tempe~atur¢ w~C,1 &p2.,0 in 20 cm depth, tM grubs were fbund Tn 3-30 cm soil depth ans.llarval aGtivitygenerallybegan in the mid of march. ,', , . " > , •No satisfactory result Vv:ru?'achieved wittiChemioa:ls.i,rl the lietd conditions becauseof variations of the Iar\lal distribution and moveri1ent into tbe SO~, Therefore chemicaltests were conducted in 1.0 X 1.0 xO.8m concreted plot inlhe-exper4mental areaof our Institute. Sandy loam sail were, placed and youry9 tre~s Wef-e plarit!3d in theseplots and the plots were ihrested by plaCing f3Rualnumber of U:lO.iae COllected.infestedareas, then chemicals were tested. As aresOn'of!hElsastudies,'it has been found thatendosOlfan (Thiodan 35 WP) ahd,chlbrpy'rifcS ~tliyt (pYrfnex'25 w.P) were effectiveagainst sqlrabeid grubs at the rate of 8 glm2 and 15 91m2 p~r tree respectively,, ,.'• Zirai Mlicadele Ar~lIrma EnstitOsO - BomovaliZMiR '63, {

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE ARMUT AGACLARINDAZARAR YAPAN ARMUT PSiLLiDi (CACOPSYLLA PYRI L.)(HOMOPTERA: PSYLLlDAE)'NiN KiMYASALMOCADELESi OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALARCevdet ZEKI* AlIOKUL* HOseyin BULUT*Tuncer ~EVIK*Bu cah§ma, 1985-1988 Yillan araslnda Nigde, Ankara ve Konya'daki cirmut bahcelerindeyOrOtOlmO§tUr. Denemeler tesadOt bloklarl deneme desenine gore, 1985ve 1986Ylllannda 6 karakter, 1988 Ylhnda5 karakterve 4 tekerrOrlO olarak kurulmu§, 9agac 1 parsel olarak ahnml§tlr. Her parselde 2 agac saYlmagael olarak secilmi§tir.ilaclama, zararhmn cogunlukla ikinei ve OcOneO donem nimflerinin gorOldOgO zamandave bir deta olmak Ozere, Nigde'de 12.6. 1985, Ankara'da 29.5.1986 ve Konya'da10.0:1988 tarihlerinde yapllml§tlr. SaYlmlarda 0-6 skala yontemi uygulanml§ vedegerlendirmelerd~ Tilton-Henderson formOIO kullanllml§tlr.Deeis (R) 2.5 EC ilaclamadan 14 gOn sonra, zararhnrn nimflerine1985 Yllinda %99.47; Trazam 1985Yllinda %99.94, 1986Ylhnda % 99.87; Gusathion20Em1985YIlinda% 99.52; Imperator 1986 Ylhnda % 98.52; Suprathion 40 EC 1986 Yllinda %99.49, 1988 yllrnda % 99.23i K. Sumieidin 20 EC 1986 Ylhnda % 99.03, 1988 Yllinda% 99.32; Zolone 35 EC 1986 Ylhnda % 99.48, 1988 Ylhnda % 99.29; Komithion 501985 Ylhnda % 61.85; Dursban 4 1985 Ylhnda % 57.12 oramnda etki gostermi§tir.Busonuclaragore, Decis(R)2.5EC(%0.05), Trazam(%0.3), Gusathion20Em(%O.2),lmperator(% 0.02), Suprathion40 EC (% 0.1), K. Sumicidin20 EC(% 0.03)ve Zolone 35 EC (% 0.2) ilaclanmn zararllyakar§t kullanllabilecegi kanlsrna vanlml§tlr.* Zirai MOcadele Ar

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROLOF PEAR PSYLLIDS (CACOPSYLLA PYRI L.)(HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) HARMFUL ON PEARTREES IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION'Cevdet ZEKi* Ali OKUL* Hilseyin BULUT*Tuncer C;EViK*This experiment was carried out in pear orchards in Nigde, Ankara and Konyafrom 1985 to 1988. The experiments were set up according to randomised block designwith 6characters in 1985 and 1986, 5characters in 1988 and 4replications. 9 treeswere accepted as a parcel. In each parcel 2 trees were choosen for countings.The spray was applied in Nigde 12.6.1985, Ankara 29.5.1986 and Konya10.6.1988 when the insect was the stage of the second and third nymph. 0-6 scalemethod was used in countings and the results were obtained by using Tilton-Hendersonformula.According to the results the effectiveness of the chemicals on 14th day after treatmentrespectively were 99.47 % in 1985 for Decis (R) 2.5 EC; 99.94 % in 1985,99.87 % in 1986 for Trazam; 99.52 % in 1985 for Gusathion 20 Em; 98.52 % in 1986for Imperator; 99.49 % in 1986, 99.23 % in 1988 for Suprathion 40 EC; 99.03% in1986, 99.32 % in 1988 for K. Sumicidin 20 EC; 99.48 % in 1986, 99.29 % in 1988 forZolone 35 EC; 61.85 % in 1985 for Komithion 50; 57.12 % in 1985 for Dursban 4.According to the results Decis (R) 2.5 EC (0.05 %), Trazam (0.3 %), Gusathion20 Em (0.2 %), Imperator (0.02 %), Suprathion 40 EC (0.1 %), K. Sumicidin 20 EC(0.03 %) and Zolone 35 EC (0.2 %) can be used against pear psyllids.* Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnslitOsO - ANKARA65

AKDENlz BOLGESI MEYVE AGACLARINDA ZARARU KlRMIZI OROMCEKLERE (ACARINA: TE IRANYCHIDAE) KAR$lILAC DENEMESi Lenan ERKILH;""Comite" (Propargite 79 EC) adh ilac meyve agac1annda zararh k,rm,z, orumceklere(PIfIJOI"I'YC/KI utmiKoch. ve Tetnlnychus wticseKoch.) kar~1 kullanma izniamaclyla denenmi~tir.Deneme Mersin {icel),e bagll Tepekoy'de "Starking" ve erkenci mahalli bir ~ittenkurulu bir elma bahcesinde tesadOf bloklarl desenine gore 4 tekerrurlu olarak du-'zenlenmi~tir. ilaclamabahce tipi motorlu bir pulverizator ile 19.7.1988 gunG yapllml~t,r. ilaclamadan once ve 3, 9, 14 ve 21 gun sonrasaYimlaryapllml~tlr. Bunun jein parsellerdentoplanan 25'eryaprak akar flrQalamaaleti jleflr98.lanml~ ve hareketli donemlerkaydedilmj~tir. ilac1arln etki oranlarJ Tilton-Henderson forrnulune gore bulunmu~tur.ilaclamadan 3, 9, 14 ve 21 gun sonra Comite 75 mllhl dozdaklrmlZI orumceklereslraslyla ortalama %82.80, 80.61 ,88.78 ve 95.69 ve 50 mllhl dozda % 87.43,69.86,93.00 ve 98. 72; kar~lla~tlrrna ilacl Neoron (100 ml/hl) ise 71.97, 90.11, 87.89 ve94.41 oranlannda etkili olm~lardlr.• Zirai MOcadele A~tlrma EnstitOsu - ADANA66

EXPERIMENTS ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RED SPIDER MITES, INJURIOUS ON FRUIT TREES IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION Lerz.. EAKI~·"Comite", a preparation of "Propargite 79 EC" was tested on red spider mites,1'IInonyt:hus utm/K~h. and Tlltrllllyt:hu6 UItIt:IIII Koch., injurious on fruit trees.Experiment was done i[1 Mersin (lQel)/Tepekby on "Starking" and local earlyvareityof apple orchard for registration. Randomized blockdesign was used with 4 repli~cation. Chemicals were sprayed by an Qrchard type high volume sprayer on19.7.1988. Countings were done on the mdbile stages just before and 3, 9, 14 and 21days after the application. In each plot 25 leaves were collected and brushed with themite-brushing equipment. Efficlen

KARADENlz BOLGEsi ~ALi BAHCELERiNDEKi ZARARULARLA MOCADELENiN yONETiMi OZERiNDE ARAfIlRMALAR Mu.. KI~'"M. Kemal AYKA~'"Bolgemiz meyveciliginde, onemli biryeri olan $eftali yetj~tirjciliginin problemlerindenbiri de zararhlanntn mucadelesidir. Bilinimlerive kritik ilac:,:lama zamanlarda izlenerek birle~tirilmege tJr. Gerektiginde spesifikilac:,:lar kullanllml~tlr. .• Karadeniz Tamnsal Ara:}tlrma Enstitusu - SAMSUN68

IWESTlGATIONS ON THE PEST MANAGEMENT IN PEACH ORCHARDS IN THE BLACK SEA REGION OF TURKEY !/in the ,B'tad< Sea Region pest control is one of the important problems of peachgrowi!filg.. 'The amoftmsstudy was touse new techniques in the control of peach tree~Ynltislly, Ibeneficia!l and harmful peach orchard fauna have been determined byexaminalioo of ~lering prest. visiual control beating method and culturing. In~ study, 140speties!have been determined. Of these species, 30 were beneficial,3to-4 ~ and reJ'1I\Sining sprerctes harmful. This finding has been confirmed by liteI!aUre..Tifle popUlation ~ of Oriental fruit moth (Cyd8mtJIestIi) were monitoredtrypheromt')T:le ~in Sorchards for 2 toyears and data were plotted for each orc:hard meteorological datahave also been in these figures. The population fluctuations'titthe ;~t peach tree pests, sudl as QuadtItS{clit6otusptII'IJidosuI; DiIIspIsJMlIf......$1(1 FF .........,.".....,nwerealsomonitores. The population fluCI.iI'IluarticmJS ur many species were folloved because the samplings made at regular intervalsiin fauna sIuoies.BfeI'.tlve ~ fortim.ing ofspray applications against C, moiestlIweredetermi!l'1led and it:is caIaJiated thai: in the region the number of day-degree requiredm'~1e!I:e a.genElmtion was:s/. Hcan be used in forecasting and warning providedusing accurate ir:Is1rumenls.Threespraying programmes for the chemical control of c'mDlesltlwere carried'out for two years. Among these, 1hespraying programme that the first spraying commenceswhen 400 clay-degrees after the first moth catch and the secont spraying 20days after first one found to be most effective. Implementation of this spraying programmein the practies.Thelesults showed that the control of peadl tree pests based on the control ofkey pest c'1I'IDIIIsIa can be achieved by monitoring the population fluctuations anddenstities of these pest for pest management in peach ordlard. This provides moreeffective and economic pest control.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Araiillrma EnstitOsD -SAMSUN69

DOOU AKDENlz BOLGEsi CILEKLERINDE ZARARLI KlRMIZI OROMCEK (TETRANYCHUS CINNABARINUS BOISD., ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE)'IN KIMYASAL MOCADELE IMKANLARI Abdurntvnan vlCIT"Lerzan ERKILlC;"Dogu Akdeniz Bolgesi cilek alanlannda zararh, klrmlZI orO meek, Tell'lInychus....."..,.Boisd.'un kimyasal mOcadele imk~nlan Ozerinde 1987-1989Ylllan ndaIt8iI,malar yOrOtUlmO,tQr.Bu cah:;;mada Oilekte T. clnlJllbildnus mOcadelesinde tavsiye edilebilecek ozelakarisitler ile erken donemde yapllan bir ilaclamamn mevsim boyunca zararllmn populasyongeli:;;imine etkisi ara§tmlml:;;, aynca adl gecen zararilnm cilek bitkisindekipopulaSyon degi:;;imi ortaya konmu:;;tur.Etkili akarisitlerin belirlenmesi amaclyla yOrOtUlen denemelertesadOf bloklan deseninegore Yillara gore 4-8 karakter ve 4-5 tekerrOrlO olarak dOzenlenmi:;;. 0.3 maraylaOC9~n:;;eklinde "Pocahontas" ce:;;idi oilek dikilmi:;; olan 0.6 mgeni:;;ligindeki yan_yana iki veya Oc seddenin 3 m uzunlugundaki bolOmO bir parsel (yakla§lk 60-90 bitkilparsel) olarak kabul edilmi:;;tir. ilaclamalardaadi baslncll Slrt pOlverizatorO kullanllml:;;tlr.ilaclamalar klrmlZI orOmcek populasyonlannm yOkselmeye ba§ladlgl maYls aylba:;;lannda uygulanml:;;tfr.SaYlmlar uygulamadan once ve 3,7. 14, 21 ve 28 gOn sonra yapllml:;;tlr. Bununicin her parselde 1 0 bitkiden tesadOfen alman bireryaprakClk (1 0 yaprakClk/parsel),tacanh hareketli donem ve yumurtalar kaydedilmi:;;tir. ilaclarm etki oranlanmn hesaplanmasmdaTilton-Henderson formOIO kullanllrru:;;tlr.Denemedeyer alan ilaclarln meyvelerde kallntl durumlarl incelenmi:;;tir. Oteyandanerken donemde ye:;;il meyve tu~umu ba§langlcmda (mart sonunda) yapllan birilaclamanln zararhnm mevsim boyunca populasyon geli:;;mesine etkisi geni:;; parseluygulamasl :;;eklinde yOrOtOlen denep1eler ile ortaya konmu§tur.Sonuc olarak, onceki Ylllarda klrmlZI orOmeegin sorun oldugu Ci lek alanlarmda Cicekve ye:;;il meyve doneminde Oieofol40 EC (200 milhi) • Oioofol40 EC + Tetradifon7.52 EC (150 +-150 ml/hl) veya etkili bir ozel akarisit ile zararhmn mevsim boyuncabaskl a1tlnda tutulabildigi ve bu uygulamanln insan sagllgl aC1slndan gOvenli bir uygulamaoldugu ortaya konmu:;;tur. Mevsim icerisinde klrmlzl orOmcek sorunu C1kmasldurumunda BromopropylateSOO EC (150 ml/hl), Azocyerotin 25 WP(125 g/hl). Oioofol20EC (200 mllhl) veya Oieofol +Tetradifon karl:;;lmlmn T. cinnabatinusmOcadelesindeyeterli etkiler verdigi. aneak ila¢lamadan en az bir hafta sonrasma kadar meyvehasat edilmemesi kanaatma varllml:;;tlr." Zirai Mucadele Ara:?llrma EnstitGsG - ADANA70

STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OFTETRANYCHUS CINNABARINUS BOISD. (ACARINA:TEfRANYCHIDAE), A PEST OF.STRAWBERRY IN TIE EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY Studies were carried out on red spider mite (RSM). TIIIT~ dnn/IIJIitId.",.Boisd. control in strawberry fields in the East Mediterranean Regjon of TUl!1Ic.eybetween 1987 and 1989. The aim of this study was to determine which acaricides c0uld be recommended for control of RSM, and the possibility of ~at an earlyfruit stage to control the mites during the whole season. Experiments werecoodtIcteCin a randomized complete block design with 4 to 8 treatments and 4 to5 repeti1!ioos inthe years of 1987-1989. "Pocanhontas" variety of strawberry planted ~Il in 0.3 mlength in triangle design.Each plot was 3 m length and 0.6 m width with two' or three rows, giviIrlg 00--90plants per plot Applications were done by a knapsack sprayer~th~trlW)zzJeoperated at a pressure of 2-3 bar.Applications were done when the RSM population tend to inaease,atI'J'Te b:egi1!1'ning of May. Samplings took place on six ~ons: once just before \!he appIica1:iooand 3, 7,14,21 and 28 days after the application. At the each sampling, 1OIeatte1Swe>retaken at random from ten different plants in each plot, the mobile stages of mitesand eggs were counted. Corrected mortality data calculated using the HendersooTilton formulaAdditionally some chemicals which used in the experiments were analyzed forresidues on the fruitOn the other hand in early fruit stage experiments. with a large plot design, acaricideswere applied approx. 1 week before fruit ripening when flowers and green fruitpredominated.In condusion, in the fields where RSM a problem, appHcation at an early fruitstagewith Dicofol40 EC (200 mllhl), Oicofol40 EC +T etradifon 7.52 EC (150 +150 milhi) or one of the other effective spesific acaricides could control RSM populationsthroughout the fruiting reason. During the fruiting season if RSM became a problem;Bromopropylate 500 EC (100 ml/hl), Azocydotin 25 WP (125 g/hl). dicofol 20 EC(200 ml/hl) or Dicofol + Tetradifon could control T. ai1I"'.XlSpopulations. Howeverfruits should not be picked sooner than 1 week after application.• lirai MOcadele A~tlrma EnstitOsti - ADANA

E. SUBTROPiKAL BiTKi ZARARLILARI SUBTROPICAL PLANT PESTS

EGE BCLGESi TURUNCGiLLERiNDE ZARAR YAPANTURUNCGiL BEYAZ SiNEGi (DIALEURODES CITRI(ASHMEAD) (HOM.: ALEYRODiDAE)'NiNMUCADELESi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAROrhan ULU*Aynur ON~AR*Ege Bolgesinde Turum;gil beyazsinegi (Dis/eurodes dtri)'nin kl~hk pupalannave 1. dol nimflerine kar~1 yazhk yaglann etkileri ve doz dO~Orme denemeleri izmirMerkez (Narhdere), Bornova, Seferihisar (Orkmez),de 1985-1990 Yilian araslndasatsuma(Citrus unshuiMarc.) mandarina bahcelerinde yOrOtOlmO~tOr.. Denemeler TesadOfBloklan Deneme Desenine gore 8-15 karakterli, 3'er tekerrOrlO olarak aCllml~tlr.Her parselde 15 yaprakta, orta damar boyunca 1 'er cm2'lik 2 degi~ik alanda canh-olObireyler saYllml~tlr. Canh birey adedi veya canh oranlarl Ozerinden Abbott formOIO iledegerlendirme yapllml~tlr.Yazhk yaglann normal dozlarlnln D. citrikl~hk pupalarlna etkilerini saptamak iCihyapllan call~malarda Volk 92 ve Triona 2 (2000 mll1 00 I su) ortalama % 100; Porka)1(2000 ml/1 00 I su) % 99.77; Opron (1500 ml-1200 ml/1 00 Isu) slraslyla % 99.66, 0)'099.51 oranlarlnda ve istenen etkinin (% 95.00) Ozerinde etkili bulunmu~lardlr. DolldO~Orme call~malarlnda ise; kl~ mevsiminde (pupa % 95.00-97.00, 3. donem nimf(N3) % 3.00 - 5.00) yapllan denemelerde Opron'un500 ml/1 00 Isu, Triona2'nin 60Pm1/100 I su; yaz mevsiminde (1. dol nimflere ka~l, dogada ilk N3 nimfleri gorOIOnce)aCllan denemelerde ise Opron'un 400 mll1 00 I su, Triona2'nin 200 ml/1 00 I su dozlanda % 95'in Ozerinde etkili bulunmu~ ve pratige verilmi~tir.* Zirai MOcadele A~tlrma Ensti\OsO - BornovaliZMiR74

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CONTROL OF QTRUS WHITEFLY (DIALEURODES CITRI (ASHMEAD) HOM.: ALEYRODIDAE) HARMFUL ON CITRUS IN AEGEAN REGION OrhanUurAynur ONUCAR*Studies, aimed to find out the effectiveness of mineral oils and lowering the doserate against overwintering pupae and 1st stage nymph of Citrus whitefly, were carriedout withifl the years of 1985-1990 in satsuma mandarin (Ci1Iv5 unshuiMarc ..) orchardsinIzmir-Merkez (Narltdere), Bornova, Seferihisar (Urkmez). Experiments havebeen designed with 8-15 characters and 3 replications by randomized block design.Alive-dead countings were made in 2 different localities of 1cm 2 along the mid-vein of15 leaves for each parcel. Assessments, based on alive induviduals or parcentages,were 'done by Abbott formulaResults reveal that; recommended doses of mineral oils, have showed sufficienteffect of 100' % with Volk 92 anctTriona 2 (2000 mill 00 Iwater); 99.77 % with Porkan(2000 mill 00 I water); 99.66 - 99.51 % with Opron (1500-2000 mill 00 Iwater) againstoverwintering pupae of D. citri. For lowering the dose rate: Winter treatments;(95.00 - 97.00 % pupae, 3.00 - 5.00 % 3 rd stage nymph) with Opron at the rate of500/100 I water, Triona 2 at the rate of 600 mill 00 I water and summer treatments(against 1st stage nymph, when the first 3 ~d stage nymph are seen) with Opron attherate of 400 mil 00 I water, Trion:a 2 at the rate of 200 mill 00 Iwater; gave over 95 %control which is readly admisible control and these lover doses are in use... Zirai MOcadele Aralltlrma EnstitOsO - Bornova/izMiR75

ANTALVA iLi TURUNCGiL BAHCELERiNDE APHIDIDAE VE CICADELLIDAE (HOMOPTERA) FAMiLYASI TURLERiNiN TESPiTi VE BUNLARDAN TURUNCGiL ViRUS VE ViRUS BENZERi HASTALlKLARIN VEKTORO OLANLARIN POPULASYON DEGi$iMLERiNiN SAPTANMASI Ahmet OZKAN" Naci TORKYILMAr Kemal ~IFT~I"Antalya Merkez, Alanya ve Kumluca-Finike il~lerinden iii karakterize edebilecek1OQ'er aga9hk iki§er turun9gil bahgesi se9ilmi§tir. Yaprakbitleri sOrgOn saYlml ilesaptanml§tlr. Cicadellid'ier de silkme, san yapl§kan tuzak, 1§lk tuzagl ve atrapla yakalanml§tlr.'Antalya iii turun9gil bahgelerinde Aphididae familyasmdan 3 tOr saptanml§tlr.Bunlar Toxoptera aurantii Boy., Aphis gossypii Glov. ve AU/acorthum solaniKalt. 'dir. Yaprakbitlerine nisan ba§1 haziran ortalanndarastlanml§ olup, populasyonlandaima dO§Ok yogunlukta bulunmu§tur. ilk iki tOr Citrus Tristeza VirOsO (C1V)'nunvektoru olarak bilini r. Ozelli kle A.gossypiidu;:;Ok populasyonla bile yOksek vektorlOkozelligi gosteren bir tOrdOr. Polifag ve yaygln olan A. so/aniflin TOrkiye'de turum;gillerdebulundugu ilk defa bu ~h;:;ma ile saptanml;:;tlr. Bunun 90k taze turungil sOrgOnlerindebazen bulundugu fakat C1V'yi ta;:;lmadlgl kaydedilmi;:;tir.Cicadellidae familyaslndan26 cinse bagh 37 tOr tesbit edilmi§tir. Literature gorestubborn hasallglnln vektorlerinden CirculiferopacipennisLeth., EuscelisplebejusFall. ve Exitianus espicola Stal. bu ~I~mada da saptanml;:;tlr. Bunlardan ozellikleson ikisi yaygln veyogun alan turlerdir. Fakat vektorlOk ybnOyle Ozerinde durulacaken bnemli tOr C. opacipennistJir.• Narenciye Ara~tlrma Enstitlisli ANTALYA76

DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIES OF APHIDIDAE AND CICADE~LlDAE (HOMOPTERA) FAMILIES IN ANTALYA CITRUS GROVES AND MONITORING THE POPULATION FLUCTUATIONS OF THE SPECIES WHICH ARE THE VECTORS OF CITRUS VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES Ahmet OZKAN* Naci TORKYILMAZ* Kemal CiRCi*This study had been carried out in Antalya Center, Alanya and Kumluca-Finikecour;1ties. Two citrus groves-of 1 00 trees that can characterize the province were selectedfrom each county. Aphids were determined by counting the infestetJ shootswhile Cicadellids by shaking, yellow sticky trap, light trap and sweep net.Three species that'belong to Aphididae have been determined at citrus grovesinAntalya province. These species are Toxoptera aurantii Boy., Aphis gossrpiiGlov. and AuJacorthum soJaniKalt. Aphids were found from begining of April to themiddle of the June arid their populations were always low. The first two species areknown as vectors ofthe Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV). Especially A.gossypiiis aspeciesthat shows high vector character even at low populations. A. soJaniwhich is apolifagand widespread species was found as a citrus pest in Turkey for the first time bythis study. It was found out that this species sometimes can be seen on very youngshoots but is not a vector of CTV.Totally, 37 species were determined belonging 26 genus of Cicadellidae family.From these species CircuJifer opacipennis Leth., EusceJis pJebejus Fall. andExitianus capicoJa Stall. are vectors of Stubborn disease according to literature.The last two are widespread and highly populated. But the most important species isC. opacipennis.• Narenciye Ara9tlrma EnstitlisO - ANT AlY A77

TURUNCGiLLERDE ZARARLI DEFNE BEYAZ SiNEGi,PARABEMISIA MYRICAE(KUWANA) (HOM.:ALEYRODiDAE)'NiN ,!ANINMASI, BiYOL.9JiSi, .KONUKCULARI, DOGAL DU,MANLARI VE MUCADELESIOZERiNDE ARA,TIRMALARRabia YUMFlUKTEPE* Abdurrahman YiGIT" Mehtap A YTA~Dogu Akdeniz bol1:Jesi turuncgilierinde ilk kez 1982 Yllinda bir sorim olarak gorulenJapon Defne beyazsinegi, Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana)'nin morfolojisi, biyolojisi,populasyon degi$imi, dogal dU$manlan ve konukculanmn belirlenmesi amaclyla1986-1989 Yillannda call$maJar yapllml$tlr.p. myricaetlln laboratuvarda20, 25 ve 30 + 1 DC sabit Slcakllk ve % 70 + 1 orantillnem $artlannda geli$me sureleri incelenmi$tir. Yumurta, aktif larva, 1. larva, 2. larva,3. larva ve pupa donemi geli$me sureleri 20°C de slraslyla ortalama 7.045; 1.6;4.1; 9.27; 4.4g0n; 25 Q C'de4.8; 1.4; 6.47; 5.79; 2.89 gun; 3O D Cde4.55; 1.2; 5.2; 6.1;2.45 gun olarak bulunmu$tur. . :P.myricaetlln di$i omruve blraktl klan yumurtasaYIsl25ve 30+ 1°Cslcakllklarda,limon ve turuncfidanlan olmak uzere farklriki konukcuda incelenmi$tir. 25 ve 30°Cslcakllkta ergin omra turuncta siraslyia ortalama 8.58 ve 7.60 gun, yumurta saYlsl78.34 ve 104.63 adet; aym kO$ullB:rda limon fidanlannda ergin amra 3.04 ve 7.03 gunile yumurta saYlsl 98.54 ve 95.85 adet olarak belirlenmi$tir.Dogada P. myricaeflin 1986~1987 Yillannda turunc fidanlan Ozerinde en fazla 9nesil verebildigi; dollemsiz olarak cogaldlgl ve erkeklerinin nadiren goruldOgu ortayakonmu$tur.P. myricaeflin dogaJ dU$manlan olarak avcl tOrler, EuseNsrubiniSwirski andAmitai, Deraecoris pal/ens Reut., Anisochrysa carnea Steph., Conwenizia hageniBanks,Clitostethus arcuatus Rossi, Adonia variegata (Goeze), Chilocorusbipustulatus (L.) ve Exoc/JfJmus quadripustu/atus L. belirlenmi$tir.P. myricaeflln asalagl olarak ise Amerika'dan getirilerek uretilen ve bahceleresalimi apllan ErrItmocerus debachiRose saptanml$ ve P. myricae~i baskl aJtlnaalmada onerAli bir etkiye sahip oldugu gozlenmi$tir.Zararllmn konukcusu olarak Citrus tOrlerinden ba$ka Punica granatum? Vilisvinifet'14 MBdura sp., Laurus nobili$, ParlhenQCissus quinquefolia? Rosaspp., Csrya illionensis gibi daha bircok bitki tUra tesbit edilmi$tir.• Zirai Mlicadele Ara11tlrma Enstitlisli - ADANA78

INVESTIGA1"IONS ON MORPHOLOGY, BIOLOGY, HOST PLANTS, NATURAL ENEMIES AND CONTROL OF JAPANESE BAYBERRY WHITE FLY, PARABEMISIA MYRICAE (KUWANA) (HOM.: ALEYRODIDAE) ON CITRUS Rabla VUMRUKTEPE" Abdurrahman vlGtr Mehtap AYTA,"Japanese bayberry whitefly, Parabemisia myricae(Kuwana), as a serious citruspest. was first detected in Eastern Mediterranean region ofTurkey in 1982. Studieswere carried out on morphology, biology. population dynamics, natural enemiesand host plants of the pest in citrus plantations, during the years of 1986-1989.the mean developmental time from egg to adult stage on sour orange was 31.81 ,25.85 and 22.05 days at 20, 25 and 30°C, respectively. The mean longevity of P.myricae adult females was 8.58 and 7.60 days on sour orange and 8.04 and 7.03days on lemon at 25 and 30°, respectively. Mean egg production on sour orange was78.34 and 104.63 eggs per female and on lemon was 98.54 and 95.85 eggs per femaleat 25 and WC, respectively.It was revealed that P. myricae had 9 generations maximal under the naturalcondations during the years of 1986-1987.Male whiteflies were extremely rare, that explained parthenogenetic reproduction.Although a lot of predatory insects were observed feeding occasionally on thewhitefly, it wasn't found any spesific natural enemy of the pest. The most commonpredatory species were: Euseius 'rublni Swirski and Amitai Deraecoris pallensReut., Anisochrysa cameaSteph., ConwentziahageniBanks, ClilostethusarcuatusRossi,Adonia variegata(Goeze), Chilocorus blpustutalus(L.), Exochomusquadrlpustulatus L.Is wasn 'tfound any indigenous parasitoi d species in the region but aspesific parasitoid,Eretmocerus debachiRose, imported from California-U.S.A., was able tosuppress the high pest populations in the region.Besides the Oitrusspp., punicagranatum~ Vilis viniler4 Maclurasp., Laurusnomilis, Parthenocissus quinquefoli4 Rosa spp., Carya illionensis etc.were found as host plants of the pest.* Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsu - ADANA79

EGE BOLGESI ZEYTlNLlKLERINE ZARAH YAPAN ZEYTlN siNEGi (DACUS OLEAEGMEL)'NE KAR$I HAVADAN ULV BAIT-SPRAY TEKNiGllLE DENIME TAlBlKAn vOce PAL.A*Zeytin sinegi (Dacus__Gmel.) zeytin yeti~tiren butOn Akdeniz OlkelerindeoIdugu gibi OIkemizde de ooemli bir zeytin zarartlStdlr. BugOn yerden uygulanan mOcadeleyontemleli b~arlh olmakla beraber, uygulama zorlugu. su temini, i~(:i bulmagOCIOgO ve mevcut ilaclama aletlerinin yetet1i olmamasl gibi nedenleryiizOnden, zeytinsinegi sav~lndan arzulanan dOzeyde fayda saglanamamaktadlr.BUtun bu zorluklar gozonOne almarak bugOn i~n Olkemizde hem ar~tlrma vehernde tatbikat safhSSlnda bulunan, yukarlda 8Qklanan saklncaian bir anda asgariyeindiren ve klsa zamanda COk geni~ alanlarln ilaclanmasmda bOyiik kolayhk saglayanULV Bait-spray teknigi, tatbikata verilmi~ olup 1980 Ylhndan itibaren ba~an ile kullanllmaktadlr.Zeytin sineQine ~I havadan ULV Bait-spray ila

AERIAL APPLICATION BY ULV·BAIT SPRAY TECHNIQUE AGAINST OLIVE FRUIT FLY (DACUS OLEAE GMELlN) WHICH IS HARMFUL ON OLIVE TREES "IN AEGEAN REGION, 'i'URKEY Metln C;AKIC.*VUce PALA*Olive fruit fly is a ~ey pest on olive growing areas in our country as well as in otherolive Mediterranean coOntries. Although the control methods are successful! by groundapplications, there are some troubles such as water shortage, high labouringcost, spraying difficulties and inadequency of spraying equipment; which make theground-spraying hander.Considering all difficulties mentioned above, ULV-bait spray technique whicheliminate, most of the difficulties come across in the field in both experiment and application,i~ able to be applied in the large olive growing areas within shortesttime. It hasbeen succesfully applied since 1980.The experiment was carried out to increase the number of chemicals used byaerialapplication against olive fruit fly on ca40.00091ive trees during 1990. 21t mixtUre(1 It Decis 0.5 % ULV (Deltamethrin) +1It Zi ray (protei n hydrolizate) per hectare weretested by aerial application ?gainst olive fruit fly. 1It mixture «0.2It Chemithion (Malathion95 ULV) + 0.8 It Ziray (protein hydrolizate) per hectare was used as control character.3 application of the 21t mixture per hectare gave 89.2 % effectiveness, whereas1 It mixture per hectare gave 92.5 % effectiveness.As for the result, it was come to the conclusion that 21t mixture (1 It Decis 0.5 %LlLV + 1 It Ziray) may be used by aerial application against olive fruit fly. "No toxic effect was observed. ItoZirai MOcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaliZMiR81

KARADENlz BOLGESI ZEYTIN AGA~NDA ZARAR YAPAN ZEYTIN GWESI (PRAYS OLEAEBERN.)'NfN POPULASYON DEGI$lMI VE ZARAR ORANI OzERINDE ON CAU$MALAR Zeytin GOvesi (",.,.t:/IItNIBBern.) 'nin populasyon deQi§imi ve zarar oranl c;ah§malarISinop'ta3bahc;ede2YII, Gerzede3baht;ede4 YllolmakOzere 1985-1988Ylllanaraslnda yapllmlf~tlr. .Bah

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE POPULATION FLUCTUATION AND EXTENT OF DAMAGE OF OUVE MOTH (PRAYS OLEAEBERN.) CAUSING DAMAGE TO OLIVE TREES IN THE BLACK SEA REGION Studies were carried out in 3 orchards in Sinop for 2 years and in 3 orChards inGer.z:e for 4 years during 1985-1988 to determine the poPu,lation and extent of damageof oliv moth (PnlysDllNleSem.)In the spring the pheromone tr. were hanged in the trees when the pupae ofoliv moth were observed in the orchards. The traps were checked twice a week untilthe first moth is caught; then they were checked weekly. The population cUrves wereplotted based on week\y catches. It is found that the moth activity begins between lateApril and earty May, the pest p~ through 3 generations a year.The extent of damage was determined by examining 25 to 200 leaves, blossomsand fruits. The extent of damage was 23 % in leaves, 78 % in blossoms and 58 % infruits. Apart from this, the stages of the pest were determined by examining the 25plant parts in the visited orchards.It is concluded that pheromone traps are useful for determining the first mothcatchand monitoring the pest populations, and the determination of the extent of damagedone to olive leaves by the pest is needed to predict the damage caused by thesubsequent pest populations and to take control measures against them.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~tlrma EnstiWsu - SAMSUN83

GAZIANTEP ILINDE ANTEPFISTIKLARINDA ZARARLI FlSTIK YAPRAK PSYLLASI (AGONOSCENA TARGIONII LlCHT.)'NIN KIMYASAL MUCADELEsl UZERINDE ARA$11RMALAR M. V...' ~ELlK"Flstlk yaprak psyJlasl (AgonoBCIIMlllt'fIIDniILicht. ),na kar~r uygulamada kullanrlanilat;;larrn dO~Ok doilarlnrn etkilerini belirlemek amaclyla1988-1989yrllanndaGaziantepilinde denemeler yapllml~tlr, Denemeler, tesadOf bloklarl deneme deseninegore 1988 Ylhnda 11 karakterli ve 3 tekrarh, 1989 Ylhnda ise 9 karaJderli ve 4 tekrarholar~gert;;ekle~tirilmi~; ilat;;lama tek uygulamaolarak yapllml~tlr, SaYlmlar, parsellerdekiagat;;lann degi~ik yon ve yOkseklikierinden set;;ilerek altnan toplam 20 yapraktakicanlr nimf ve erginler saYllarak yapllml~tlr.Dellemeler sonucunda EndosOlfan 35, CarbosOlfan 35 ve Fenpropathrin 20 (25mllhl) ilat;;larlntn flstlk yaprak psyllasl mOcadelesi it;;in yeterli etki gostermedikleri belirlenmi~tir.Phosaione 35 Hactnin dO~Ok populasyonlarda 150 ml/hl dozu, yOksek populasyonlardai 70 ml/hl dozu; Fen'propathrin 20 ilaclnln 50 milhi dozu; Deltamethrini1aclnrn 30 ml/hl dozu; Fenvalerate 20 ilaClnrn30ml/hl dozu; EsfenvaJerate 5 ilaClnln40 ml/hl dozu etkili bulunarak tavsiyelere altnmasl uygun gorOlmO~tOr.• Zirai MOcadele Arallltlrma EnstitOsO - ADANA84

STUDIES ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PISTACHIO LEAF PSYLLA (AGONOSCENA TARGIONIIUCHT) INJURIOUS ON PISTACHIO TREES IN GAZlANTEP PROVINCE M.Y.... ~K..Experiments were carried out on efficiency of applications of some chemicals,which were used in practice to pistachio leaf psylla, Agonoscena targkJniiLicht. inthe years of 1988 to 1989 in Gaziantep province.Experiments were set up in randomized block design, 11 treatments with 3 replicatesin 1988 and 9 treatments with 4 replicates in 1989. Alive nymphs and adults werecounted on 20 leaves which were collected from different directions and hights oftrees in each plotAccording to the results, efficiency of endosulfan 35, carbosulfan 35 and fenpropathrin20 (25 milhi) were not sufficient Phosalone was found effective atthe dosageof 150 mil hi and 170 ml/hl at low and high populations respeCtively. Fenpropathrln20, deltamethrin, fenvalerate 20, esfenvalerate 5 were effective at the dosages of 50ml/hl, 30 ml/hl, 30 ml/hl and 40 ml/hl respectively.• Zirai Mucadele Ara:;\tlrma Enstitusu - ADANA85

DOGU KARADENiZ BOLGESi FINDIK BAHCELERiNDE ANOPLUS ROBaRtS SUFR. (COL: CURCULIONIDAE) VE PHYLUS CORYLt L .(HET.: MIRIDAE) BOcEKLERiNiN BivOEKOLOJiLERi VE A. ROBORtS'iN MOCADELE METODLARI OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Mehmet I$IK* A. Ferah YANILMAZ* Sabahat OZMAN* Musa KiLlf;*Flndlklarda zararll olan Anop/us roboris sufr. ve Phy/us cory/i L. bOeekleriuzerindeki call~malar 1985-1989 Yilian arasmda yurutQlmu~tQr.Yapllan call~malardaA. roboris'in Nisan b~lanndayumurtlamaya ba~ladIQI. biray sureyle yum.urta blraktlQI, .yumurtalann kulucka suresinin 10 gun olduQu, infiearoranmln % 70 dolaymda gercekle§tigi, bir di~inin 45 yumurta blraktlgl, larvalann 10gunde 1 0 em uzunlugundagaleri a

RESEARCH THE BIO-ECOLOGY OF ANOPLUS ROBORIS SURF. (COL.: CURCULIONIDAE) AND PHYLUS CORYLI L. (HET.: MIRIDAE) AND THE CONTROL METHODS OF A. ROBORIS IN THE EASTERN BLACK SEA HAZELNUT ORCHARDS Mehmet .,IK* A. Ferah Y ANILMAr Sabahat OZMAN* Musa KILIe;*Studies on Anop/us roboris Surf. and Phy/uscory/iL causing damage to hazelnuthave been carried out between ·1985 and 1989.A. roboris began to egg laying in early April and egglaying period was onemonth. The incubation period of eggs was 10 days, the rate of hatching was about 70%. A female depOSited 45 eggs. The larval development period was 10 days, the larvaemake a gallery in which it develops. Moreover, some data related to pupal period,adult longevity, type and extent of damage of the pest have been obtained by thisstudy. The extent of damage caused by the pest to hazelnut was up to 20 % in somelocalities in Giresun and Trabzon. The adults appears from March into into late May.Adult poulation reached maximum in mid june, then overwintered.A trial was carried out in 1987. Among tested products Thiodan 35 wp gave 100%kill of the adults, while Dimilin 25 wp, Alsystin 25 wp and Thiodan 35 EC gave 100 %kill of the larvae.It is also found that P. cory/iis predator of Mysoco/lis coryliGoeze. Nymphaeof P. cory/iappeared in mid April, while the adults between late May and late June.The winter is passed as egg and there are 5 moltings.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~tlrma EnstitUsO - SAMSUN87

:,".

F. AMBAR ZARARLILARI STORAGE PESTS

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGEsiNDE DEPOLANANHUBUBATTA ZARARLI OLAN KHAPRA BOCEGi(TROGODERMA GRANARIUMEVERTS.)'NiNKiMYASAL MUCADELESi OZERiNDE CALI,MALARNilgiin YA~RAKINCI*Abuzer yOCEL*GOneydogu Anadolu· Bolgesi'nde Khapra bocegi (Trogoderma granariumEverts.),ne kan~1 bo~ ambar denemesinde Metacrifos 50 EC (Damfin 2500 EC)'un100 ve 80 gil00 ITt ve Primiphos-methyl50 EC (Actellic 50 EC) 100 gil00 rn2 dozubeton, kiret;li beton, ah§ap ve t;inko yOzeylerde denenmi§;1 kar§lla:;;tlrma iiaci olarakMalathion 20 EC 125 gil 00 rn2 dozunda kullamlml§tlr. Yuzeyler 15x15 cm boyutlariMaolup her biri bir parsel olarak kabul edilmi§tir. Deneme tesadOf parselleri denemedesenine gore 5 karakterli (3 ilat; + 1 kar§lla:;;tlrma iiaci + 1 tamk) ve 4 tekerrOrluoli3.rakyurOtOlmO§tOr. ilat;h::imadan 14 gun soma beton, kiret;li beton, ah~ap ve 9inkoyuzeylerde Metacrifos 50 EC 100 gil 00 m 2 dozunda 1988 Yllrnda slraslyla ortalama%34.0, %22.0, %94.8, % 79.0, 1989Yllmdaise%46.8, % 39.0, %80.7, %96.9,80gil 00 rn2 dozunda ise 1988 Yllrnda % 12.0, % 7.0, % 73.0, % 16.0, 1989 Yllinda %52.2, % 22.2, % a8.2, % 100.0; Pirimiphos-methyl50 EC 100 gil00 m 2 dozunda1988 Yllinda % 16.0, % 13.0, % 86.3, % 91.0,1989 Ylhnda % 78.1 , % 28.5, % 100.0,% 100,0 oramnda etkili olmu§tur. Metacrifos 50 EC'un 80 gl100 ITt, Primiphosmethyl50 EC'nin 100 gil 00 rn2 dozunda ah§8.p 'Ie 9inko yOzeylerde kullamlmasl uygungorOlmO$tOr.Koruyucu preparat denemesinde Metacrifos 50 EC'un lOve 8 g/t dozu, tesadufparselleri deneme desenine gore 3 karakterli (2 ilat; + 1 tamk) ve 4 tekerrurlO olarakyOrOtOlmu$; 250 cm 3 'IOk kavanozlar bir parseli olu$turmu$tur. ilat;lamadan 6 ay somaMetacrifos 50 EC 10 glt dozunda 1988 Ylhnda % 79.0. 1989Ylhnda % 76.4. 9ift9i ko$ullannda ise % 100.0; 8 glt dozundaslraslyla % 76.0, % 74.0 ve % 85.0 oramnda etkillolmu$tur. Metacrifos 50 EC'un 8 g/t dozunda tavsiyesi uygun gorOlmO$tOr.• Zirai MOcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitOsO - DiYARBAKIR

THE STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL AGAINST KHAPRA BEETLE (TROGODERMA GRANARIUMEVERTS.) HARMFUL TO STORED GRAIN IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA Abuzer yOCEL *The chemicals,'Metacrifos 50 EC (Damfin R 500 EC) at 1 00 and 80 g/1 00m2 dosagesand Primiphos-methyl50 EC (Actellic 50 EC) at 100 g/100 m2 doSage weretested on concrete, limy concrete, wooden, zinc surfaces with the comparison of the125 g/100 m2 dose of the standart product Malathion 20 EC. The dimension of thesurfaces were 15x15 cm and each surfaces accepted as one plot. The experimentwas conducted according to the randomized plot design with 5 characters (3 chemicals-l-1stand art chemical+1 control plot) and 4 replications. The effect of Metacrifos50 EC at 100 g/1 00 m2 dosage was 34.0 %, 22.0 %, 94.8 %, 79.0 % in 1988 and 46.8%,39.0 %,80.7 %, 96.9 % in.1989, and at 80 g/100 m 2 dosage was 12.0 %, 7.0 %,73.0 %, 16.0 %'in 1988 and 52.2. %,22.2 %,88.2 %, 100.0 % in 1989; Primiphosmethyl,50 EC at 100g/100 m2 dosage was 16.0 %,13.0 %, 86.3 %,91.0 % in 1988and78.1 %,28.5 %,100.0 %, 100.0% after14daysonconcrete, limy concrete, woodenand zinch surfaces, respectively, where as the effect of Malathion 20 EC was 75.0%,15.0 %, 100.0 %, 100.0 % in 1988 and 81.6 %, 53.0, %, 100.0 %, 100.0 % in1989. It was considered that Metacrifos50EC at 80 g/100 m2dosageand Primiphosmethyl50 EC at 100 g/100 m2 dosage can-be used on wooden and zinc surfaces.Metacrifos 50 EC at 1 0 and 8 91t dosages were also tested as protective chemicalaccording to randomized plot design with 3 in 250 cm 3 volume, was accepted as oneplot. The effect of Metacrifos 50 EC at 1 0 g/t dosage was 79.0 % in 1988, 76.4 % andin 1989 in the laboratory and 79,0 % in the farmer store in 1989, and at 8 glt dosagewas 76,0 %; 74,0 % and 85,0 %, respectively, after 6 month. It was recommendedthat Metacrifos, 50 EC can be treflted at 8 glt dosage at: protective chemicals.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsLi - DiYARBAKIR91

AMBARLANMI$ TANELi MISIRDA ZARAR YAPANARPA GOVEsi (SITOTROGA CEREALELLAOLlV.) VEPiRiNC Bili (SITOPHILUS ORYZAEL)'NE KAR$IiLAC DENEMESiGOven KlpER*Eraan YASAN*1985 ve 1987 Yillannda Komithion % 3 Dust 133 9 ve 100 9 preparatlton dozlardave mukayese iiaci Koruma Malathion Dust ise SOO 9 preparatlton dozda Arpa gOvesi(Sitotroga cerea/ella Oliv.) ve Pirinc; biti (Sitophilus oryzae L.) ne kar§1 laboratuvardave depo ko§ullarlnda ara§tlrma amaclyla denemeye allnml§tlr.TesadOf parselleri deneme desenine gore 4 karakterli (3 ilac; + §ahit) ve 4 tekerrOrlO'olarak aC;llan laboratuvar denemesinde 1985-1986'da ayllk kontrollara 7. ve1987-1988'de ise 6. aym sonuna kadar devamedilmi§tir. TesadOf blokran denemedesenine gore 4 karakterli (3 ilac; + §ahit) ve 4 tekerrOrlO olarak aC;llan depo denemesindeise gerek 1985-1986 ve gerekse 1987-1988'de ayllk kontrollara ilac;lamadan89ma 12. aym sonuna kadar devam edilmi§tir. .1985 Yllinda aC;llan laboratuvar denemesinde Komithion % 3 Dust 133 9 preparatltondozda ve mukayese ilaci Koruma Malathion Dust 2, ilac;lamadan soma 5 ay Pirinc;bitine % 70'in Ozerindeetkili olmugtur. ArpagOvesine Koruma Malathion Dust 2ilacl6. ayln sonuna kadar % 70'in Ozerinde, Komithion % 3 Dust ise bir ay soma biledO§Ok etkili olmu§tur. 1987 Ylhnda preparatlar daha dO§Ok etki gostermi§tir.Depo kogullannda 1985-1986'da Komithion % 3 Dust 133 9 preparatlton dozda12 aysOreyle ArpagOvesine % 95'in ve Pirinc; bitine % 9Tnin, 100 9 preparatltondozda ise 11 ay sOreyle slraslyla %90'mn ve % 95'in Ozerinde etkili olmu§tur. Mukayeseiiaci Arpa gOvesine 12 ay, Pirinc; bitine ise 11 ay sOreyle % 95'in Ozerinde etkigostermi§tir. 1987 Ylhnda tekrarlanan denemede preparatlar hemen hemen aym sonucuvermi§tir.Sonuc; olarak preparatlar laboratuvar denemelerinde etkisiz olmalanna ragmendepo kUgullannda yOks~k etkili bulunmu§tuJ. D09al ko§ullarda yapIIan denemelerinlaboratuvar denemelerine OstOnl OgOnQ ve depo denemelerinde preparatlann 2 Yll etkiliolduklannl goz onOne alarak Komithion % 3 Dust ilaclnln 133 9 preparatlton dozdadane mlslrda Arpa gOvesi ve Pirinc; bitine koruyucu preparat olarak tavsiye edilecegikanlsma vanlml§tIr.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~\lrma EnstitUsuSAMSUN92

CHEMICAL TEST AGAINST ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH (SITOTROGA CEREALELLA OLIV.) AND RICE WEEVIL (STOPHILUS ORYZAEL.) CAUSING DAMAGE TO STORED SHELLED MAIZE GOven KiPER*Ersan Y ASAN*In the years of 1985 and 1987 Komithion 3 % dust at the rates of 133 g and 100g/ton and comparison chemical Koruma Malathion Dust at 500 g/ton 'were testedagainst Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealellaOliv.) and Rice weevil (Sitop~hilus oryzae L.) both at the laboratory and under storage conditions.The laboratory trail was arranged in randomized plot design with four characters(3 chemicals + 1 control) and four replications. The monthly tests were made for 7months during 1985-1986, while for 6 months during 1987-1988. The trail carried outunder storage conditions was set up according to randomized block design with fourcharacters (3 chemicals + 1 control) and four replications. The tests were made for 12months.The result of laboratory trail showed that Komithion 3 % Dust at 133 g/ton andKoruma Malathion 2 % Dust gave over 70 % effectiveness against Rice weevil for 5months. Koruma Malathion 2 % Dust gave over 70 % effectiveness against Angoumoisgrain moth for 6 months, but Komithion 3 % Dust was not effective against thepest even for one month. In 1987 both chemicals. Were tested againstthesame pestsagain, but they were less effective compared to 1985 trial.In the trail carried out under storage conditions Komithion 3 % Dust at 133g/tongave over 95 % and 97 % effectiveness against Angoumois grain moth and Rioe weevilfo(12 months respectively, while at the rate of 100 g/ton gave oveer 90 % and 95% effectiveness for 11 months respectively. Koruma Malathion 2 % Dust gave over95 % effectiveness against Angoumois grain moth and Rice weevil for 12 and 11months respectively. In 1987 trail the products gave almost the same effectiveness asin 1985-1986.It is_concluded from the results of trail carried out under storage conditions that asagrain protectant, Komithion 3 % Dust at the rate of 133 g/ton ca be recommendedagainst Angoumois grain moth and Rice weevil for shelled maize.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~tlrma Enstitusu - SAMSUN93

G. GENEL ZARARLILAR GENERAL PESTS

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE KULTUR BiTKiLERiNDEZARAR YAPAN ~RAC?EKiRGE (MfLANo.GRYLLUSDESERTUS PALL. )'NIN NIMF VE ERGINLERINE KAR~IiLAC DENEMELERiErta.; TUTKUN* Gultekin ONAL * Orhan BENLi* Sema BiLGiTEKiN*Orta Anadolu Solgesinde hemen her YII zaran gorOlen Karac;ekirge (Melanogryllusdesertus Pall. )'nln memleketimizdeki zararh c;ekirgeler arasmda onemlibiryeri vardlL Uzun Yillar mucadelesinde % 2.6 gamma SHC'li ilac;lar kullanllml~ olanKara¢ekirgeye kar~1 kahcillgl az ve etkisi daha yuksek olan bir ilac; bulmak maksadlylaAnkara'mn Polatll, Nalhhan ve Kalecik ilc;elerinde kepekli yem ~eklinde hazlrlanml~Hektavin % 5 toz, Diazinon % 20 Em., Trichlorfon % 80 Sp., Komithion % 50 Em, Komithion%3Toz,Cotnion H %2.5toz, Tritrlion % 2toz, K. Metil Kotniyon 25WP, Malathion% 20 Em, Lebaycid % 50 Em ve Korthion M % 35 Em ilac;lan denemeye ahnml~tlr.Zehirli yem hazlrlanmasmda 1 dekar i9in 8 kg bugday kepegi 2-2.5 It su ile Islatllml~.uzerine 0.5 kg toz ~el

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOME INSECTICIDES AGAINST THE NYMPHS AND ADULTS OF BLACK CRICKETS (MELANOGRYLLUS DESERTUSPALL) HARMFUL ON CULTURAL CROPS IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION GUltekin ONAL'" Oman BENU'" Serna BILGITEKIN'"Black crickets (Me/anogty//us desettusPal I.) have a widely distrubiton area inCentral Anatolia of Turkey, and undoubtedly are nation wide in their distrubition. Especially,they live in cultural areas under irrigation, vineyards, gardens, grasslandsand pastures. Black cricket is a polyfag pest. The greatest amount of damage beingdone by the later nymphal stages and by the young adults in spring.The field experiments were ca,rried out against the nymphs and adults of Blackcrickets in order to find out biological effectiveness of Hektavin % 5 Dust, Diazinon %20 Em, Trichlorfon % 80 Sp, Komithion % 50 Em, Komithion % 3 Dust, Cotnion H %2.5 Dust, T rithion % 2 Dust, K. MetH Kotniyon 25 WP, Malathion %20 Em, Lebaycid %50 Em and Korthion M % 35 Em during the years 1980-1984. Benzen hexaclorid (2.6% HCH) was used as a comparison insecticide.The poisoned baits conSisted of three parts: The wheat bran, 8 kglda (As carrier),poison (one of dust, WP or emulsion insecticide) and attractant 0.5 kg powderedsugar). Wheat bran was damped with 2-2.5 It of water before treatmentThe experiments were set up in Randomized Block Design with 3 replicates. 10m were left between parcels and each parcel has taken as 250 squaremeter.According to the results obtained Korthion M % 35 Em (100 milda) and Lebaycid% 50 Em (150 ml/da) can bu used against the nymphs and adults of black crickets.The effectiveness of the other insecticides tested was varied from 20.2 % to 63.4 %and were found not recommendable... Zirai MOcadele Ar~!lrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA97

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE BAZI ZARARUCEKiRGE NiMFLERiNE KAR$. BHC'LliLACLARAALTERNATiF INSEKTiSITLERiN SAPTANMASI .GOIt.kln ONAL" E~1UTKUN" Oman BENLI Sema BILGITEKINOrtaAnadolu Bolgesinde bazl Yillar kultOr bitkilerinde zarangorlilen italyan c;ekirgesi(CIIIliptamus spp-l'nin memleketimizdeki zararlc;ekirgeler araslnda onemli biryen vardlr. Zararh

INVESllGATIONS ON THE DETERMINATION OF SOMEINsEcnaDEs INSTEAD OF GAMMA SHC FOR THELOCUST NYMPH CONTROL IN CENTRAL ANATOLIAGOHekin ONAL- ~TUTKUN- Oman BENU- Sema BILGITEKlN-Calliptamusspecies have the greatest important role in the group that have beenknown harmful locust in some years in Central Anatolia Gamma BHC was widelyused for the locust control in Turkey: The use of that group was restricted in 1982 andthen completely banned in 1986 in Turkey due to the side effects both on haman healthand environment. The aim of that project was to find outthe nonpersistent insecticideswhich will control effectively the harmful locustand grasshoppers during theyears1983-1987.The field and cage experiments were carried out against CsHiptamus spp.nymphs in order to find out biological effectiveness of Cotnion % 2.5 Dust, Trithion %2 Dust, Komithion % 3 Dust, Diazol20 EC, K. Methyl Kotniyon 25 WP, Komithion 50Em, Malathion % 20 Em (600 mVda), Hekzudin 20 Em, Korban 2 Dust, Imperator 25w/v and Korthion M% 35 Em. Benzen hexachlorid (% 2.6 gammaBHC) was used asacomparison insecticide in 1983-1984, afterwards Malathion % 20 Em at the rate of900 ml/da.The field experiments were setup in Randomized Block Design whereas the cageexperiments in Completely Randomized Design with 4 replicates each.According to the results obtained Komithion % 3Dust (2.S/da) and Imperator25wlv (40 milda) can be used against the locust nymphs. The other insecticides testedgave low effectiveness and were found not recommendable.,. Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsu - ANKARA99

H. BiTKi PARAZiTi NEMATODLAR PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES

iHRACATA VONELiK URUN ELDE ETMEK AMACI iLEAKDENiz BOLGESi VEMEKLiK BAKLAGiLLERiNDE{NOHUT,MERCiMEK, FASULVE)ZARARLI OLANNEMATODLAR OZERiNDE ARAJrIRMALARIlknur TEKIN"Gundilz HEKiMoGLU*1986~1990 Yilian araslnda yOrOtOlen bu

STUDIES ON NEMATODES OF EDIBLE BEANS(CHICKPEA, LENTIL, PHASEOLUS BEAN) FOREXPORTABLE PRODUCTION IN EAST MEDITERRANEANREGIONilknur TEKiN*GOndOz HEKiMOGLU*The survey study on plant parasitic nematode species of chickpea, lentil andphaseolus bean and their distribution area were determined during the years of 1 986to 1990 in the East Mediterranean Region.According tothe splitsampling metod in six provinces, including Adana, k:el, Gaziantep,Kahramanmara§ and Antalya in blossom and capsule periods; root, stem,soil and capsule samples were collected. Nematode specimens in the soil was foundby Baermann-funnel and seiv-centrifuge methods. endoparasitic species from plantpieces was determinded by incubation method. Nematode specimens from phaseoIus bean capsules was found by incubation method mentioned above.According to the results 231 samples were examined totaly from chickpea andlentil fields in Gaziantep. Adana, Kahramanmara§ and icel provinces. Helicotylenchusspp.,Pratylenchusspp., Tylenchusspp., Tylenchorychusspp. were foundas injurious nematode species and their damage were non-economic importance.In addition 144 soil, root and capsule samples totaly were examined from phaseolusbean fields in Adana, Kahramanmara§ and Antalya provinces, and none ofplant parasitic nematode species was determined over economic injorious level.* Zirai Miicadele Ar~tlrma Enstitiisii ADANA103

EGE BOLGESiNDE NERGiSLERDE (NARCISSUS POETAZ"CHEIERFULNES,,) ZARAR YAPAN SOGAN-SAKNEMATODU (DITYLENCHUS DIPSAC/KUHN)'NUNMUCADELESi UZERiNDE ON ~ALI$MALARNedlm BORAZANCI"ibrahlm f;INARLI*izmir iii Karaburun il

CONTROL OF THE STEM NEMATODE(DITYLENCHUS DIPSACI KUHN) PARASITIC ONNARCISSUS POETAZ"CHEERFULNES" IN THEAEGEAN REGIONNedlm BORAZANCI*Ibrahim CINARU·Ornamental plant cultivation is economically important in Karaburun district of izmir.However, stem nematode infestation has been increasing in these cultivated areaswhich have been continuously planted with narcissus and with the other hostplants ,such as onions, broad bean, and artichoke.Proplanting soil applications have not satisfactorily controlled the stem nematodeparasitic on the narcissus bulbs. In a series of dipping treatments the concentrationsof 200,400,600, and 800 ppm Nemacur 400 EC have been used. Ofthe concentrationsonly 800 ppm have been found to be effective; however, this concentrationhave not been recommended due to the weak development of above ground plantparts and undeveloped young bulbs.The treatments of bulbs with hot water at 45.5 0 Cfor 1.5 and 3 hours, at 47.5 0 Cfor16 minutes, and at 500C for 4.5 minutes after the maintenance of the bulbs in a coolchamber at 30°C for a wee 'have not effectively controlled the stem nematode.Control of this higly pathogenic nematode is almost impossible by means of onecontrol method unless an integrated management model is employed. Soil applications,plant rotation, weed control, roguing, avoiding susceptible plants, planting certifiedbulbs, short harvesting period, controlled irrigation, and quarantine may be combined.• Zirai MOcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitGsO - BornovaJizMiR105

GUNEYDoGU ANADOLU BOLGEsiNDE YETi$TiRiLEN VE ~ERLE~RiL~ESi DU$UNULEN BA$LlCA DOMATES CE$ITLERININ, KOK-UR NEMATODLARI (MELOIDOGYNE SPP.)'NA KAR~I R~KSiYONLARININ BELiRLENMESi UZERINDE CALI$MALAR N. Nurdan ERTEKiN*Bu ~1!9mada, bolgede yeti9tirilmekte alan ve ileride yeti9tirilmesi dU9unuien domatesQe9itlerinin, bolge topraklannda yaygm olarak bulunan Metoidogynespp. 'yealan reaksiyonlannm belirlenmesi amaQlanml9tlr.Deneme, tesaduf parselleri deneme desenine gore 3 tekerrurlU ve 14 karakterliolarak kurulmu9tur. 30 em ~ph herbir sakslya bir bitki dikilmi9 ve bir parseJ olarak kabuledilmi9tir. Saksllara 1 :3 oramnda toprak, kum, gubre kan91ml doldurulmu9tur.Saksl iQerigi formalin ile sterilize edilmi9tir.Super 1 (VFN8), Super 22 (Ca 17), 9-48/864-At 70-12, 13-52/8 ta-68 VF-26(St), 2-41 /Pr encers WC Fleeo, 3-42/858 Castlamart-11 ,4-43/861 Florida MH-I, Super16 (Gabry), Super 6 (H.Es 58.2889), Super 4 (H.Es 24), Super 14 (Campbelle1235), SOper 1 0 (H.1409), WC-156 ve SC-2121 olmak uzere 14 domates Q€9idine aitfideler 27.05.1985 tarihinde saksllara 9~lrtllmI9tlr.$~Irtma i91emi sirasmda, fide dikmek Ozere aQllan deliklere 5 g'hk(Yakl~lk200di9i birey) urlu domates koku ilave edilerek inokulasyon yapllml9tlr.Dikimden yakl~lk 4 ay soma bitkiler sokulerek kokleri ineelenmi9tir.Elde edilen sonuQlara gore SOper 1 (VFN-8) domates Qe9idi bagl9lk, SOper 22(Ca 17) ve SC-2121 domates Qe9itleri hafif dayanlkh, diger 11 Q€9it ise duyarl! konukQU olarak belirlenmi9tir.• Zirai Mucadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsu-DiYARBAKIR106

DETERMINING THE REACTION OF SOME TOMATO CULTIVARS TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES(MEL OIDOGYNE SPP.) IN THE SOUTHEASTERNANATOLIAN.Nurdan ERTEKiN*In this study. the reaction of some'iomato cultivars are and will be cultured in Southeastrenpart of Anatolia to common Meloidogyne species was determined.The experiment was set up in randomized plot design with 3 replications and 14characters [SOper 1 (WFN-8). SOper 22 (Ca17), 9-48/864-At 70-12. 13-52/8 ta-68vf-26 (st). 2-41 /prencers WC Fleco, 3-42/858 Castlamart-II, 4-43/861 Florida MH-I,Super 16 (Gabry), Super 6 (H.Es 58.2889), Super 4 (H. Es 24), Super 14 (Cambelle1235), Super 10 (H. 1409), WC-156 and SC 2121 tomato cultivars].The seedlings were transplanted when they were 20 days old on 27 May, 1985into the 30 cm diameter pots containing a mixture (3: 1 v Iv) of formaldehyde-fumigatedsail. sand and manure. Just before transplanting, 5 g-galled (about 200 females)roots system. Plants were then placed in the hole. There was only one plant per pot,and this was accepted as a plot. The experiment lasted about 4 months, and the rootswere examined through the stereomicroscope based on the gall indices and repro~duction degrees.It is established that Super 1 (VFN-8) tomato cultivar was immune, SOper 22 (Ca17) and SC-2121 were lightly resitance, and the others were susceptiple to attack ofroot-knot nematodes.• Zirai MUcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitlisU - DiyARBAKIR107

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE TUTUNLERDE ZARARLI Bind PARAZiT NEMATODLARIN BELiRLENMESi VE iLACLI MOCADELESi OZERiNDE CALI$MALAR N.Nurdan ERTEKiN*Guneydogu Anadoln Bolgesinde tuWn dikim alanlanndaki nematodlan belirlemekamaci ile 1981-1983 Yillannda surveyler yapllml~tlr. Survey sonU(;lanrra goreKok-ur (Meloidogyns spp.) nematodlannln yaygm oldUgu ve ekonomik duzeydeonemli.zararlar verdigi belirlenmi~tir. Survey yapllan iIIerden Diyarbaklr ve Siirt'te hakimtOr Mjncognitave MJatfanica l Adlyaman'da Mjncognitave Malatya'da MJatfanicaveM.hap/adlr. Bitlis ilinde herhangi bir nematoda rastlanmaml~tlr.EkonDmik duzeyde zarara neden olan kok-ur nematodlanna kar~1 ila911 mucadeleimkanlan ar~tlnlml~tlr. Buama91a 1-3 dichloropene (Tel one II) dekara 7.5 ve 1 0 litredozlannda enjektorle ve sulamaSuyuna, oxamyl (Vydate L) dekara400 ml olarak cansuyunave 450 mi olarak ye~il aksama, phenamiphos (Nemacur 400 EC) dekara2.5 ve5 litre, ethoprop (Mocap 10 G ve 20 EC) dekara 6ve 9 kg. ve 3 litre olarak uygulanml~lardlr.Deneme sonu91anna gore 1 .3 litre dichloropene'in dekara 10 litre dozunda enjektoruygulamaslnln nematodu kontrol edebildigi, diger ila91ann iseetkisiz kaldlgl belirlenmi~tir.* Zirai MOcadele Ara$lIrma EnstilOsO DivARBAKIR108

DETERMINATION OF THE NEMATODES PARASITIC ON TOBACCO PLANTS AND THEIR CONTROL IN THE SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA N.Nurdan ERTEKiN*Surveys have been carried out in the tobacco fields during 1981-1 983. The prevailingnematods has been found to be Me/oidogynespp. of which species have beenM.incognita and MJavanica in Diyarbaklr and Siirt, M.incognita in Adlyaman,and M.javanicaand M.haplain Malatya There has been no economically importantnematode in Bitlis.Some chemicals have been tested to control the root-knot nematodes parasiticon tobacco. 1.3 dichloropropene (Telone II) has been used at 7.5 and 10 IIdabymeansof a hand injector and through irrigation, oxamyl (Vydate L) at 400 ml/da throughtrans plant water and at 450 milda as foliage application, phenamiphos (Nemacur 400EC) at2.5 and 5 I/da by spraying, ethoprop (Mocap 10 G and 20 EC) at6 and 9 kg/daand 31/da by spreading and by spraying, respectively. Of the chemicals tested only1.3 dichloropropene have been found to be effective at 10 I/da dose and through injectorapplication.* Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitGsO - DiYARBAKIR109

SARIMSAKLARDA ZARARLI SaGAN VE SAK NEMATODU (DITYLENCHUS DIPSACI KOHN.)'NUN ONLENMESi OZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Omit TUNCDEMIR*Sanmsakta Sogan ve Sak Nematodu (Oitylsnchus djpsaciKOhn.) zarannl onlemeki«in r,;:e~itli kOltOrel ve fiziksel onlemlerle kimyasal mOcadele nematodlannlar~tlrmak amaclyla bu «ah~ma yapllml~tlr. Call~malar 1983-1987 Yilian araslndaSamsun ve Kastamonu illerinde yOrOtOlmO~tor.Cah~malar Laboratuvar ve Tarla denemeleri olarak yOrOtOlmO~tOr. Laboratuvardenemeleri tohumluk sanmsaklann suda bekletilmesi ile zararhnln sarlmsak di~lerinine kadar zamanda ve ne oranda terkettigini saptamak amaclyla yapllml~tlr. Tarladenemeleriise kOltOrel onlemler fizikse~ onlemler ve kimyasal sava~ denemeleri olarakyapllffil~t'r.Bul~lk topraga temiz toumluk dikmenin zaran belli oranda azalttlgl, bula;;lk tohumlugunise 1 0-14 saatlerde suyu degi~tirilmek suretiyle 48 saat oda slcakhglndakisuda bekletilmesi ile Sagan ve Sak nematodu zararlnln ortalama %30.4-60.0 oramndaazaldlgl saptandlglndan uygulamaya onerilmesi uygun bulunmu~tur.Kimyasal mOcadele denemelerinde Temik 15 G·2 kg! dadozunda Nemacur 1 0 G3-4 kg!da dozlarlnda, Nemacur 400 EC 5 Itlda dozunda etkili bulunmu~tur. Ancakhem bu ila«lann bakiye analizlerinin yapllamaml~ olmasl hemde 1986 ylli Sebze veYem Bitkileri Zararhlan Grubu toplantlslnda Temik 15 G ilaclnln sebzelerde kullamlmamaslkaran allnmasl nedeniyle uygulamaya onerilmemi~tir.• Karadeniz TanmsaJ Aral;ltlrma EnstitOsu-SAMSUN110

PREUMINARY STUDIES ON THE PREVENTION OF THE DAMAGE OF STEM NEMATODE (DITYLENCHUS DISPACI KUHN} CAUSING DAMAGE TO GARLICS Omit TUNCDEMIR*The objective ofthis study was to preventthe damage done to garlics by stem nematode(Dity/enchusdispaciKOhn.) by cultural practices, by physical and chemicalcontrol methods. Studies were carried out in Samsun and Kastamonuprovinces between1983 and 1987.ThEllaboratory trial was carried out to determine the rate nematodes leaving thecloves, as well as the time of leaving when theseed garlics are immersed in the water.The field trial was carried out to investigate its control possibilities such as, culturalpractices,physical and chemical control means.The results showed that planting thehealty seed to infested soil reduces the damagecaused by.the nematode to a Qertain extent, the level of damage decreases by30.4-60.9% by keeping the infested seed garlics in the water at room temperature for48 hours, provided change the water 10, 14 and 24 hours after the immersion. Theprocess is recommendable.The results also showed thatTemik 15 G at 2 kg/da, Nemacur 10 Gat 3-4 kg/daand Nemacur 400 EC at 5 Itlda provided the satisfactory control of stem nematode.Presently, these products cannot be recommended since, the residue analyses ofthem has not been made yet, and ttie use of Temi k 15 G vegetable is banned by the1986 Pests of Vegetable and Fodder Crops Working Group.• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~tlrma Enstitlisu-SAMSUN111

EGE BCLGESiNDE YEMLiK BAKLAGiLLERDE BULUNAN BITKi PARAZIT NEMATODLARIN BELiRLENMESi OZERINDE CALI,MALAR Nedlm BORAZANCI*Ibrahim f;INARU·Diger kultUr bitkilerinde oldugu gibi yem bitkilerinde de verimi azaltan faktorleraraslna bazl bitki parazit nematodlarm bulundugu bilinmektedir. Bolgemizde bugunekadar bu konu uzerinde c;al1§ma yapllmadlgmdan baklagillerde toprak vebitki dokulanndakionemli nematodlan belirlemek ama

DETERMINATION OF THE PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES ON THE FODDER PLANTS IN THE AGEAN REGION .Nedlm 'BORAZANCI·Ibrahim f;INARU·Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the group of the organisms causing croplosses in the fodder plants. In this study ecto and endoparasitic nematodes on thefodder plants have been determined.In 1989inAydln(Bozdogan, Nazilli, Kuyucak, Karacasu) 40 clover and 6vetch, inDenizli (Civril, Tavas, Altlnova, Ye~ilhisar) 56 clover and 3 vetch areas were examined.In 1990 in izmir (bdemi~, Tire, Bergama, Menemen, Toba!!, Bornova) 32 cloverand 14 vetch; in Canakkale (Biga, Lapseki) 16 clover and 8 vetch; in Ballkesir (Manyas,Susurluk, Gonen) 38 clover and 30 vetch samples were evaluated. The fodderplant areas in Manisa and Balrkesir were found to be infested with the bulb nematodeDity/enchus dipsaci Kuhn. These infested areas were reviewed in 1991 and 106samples were taken and evaluated. Along with the bulb nematode, Pratylenchussp., Longidotus spp., Helicotylenchus spp. and Heterodera spp. were found insmall numbers in some soil samples. In the plant samples only Dity/enchus dipsaciwere collected in both clover and vetch samples in two districts of Bahkesir and twodistricts of Manisa and three districts of Ballkesir, respectivaly.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsli, BornovaliZMiR113

II. BiTKi HAST ALIKLARI PLANT DISEASES A. HUBUBAT HASTALIKLAR CEREAL DISEASES

TEsciLE ESAS BUGDAV iLE ARPA CE$iT VE HATLARININ BAZI HASTALIK ETMENLERiNE KAR$I REAKSiVONLARININ TESPiTi OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR HUseyln AKTA,'"Berna TUNAU'"Bu c;alt:;;mada 35 bugday c;e:;;it ve hatlannm Tililltia foeticia (Wallr.) Liro; TilletiaClUJlIS (DC.) Tull. ve Ustilagonuda'tritici Schaffn.'ye, 28 arpac;e:;;itve hatlarmdaUstilagohotrltJi (Pers.) Lager, Ustilagonigra Tapke, Drechs/erasorokinianaSubram. and Jain'in S 96 nolu Irkl ve DfJrchsillra teres Schoem. 'in T 4 nolu Irkmakar~1 reaksiyonlan belirlenmi~tir.SOrrne etmeni (Tililltia spp.) populasyonuna kar:;;1 Atay 85, Porsuk 2800, Kunduru1149, Tosun 144, Klrac; 66 bugday c;e:;;itleri ite ES-85-15, ES-85-21,

INVESTIGATIONS ON HE DETERMINATION OF THE REACTIONS OF WHEAT BARLEY VARIETIES AND LINES THAT ARE SUBJECT TO REGISTRAll0N AGAINST SOME DISEASE AGENTS HOseyin AKTA,*BemaTUNAU*In this investigation the reactions of 35 wheatcultivars and lines against Commonburt (Tilletill foBtidll (WaUr.) Liro, T.cariBs (DC.) Tull.) and Loose smut (Ustl/agonuda tritici Scaffn) and the reactions of 28 barley cultivars and lines against Covered. smut (Usti/ogo htxdBi (Pers) Layer), Semi loose smut (Ustilago nig" Tapke),Helminthosporium blight (the stain S96 of DrBchsIBra sorokinillna subram and Jain)and Net blotch (the strain T 4 of DrechsIBra IBrBs Schoem) were determined..Wheat cultivars Atay 85, Posuk 280, Kunduru 1149, Tosun 144, Klrac 66 andwheat lines ES-85-15, ES-85-21 , C-1273, C-1259 were found out resistant against11lletill spp. popu!ation.Wheat cultivars and lines Haymana 79, Atay 85, Porsuk 2800, Cakmak 79, Kunduru1149, UTUD-16, ES-85-8, ES-85-21, C-1273, C-1252, C-1259, C-1261,C-1262, C-1 , C-01 were determined as resistant against Ustilago nudll trifici.Barley cultivars and lines Hamidiye 85, Anadolu86, Efes 1, Zafer 160, Ylldmm,Ye§ilkoy 387, Yercil147, YEA-286-22, YEA-422-1, ABVD-118, ABVD-121, KABVD2017, KABDV-2023, KABVD, 2013, KABVD-62-2149 against Ustilago honIBi; Zafer166, Ylldmm, Yel?ilkoy, Yercil and 5432-4543 against UJligra were found out resistant.Barley cultivar Ylldmm and barley line KABVD-2017 were out medium resistantagainst virulent strain of DrechslBta stHOklnlllna S 96.None of 28 barley cultivars and lines were not showed any resistance against virulentstrain of. D.tBrBS T4.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA117

ORTA ANADOLU'DA BUGDAYDA GOAULENHASTAUK BELIRTILERININ VIROS VCNONDEN. INCELENMESi Seyhan YURDAKUL· Sallh ~AU· Sevll BAKLACI-Ankara, Cankln, Eski~ehir ve Konya illerinde bugdayda sararma, klzarma, cuceI~me ve uctan 89agl aegru olu~an klzarma belirtilerinin virutik olup olmadlgml ~aptamakamaclyla 1984 Ylhnda b89latllan bu cah~ma 1986 Ylhnda sQnuclandlrllml~tlr.Yukarlda adl gecen iIIerde arazide yapllan incelemelerde Arpa sarlcicek virusu(Barley yellow dwarf virus) belirtilerine benzer belirtiler gorulmu~ ve. aym zamandaboyle bitkileruzerinde Arpasarl cucelik virusunun vektoru olan Mscl'Osiphum(Sitoblon)BVlllJlltI. Fab., Rhopalosiphumpadi L., R.maidis L. ve Schizsphis graminiumR,ond. (Hom.: Aphididae) saptanml~tlr. Hasta bitkiler uzerinde beslenen adlgecen yaprak bitlerinin saghkh arpa bitkilerine aktarlhp beslenmelerinin saglanmaslsonucunda bu bitkilerde de Arpa sari cucelik virusu belirtileri olu~mu~tur.Arazide hastahgm gosterdigi; obek obek sararma, kuruma, cucele~me veyaprakuclanndan b89laYlp 89agl dogru ineri erg'Uvarfrkiiarma belirtileri ile yukarldaki denemesonuclan hastahgm Arpa sari cucelik virusu oIduguna i~aret etmektedir. Ancak,kesin' kanlya varmak icin farkh izoJatlara kar~1 elde edilmi~ antiserumlarla serolojiktestlerle de yukarldaki bulgulann desteklenmesine ihtiyac bulunmaktadlr.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma ElistitUsO MOdOrIOgO-ANKARA.. Cumhuriyet Oniv. Ziraat FakOltesicTOKATH8

INVESTIGATION ON VIRUS DISEASES OF WHEAT INCENTRAL ANATOUASeyhan YURDAKUL* Sallh C;ALI* Sevil BAKLACI....Symptoms like yellowing tanning (from top to botton) and stunting onwheatgrowingareas in Ankara, Cankm, Eski~ehir and Konyaprovinces have been investigatedfrom the basis of viruses between 1984 and 1986. During field observations Barley yellow dwartvirus (BYDY) symptoms have beenrecognized and the vestors of BYDV, MIIt:toIIIphum (SItobIDn) IIVIII'IIIII Fab.,RhopIJIosIphum ptIdI L., R.mII/tlis L. and lk:hIaph/sgrsmlnlum RonO. (Hom.:Aphididae), have been determined.The vectors collected from diseased plants in field have been fed on healty barleyplants in greenhouse conditions and then BYDV symptoms appeared on these.previously healthy barley plants.Symtoms seen in plants and the spreading of the disease in the field, and thetransmission studies with vectors showed that the possible agent of the disease wasBYDV. In order to support the above results, there have been needed to be done serologicaltests with antisera obtained against different isolates of the virus.• Zirai MOcadele Ar8$tlrma EnstitOsO MOdOrIOgO-ANKARA.. Cumhuriyet Oniv. Ziraat FakOltesi-TOKAT119

B. SEBZE VE YEM BiTKiLERi HASTALIKLARI VEGETABLE AND FODDER CROP DISEASES

EGE B6LGEsi PATATES EKIM ALANLARINDA GOROLEN VASCULER SOLGUNLUK HASTALIKLARI OZERINDE ARA,nRMALAR SemraOr Ayhan KARCIUOCLU* Mualla ARI*Ege Bolgesinin patates ekim sahalannda vasculer hastahk etmenlerini, bulunUl~oranlanm ve yaYlh$ alanlanm saptamak icin MaYls-Kaslm 1990 tarihleri araslnda surveyyOrOtOlmO$tur.Bu cah$malarda hastahgln Bahkesir (Altlnpva) ilinde bulunu$ oram~/oO.82, yaYlh$ a1am ise %30 duro Aym Slraile Mugla,(Seki yaylasl) ilinde %5.3, %33.3,Izmir iii Odemi$ ovaslnda yazhk ekimde %0.3, % 1\8, kl$hk ekimde % 1, %36.6, Bozdagyayl

VASCULER WILT DISEASES ON POTATQGROWING AREAS IN EAGEAN REGIONSemra OrBetween the months of May-November in 1990. Surveys were carr1ed olJtto determinethe prevalence, existence, pathojens of VascuIermltdiseases00 po1.a1ogowingareas in Aegean Region. Through the SUlVeyS, it is fot.nd that the prevalenoe ofthedsieaseis30%and its existence is 0.820f0 in Bahkesir(Atbnova); 33.3% and5.3%in Mugla; 0.3% and 18% of fall planting in Odemi~, 1 % and 36.6% ofspnng plantingin bdemi~, 5.2% and 64% in Bozdag highland, 8.16% and 64.2% in Eknadag highland,0.8% and 63.4% in GOIcOk highland, 11 % and 100% in Sansu hinghland. Allisdistricts of izmir.Fusarim oxy~ F..IIOIani, FAJabeti, F~ F.acuminatum,F.pt'OIIftInItum, FJlVfHIIJCSUII'I, Rhizoctonia sdani, Mat:rophomina ~Cdltltorlt:humatrsmantat1um, VBffici1/ifMn .:Iahliae were isolated from diseasedplants. Pathogenicity tests showed that all fungi except F.proIiferatum and F..t:UIn70Nmcaused diseases in the plant.. Zirai MOcadele A~tlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaliZMiR123

PATATES YUMRULARININ BAKTERiYEL HALKA CURUKLUK (CLA VIBACTER MICHIGANENSIS SUBSP. SEPEDONICUSj HASTALIGI YONUNDEN iNCELENMESi G6nOl DEMIR*Mehmet GONDoGDU*Patates Halka Curuklugu (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sspedonicus)dunya patates ticaretini etkileyen en tehlikeli hastahktlr ve butUn ulkelerde toleransl(O)'dlr.Onceki Yillarda yumrulardaki simptomatolojik bulgulara dayanarak Turkiye'devarhgl belirtilen hastahk, patates ihracatlmlzda bazl gu

DETECTION OF RING ROT DISEASE (CLA VIBACTER MICHIGANENSISSUBSP. SEPEDONICUS) OF POTATO TUBERSG&101 DEMIR'"Mehmet GONooGDU*Potato ring rot (Ciavibat:tt!N michigan6nsis subsp. sepedonicus) is themost dangerous disease e.ffecting potato trade in the world and its tolerance is zero inall countries.In previous years, the disease was determined by taking noteofsymtomsin Turkey.Therefore this disease causes some difficulties in our potato export. This studywas carried out by the methods which are accepted by EGG and EPPO/OEPP to findthe real situation of the disease and to prevent the difficulties in exportation.Sixty-five samples were examined from Aegean region, and 35 samples takenfrom potato seeds imported from Holland (18), Germany (5) and Ganada(12).Indirect Immunofluorescence (IF) method was performed in this study. Undersuspicious conditions, biotest on eggplants and gram stain were also done in order tocomfirm it.This study was indicated 100 samples have no pathogens from the stand pOintofboth dear and latent infection of Clavibllt:tflt'michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus... Ziral Mucadele Ara$tirma Enstltusu - BornovaJiZMiR125

iTHAL EDILMi$ TOHUMLUK PATATESLERDE ONEMLiViRUS HASTALIKLARININ DAS-ELISA VE DiGERYCNTEMLERLE ARA$TIRILMASISallh f;AU" Nilgiin YALf;IN ....Bolu iline bag!! dort koyde be$ ureticinin ithal edilmi9 dort tohumluk patates ge$idineait orneklerde ekim oncesi yumrularda; bunlarln serada yeti$tirilmesiyle eldeedilen ye$il aksamlarda (yaprakta) ve hasatla elde edilen yumrulardaDAS-ELISA teknigiile testier yapllml$tlr. Bu testier sonucunda yumru ve ye~il aksam brneklerininhepsinde degi$en oranlarda PLRV. PVY. PYX ve PVS saptanml$tlr. Aynca yumru brneklerindeyeti~tirme denemeleri. bunlardan elde edilen ye~il aksamlnda test bitkilerikullamlarak mekanik inokulasyon testleri yapllml$. her iki yolla yapllan denemelerdede herhangi bir virus hastahk belirtisi gbzlenmemesine kar~m yeti~tirme denemeleriile elde edilen patates ye$il aksam orneklerine uygulanan DAS-ELISA teknigi ile pozititsonuc;; ahnml$tlr.Yumru orneklerinin ait oldugu tohumluk partilerinin uretici taraflndan ekildigi tarlalardayapllan gozlemlerde bu tarlalarm yogun mildiyb zaranna ugradlgl, dolaYlslylavirus hastallklanna ait degerlendirmenin mumkun olmadlgl gbrulmu~tur. Bu tarlalardanelde edilen patates yumrularmda DAS-ELISA teknigi ile PLRV, PVY, PYX ve PVSybnOnden testier yapllml$ ve sbzkonusu viruslerle yuksek miktarda bula~lk oldugusaptanml$tlr.Denemelere altnan ekim oncesi ve hasatlaeldeedilen yumru brneklerinin saghkhgbrOnu$teolmasma kar$1n bunlarda yukanda adl geQen viruslerle bula~lk bulunmaSl, diger Qe$itli denemeler sonucu latensinin bulunmasl ve ureticiden virus hastahklanylaIlgili (urun azah$1 vb.) $ikayetlerin olmamasl saptanan viruslerin zaYlf Irklanna aitoldugu kamslnl kuvvetlendirmi$tir.Bu c;;ah$ma ile, patates tohumlugunun ihalinde mumkOnse uretici orijin Olkedeyada karantina ve sertifikasyon hizmetlerinde hassas, ekonomikve hlZl1 tekniklerlevirushastahklanmn kontrol edilmesi (testlenmesi) gerektigi sonuc;; ve kanaatine vanlml$hr." Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA"" Tarim ilce MOdOrli.igi.i - G6Ici.ik/IZMiT126

STUDIES ON SOME MAJOR VIRUS DISEASES IN IMPORTED POTATO SEED TUBERS BY DAS-EUSA AND OTHER METHODS SaJlh CAU*NligOn Y ALCIN··Trials have been carried out in four varieties of potato seed tubers taken from fiveseed potato growers, and Potato leaf roll virus, PW, PVX and PVS were taken intoconsideration in all tests and observations.DAS-EUSA (Double antibody sandwichenzyme linked immunosorbent assay)was apUied to the tubers taken from growers before planting and after harvest. Tubers,taken b.efore planting. were grown one by one in pots and their leaf samples weretested by DAS-EUSA.All DAS-EUSA tests aplied to tuber and leaf tissue showed that every each seedpotato variety is highly contaminated with the above mentioned four viruses.Growing-on and mechanic inoculation tests showed no viral symptoms on follageand indicator plants. However, early blight infection caused not to observe any virusdisease atthe field on the foliage of the grower's crop of wich the tubers haven beentested before.The results taken with different methods showed us the presence of latent infectionsor the mild strains of the viruses tested. ELISA, as being a sensitive, rapid andeconomiC, should be put in use in certification and quarantine services for the detectionof some major viruses in Turkey.Lastly, imported materyal. here seed potato tubers, is recommended to bechecked in the origin grower country before importation takes place... Zirai MOcadele Aral;\tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA** Tanm ilve MOdOrlOgO GolcOk/izMiT127

ANKARA'DA DOMATESLERDE GCRULEN STOLBUR HASTALIGI OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMAlAR Sallh C;AU" Vasemin OZDEMiR" Ayla KALKANDELEN"Ankara'nln domates yei9tiriciliginge onde gelen ilc;:esi alan Aya9'ta son Yillardaartan 9ikayetlere neden alan ve Sto~bur belirtileri gosteren hastahkla ilgili olarak yaplIan vejetatif a91 denemeleri lie yurt dl9lna(8ari Oniversitesi italya) gonderilen orneklerinincelenmesi sonucundanastahgln kesin te9hisi yapllml9 ve etmeni Mycoplasmabenzeri organizma (MLO-Mycoplasma like organism) alan Stolbur hastallglndan'ilerigeldigi anl89llmI9tlr. Aynca, yapraklannda kOc;:Olme klvnlma ve aC;:lk-koyu ye9i1 renklenmeile sistemik mozaYlk belirtileri gosteren domates bitki orneklerinde DAS ELISA(Double antibody sadwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) teknigi ile yapllantestlerde PVY (Potato virus Y=Patates Y Virus) ve PLRV (Potato leaf roll virus-Patatesyaprak klVlrclkhk virus) bulunmu9, boylelikle bu viruslardan dolaYI OlU9an belirtilerinStolbur belirtilerinden aYlrt edilmesi saglanml9tlr.Stolbur'un belirtileri dom

INVESTIGATIONS ON TOMATO STOLBUR (MLO) IN ANKARA Sallh ~AU* Yasemln OZDEMIR* Ayla KALKANDELEN"Tomato growers in Ankara, especially in Aya~ town, raised their complaints aboutadisease, showing symptoms of Stolbur. This project has been carried out to definethe disease, seed transmission of the disease during 1987 and 1988.Several types of grafting have been assayed and cleft graftings gave better resultscomparing to the others. DAS ELISA has been applied for the presence of severalviruses, since some plants showed virus and Stolbur-like symptoms in the sametomato plantaions. PLRV and PVY have been found in those plants showing leaf curling,mottling and systemic mosaic symptoms. In order to earch vector relations, afieldtrial has been designed with two characters (plants under vector proof cages and withoutcages) with seven replications where each character having 28 plants. This trialshowed that only plants being out of-cages were found to be infected with Stolbur,two plants in 1987 and one plant in 1988.Electronmicroscope examinations, cleft graftings from diseased plants onto heathies,filed trials and symptom observations revealed that the agent is MLO (Mycoplasmalike organism) causing stolbur on tomato.Thi first clear symptoms of Stolbur appeared in the first week of August (11 Aug.,1987 and 1Aug., 1988) and the disease incidance occured between 0.2% and 16.2%in the region.Known vectos of Stolbur,HyaJesthes obsoletus Sign. and £USee/is plebejus(FaiL), were firstly found by sweepings on 3 July, 1987 and on 9July, 1988, respectively.H.obSDletus was firstly found on tangle-foot trap on 29 June, 1988.Some members of Homoptera found on traps and by sweepings were given inthe text, although these were not recorder vectors of Stolbur.In seed transmission experiments of the disease showed that no transmissiontook place. .• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA129

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE DOMATES EKiM ALANLARINDA BAKTERIVEL HASTALlKLAR OZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Yavuz Emln OKTEM*Kemal BENUoGLU*Orta Anadolu Bolgesinde 14 ilde (Afyon, Ankara, Bolu, Burdur, Cankln, Eski$ehir,Isparta, Kayseri, Klr$ehir, Konya, Nev$ehir, Nigde, Yozgat ve Zonguldak) domatesekim alanlannda 354 ornekleme noktaslnda domates bakteri hastallklan surveyiyapllml$tlr. Surveyler sonucunda Afyon dl$lnda 13 iIdeki 97 tarlada Domates BakteriyelSolgunluk Hastallgl (Clavibacter michiganense ssp. michiganense),na rastlanml$tlr.Hastallk slraslyla Isparta(% 5.25), Yozgat( % 4.67), Ankara (%3.71 ), Cankln(% 1.8)ve Nigde(% 1.4) illerindeoldukyayuksekorandagorulmu$,digerillerdeise%0.07-0.71 araslnda degi$en oranlardasaptanml$tlr. Call$malar sonunda toplam 56adet C.m. ssp. michiganense izolatl elde edilmi$, Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato ve Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatorilia rastlanmaml$tlr.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstHOsli - ANKARA130

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON BACTERIAL DISEASES IN TOMATO GROWING AREAS OF CENTRAL ANATOLIA Yavuz Emln OKTEM'"Kemal BENLlooLU"Tomato bacterial diseases su.rvey was carried out at 354 sampling pOints of 14provinces (Afyon, Ankara, Bolu, Burdur, Qankrfl, Eski$ehir,lsparta, Kayseri, Klr$ehir,Konya, Nev$ehir, Nigde, Yozgat and Zonguldak) in Central Anatolia. It was found that97 tomato growing fielas in 13 provinces except Afyon were infested with Bacterialcanker of tomato (Clavibacter michiganense ssp. michiganenss). InCidenCe ofthe disease was found to be quite high in Isparta(5.25 %), Yozgat (4.67 %), Ankara(3.71- %), Qankrn (1.8 %), I\ljgde (1.4 %) while it ranged from 0.07-0.71 % in otherprojinces. At the end of studies, 56 isolates were identified as Cm. ssp. michiganease.However, I'ssudomonas syringae pv tomato and Xanthomonas cam-pestrls pv. vesicatoria were not detected ... Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitGsu ANKARA131

ERZiNCAN iLiNDE KARPUZLARDA MEYVE CURUKLUGUNE SEBEP OLAN FUNGAL ETMENLER UZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Semra TURAK" SUleyman KARAHAN" Ahmet ARSLAN"Erzincan ilinde Karpuzlarda (Citrullus vulgaris) Meyve Curuklugune sebepolan etmenlerin tesbit edilmesi ve hastallgm yayglnllgl ile yogunlugunun belirlenmesiamaci ile bu yall$ma 1984-1989 Yilian arasmda yurutulmu$Wr.Erzincan Merkez, Kemah ve Illy ilyelerindeyapllan surveylerde bblumlu brneklememetodu uygulanml$tlr. 105.5 dekar sulanan, 76.5 dekar sulanmayan alan olmakuzere toplam 182 dekar arazi de survey yapllml$tlr. Hastallgln sulanan alanlann %100'unde bula$lk oldugu yogunlugun ise Yillar itibari ile ortalama olarak 1984'te%30.36, 11985'te % 57.85 oldUgu tesbit edilmi$tir. Sulama yapllmadan yeti$tiricilikyapllan Kemah ve Illy ilyeleri ile merkeze bagll bazl kbylerde hastallga rastlanllmaml$tlr.izalosyon yall$malannda PDA ve havuy agar kullamlml$tlr. Meyvenin 3yerineyaraaymadan 1 yerine de yara ayllarak 4-6 tekerrurlu yapllan patojeniste testlerindemeyveye direkt giri$ yapan funguslann Phytophtora capsicive Pythium torulasumolduklanbelirlenmi$tir. Bunlann yam slra Fusarium equiseti, F.moniliforme,F.solani, F. oxysporum F. columorum, Alternaria alternataWrlerine ait funguslarelde edilmi$, ancak bunlann patojeniste testlerinde sadece ayllan yaralardan giri$yaparak yurukluk olu$turduklan, yuruklerde ikinci derecede bnemli olduklan tesbitedilmi$tir. Geotrichumsp., Aphonocladiumsp ve /lfucorcircinelloidesfunguslannlnise yaradan dahi yurukluk olu$turmadlklan gbrulmu$tur." Bah

PREUMINARY STUDIES ON FRUIT ROT OF WATERMELON CAUSED BY FUNGI IN ERZINCAN PROVINCE Samra TURAK'"SOleyman KARAHAN'"In order to determine fungal disaeses that cause fruit rot of watermelon (CiIruIIus vu/gllJt'i$), its distribution and density rate, this study was conducted in Erzincan,in 1984-1989.This survey studies were implemented in Erzincan, Kemah and Ihe; by using dividedsample method. The survey studies was carried out on atotal 182 da area, of this105.5 da irrigated and 76.5 da dry land.Fruit rot was determined at the rate of 100% on irrigated areas while in Kemah,Ihe; and some villages of Erzincan no any fruit rot was came accross. On the irrigatedareathedesityTate of fruit rot was 30.36%, while it was 57.85% on a76.5dadryland.PDA and carrot agar were used in the isolation studies. Pathogenicity tests wasperformed in lab. conditions.In order to accomplish the test procdure, the follOwing method was used. Firstly alocal point on the fruit was wounded and three other local paints on the fruit was marked,finally foot rot agents of culture disks were inoculated through these points with 4and 6 replications in the two following years.At the end of this study PhytophtonJ capsidand Phythium totu/osum havebeen appeared as agents that effect tissue directly. Also with this isolation studies Fu.sarium tJqUiseti" F. monilif0t7nt4 F. SDIani, F. oxysporum, F. coiumonnn andAJtemadasllemBtafungi varieties have been,but all these fungi appeared to be ofless importance as they could only penetrate from wounded tissues. Geotrichutnsp., ApIiocIadium sp. and MUCOI'circineiloidesfungi have been determined asnon-penetrating agents for watermelon.• Bah

AKDENlz BOLGESINDE KABAKGILLERDE MILDlvO(PSEUDOPERONOSPORA CUBENSIS BERK. AND CURT)HASTALIGININ KIMVASAL MOcADELEsi OZERINDECALI$MALARSeral VOCEL*MevUlt GONCO*Bu calt~ma ile kabakgillerde mildiyo (PlIBUdoperonospol'll cubsnsls Berk.and Curt) hastahgrna kar~1 etkili bazl fungisitlerin ve bunlann pOlverizator ve atamizorile uygulanma dozlannln belirlenmesi amaclanml~tlrDenemeler sonunda mildiyo hastahgrna kar~l, Phosethyl-AI, 50+Folpet, 25 etkilimaddeli ilacrn %93.5-86.5, Phosethyl-AI, 80'rn (150 g/1 00 It) (%0.15) dozda, Mancazeb,80 (%0.15), Propineb, 70 (%0.15) ve Zineb, 65 (%0.2) ile kan~lmlannin pOIverizatorite uygulanmalan sonucu1986 Ylhnda %88, %87.4 ve %87.5, 1987 Yllinda%89.1, %88.0 ve %87.9.oranrnda etkili olmu~lardlr. 2 kat dozlarl alrnarak atomizorleuygulanmalan sonucu ise 1987 ve 1.989 Yillarrnda slraslyla, Phosethyl-AI, 80 (%0.3)+ Mancazeb, 80 (%0.3) %85.6 ve %90.71, Phosetyl-AI, 80 (%0.3) + Propineb, 70(%0.3) %99.32, Phosethyl-AI, 80 (%0.3) +Zirieb, 65 (%0.4) %99.69 oranrnda etkilibulunulmu~lardlr... Zirai Mucadele AralIbrma Enstitlisu ADANA134

STUDIES ON CHEMICAL CONTROL AGAINST TO DOWNY MILDEW (PSEUDOPERONOSPORA CUBENSIS BERK. AND CURT.) ON CUCURBITS IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION SenII VOCEL*On cucurbit plants some effective fungicides against to down mildew (PstIudoptH'OnosporacubBnsis Berk. and Curt.) and appl ication doses were examined byknapsack sprayer and atomizer apllication equipments.According to knapsack sprayer application results Phosethyl-AI, 50 + Folpet, 25shows 93.5-86.5% effectivenes in 1986 and 1987. Phosethyl-AI, 80 (%0.15) used asa tank mixture by Mancozeb, 80 (%0.15), Propineb, 70 (%0.15) and Zineb, 65(%0.2). These mixtures shows 88.0, 87.4, 87.5% and 89.1,88.0,87.9% effectivenessin 1986 and 1987, respectively.In atomizer applications double dosage were used in tank mixture. Effects of thesemixtures of Phosethyl-AI, 80 (%0.3) and Mancozeb, 80 (%0.3),85.6 and 90.71 %in 1987 and 1989. Phosethyl-AI, 80 (%0.3) and Propineb, 70 (%0.3), Zineb, 65(%0.4) 99.69 % in 1989 ... Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsu - ADANA135

ERZINCAN III FASULYE EKILI$ ALANLARINDA KOK COROKLOGONE SEBEP OLAN FUNGAL ETMENLER OZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Samra TURAK'"Ahmet ARSLAN"Fasulye kok ~uruklugOne sebep olan fungul etmenler, bunlann yaYlh$lan ve yogunluklannmtesbiti ile bolgede ekilen fasOlye (PhIISBOlus vulgariS) ~e$itlerinin patojenfunguslara kar$1 reaksiyonlarlnl belirlemek amael ile 1987 -1988 Yillannda bu ~aII$ma ger~ekle$tirilmi$tir.SOrveylere ilk olarak fasulyeler 5-6 yaprakh iken ve ikinei olarak

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON ROOT BEAN CAUSED BY FUNGI ON BEAN CULTIVATED AREAS IN ERZINCAN PROVINCE 88mra TURAK*Ahmet ARSLAN*In order to determine fungal agents that cause root rot of bean (Phlls60lus vulgaris),its distribution and density rate, this study was carried out in Erzincan 1819871988. The first survey was realized when bean had 5-6 leaflets and final one after thefull bloom on the randomly chosen bean fields in Erzincan Centre, QaYlrl1 and Refahiyecounties.At the end of the survey studies the contermination rate was found at 90% and100%, while the infection rate appeared to be 10.59% and 18.62% in the first and lastsurveys r~spectively.After the isolation studies 97 isolates were obtained, of these 13 were used forthe pathogenicity tests.The experiment was planned as completely randomised design with 3 replicationsin lab. conditions.The isolates were seeded on PDA medium and were incubated at 25°C for 10days. Then a petri dish culture content was inoculated to a pot that was full of soil mixture.After that, bean seeds were sawn in the post and then they were left for inoculationfor 4 Weeks. In the end Fusariam acumlnatium, F. solanland F.0xyspolUmfungi appeared to be pathogens to root rot of been.In order to determine the susceptibility of locally grown dry bean varieties. Dermason,Selanik, Barbunya and $eker to pathogen fungi, an experiment was plannedwith completely randomized block as 4 replications in lab. conditions. At the end ofthis study Dermason was found to be,resistant Selanik and Barbunyaless susceptibleand $eker susceptible.• 8ah.;:e KliltOrleri Ar~tlrma EnstitUsli - ERZiNCAN137

AKDENiz BOLGESi YEMEKLiK BAKLAGiLLERiNDE GORULEN FUNGAL HASTAUKLAR MevlOt GONcO*1986-1989 Yillannda yOrOti..ilen c;a1l9mada; Gaziantep ilinde mercimek, Gaziantep,Kahramanmara9, Adana, iyel ve Antalya illerinde nohut, Kahramanmara9, Adanave Antalya illerinde fasOlye ekili9alanlarmda fUflgal hastallkyar yonOnden sOrvey ga119rnalan yapllml9tlr. Mercimeklerde kok c;lirOklOkleri 1986-1987 Yillannda Ciyek oncesive ciyek-meyve donemlerinde slraslyla % 20.1,66.4 ve 27.6,50.6 bulunmu9,bitkiler geli9tikye hastallk oranl artml9tlr. Nohutta cicek-meyve doneminde kok vekokbogazl enfeksiyon oranl Gaziantep, Kahramanmar~, Adana, iyel ve Antalya icinsiraslyia % 19.43,50.13,68.2,72.22-80.00 ve 93.1 olmu9tur. Antraknoz hastallQI Gaziantep'de% 1.54, Kahramanmara9'da %8.02, Adana'da %13.0gibi d090k oranlardasaptanml9tlr. .Fasulye'de, kok COrOklOgO ve solgunluk hastallgl oran! Adana, Kahramanmar~ve Antalya ilinde Ciyek oncesi ve (,(iyek meyve donemlerinde siraslyia % 17.7-26.2,26.1-18.5ve 3-3.6 bulunmu9tur. Fasulyede pas ve antraknoz hastahgl dU90korandag6zlenmi9tir.Nohut, mercimek ve fasulye'de kOk (,(OruklugO ve solgunluk hastahklannda yayginfungus cinsinin Fusarlwmpp. (F.so/ani, F.oxysponMJl" F.acuminatum) olduguortaya C1km!9t1r. Bunlarln yan!ndanohutta, MacrophDmina~ fasulyedeRhizoctonia so/ani, Pythium ultimum patojen bulunmu9tur.• Zirai MOcadele Ara;;lirma EnstitOsO - ADANA138

FUNGAL DISEASES DETERMINED ON FOOD LEGUMES IN MEDITERRANEAN REGIONSeral VOcEL *Mevliit GUNCU*The survey studies were done on lentilis in Gaziantep 1740 da area, on chickpeasin Gaziantep, Kahramanmar~, Adana, k:el and Antalya 2280 da area, beans inKahramanmar~, Adana and Antalya 1609 da area In total 5629 da field were examined.Root rot of lentils before blossom and blossom-fruit stage ratios were 20.1 %,66.4% and 27.6%, SO.6% in years 1986-1987. Diseases ratio had increased by plantgrowth. In chickpea survey root rot and crown rot infection ratios 19.43, 50.13, 68.2,72.22,90.9 and 93.1 % in Gaziantep, Kahramanmara~, Adana, icel and Antalya provinces.Antracnose diseases were determined in low ratios in Gaziantep 1.54%, inKahramanmar~ 8.02%, in Adana 13;0%Crown and root rots diseases of beans before blossom and blossom-fruit stages17.7-26.2,26.1-18.5 and 3-3.6% in Adana, Kahramanmara~ and Antalya, Rust andantracnose disease were observed in low ratios.In chickpeas, lentilis and beans root rot and Wilt diseases fungi specieses weredetermineded as Fusanumspp. (F.solan;'F.oXYSPOl'um,F.acuminatum).Alsoinc;hickpeas Macrophomina phaseo/ina, in beans RhizocttJnia solan;' Pythiumu/timum were determined as a pathogens.• Zirai Mucadele Ara1;tlrma EnstitUsu - ADANA139

· .EGE BOLGESiNDE VEMEKLiK BAKLAGiLLERDE GORULEN BAKTERivEL HASTALlKLAR VE FASULYE HALE Y ANIKLlGI VE Y A YGIN YANIKLlK HASTALlKLARININ MUCADELESi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR GoniU DEMiR*Mehmet GUNDOGDU·Ege Bolgesi bakla, bezelye, fasulye ve borulce ekim alanlannda sorun olan bakteriyelhastahklann belirlenmesi amaclyla izmir, Aydin, Ballkesir, Denizli, Canakkaleve U~ak illerinde toplam 170 uretim alanl incelenmi~tir.198.4-1986 Yillannda 2 farkh fenolojik donemde (fide ve kapsul olum) yurutUlenorneklemeler sonucunda; Fasulyelerde eseri oranda Kahverengi leke (Pseudomonassyringae pv-. syringae), ozellikle Bahkesir ilinde oldukc;a yaygm olarak FasulyeHale Yanlkhgl (P.syringaepv. phaseo/ico/e) ve Bakteriyel Yanlkllk(Xanthomonascampestris pv. phaseD/I) hastallklan saptanmf~tlr.Tanllamalar izolatlann morfolojik, biyokimyasal ve patojenisite ozellikleri esasahnarak yapllml~ ve referans kulWrler pozitif kontrol olarak kullanllml~tlr.Borulce ve bezelyelerde hastahk etmeniolarak saptanan bakteriyel Wrler Turkiye'deilk kez bu c;ah~ma ile ortaya .konmu~tur.1984-86 Yillannda yuruWlen c;all~malar sonucunda bolgemiz fasulye uretimalanlannda sorun oldugu saptanan Fasulye Hale Yanlkllgl ve Yaygm yanlkhk hastahklannakar~1 tohum ve ye~il aksam uygulamalan ~eklinde c;e~itli yontemler ara~tlnlml~ancak bazllanmn fitotoksik bazllanmn ise istenen duzeyde kontrol saglamadlgl belirlenmi~tir.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsO - BornovaliZMiR140

INVESTIGATION ON BACTERIAL DISEASES DETERMINED ON FOOD LEGUMES AND CONTROL MEASURES OF THE HALO AND COMMON BLIGHT OF BEANS GonOI DEMiR*Mehmet GONDOGDU*Hundred-seventy growing areas were surveyed in Izmir, Aydin, Ballkesir, OenizIi, Canakkale and U~ak provinces to determine the bacterial diseases of broadbeans,peas, beans and cowpeas. From the resu Its of surveys carried out attwQ different stages(seedling and pooling) of growth between the years of 1984-1986, it was foundthat there were afew bacterial brown spot. (Pseudomonassyringaepv. syringae)and widely halo blight(P. syringaepv. phaseolicola) and common blight (Xanthomonascampestris pv. phaSeoll) on beans in Ballkesir. It was observed that P.syringae pv. syringae and P. viridiflova caused bacterial blights on peas. Also itwas seen that bacterial blight (X. campestris pv. vignico/a) causing blights on leaves,stems and pods on cowpea was only present in one growing-areas.Identification of the bacterial isolates have been done by the morphological, tiliochemicaland pathogenicity properties. Bacterial pathogens from especially peasand cowpeas are isolated for the first time in Turkey.In the studies, carried out betwee 1984-86, different methods of application, asseed application and application in vegatation perioO, was researched against the Beanhalo blight and common bliht diseases determined as very important bacterial diseasesin bean production areas of our region However, some of methods werephytotoxic and the others did not give the desired effects.* Zirai Mucadele Ar

EGE BOLGESiNDE VEMLiK BAKLAGiLLERDE GORULEN FUNGAL HASTALlKLAR UZERiNDE ON CALI,MALAR Samra OZ"Osman YALCIN"Ege B6lgesinde; izmir, Manisa, Bahkesir, c;anakkale illerinin fig ve yonca ekimalanlannda 1989-1990 Yillannda yapllan survey cah$malannda 92 yonca 48 fig olmakOzere toplam 140 tarla incelenmi$tir. Yoncada ye$il aksamda PIJI'OIlOsporBitrifolium,PseudopeziZll medicaginis, Stemphylium botryosum, S. vesicarium,CDiletotrichum coccodes, Phoma medicaginis, fig'de ise PtJI'OIIOspora sp,Ascochyta pis;' Erysiphe pisisaptanml$tlr.Yoncada cok az tarlada k6k ve k6kbogazl hastahklanna (Sclerotinia sclerotio~ Macrophomina phaseol;, Fusarium spp. Rhizoctonia solanl) rastlanml$.figdeise rastlanmaml$tlr.• Zirai MOcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitilsO . BornovaJizMiR142

FUNGAL DISEASES OF FODDERS IN AEGEAN REGION Semra OZ*Osman YALc;IN*The fodder fields in izmir, Manisa, Bahkesir, Canakkale provinces were surveyedin two consecutive years 1989-1990, to determine the fungal diseases. 92 medicagofields and 48 vetch fields were examined. Through these surveys PhDmamedicaginiB,Stemphylium botryosu~ S. vesicariutn, CoIJetotrichum cocctKIes, aredetermined on foliage of medicago.Perenospora sp, AscochytapiS4 Erysiphe pis4 are determined on foliage of·vetch.The root and crown rot diseases (SclBlOtinia sclBl'otiorum, Rhizoctonia $01_Fusariumspp, MacrophominaphaSBOII) were encountered in a few medicagofields, but not in vetch fields.* Zirai MOcadele Aragtlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaJiZMiR143

EGE BOLGESiNDE YEMLiK BAKLAGiLLERDE GORULEN ViRUS HASTALIKLARI UzERiNE ON CALI$MALAR 01191 FioAN* Turhan AZERI*Bu 98,h9ma, Aydin, Ballkesir, Canakkale, Denizli, izmirve Manisa iIIerindeki yemlikbaklagillerde ki virus hastallklanm saptamak amaclylayapllml9tlr. Surveyler bitkilerinc;h;ek ac;ma doneminde 137 yonca ve 36 fig tarlaslnda yapllml9tlr. Yonca uretima1anlannda % 10,6 oranlnda mozayik, belirtisi gosteren virus hastallgl saptanml9tlr.Hastallgln yayglnhgl % 27.2 ile % 100 araslnda degi9mektedir. Fig uretim alanlanndaise virus hastallglna benzer belirtiler gorulmemi9tir.Virus belirtisi gosteren altmlg ornekle yapllan mekanik inokulasyon testleri sonucundayoncalarda mozayik virusu saptanmlgtlr. Virusun fiziksel ozelliklerinden; sonseyreltme nokasl1 0- 3 - 10- 4 • slcakhkla inaktiflegme noktasl60-650C olarak belirlenmigtir.Serolojik testlerden, mikropresipitin testi sonucunda ornekler yonca mozaYlk virusuantiserumu lie pozitif sonu9 vermigtir.8 yonca ureticisinin tohumlanyla yapllan 98,ligmalar sonucunda. Yonca tohumlarlnln% 1-10 araslnda degigen oranlarda virusla bulaglk oldugu belirlenmi9tir... Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsO - BornovaliZMiR144

STUDIES ON VIRUS DISEASES OF FODDER LEGUMES IN AEGEAN REGION Olkil FIDAN'*Tuman AZERI*The present study has been carried out in order to determine the virus diseasesaffecting in AydIn, Ballkesir, Canakkale, Denizli, izmir and Manisa. Surveys were doneduring the flowers of fodder legumes. 137 alfalfa fields and 36 cow vetch fields havebeen examined.According to the survey results, it was found that existence and widespread areaof mosaic virus on alfalfa were between the rate of 27.2 % and 100 % respectively inAegean Region. The rates of the incidence of mosaic virus was 1 0.6 %in Aegean Region.According to the survey results, it wasn't found virus disease on cow vetch.Mechanical inoculations were made to the test plants from 60 samples. Alfalfa mosaicvirus isolates were found according to the symptoms produced on the test plants.The certain physical properties of viruses under study were determined. For allisolates, dilution and point were 10- 3 - 10- 4 and the thermal inactivation pOints were50-65°C. .Serological assays were performed with te antisera supplied abroad according tothe micro presipitin test.Through this study 8 different seed samples taken from the growers were foundto be infected with virus disease between 1 % and 10 %.* Zirai Mucadele Ara:?tlrma EnstitDsu BornovaliZMiR145

c. ENDUSTRi VE sus siTKiLERi HASTALIKLARI INDUSTRIAL AND ORNAMENTAL PLANT DISEASES

SAMSUN YORESi TOTuNLERiNDE ZARAR YAPAN ViRUS HASTALlKLARI UZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Seyhan YURDAKUL* Melin OZKl111..U"" Salih f;AU*Samsun-Bafra tipi tOtOn Oreten yorelerde ozeliikle Samsun'un merkez Kurugokgeve Balilca koylerinde tOtOnlerde gorOlen hastahgln c;ok yogun bula;;>lkllk gostermesive zarar yapmasl Ozerine bu ma ele almarak 1980-1984 YI"annda yOrOtOlmO;;>tOr.Hastahgm te;;>hisi ic;in bula;;>lk yerden temin edilen tOWn orneklerinden test bitkilerineinokulasyonlaryapllml;;>tJr. Bu inokulasyonlarsonucu c;e;;>itli test bitkilerinde geli;;>enbelirtilere gore hastahgl TMV (TOtOn mozayik virOsO) oldugu kanlslna vanIml;;>tl r.Etmenin son sulandlrma noktasmln 10-6' a kadar C;lkmasl, canslz ortamda 1 Ylla kadaraktivitesini korumasl, slcagaen son dayanma noktasmln 95 (± 2)OC'e kadarC;lkmasl,TMV antiserumuna mOsbet cevap vermesi ve elektron mikroskopta 300-500 nmuzunlugunda c;ubuk ;;>eklinde partikOlierin gorulmesi bu kanlYI dogrulaml;;>tlr. Ancakbazl testier sonucunda N. tabacum cv. Samsun N. alata~ N. hybrid14 D. stramoniumveCapsicumannumtestbitkllerindegeli;;>enbelirtilereTMV'nindomatesstreakve halkaleke Irkmm sebep olabilecegi gorO;;>une vanlml;;>tlr.Bula§lk yerden temin edilen toprak ve tohumlarla yapllan denemelerde TMV'nintoprak ve tohumluktaki bitki parc;aJan ile ta§mdlgl ortaya C;lkml;;>tlr.yapllan testlerde N. glutinosa ve N. tabacum cv. Xanthi N. tabacum cv.Samsun, C. annumve Petuniasp. de geli;;>en belirtilere TOtOn halkaleke virusu (Tobaccospotted wilt virus) sebep olabilecegi dO;;>unulmu;;> ancak bu konuda kesi n kanlyavanlamaml;;>tlr.Hastahgm C;lkl~1 ile c;e~itler arasmdaki ili~kiyi ara;;>tlrmak Ozere yapllan c;ali;;>madage~itler arasmdaki farkla ilgili bir sonuca vanlmaml~, hastahgm bula;;>ma oranlnln %1 'e dO~togO saptanml~ ve incelemede Samsun-Bafra(193/3), Samsun-Bafra (6591 )ve klsa bacak tutOn c;e;;>itleri arasmda da hastallk bu1a§ma oram yonunden bir farkillikgorOlmemi;;>tir... Zirai MUcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitUsU - ANKARA ** Karadeniz Tanmsal Ara$tlrma EnstitUsU - SAMSUN 148

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON VIRUS DISEASES OF TOBACCO IN SAMSUN AREA Seyhan YURDAKUL * Metin OZKUTLU** Sallh CALI*This study based on disease causing great contamination and damage to tobacco(type: Samsun-Bafra) growi ng areas in Samsun province has been carried out between1 980-1984.In order to diagnose the causal agent, inoculations were made into indicatorhosts by using the samples taken from the diseased plants. Tobacco mosaicvirus(TMV) was diagnosed according to the symptoms occured on the indicator hosts ofNicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, cv. Xanthi, N. glutinosl4 Datura stramonium,Lycopersicon esculentu"" Chenopodium amaranticolor, Phaseolus vulgaris.TMV was confirmed byfollowing data obtained: The dil ution end-point 1 0- 6 , longevityin vitro up to one year, the thermal inactivation point 95(± 2)OC, positive resultsto TMV antiserum and rod-shaped particles sized between 300 and 500 rim long inelectronmicroscope.Symtoms on N. tabacumcv. Samsun, N. alatl4 N. hybridl4 D. stramoniumand Capsicum annuum inoculated indicators made vs think tomato streak andringspot strains of TMV were present in samples taken from the diseased plants.Since the indicator, N. tabacum cv. Samsun, pianted into soil supplied from diseasedarea have showed TMV symptoms, the transmission has been done by theplant parts in soil. However, TMV symptoms have been taken from the indicatorswhen seeds of diseased plants used as inoculum source, so that the transmission tookplace through the plant parts mixed in seeds.Symptoms, in some tests, taken from the indicators of N. glutinosa, N. tabacumcv.Xanthi, Samsun, C. annuumand Petuniasp made us think that the agentcould probably be either Tobacco ring spot or Tomato spotted wilt virus.No correlation was found between the disease occurance and the plant cultivarsin the trials of which the disease incidence dropped to 1 %. In addition to this, thediseaseincidence did not show any difference among the tobacco cultivars of SamsunBafr 4a (193/3), Samsun-Bafra (6591) and Klsa bacak (short leg).* Zirai M"Ocadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA** Karadeniz Tanmsal Ara~tlrma EnstitOsO - SAMSUN149

AFYON iLiNDE HA$HA$TA SAPTANAN DNEMU HASTALlKLARVE BUNLARIN KAPSULDEKI TOHUM MIKTARIIL.I! MORF'IN VI! VAG ORANINA ETKiLERiNiN ARA$TIRILMASI Sevin~ KOCATURK* GOlay TUNCER* Ismail TOK ....Ha9ha9ta (Papaversomniferum l.) hastahk yapan fungal etmenler ve yogunluklannlbelirlemek uzere 1988-1989 Yillannda ha9ha9 ekiminin en fazla yaplldlQI Afyon'dabi r survey 9ali9masl yurutOlmu9Wr. Surveyler fide, 9igeklenme ve kapsul olumd6nemlerinde yapllmI9t1r. Aynca bitkinin her d6neminde hastahk Olu9turan Dendryphionpapaveris(Saw.) Sawada'mn kapsOldeki tohum, morlin ve yag miktannaetkileri de incelenmil?tir.SOrvey!erde fide ve 9icekienme d6nemlerinde slraslyla mildiy6 % 3.45 ve %0.18, yaprak lekesi % 0.46 ve % 0.18, kuruma % 0.34 ve % 0.18; kapsul d6nemindemildiy6 % 0.26, govde yanlkhgl % 0.8 ve kapsulleke ve yanlkligl % 4.16 oranlanndabulunmu9tur. Hastahkh bitkilerin laboratuvardaki incelemelerine gore; mildiy6 etmeniPeronospora arborescens bitkinin her devresinde, diger etmenlerden % 50 D.papaveriSy % 25 Fusariumspp., % 6.25 A1ternariaspp. fide devresinde; % 64.2Alternaria spp., % 14.2 D. papaveriSy % 7.1 oranlnda Fusarium spp., Rhizoctoniasp.,Cladosporiumsp. ciceklenm'e devresinde; % 47.9 A1ternariaspp., % 39.5D. papaveris ve % 12.5 Qadosporium sp kapsOI devresinde tesbit edilmi9tir.KapsOI olum doneminde 0-3 skalasma gore alman kapsullerde D.papaveris'inkapsOldeki tohum miktarma etkide bulundugu saptanml9tlr. Hastahk oranmdaki artl9kapsOllerdeki tohum miktannda azalmaya neden olmu9 ve bu azalma istatistiki yondenonemli bulunmul?tur, AYnlgekiide hastalik oranlndaki artl9 tohumdaki yag ve kapsOldekimorlin oranlannda azalmaya neden olmu9tur.~izelge 1· Hastahkll ve saglam ha9ha9 kapsOllerinde tohum miktan ileyag ve mortinoranlan (10 tekerrOr ortalamasl)Hastallkll KapsiildeSaglam KapsiildeSkala Toh. mik. Vag Morfin Toh. mik. Vag MorfinDegen g/kapsul%% glkapsul %%1 4.14 43.20 0,58 5.25 45.86 0.502 3.24 44,78 0.48 4.95 54.70 0.543 1.57 36.20 0.44 3.71 46.80 0.60• Zirai MUcadele Ara~tlrma Enstilusu ANKARA•• Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi Afyon Alkoloit. Fab. Bolvadinl AFYON150

THE INVESTIGATION ON THE IMPORTANT DISEASES ESTABLISHED ON OPIUM IN AFYON PROVINCES AND THI!IR I!FFI!CTIVENESS ON THE MORPHINE., OIL CONTENTS AND THE AMOUNT OF SEEDS IN CAPSULES Sevln~ KOCATORK* GOlay TUNCER* Ismail TOK**A survey study was carried out to determine the fungous diseases and their densityon opium plants in Afyon provinces in the years 1988-1989. The surveys wereconducted in seedling, flowering and capsule periods. In addition to surveys the effectof Dentryphion papaveris(Saw.) Sawada on morphine, oil contents and theamount of seed were investigated.In seedling and flowering periods mildew were estimated as 3.45 and 0.18 %, leafspotsas 0.46and 0.18 %, withering as 0.34 and 0.8 % respectively. In capsule periodmildew was determined as 0.26 %, blight simptoms on stem and capsule as 0.8 %and 4.16 % respetcively. According to the investigations of diseased plants in the laboratory,the causing agent of mildew, Peronospora arborescens, was seen inevery period of the growing plant. Other agents like D. papaveriswere determine tobe 50 %, Fusariumspp. as 25 % and Alternariaspp. 6.25 %, D.papaveris14.2 %and Fusariumspp. as 25 % and Alternariaspp. 625 %, D,papaveris14.2 % andFusariumspp., Rhizoctoniaspp. 47.9 %, D. papaveris39.5 % and Qadosporiumsp. as 12.5 % in capsule stage.When the capsule were ripened, the samples of heads were picked up accordingto the 0-3 scale and these were analysed to check up the effect of D. papaveris onmortine, oil contents and amount of seeds. At the end of these analysises, the increasein the ratio of the disease caused a decrease in the amount of the seeds in the capsules.This decrease was determined to be significant by means of statistics. Similarlythe increase of disease caused a decrease in the oil and morpihen contents (Table 1.).Table 1- The amount of seed, oil and morphine contents of diseased and healthyopium capsules (as the average of ten replications.)Diseased capsulesHealthy capsulesSeed Oil Morphine Seed Oil MorphineSeale gleapsule % % gleapsule % %1 4.14 43.20 0.58 5.25 45.86 0.502 3.24 44.78 0.48 4.95 54.70 0.543 1.57 36.20 0.44 3.71 46.80 0.60• Zirai Mucadele Ara$tlrma EnstitUsu - ANKARA** Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi Afyon Alkoloit Fab. - Bolvadinl AFYON151

D. MEYVE VE BAG HASTALIKLARI FRUIT AND VINE DISEASES

GUNEYDOGU ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE ELMAAGA~LARINDA ZARAR YAPAN ELMA KARALEKESi(VENTURIA INAEQUALIS (CKE.) WINT.) MUCADELESiNDETAHMiN VE UYARI SiSTEMINiN GELiffiRiLMESi VEUYGULANMASI UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALARllhan KURAL*Sel\senli Yillarda elma agat;lannlnm iki onemli zararllSI elma i

APPUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FORECAST AND WARNING SYSTEM IN THE CONTROL OF ·APPLE SCAB (VERTURIA INAEQUALIS (CKE.) WlNT) IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOUAN REGION lihan KURAL*Nationwide forecast and warning projects were q:mducted aiming effective economicalcontrol of the two most important apple pests, apple scab and codling moth,in the eighties. This study were carried out between 1984-1986 at 4 stations in Diyarbaklr,Malatya, and Elazlg.Apple scab forecast system was based on the biology of the fungus, phenologyof the apple trees, and climatic factors. Ascospore release was observed as an initialinoculum source. Leaf wetness duration and temperature were recorded during theascospore release, and infection periods, were determined according to Mills table.Fungicide applications were made according to infection periods regarding its' modeof action and duration of effectiveness. When itcompared to classical apple scab controlmethod, the number of fungicide application was reduced and also better controlof apple scab was achived. Even in 1986, there were not any infection period and anychemical spray application at one station in MalatyaAgricultural High School. As a result,there was not any scab symptoms on apple trees for three recomended fungicideapplications in technical bulletin. So it was a big saving to escape from fungicide.Similar results were obtained in ~ractice, in later years." Zirai Mucadele Ara!?trrma EnstitUsu - DiYARBAKIR155

KARADENiz BOLGESiNDE ELMA KARALEKESi(VENTURIA INAEQUAL/S (eKe.) WINT.) HASTALIGINAKAR$I" iLACDENEMESiOsman (:AKIR*Salih CEYLAN*Ruhsata esas olmak Ozere Tecto 60 WP ve Systhane 12 Eilaclanmn biyolojik aktivitesiBenlate ilacmmki ile mukayeseti olarak denendi. Deneme 1 986 - 1987 tarihindeGelemende EnstitO deneme bahcesinde Starking elma ge~iti Ozerinde tesadOf blokIan deneme desenine gore (5 karakter, 5 tekerrOr, iki agac;: bir parseI olmak kaydtyla)yOrOtOlmO~tOr.Yapllan 6 ilaclamasonunda, saYlmlar 13.7.1 987 tarihinde her agacm dortyonOnden1OOyaprak toplanarak yapllml~tlr. Tecto60 WP ilaclnln % 0.1 'lik dozu % 17.7 oranmda,Systhane 12 E ilaclhm % 0.03'IOk dozu % 93.0, % 0.04'luk dozu % 94.6 oramndaetki saglaml~tlr. Mukayese ilaci olarak denemeye alman Benlate Fungucide'in% 0.06'llk dozu % 31.2 oranmda etkili olmu~tur.Denemeden elde edilen sOnlJclara gore Systhane 12 E ilaclntn iki dozunun Karalekehastallgma kar~1 kullanllabilecegi, Tecto 60WP Ilacmm ise kullamlamayacagl kanlslnavanlml~tlr.* Zirai Mucadele Ara:?tlrma EnstitOsO - SAMSUN156

CHEMICAL TEST AGAINST APPLE SCAB (VENTURIA INAEOUALIS (eKE.) WINT.) IN THE BLACK SEA REGION OF TURKEY Osman CAKIR*Sallh CEYLAN*Tecto 60 WP and Systhane 12 E were tested against Scab ( Venturia inaequalis(Cke.) Wint.) Compared with.Benlate. The trial was made on the variey starking applein institute's experimental orchard ofClnarhk(Samsun) during 1986-1987. Theexperimentwas set up according to randomized black design with 5charactersand 5 replitationsconsidering 2 trees as a plot.' . ,A hundred leaves were picked from eaCh tree and evaluated based on 0-4 scaleon 13.7.1987 after 6 applications. Tecto'60WPatO.1 %, Systhane 12EatO.03 % andSysthane 12 Eat 0.04 % gave 17.7 %, 93.0 % and 94.6 % effectivenes respectively.Benlate as a tompared chemical,at 0.06 ,% gave 31.2 % effectiveness.According to then3sults, Systhane12 Ecan be used of the tested both rates againstapple scab, while Tecto 60 WP is:not recommendable against the disease .• Zirai MOcadele Ara:;;tlrma EnstitOsO - SAMSUN .157

ANTALYA iLiNDE YUMU$AK C;EKiRDEKLi MEYVEAGAc;LARINDA GORULEN ATE$ YANIKUGI HASTAUGI(ERWINIA A!vf.YLO~ORA (~URRILL) WINSLOW ET AL)UZERINDE ON C;ALI$MALAROya DEVELlER*HOIya DAMDERE*Antalya ilinde, yumu~ak t;ekirdekli meyve agaQlannda gorOlen Atel? yaklnllQI hastallgl(Erwinls amylovora Burr. Winslow et al.)'mn yaygmhk durumunu saptamakamaclyla 1988 Ylhnda survey yapllmll?tlr. Surveyde, Qok bOyOk bahQeler bulunmadlglndandolay bahQe bOyOklOgO ne olursa olsun agaQlann WmO kontrol edilmil?tir.Antalya ilinde; armu~, elma ve ayvanm Oretiminde merkez olan Elmall ve KorkuteliilGelerinde, armut ve layvalarda hastahga yakalanma oranlnln Korkuteli'nde dahayOksek oldugu saptanml$tir.Serik, Manavgat, Kumluca ve Merkez ilQelerde genellikle ahlat ve ahlat OzerineCl9111 armutlar bulunmaktadlr. Bunlarda hastallga yakalanma oranl ve hastahk l?iddetininoldukQa yOksek oldugu gorOlmOl?tUr.Alanya ve Merkez ilGede Qok az saYlda ayva agaci vardlr. Bunlarda hastallga rastlanmamll?tlr.Serik'de iseyine az saYldaki ayvaagaQlanndahastahgayakalanmaoramnlnyOksek oldugu gorOlm~tOr.Elmalarda sOrveyler, armut ile kanl?lk bahQelerde yapllmll?tlr.YenidOnyalarda ise hastallga Sarik ilQesi dll?lnda rastlanmamll?tlr.1988 Ylhndayapllan bu c;a11~madaAtel? yanlkhgl hastallglnail dOzeyindeyakalanmaoranl,armutta % 26.27, ayvada % 52.23, yenidOnyalarda % 0.28, elmalarda % 0.1bulunmu~tur.* Narenciye Ara~tlrma EnstitOsu - ANTALYA158

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE FIREBLIGHTDISEASE(ERWINIA AMYLOVORA (BURRILL) WINSLOW ET AL.)ON POME FRUIT TREES IN ANTALYA PROVINCEOya DEVELIER"HUiya DAMDERE"With the aim of determining the extention offire blight disease on pome fruit treesin Antalya province, the survey studies was carried outin 1988. All trees were examinedbecause of non existing of large orchards in above mentioned districts.It was found out that the infestation rate of disease was higher in Korkuteli districtthan Elmali, Both districts are very important about pome fruit growing.Generally, wild pear and pear grafted on wild pear are wide spread in Serik andManavgat, Kumluca and Antalya districts. It was found out that the infestation rate andincidence of disease was extremely high on those trees.Quince trees are scarce in Alanya and Antalya districts. Any disease was foundon those trees. But, in Serik districts the infestitation rate was high on quince trees,although it was also scarce like mentioned districts. 'Survey studies was done in apple orchards which were planted,together with pears.Any disease were seen on loquats whole region, but Serik district.With this study done in 1988, the i nfestitation rate offireblightdisease was on pear26.27 %, quince 23.52 %, loquat 0.28 %, apple 0.1 %.• Narenciye Ara~tlrma EnstitlisOANTALYA159

GOLDEN DElicious ELMALARINDA BAZI PESTisiDLERiN PASLANMA VA OLAN ETKiLERi Kemal BENLloGLU'"Meral GURER'"Bu c;:ah:;;ma, Golden Delicious elmalannda bazl pestisidlerin meyve paslanmaslOzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek ve Epargol isimli bir kimyasalm paslanmaYI azaltici etkisinisaptamak amaay.ia ele ahnml:;;tlr.Denemeler 1984 - 1985 Yillannda, Ankara'da 10 ya9h Golden DelicioUs elmaagaylanndan kurulu bir bahe;:ede yOrOtOlm09tOr. Kimyasal mOcadele programlan dahilinde,Baklr oksiklorOr 50 WP, Dodine 65 WP, Propineb 70 WP, Benomyl50 WP,Azinphos ethyl 40 EC ve Phosalon 35 WP ilae;:lanmn paslanmaya olan etki leri ara9tl n1ml:;;tlr. Aynca KOkOrtve Bor ic;:eren epargol, e;:ic;:eklenme b~langlclndan gene;: meyvelerin25 mm e;:ap aldlgl devreye kadar sOren paslanmaya hassas donemde 1 0 gOn arahklarla5'defa agae;:lara uygulanml:;;tlr.Bulgular, E}aklr oksiklorOr lie Azinphos ethyl'in % 40.2'den % 54.3'e kadar degi:;;en oranlarda:;;iddetli paslanmayaneden oldugunu, Dodin'in % 15.6, Propineb'in %12.5, Benomyl'in % 11.1, Zineb'in % 9.4 ve Phosalon'un % 6.6 oramnda paslanmaolu:;;turdugunu gostermi:;;tir. Epargol ortalama % 50-68 oranmda paslanmaYI azaltml:;;tlr.Sonue;: olarak ozellikle Baklr oksiklorOr, Azinphos ethyl ve Dodine uygulamalannmhassas devrede paslanmaya neden olabileceginden dolaYI onerilmemesi kamslnavanlml9tlr.* lirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA160

THE INFLUENCE OF SOME PESTICIDES ON RUSSElTINGOF GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLESKemal BENLioGLU·Meral GURER·This study has been undertaken in order to reveal possible effects of some pesticideson fruit russetting of Golden Delicious apples;and to determine the russet reducingeffect of a chemical named Epargol.Experiments were carried out in an orchard planted with 1 0 year old Golden Deliciousapple trees in Ankara in the years of 1984 to 1985. The influence of pesticides;Copper oxychloride 50 WP, Dodine 65 WP, Propineb 70 WP, Benomyl50 WP I Azinphosethyl 40 EC,and Phosalon 35 WP, on fruit russetting was investigated by applyingthese, in chemical treatment programmes. As for Epargol, consisting of sulphur andboron, was used by spraying trees 5 times at 10 day intervals during sensitive periodof russetting, lasting from the beginning of flowering stage up tofruitlets becoming 25mm diameter.The results showed that Copper oxychloride and Azinphos ethyl caused severelyrussettingon fruits ranging from 40.2 % to 54.3 % while Dodineat15.6 %, Propinebat 12,5 %, Benomyl at 11.1 %, Zineb at 9.4 %, Phosalon at 6.6 % induced russetting.Epargol reduced russetting at the rate of 50-68 % averagely.It was concluded that particularly Copper oxychloride, Azynphos ethyl and Dodineapplications were not reccomended during the sensitive period as they might causerussetting.* Zirai Mucadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsu ANKARA161

SAMSUN iLi $EFTAU (PRUNUS PERSICA L.)'LERiNDE GORULEN KURUMALARIN NEDENLERi OZERiNDE CALI$MALAR Sallh CEYLAN"Osman eAKIR"Samsun iii !?eftalilerinde gorulen kurumalann nedenleri, yayllt!? alanlan ve bula!?Ikhhk oranlan m tespit etmek amaclyla Samsun Merkezde 40, Car!?ambailcesinde ise20 bahcede ciceklenme ve meyve olgunla!?ma devresi olmak uzere iki a!?amada surveycall!?masl 1983 Ylltnda yurutulmu!?tiir.Bu call!?mayla !?eftali kurumalanna, Armillaria mellea (Vahl.) Quel., Valsa sp.ve Taphrina defonnans (Berk.) Tull. gibi fungal etmenlerle, paraziter olmayan; gumu!?hastallgl, kloroz, ya!?"hk, derin dikim, sudan bogulma gibi etmenlerin neden 01dugu tespit edilmi!?tir.Tespit edilen etmenlerin bula!?maoranlan Samsun Merkezde % 0.03-2.59, Car!?amba ih;esinde ise % 0.03-2.15 arasmda degi!?mi!?tir.Survey neticesinde A.melleave Valsasp. gibi funguslar bolge !?eftalilerinde ilkdefa tespit edilmi!?tir.Karantina, mucadele ve diger kultiirel i!?lemlerin daha iyi uygulanmaslyla bu etmenlerdenileri gelen kurumalarda azalma gorUiecektir... Karadeniz Tanmsal Ar~tlrma EnstitUsU - SAMSUN162

STUDIES ON THE CAUSE OF DRYING OCCURRING ON PEACH TREES (PRUNUS PERSICA L.) IN SAMSUN PROVINCE OF TURKEY Salih CEVLAN*Osman ~AKIR*A survey was carried out both in flowering and fruit ripening stages in Central (in40 orchard) and Car~amba (in 20 orchard) counties in Samsun in 1983 to determinethe causes, distribution-and rate of drying occurring on peach trees in Samsun.It has been found that fungi namely Armillaria mellea(Vahl.) Que!., Valsasp.,Taphrinadeformans(Berk.) Tull., and the factors such as false silver leaf, chlorosis,aging,'deep planting, excess water and fertilizer injury are cause of the drying of peachtrees.The rate of drying was found to be ranging from 0.13 % to 2.59 % in central countyand b.03 % to 2.15 % in Car~amba county in Samsun.Occurrenc~ of A. melleaand Valsasp. on the peach trees in the Black Sea Regionof Turkey have been first recorded by this study.It is concluded that plant quarantine control measures and cultural practices preventthe drying of peach trees to a great extent• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ara$tlrma EnstitOsu - SAMSUN163

KARADENiz BOLGESiNDE KiRAZ (PRUNUS AVIUM L.) VE VI$NE (PRUNUS CERASUS L.)'LERDE YAPRAK KURUMA VE OOKULMELERiNE NEDEN OLAN ETMENiN TESPiTi Salih CEYLAN"Osman ~AKIR*Kiraz ve vi~nelerin yaprak, meyve ve meyve saplannda lekeler olu~turarak yaprakkuruma ve d6kOImesine neden olan etmeni saptamak amaclyla bu Gah~ma 1984Yllinda Amasya, Tokat, Kastamonu ve Sarnsun iIIerinde yOrOtUlmO~tOr. Cali~malarSonucunda hastahk olu~turan etmenin B/umerle//ajaapii(Rehm.) v. Arx. CDccomyceshiema/is Higgins, imperfekt formu Cy/indrosponumpadi(Lib.) Karst.)fungusu oldugu saptanml~tIr.Dogal ko~ullarda fungusun meydana getirdigi leke GaPI; yapraklarda 0.5-3 mm,meyvede 0.5-2 mm ve meyve saplnda 1-5 mm bOyOklOktedir.Fungus, hastalik olu~turdugu yaprak, meyve ve meyve sapi Ozerinde aservuluslarmeydana getirmektedir. Aservuluslarda Gok saYlda renksiz, ince, uzun, silindirik,hafif egri veyaGok kavisli, genellikle b61mesiz veyab61meli, nadiren iki b61meli konidilerrneydana gelmektedir. Dogal ko~ullarda meydana gelen konidilerin ortalama boyutlankirazda56.25 +0.1400 x 3.23+0.0026 u, vi~nedeise58.61 +0.1572 x 3.19+ 0.0037 u 'dur. KOltOr ortamlnda meydana gelen konidi boyutlarl58.53 + 0.3090 x3.28 + 0.0183 u 'duroThiamin (B1 vitamini) eklenerek yapllan izolasyon Gali~malarlnda denemeye allnantOm ortamlarda fungus geli~mi~tir. Ortamlar Ozerinde fungus baslk yarlm kOre biGiminde GOk yav~ geli~mi~tir. En iyi geli~me Patetes Dekstroz Agar, Malt EkstraktAgar, Magie (1935) ve Blumer (1958) ortamlarlnda olmu~tur.Ortalama22.0 D C (19.9 - 22.8 DC) slcakhktave % 72.8 (% 63.7 - % 86) nisbi nemko~ullarlnda fungusun inkubasyon sOresi yedi gOndOr.Enfekteli kiraz ve vi~ne yapraklanndan hazlrlanml~ inokulumla bahGe ko~ullanndayapllanGaPraz inokulasyon denemesinde etmen her iki meyvetOrunO (kirazve vi~ne)de hastalandlrml~tlr..• Karadeniz Tanmsal Ara:?tlrma EnstitUsu - SAMSUN164

STUDIES ON THE DETERMINATIONS OF AGENTCAUSING DYING AND DEFOLlA110N ON CHERRY TREES(PRUNUS A VIUM L) AND MORELLO CHERRY TREES(PRUNUS CERASUSL) IN THE BLACK SEA REGION OFTURKEYSalih CEYLAN"Osman eAKIR"This study was carried in the Amasya, Tokat. Kastamonu and Samsun in 1984.The result of the stud ies showed that the agect causing spot on leaves, fruits and petiolesas well as dying and defoliation on cerry trees and morella cherry trees trees isfungus, BlumerlBllajaapii(Rehm.) v. Arx. (=CoccomyceshiemalisHiggins; imperfectform: Cylindrosporium padi(Lib.) Karst.)The size of naturally occurring spot is 0.5 - 3 mm on leaves, 1 - 5 mm on petiolesand 0.5-2 mm on fruits.The fungus causes forming of acervuli on leaves, fruits and petioles. Acervuliproduce many hyaline, slender, cylindrical, slighlycurve or curved, often non-septateor one-septate, rarely two-septate conidia The size of naturally occurring conidia is56.25+0.1400 x 3.25+0.0026 u on cherry and 58.61 +0.1572 X3.19+0.0037 uon morellacherry, while under cultural condition Is 58.53 +0.3090 x 3.28+0.0183 uThe fungus was isolated from all the media which Thiamin (vitamin 8 1 ) was addedand the fungus developed very slowly and hemispherical in shape on this media.Among tested the fungus exhibited the best development on patoto dextros agar,malt extract agar, Magie's medium (1935) and Blumer's medium (1958).In the inoculation test made at temperature of 22.0oC (19.9 - 22.8°C) and 72.8 %(63.7 % - 86.0 %) relative humidity the incubation period of the fungus as 7 days(when the early spots appear) and after 2 days cream color conidia masses dischargedfrom acervuli.In the cross incoulation tests made under orchard conditions with inoculum ma-'de using cherry and morelio cherry leaves the causal agent infected both of them ... Karadeniz Tanmsal Aragtlrma EnstitOsO - SAMSUN165

KARADENiz BOLGESiNDE KiRAZ VE Vi$NELERDEKiRAZ YAPRAK LEKESi (BLUMER/ELLA JMP//(REHM.)V.ARX) HASTALIGI OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR .Sallh CEYLAN*Osman C;AKIR*Cali1;>ma kiraz yaprakJekesi hastaliglnln bul~lklilik oranlnln, ~e1;>itlerin hastaligayakalanmadurumlanmn, ekolojik k01;>u II aria hastalik ~lkl1;>1 ve ilerlemesi araslndaki 11i1;>kinintespit edilmesi i~in 1986-1989 Yilian araslndaAmasya, Tokat ve Samsun illerindeyOrOt9Im01;>tUr. .HaStaliga yakalanma oram1986 YllindaAmasya'da kiraz aga~lannda%6.8, vi1;>neaga~lannda % 19.3, kiraz fidanlannda % 18. 7 ve vi1;>ne fidanlarlnda %51.5; Tokat ilindekirazaga~lannda%7.9, vi1;>neaga~lannda %30.1 'dir. Bu ildefidanllklardahastallgarastlanmaml1;>tlr. Hastallk 1;>iddeti ise Amasya'da kiraz aga~lannda %22.1 vi1;>ne aga~lannda%23.8, kiraz fidanlannda 0/050.2 ve vi1;>ne fidanlannda %33.5; Tokat ilinde kirazaga~lannda %28.7, vi1;>ne aga~Iar.lnda %22.3'tUr.Bing, Napoleon, Van, Labert, Early Burlate, Turfanda, Berryessa, Selffertil, MertonMarvel ve Karagevrek kiraz ~e1;>itleriyle KOtahya vi1;>nesi dogal olarak hastallga ~okhassastlr.Apotesler 1988 Yllinda 20 martta 1989'da 13 MarUa olgunla1;>ml1;>lardlr. Enfeksiyonauygun ilk yapraklar, apoteslerin olgunl~maslndan, birinci Yl128 gOn, ikinci YII ise29 gOn sonra olu1;>mu1;>tur.Enfeksiyon k01;>ullan, ilk enfeksiyona uygun yaprak olu1;>umundan EylOI ayl sonu"na kadar tutulmu1;>tur. Enfeksiyon k01;>ullannln belirlenmesinde Lufft Marka yaprak ISlaklikkaydecisi aleti kullamlml1;>tlr. Bu esaslaragore Samsun'da 1988 Yllinda 7 aglr, 12orta, 42 hafif olmak Ozere 61 adet enfeksiyon k01;>ulu, 1989'da4 aglr, 9 orta ve 38 hafif01 mak Ozere 51 adet enfeksiyon k01;>uju olu1;>mu1;>tur. En fazla enfeksiyon k01;>ulu Haziranayl sonuna kadardlr.1988 ve 1989YlllafindaSamsun'daKOtahya vi1;>ne ~e1;>iti Ozerinde ilk hastalik belirtisidegi1;>ik tarihlerde gorOlmesine ragmen hastalik 1;>idetti 20 Haziran 1988'de%97.6, ve 16 Haziran 1989'da %89.2 oranlndaolmu1;> ve sezon boyuncaaym seviyededevam etmi1;>tir.* Karadeniz Tanmsal ArCl$tlrma EnstitUsO - SAMSUN166

RESEARCH ON THE CHERRY LEAF SPOT (BLUMER/ELLA JMPII (REHM.) (V.ARX) ON CHERY AND MODELLO CHERRY TREES ON THE BLACK SEA REGION SaUh CEYLAN*Osman C;AKIR*This study was conducted in Amasya, Tokat and Samsun province between1986 and 1989 to determine the incidence of cherry leaf spot (Blumerie/la jaapii(Rehm.) V.Arx) and susceptibility of the cherry and morel 10 cherry varieties, as well asthe relationship between ecological conditions and development of the disease.In 1986, the incidence of the disease was 6.8% in cherry trees 19,3% in morellocherry, 18.7 in young cherry trees and51.5% inyoung morellocherrytrees in Amasya,while jtwas 7.9% in cherry trees, 30.1 % in morellocherrytrees in Tokatwherethedisease has not been observed in the nurseries. The severity of the disease was22.1 % in cherry trees, 23.8% in morello cherry, 50.2% in young cherry trees, 33.5%in young morello cherry trees in Amasya, 28.7% in morelio cherry trees, 50.2% in youngcherry trees, 33.5% in young moreUo cherry trees in Amasya, 28.7% in cherrytrees, 22.3% in morello cherry trees in Tokat.Cherry varieties, Bing, Napoleon, Van, Lambert, Early Burlate, Turfanda, Bariyessa,Selffertil, Merton Marvel and Karagevrek and Morello cherry variety, KOtahyaare very susceptible to this disease.Apothecia attained maturity on 20 March in 1988, on 13March in 1989. The earlyleaves liable to infection formed 28 and 29 days afterthe apotheciamaturation in 1988and 1989 respectivelly.Infection periods were recorded from early leaf formation into late Septemberusing Luft leaf wetness recorder. During 1988 in Samsun 7 heavy, 12 moderate and42 light infection periods were recorded, while in 1989 there were 4 heavy, 9 moderqteand 38 light infection periods.During 1988 and 1989 in Samsun the early symptoms were observed in morellocherry variety, KOtahya at different times. The severity of the disease was 97.6% onJune 20, 1988, 89.2% on June 16, 1989 and continued athe same level all the season... Karadeniz Tanmsai Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - SAMSUN167

BAG KULLEMESiNE (UNCINULA NECATOR "SCHWEIN" BURR.) KAR$I UYGUN MUCADELE METODUNUN TESpiTi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Kenan TURAN* Seblha TOKGONOL *Bag kOliemesi ile mOcadelede zirai mOcadele teknik talimatlna gore yapllan ilk ikiilaclama araslnda, farkh yorelere gore 42 gOne kadar c,kan bir zaman arahgl vardlr; buolumsuzlugun ortadan kaldmlmasl ve uygun mOcadele metodunun bulunmasl amaclyla,degi§ik programlarla farkh ilaclamalar yaplldl. Super Solor 73 WP (kOkOrt 73) ile3 farKh yerdeki bagda yapllan ilaclamalarda, zirai mOcadele teknik talimatl esaslannagoreyapllan ilaclamalardan %91.19. %93.11, %92.94; koruklannsacmadanesi iriligidoneminde ba~latllarak yapllan ilaclamalardan %87.26, %83.15, %96.54 ve hastahkbelirtisinin ilk gorOldOgO tarihten itibaren ba§latllarak yapllan ilaclamalardan %81.02,%75.34 ve %91.22 oranrnda b~an elde edildi. Topas 100 EC'nin (Penconazole 10)kullandlgl diger bir denemede ise zirai mOcadele teknik talimatlna gore yapllan ilk ikiilaclamanln araslna bir uygulamanln daha ilavesiyle yapllan ilaclamalardan %100.00,ilk iki ilaclama araslndaki donemde, Cicek aClmlndan once ba§latllan ilaclamalardan%99.28 oramnda ba§an elde edildi.* Zirai MOcadele Ara!?tlrma EnstitOsO ADANA168

RECHERCHE DE METHODE CONVENABLE DE LUTTECONTRE L'OIDIUM DE LA VIGNE (UNCINULA NECATOR"SCHWEIN." BURR.)Kenan TURA.N"Sebiha TOKGONOL"Selon lamethode officielie deluttede l'Oidium dalevigne, il ya undelai de tempsqui atteint jusqu'a 42 jours, entre les deux premieres pulverisations du produit chimique.Pour supprimer cette irregularite' et trouver la methode convenable de lutte, on aapplique des pulverisations en programmes variees, dans 3 vignes, loine I'une deI'autre, ou qn a employe super solor 73 WP (souffree 73).Les resultats d'efficacite des p'rogrammes de traitement sont; 91.19%,93.11 %,92.94% selon la methode officielle'de lutte de I 'Oidium de lavigne; 87.26%, 83.15%,96.54% avec Ie programme dont la premiere pulverisation aete applique dans laperiodeou la dimension das grains du raisin etait atte1nte au grandeur d'un plus pelitplomb de chasse; 81.02%,75.34%,91.22% par Ie traitement commence apartird'avoirvl.lle symptome de la

E. SUBTROPiKAL BiTKi HASTALIKLARI SUBTROPICAL PLANT DISEASES

TURUNCGILLERDE DEMIR NOKSANUGI KLOROZUNA KAR$I ONERiLEN PREPARATLARIN DEGERLENDiRiLMESiNDE KULLANILAN SKALA METODUNUN ANAUZ METODUYLA KAR$ILA$nRILMASI Kenan TURAN* Sebiha TOKGONUL *Turunr;:gillerde demir noksanhgl klorozuna karl:?I etkili preparatlann sec;;:imindekullanllan standart deneme metodunun skala degerlerinin dogru olup .olmadlglnlar~tlrmak amaclyla yapllan bu r;:ahl:?mada EDDHA Na Fe %6 demir kileytin granOI vetoz formIan kullanlldl. IIkbahar'da 12 y~lndaki interdonato limon bahr;:esinde, heragacin tar;: izdOl:?OmO c;;:evresinde, 15-20 em derinlik ve genil:?likte kanklar ar;:lldl; agar;:bal:?lna EDDHA NaFe %6 demir kileytin granOI formu Sequestrene 138 Fe 100 SG' nin150 g, 200 g, 300 g, 500 ve toz formu Sequestrene 138 FE'nin 200 9 ve 300 9 dozlansuda eritelerek kanklara dokOldO. Kanklann Ozeri toprakla kapatlldl. 8ahc;;:ede ihtiyaeagore sulama yaplldl.Degerlendirme, Sonbahar' da 4-7 ayh k meyvesiz sOrg Onlerin ur;: ve dip taraflanndakiyapraklarda yaplldl. Yapraklann, analiz yoluyla demir seviyeleri; renk skalasl uygulamaslyla,indeks degerleri ve ye~iIIenme oranlantesbit edildi. Yapllan bu degerlendirmeninsonunda topraktan verilen EDDHA Na Fe %6 demir kileytin her iki formdada (granOI ve toz) interdonato limon agar;:lan taraflndan ailndlgl, kullamlan dozlarabagll olarak yapraklarda meydana gelen yel:?illenme seviyelerinin standart denememetodu skala degeriyle uyumlu oldugu ortaya kondu.• Zirai Mucadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsu - ADANA172

COMPARAISON DE LA METHODE DE D~GR~ DE COULEUR DES FEUILLES ET DE LA METHODE D'ANALYSE POUR EVALUER LES PR~PARATES QU'ON PROPOSE CONTRE LA CARENCE EN FER D'AGRUMES Kenan TURAN*Seblha TOKGONOL*Cette recherche a ete faite pour determiner si I'echelle de couleur du methode(Ie degree de verdissement des feuilles) qu.'on emploie pour choisir d'efficaces produitsferreux, contre la carente en fer d'agrumes est convenable. Au Printemps, on amis Ie 'chelate de EDDHA NaFe 6%, en deux formes (granule et poussiere) eten differentsdoses, dans Ie sol de risosphere des citronniers Interdonato qui ont 12 ans.En automne, d'une part on aanalyse des feuilles apicales et basales des branches quiont4-7 rnoisd'autre part, sur les memes feuilleson aapplique I'echelledecouleuroumethode pour det~rminer Ie degre de verdissement et I'amelioration des arbres.En conclusion, les deux formes.du chelate de EDDHA Na Fe 6% on ete pris parles citronniers Interdonato, Ie verdissement du feuillage s'est produit dependart auxdoses qu'on aapplique. On a decele que I 'echelle de couleur du methode est convenablepour choisir d'efficaces produits ferreux contre la carence en fer d'agrumes.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ADANA173

iZMiR iLi SATSUMA MANDARiNLERiNDE (CITRUSUNSHUIMARC) SATSUMA cOCELiK VIROSO(SATSUMA DWARF ViRUS = SDy) OZERiNDE ONCALI~MALAROlkO FIDAN*Tuman AZERi*Bu

TESTING SATSUMA MANDARINS FOR SATSUMA DWARF VIRUS (SDV) IN iZMiR OlkO FIDAN*Tuman AZERI*This study was carried out for detection of the rate of incidence and the straings ofSDVon Satsuma mandarins in izmir region. ELISA was used for detection of SDV inSatsuma mandarin leaf extracts.During the surveys 7~20 years old Satsuma trees were examined for SDVsymptoms, 131 orchards in izmir Central county and Seferihisar, 19 orchards in theother counties located in the two extensively Satsuma growing areas have been exa~mined in the survey. I n Spring, the young shoot samples from the Satsumatrees werecollected for ELISA assey during the survey. Leaf samples from the 150 trees in oneorchard in GOmO~su and 365 leaf samples from the other orchards were collected forthe testing.The rates ofthe incidence of SDV was found 13.77 % in Central county and Sefe~rihisar during the field observations. SDV has not been observed in the other Citrusgrowing areas in izmir.According tothe ELISA results, except two of them, whole orchards were infec~ted by SDV in central county and Seferihisar.ELISA results were negative for other Citrus varieties like lemons, Bodrum com~mon mandarin, Sweet oranges and grape-fruits collected from C~me and Karaburuncounties.The results of the mechanical inoculation tests revealed that most ofthe severelyeffected trees were found to be infected with necrotic strain of Satsuma dwarf virus ... Zirai MDcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitDsO BornovaliZMiR175

III. VABANCIOTLAR WEEDS

ORTA ANADOLU BOLGESiNDE SORUN OLAN SARIOT(BOREAVA ORIENTALIS JAUB. ET SPACH), KOYGOcUREN(CIRSIUM ARVENSE(L) SCOP.) VE CENTAUREATURLERiNDEKi ZARARLILARIN TEspiTi VE BiYOLOJiKMUCADELE YONUNDEN UMiTVAR OLANLARINBEURLENMESI UZERiNDE ON CALI$MALARRamazan KEDlcl*Kadlr MELAN'"Ahmet ERCi$'" Huseyin URAL *OrtaAnadolu bolgesinde Sanot (BOI'eavaorienta/isJaub etSpaeh), Koygocuren(Cirsium arvense (L.) Seop. ve Centaurea turlerindeki zararhlar ile yaygmllkdurumlannm saptanmasl amaci ile ele alman bu cahi;ima 1988 YlltndaAnkara'da, 1989Yllinda ise Canklrl'da yurutOlmui;itur. Survey calli;imalan soz konusu yabanclotlarln fide,cicek ve tohum doneminde yapllmli;itlr.Calti;imalar sonunda Sarlot'ta Ceuthorrhyncus su/cicollis Paykull., YI!JO!IIIflavina H.S; Koygocuren'de Tere//is IUficauda (Fabricus), Urophora styIata(Fabricus), Tephritiscometa(Loew.),AJlicacatduOl'um(Guer.),LarinuspianusF., Larinus turbinatusGyll., Eusomus ovulumGermer ve bir Lepidoptertur; Centaureadepressa(Bieb.}'daUrophoraaprica(Loev), Chaetorel/iaaustra/isHering,Terel/is sp., acanthiophi/us he/ianthi (Rbssi.), Apion (Ceretapion) basicorneillig., bir Thysanopter tOr ve Aphididae familyasmdan bir tOr; C. so/stitiaJisL. 'te A. basicome ve Aphididae familyasmdan bir tOr saptanmli;itlr.Sanot'ta saptanan C. sulcicol/isve Y. flavinatlln bu otun biyolojik mucadelesiyonunden onemli olmadlQI kamsma varllmli;itlr. Gerek koyg5((uren ve gerekse C.depressatJa saptanan tephritid tOrler i1e K oygocuren' de bulunan A. carduorutn, L.planusve L. turbinatus1Jn, yine C. depressave C. solstilia/iJrte saptanan A. basicorneflinsoz konusuyabanclotlarln biyolojik mucadelesinde onemli bir potansiyelolduklarl belirlenmii;itir. Ancak bu tGrler ile konukcusu olan yabanclotlar araslndaki ilii;ikilerindetaylt olarak incelenmesinden sonra biyolojik mucadele aClslndan etkinliklerininortaya konulabileeegi kanlslna varllmli;itlr.* Zirai MOcadele ArCl$tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA178

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE PESTS ON BOREAVA ORIENTALISJAUB. ET SPACH., CIRSIUM ARVENSE(L) SCOP., AND CENTAUREA SPP. AND DESIGNATION OF PROMISING SPECIES WITH RESPECT TO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA Ramazan KEDlcl* Kadlr MELAN* Ahmet ERCI,*HUseyln URAL*This study, aiming the determination of the pests and their distribution on BoresvaorientaiisJaubetSpach.,Cil'SiumarvllllSe(l.) Scop. and ClIntaul'BBspp., hasbeen carried out in Ankara and Canklrt in 1988 and 1989 respectively. Surveys weredone during seedling, flowering and seed production stages of weeds.At the end of this study, CButhorrhyncussulc;coIlisPaykuli and YIgOgIl flavinaH.S. on Boteava oriBl'ltalis Jaub et Spach.; TertllliB tUficauda (Fabricus),Urophol'B sty/ata(Fabricus), Tephritis cometa(Loew.), AllicacarduoNm(Guer.),LarinusplanusF., LarinusturbinatusGyll., Eusomus owlumGermer anda lepidopterian species on CirsiumBrVenSB(L.) Scop.; UrophOI'B aprica(Loew.),ChaBtorBIlia australis Hering, TBrBllia sp., Acantiophilus hBlianthi (RossL).Apion (ClIratapion) basicomBIllig., a Thysanopter species and an Aphid specieson CentaUI'BBdBpI'Bssa(Bieb.); A.basicQrneandanAphidspedeson C.solstiliaDshave been determined.It has been concluded that c. suicicollis and Y. f1avina are not important withrespect to biological control of B. orientalls.T ephritid species on C. alVenseand C.dBprBSSB; AJtica cardUO/Um (Guer.), Larinus planus F., Larinus turbinatusGyll. on C. BIVBII$~ and Apion(CBratapion) basiComB Illig on C. dBprtJssaandC. soIstitialisL are found to be potetially important for biological control of mentionedweeds. After studying the relationships between these insects and their hosts indetails, it will be possible to put forward their effectiveness with regard to biologicalcontrol.* Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA179

ORTA ANADOW'DA MERCiMEK (LENS ESCULENTAMOENCH.) TARLALARINDA SORUN OLAN YABANCIOTLARLA MUCADELE iMKANLARININ ARA~IRILMASISuzan ~ETINSOY*Bu call§ma mercimek tarlalannda saptanan dar ve geni§ yaprakh yabanclotlarakar§1 etkH herbisitleri tarllfdenemeleri ile bulmak ve bu herbisitlerin nodOI olu§umunaetkilerini ara§tlrmak amaci ile 1984-1988 Yillan arasmda yapllml§tlLYapllan survey ile Ankara,

RESEARCHS ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL. POSSIBILITIES OF WEEDS AMONG LENTILS (LENS ESCULENTA MOENCH.) IN THE CENTRAL ANATOLIA Suzan C;ETlNSOY*This research was carried out to determine common weeds among ,lentils andchemical control of common weeds by herbicides and also the effects of herbicideson nodulation between 1984-1988.According to the survey results in Ankara, Canklfl and Nev$ehir provinces annualbroad leaved weeds were common especially Sinapis slVensis L., narrow leavedweeds were minor.Trials were carried out to determine effective herbicides against common weedsand randomised block design with 3 replicates was used. Hand weeding and weedycontrol were added to the characters in every trials. The number of characters werechanged from year to year according to the herbicide number. As pre-emergenceherbicides prometryne 500 FW 2.5l1ha,linuron 50 WP 2.5 kg/ha, methabenzthiazuron70 WP 3 kg/ha, metribuzine 70 WP 0.25 kg/da and as post-emergence herbicidesagainst narrow leaved weeds diclofobmethyl28 EC 21/ha, fluazifob-bUlthyi 25 EC1 I/ha gave satisfactory results and no adverse effects on nodulation.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnslitOsO - ANKARA181

EGE BOLGESiNDE YEMLiK BAKLAGiLLERDE SORUN OLAN YABANQOTLAR OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Ilknur seRiM"Abdurrahman UZUN"

AN INVESTIGATION ON WEEDS IN FEED LEGUMES IN AEGEAN REGION Ilknur SERIM*Abdurrahman UZUN*This study was carried out on feed legumes in order to determine species of weedsand their densities in4wo consecutive years 1989-1990 in Aegean Region.Surveys were done in Aydin and Denizli in 1989 and in izmir, Bahkesir, CanakkaIe in 1990 in cowvetch and lucerne.The number of the fields to be observed were determined according to agriculturalacreage of the proviencies.In Man:;:h and August, 252 fields of clover and cowvetch were examined. The ratioof the clean fields was 60-70%.Fourtyfour weed species in clover and 25 weed species in cowvetch fields weredetermined.Cuscuta was not determined in cowvetch fields in Aydin, Denizli, izmir, Bahkesir,Canakkale but in clover fields in Aydin and Denizli respectively 12% and 24%.Results reveal us that the densities of weed species were not important in the fieldsof clover and cowvetch. Since the clover is seeded densely and plants reach 5060 cm in height, weeds can not compete.Throughthesurveystudies. ChenopodiumalbumCel'8sliumdichotomum lCynodon dactylon, Sorghum halepense l AJepecurus myosuroide~ Matricariachamomilla, Poa annua; in clover Avena fa~ Capsella bursa-pastoris,Scandix pectenveneri~ Sinapis artfBnsi~ Vaccaria pyramit1at14 Galium sp.,Hypecoum procumbens, Stellari,! media were determined in cpwvetch.As a result of surveys, the density of weeds was not important.• Zirai MUcadele Aragtlrma EnstitUsU - Bornova-izMiR183

ORTA ANADOLU'DA YENi TESis YONCALIKLARDAKi YABANCIOTLARLA EKiM ONCESi KiMYASAL KONTROL OLANAKLARININ ARA$TIRILMASI Suzan ~ETiNSOY*Bu 9alu~ma 1988 Yllinda GOlba.$l'nm Yaghpmar koyunde iki ayn deneme halindeyOrut(ilmu$tUr.Ara$tlrmanm amaci yeni tesis yoncallk alanlannda onemli birsorun olan yabanclotlarlasava$ta ekim oncesi uygulanan Eptam 7E'nin kullamlma olanaklannl saptamaktadlf.Bu ar3$tlrmadaEptam 7E'nin 3ve411hadozlan ekimden iki gunoncetopragauygulanlp kazayagl ile 5-10 cm kadar topragl kan$tlnlml$tlr. Denemeler tesadOfbloklan deneme desenine gore, ikisi ila9 dozu biri kontrol olmak Ozere 09 kar.akterli ve5 tekerrOrlO olarak kurulmu$tur.Ara.$tlrmada, Orta Anadolu'da yaygln olarak saptanan Chenopodium albumL.(Sirken), Amaranthus retroflexusL. (horoz ibigi) ve Solanum nigrumL. (kopekOzOmO)'a kar$1 etkiler (1-9) Ayak skalasma gore degerlendirilmi$tir.Ar3$tlrma sonu91anna gore birinci denemede 3 I/ha doz Chenopodium album~ve Amaranthus retroflexutia %91.8, Solonum nigrum'a %86; ikinci denemedeSolanumnigrumbulunmamaktaydl, diger iki yabanclotaetkiler %86 olaraksaptanml$tlr. ikinci denemede etkilerin biraz dO$Ok olmasl sulama $eklinin farkh 01maslna baglanabilir. 41/ha doz her iki denemede daha yOksek etkiler saglamakla beraberekonomik oimasl nedeniyle 31/hadozun onerilmesi kanaatlna Vanlml$tlr. Yoncalardafitotoksite gozlenmemi$tir.* Zirai MOcadele Ar3$twma EnstitOsO ANKARA184

THE PRE-SOWING CHEMICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS AMONG ALFALFA IN THE CENTRAL ANATOUA Suzan ~ETlNSOY·This research was carried out as two separate experiments at Yaghplnar villagenear Golb~1 in 1988.The aim of this research is to determine possibil ities of presowing chemical controlof weeds among alfalfa in the Central Anatolia The dosages of Eptam 7E, 3 and 4I/ha were applied to soil surfarce 2 days before sowing of alfalfa and incorporated5-10 cm depth into soil by acultivator. Randomised block design with 5 replicates wasused weedy control, two dosages of Eptam 7E occurred characters.Chenopodium SlbumL., AmanmthusIfJtroflexusL. and Solanum nigrumL. are common weeds at the experimental field. The effectivenesses of the dosageswere evaluated by using (1-9) EWRC scale.At the first experiment the effectivenesses of dosage of 31/ha on Chenopodiuma/bumL., Amaranthus retroflexusL. and Solanum nigrumL. were 91.8%,91 .8%, 86% respectively. Solanum nigtUmwas absent atthe second experimentalfield and effectivenesses of 3 I/ha on C.album L. and A.retroflexus L. were 86%both of them. At the second experiment rather low effectivenesses may be based ondifferent irrigation ways. The dosage of 41/ha gave better effectivenesses on the weeds,the dosage of 311M can advise for economical reasons. No phytotoxicity was observed.• Zirai MOcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA185

iHRACATA YONELiK URUN ELDE ETMEK AMACIYLAAKDENiZ BOLGESi YEMEKLiK BAKLAGILLERiNDE(NOHUT, FASULYE) ZARARU OLAN YABANCIOTLARUZERiNDE· ARA~RMALARErkln ULOO"Izzet KADloGLU"Akdeniz Bolgesinin Adana, Antalya, Gaziantep, Kahramanmara.§ ilierinin oe Yasulyetarlalannda bolOmlO ornekleme yontemine gore yapllan survey sonunda, tesbitedilen ba~hca yabanelot tOrleri i~inde nohut tarlalannda Gaziantep'te yogunluktaAvB#'J8 Sledlis L., Chrozophora tinctorill (L.) Rafin, Euphorbiaspp., AtistolochiamauronnnL., Cynodondactylon(L.) Pers; Yaygmllkta; A.stedlis., Convo/vulusspp. C. tinctol'i4 C.dactyIo4 Cepha/ada syrlaca(L.) Sehrad, Kahramanmara.§'tay(!)gunlukta; Sinapis spp., Scandbc pect~venerls L., Chenopodiumspp., SaMa syrlaca L., Turgenia /atifolia (L.) Hoffm., Lolium spp., Yaygmllkta:Lactucasenio/4L:, VaccadapyramidatBMedieus, Sinapisspp., Convolvulusspp., S~velHfH'is ic;el'deyogunlukta: Chenopodiumspp., ChondrlHajunceaL., GaJium apadntJ L., S.syI'iaca, Ctlntaurell repens L., Centaurea cyanusL.,; Yaygmhkta: A.muarorum, C.Juncea, Tragopogonspp., Echinophora tenuifoliaL.; Convolvulus spp.; Adana'pa yogunlukta: Convolvulus spp., CJun~c.cyanus, Loliumspp., Tragopogonspp., Yaygmhkta: CJuncsa, S.syri8C4 Tragopogonspp., V.pyramidata, t;onvO/VUlus spp., Convolv'!lus galaticusRost.ex. Choisy,; Yaygmhkta: Vine S.sydat:a, A.stBrllis, C.cyanus, Citr:ium arvense(L.)Seop., Usaaestlfgosa(Banks and Sol) Eig. ba.§ta gelmektedir.Fasulye tarlalarmda ise, Adana'da yogunlukta: Amaranthus ch/orostachysWilld., Chenopodiumspp., Brachiaria Bl'UCiformis(Sm.) Griseb~, Setaria viddis(L.) P.B., Portulaca oIeracss L.; Yaygtnhkta: YineA. chlorostachys, cbenopodiumspp.,B.eruciformis, S.rtirldis, Hibicus trionumL., KatJramanrrar~'ta, yogunlukta;Vine A.ch/orostachys, H.trid~ Chenopodiumspp., B.elllCiformis, Sinapissp.,; Yaygmhkta Chenopodium spp., Convolvulus spp., A.choIorostachys,H.tirio..nutn, B.elllCiformis, C.arvense. Antalya'da ise yogunlukta: Chenopodiumspp.,H.trionum, P.oleraC64 C.dacty/o4 Convolvulusspp., A.chlorostachyS;Yaygtnhkta; Chenopodium spp., S.virldis, Convolvulus spp.,C.dactyIon, H.trlonum, P.ol~ CJuncea ba~hG

INVESTIGATIONS OF WEEDS ON FOOD LEGUME (CHICKPEA AND BEAN) THAT FOR EXPORT, IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY Erkln ULUG*iuet KADIOOLU*The survey waS made in chickpea fields of Adana, Antalya, Gaziantep, KahramanmaraJ?and lI:;:el, in bean fields of Adana, Antalya, KahramanmaraJ? in MediterraneanRegion.Survey planning had been done by the methods of split sampling. According tothe survey; In chickpea field in Gaziantep In density; A vena sterilisL., ChlOzophoratinctoria (L.) Rafin, EuphOrbia spp., Aristolochia maurtJrum L., Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers; In widespread; AsteriUs., Convolvulus spp. C. tinctori4C.dactylo" Cephalaria syriaca(L.) Schrad, In Kahramanmarat'} in den~ity: SinapiSspp., Scandix pecten-veneris L., Chenopodium spp., $alvia syriaca L.,TurgenialatHolia(l.) Hoffm.• Loliumspp., In widespread: Lactut:aserriolaL.,Vaccaria pyramidata Medicus, Sinapus spp., Convolvulus spp., S.pectenvenerisaparinelni

AKDENiz ~OLGESi iKiNCi URUN (SOY~ /~ISIR, YERFISTIGI, SUSAM) ALANLARINDA GORULEN YABANCIOTLAR OZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR Erkin UWG" izzet KADIOGLU" ilhan OREMi~"Sezer SiNAN ....Halis ARIOGLU*"1984 Ylhnda ba91ayan Qah9mada survey, Akdeniz Bolgesinin 2. urun yeti9tirilenAdana, iyel, Antalya, Hatay ve Kaharamanmar~ illerinde b61umlu ornekleme metodunagore yuruWlmu9, tartlh ortalama metoduna gore degerlendirilmi9tir.MOcadele Qah9malannda ilaQlar yamnda mekanik ve i91emsiz parsellere de yerverilerek kar911~tlrllmI9tlr. Degerlendirm.eler 1-9 ayak skalaslna goreyapllml9tlr. Verimlereistatistiki analizler uygulanmI9t1r. Survey sonuQlannda il bazmdaki ortalamalaragore Cyperusspp., hemen tOm illerde ve OrOnlerde yogun ve yaygm olarak 1 . veya2. slrada yer alml9tlr. Bundan sonraki turler Portulaca oleracea L., Echinochloacolonum(L.) Link.'dur. Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. ve Amaranthusspp., ise4. ve 5. slrada yer alabilen tOrlerdir. Ancak S.halepenseAdana mlslr tarlalannda b~tagelmi9tir.Susam tarlalannda ise He/lolropium spp., ve Chrozophoraspp. kurakQl1 tOrlerolmasl ve susamda da Qogunlukla sulamanln Qok az olmasl sonucu yogun olarak bulunmu9tur.MOcadele denemelerine gore soya ve susamda mekanik ve ilaQl1 mOcadeledeetki ve verim farkl bulunamaml9tlr. Buna gore Qapa imkanl bulunmuyorveya pahall isesoya tarlasmda ekim oncesi: Dual 500 EC 41/ha, topalak iQin 511ha trifluralinli ilaglardanbiri 2 I/ha, Surpass 6.7 E 4 I/ha; Q1kl9 oncesi Sencor 70 WP 4 kg/ha, Afalon 2 kglhave glkl9sonrasl: Basagran (geni9yaprarhlar igin) 1.5I1ha, Fusilade superve Gallant125 EE (gimensi yabanclotlar igin) 21/ha (veya 1 I/ha+1 aysonra 1 I/ha) kullanllir. Susamtarlasmda ise Surpass 6.7 Eve Sencor harig digerleri ve Diurex 1.25 kg/ha tavsiyeedilir.Yerflstlgl tarlasmda ise 2 gapa ve bogaz doldurma+trifluralinli bir ilag (2 kg/haprep.) en yOksek etki ve verimi saglamI9t1r. Normal mekanik i91em (3 Qapa+bogazdoldurma) da buna biraz yakm sonugvermi9tir. Tek ba91na ilagyeterli olmamakta takatonce tritluralin, 1 ay sonrada 1. gapave bogaz doldurma dahaekonomik bulunmu9tur.ilaQlann hig biri mOteakip kOltUr bitkisi olarak bugdaya fitotoksik olmaml9tlr.• Zirai MUcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUsU ADANA.* C.O.Zi(aat FakUltesi, Tarla Bitkileri BolUmU - ADANA188

INVESTIGATIONS ON WEEDS OF THE SECOND CROP (SOYBEAN, CORN, PEANUT AND SESAME) FIELDS IN MEDITERRANEAN· REGION OF TURKEY Erkin ULUG*izzet KADIOGLU*Sezen SiNAN**Halis ARIOGLU**In 1984the study was b.egun by surveying in Adana, igel, Antalya, Hatay and Kahramanmara§provinces in the second crop fields of Mediterranean Region. Surveyplannings have been done by the me!hod split sampling. Evaluations have been madeaccording to the balanced average method. The possibilities of most effective controlmeaures were also studied with various control methods. The effectiveness ofcontrol methods was made by using 1-9 EWRC scale.According tothe results ofsurvey, in densityand widespread, Cyperusspp. weredeterminated as first and second weed in the second crop fields of all provinces.Portulaca oleracea. L. and Echinoch/oa colonum (L.) Link. were found as foil owspecies. Sorghum ha/epense (L.) Pers. and Amaranthus spp. were observed asfourth and fifth weeds. But S. halepense was first weed in the corn fields. He/iotropiumspp.and Chrozophora spp. are pleasant to dry farming. Irrigation was made alittle in the sesame cultivation. In that purpose, in density and widespread, it was foundas first weeds in the sesame fields, It was not found among chemical and mechanicalcontrol to effect and yield in the soybean and the sesame fields.According to the results of chemicf3,l control experiments, Dual 500 EC at the rateof 41/ha(for Cyperusspp. 51/ha), trifluralin active ingredientatthe rate of 0.96 kg/ha,Surpass 6.7 at the rate of 41/ha as pre-sowing incorporation, Sencor 70 WP at the rateof 0.4 kg/ha, Afalon at the rate of 2 kg/haas pre-emergence, Basagran at the rate of 1.51/ha(for broad-leaved weeds), Fusiladesuperand Gallant 125 EE (for grass weeds)at the rate of 21/ha( or 1 I/ha + 1 IIhaafter one mount) as post emergence was recommendedin te soybean fields if there WfJ,S not possibilities hand weeding or economical.Above those chemicals and the Diurex at the rate of 1.25 kg/ha except Surpass6.7 Eand Sencor were recommended in the sesame fields. The highest yield and efficacywereobtained from trifluralin active ingredient (0.96 kg/ha) +two hands cultivatedplots in the peanut fields. Only chemical control was notadefinite solution for controllingweeds but trifluralin application just before sowing hand cultivation was moreeconomical. It has been found that the herbicides are applied were not phototoxicityto germination of wheat seeds.• Zirai Mucadele Ara\?!lrma EnstitUsu - ADANA• c;. O. Ziraa! Fakultesi. Tarla Bi!kileri B610mO - ADANA189

ADANA iLi KANOLA {BRASSICA NAPUSVAR. OLEIFERADC.} TARLALARINDAKi YABANCIOTLAR VE MUCADELESi UZERiNDE ON CALI$MALAR Erkin ULOO* izzet KADloGLU· ilhan OREMi$*Adana iii kanola tarlalannda 1988 Yllinda yapllan survey sonuQlanna gore YuregirilQesinde yogu nlukta Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Anagallis arvensis L.,Fumaria officinalis L.; Ceyhan i1Qesinde, Avena sterilis L., Sinapisspp., Buglossoidesarvensis (L.) Johnst.; Osmaniye ilQesinde A. sterilis, F. officinalis, Papaverrhoeas L.; Karaisah ilQesinde A. sterilis, kendi gelen arpa, Convolvulus arvensisL.;Yumurtalik ilQesinde F. officinalis, A. sterilis, M.indiesba:;;tagelen tOrlerolup,yayglnhk oramnda ise A. sterilisL. ba:;;ta gelmekte, bunu izleyen ba:;;hcalanF. officinalis, Lathyrus spp., Sinapisspp. 'dir. Yabanclot mucadelesinde ise ekimoncesi trifluralin (200 milda prep.) terkipli ilaQlar denemeyerindeki A. sterilis, F. officinalis,UrNes urens L., Galium tricornutum Dandy., C. bursa-pastoris, Stellariamedia (L.) ViiI., Polygonum aviculare L. 'ye % 97.7 ila 91,8 arasl etkili olurken,1. YII denenen Dual 500 EC (300mllda) yalnlz C.bursa-pastorisve S.media*ya %95.4-91.8 etkili olabilmi:;;tir. ilk YII t;lkl$tan sonra denenen ilat;lardan Kerb 50 W'nin 400grIda dozu A. sterilis, Phalaris spp., F. officinalis, B. arvensis, S. media, Viciaspp. 'ya ve kendi gelen arpaya % 99.1 ila 91.8 arasl etkili olmu$ yalnlz Anthemisspp. 'e yetersiz kalml$, kanolada % 14 fitotoksik olniu:;;tur. 300 gr/da dozu Viciaspp.ve Anthemisspp dl$lndakilere yeterli etki gostermi$ kanolaya onemsiz fitotoksitesigorOlmO$tOr. A. sterilis!fa etkin ilaQlardan ise Fusilade super 75 ve 100 milda sira ile%91.8ve97.7, Gallant125 EEayntdozlardaslraile % 91.8ve99.1, Furore 12 EC 100ve 150 ml/dadozlardaslraile % 76.7ve 91.8, Ilioxan 28 EC 200 mlldadozda % 91.8etkili olmu:;;tur.ikinci YII denemesinde ekim oncesi sadece trifluralin terkipli ilat; denenebllmi$ veA. sterilis, F. officinalis, U. urensve G. tricornutum % 99.1 ila 91 .8 arasl etkili 01mu:;;tur. ylkl:;;sonrasl ise Kerb 50 W'nin 300 gr/dadozu A.sterilis,F. officinalis, B.arvensisve Ylciaspp.'ya % 95.4-86.0 etkili, kanolayada % 2.3 fitotoksik olmu$, 250gr/da dozu bu yabanclotlara SlraSI ile % 91.8-91.8-91.8 ve 76.7; 200 gr/da dozu buyabanclotlara SlraSI ile % 91.8-86.0-86.0-76.7 etki gostermi$, bu iki doz fitotoksitegostermemi$tir. A. steriliskar$1 denenen ilaQlardan Fusiladesuperve Gallant 125 EE75'er ml/da Furore 12 EC 150 ml/da dozda % 91.8 olarak yeterli, Ilioxan 28 EC 200milda dozda yOksek etki gostermi:;;tir.• Zirai MOcadele Ara!?tlrma EnstitOsliADANA190

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON WEEDS AND THEIRCONTROL POSSIBILITIES OF CARCEL OIL PLANT(BRASSICA NAPUS L VAR. OLEIFERA (DC.) FIELDSIN ADANAErkin ULUG* lzzet KADIOGLU* hhan OREMI$*It was made survey in carcel oil fields in 1988, in Adana. Results of survey at belowin YOregir in density, respectively; Capse/la bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic., Anagallisarvensis L., Fumaria ol6cina/is L.; in Ceyhan, in density, A. stetflis, Sinspisspp.,BuglDssoides arvensis(L.) Johnst.; in Osmaniye in density, A. slerilisL., F. ol6cinalis, Papaverrhoeas L.; in Karaisali, in density, A. sterilis, volunteerbarley, Convolvulus arvensis L.; in Yumurtahk in denSity. F. officinalis, A. stetflis,M. indica were determinated as main species. In widespread in those district, A.sterilis, were found the most important species and were followed by F. ol6ciilalis,Lathyrusspp., Sinapisspp. Atthe chemical control of weeds trifluralin active ingradientattherate of 0.96 g/dagave effective from91.8 % t097.7 % against F.ol6cinalis,Urtica urens L.. Gallium tricomutum Dandy., C. bursa-pastoris, Stellariamedia (L.) Viii., Polygonum aviculare L. Dual at the rate of 300 milda could be affected95.4 % - 91.8 % only against C. bursa-pastoris and S. mediafor one resultof experiment. According to the first year results Kerb 50 W at the rate of 400 g/da(post-emergence) gave efficacy from 91.8 % - 99.1 %'against A. sterilis, Pha/srisspp., F. officina/is, B. arvensis, S. media, Vicia spp., volunteer barley only no effecton Anthemis spp.. There was unimportant phytotoxicity to carcel oil. Fusiladesuper (75-1 00 ml/da), Gailant12SEE(7S-100ml/da), Furore12EC(1 00-1S0ml/da),IIloxan 28 EC (200 ml/da) gave 91.8-97.7-91.8-99.1-76.7-91.8-91.8 % effectivenessagainst A. sterilis respectively, At the second year experiments the trifluralin(pre-sowing incorporation gave 99,1-91 .8 % against A. sterilis, F.officinalis, U.urens, G. lricomutum. Kerb SO W (post-emergence) at the rate of 300 gr/dagave9S.4-86.0 % against A. sleri/is, F. officina/is, B. arvensis, Vicia spp. species but itwas found phytotoxiCity 2.3 % on careel oil. Kerb SO Wat the rate of 2S0 gr/da gave91.8-91.8-91.8-76.7%; KerbSOWattherateof200gr/dagave91.8-86.0-76.7% effectivenessagainst for those weeds respectively. No phytotoxiCity has been obser~ved for two dozes on carcel oil. Fusilade super and Gallant 125 EE at the rate of 75 milda; Furore 12 EC at the rateof1S0ml/da,. gave91.8 % sufficient effect and Illoxan28EC at the rate of 200 mllda was found high effective against A. sleri/is.• Zirai Mucadele Ara~lirma EnstitUsu - ADANA191

ANKARA iLi CiM ALANLARINDAKi YABANCIOT TORLERI, YOGUNLUKLARI VE KiMYASAL MOCADELEsi Bakl TAfTAN"Ankara iii

WEED SPECIES, THEIR ABUNDANCES AND CHEMICAL CONTROL IN LAWNS IN ANKARA PROVINCE Bakl TAffAN*The study had been carried out in Ankara province during 1987-1989 and 21species; 4 gramineae, 17 dicotyledons, were determined during surveys. Amongthese, Trifolium repensL. stands in the first; Taraxacumspp. in the second rank.As it is known, T. repens is sown together with the lawn material to maintain agoodcoverage on the soil. The species, Trigonellaspp., Plantago lanceola14 Convolvulusarrtensis, Capsella bursa-pastoris L. and Thlaspi perfoliatum, were foundto have abundances locally 1-14 plant/sq.m.In.3-year-chemical trials, 9 products were tested alone or in tank mixtures as 30characters, and among them 1,2 and 311ha doses of picloram (Tordon 22 K)and picloram+ 2,4-D mixture (Tordon 101 mix) gave 95-100 % control of Taraxacumspp.and other dicotyledon weeds. Tank mixture of 2,4-D amin 50 (Agro-D amin), dicamba48 (Banvel-D) and bromoxynil 40 plus mecoprOp (Buctril Super) (2 + 0.15 + 31/ha)were also effective at 95 % on Taraxacum spp. and the other dicotyledonsIn weed control trials prior to lawn establishment, glyphosate 48 (Roundup) gave85 % control of CyiJOdon dactylon at 10 I/ha dose.• Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA193

BAZI BiTKisEL YAGLARIN, HERBisiTLERiN BiYOLOJiK AKTiViTESiNE ETKiNLiGiNiN ARA~TIRILMASI Sevil AGAR·Baki TA$TAN*Bu r,;;ah$mada, bugdaydaki yabanclotlara kar$1 r,;;lkl$ sonrasl olarak Agro-O Esterilaci ile soya ve kolza yaglanntn degi$ik oranlardaki kan$lmlan denenmi$tir. Aynca karI$lmlannbugdayda fitotoksite yaratlp yaratmadlgl gozlenmi$tir.Oenemeler 1989,1990 Yillannda Toprakve GObre Ara$tlrma EnstitOsu Saraykoydeneme tarlastnda yOnJtOlmu$tOr. Oeneme tesadOf bloklan deneme desenine gore 3doz ve her doza 3 degi$ik orandasoya ve kolza yaglan katllarak, 3tekerrOrlO olarak dOzenlenmi$tir.ilac;;lama bugday karda$lenme, yabanclotlar 3-5 yaprakh geli$me donemlerindE;)iken yapllml$tlr.Call$ma sonuqmda, soya ve kolza yaglannln, 2.4-0 esterin biyolojik aktivitesiniarttrdlgl, 1.04 I/ha(prep.) dozdaki 2,4-0 estere, 0521/ha dozda soyaveya kolza yaglilavesinin Centaurea depressaBieb .. Wiedemannia orientalisFisch and Mey. veGagea villosa(Bieb.) Oubyvar. villosagibi yabanclotlan yeterli oranda kontrol ettigitespit edilmi$tir. ara$tlrmadan elde edilen sonur,;;lartn benzer r,;;alt$malarla desteklendiktensonra uygulamada yer bulacagl tahmin edilmektedir.* Zirai MGcadele Ara:;;lirma EnstitUsG - ANKARA194

RESEARCHES ON THE EFFECTS OF SOME PLANT DERIVED OILS ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE HERBICIDES Sevil AGAR"Baki TA~AN"In this study, Agro-O ester and its various mixtures with soybean and rapeseedoil were tested as post-emergence against weeds of wheat fields. Phytotoxicity statusof the mixtures were also observed.Trials were carried out during 1989-1990at Experimental Field of80il and ManureResearch Institute at Sarayk6y village, and set up as randomized block design with3 doses of the product each having mixtures of 3 different rates of the oils and everycharacter with 3 replicates. Applications were made at tillering stage of wheat whenthe weeds had 3-5 leaves.At the end of the study, it was concluded that the soybean or rapeseed oil additionsincreased the biological activity of 2,4-0. and 0.52 I/ha soybean or rapeseed oiladdition to 1.04 IIha 2,4-0 ester (product) gave sufficiently good control of CentaureadepressaBieb., Wiedemannia orienta/isFisch. and Mey., and Gagea villosa(Bieb.) Duby var. vi/Iosa. However several other researches and positive results areneeded to be appliciable in practice ... Zirai MOcadele Ara:;;tlrma EnstitUsO ANKARA195

IV. ZiRAi MUCADELE iLA~LARIPESTICIDES

· TURKivE FLORASINDA VETi$EN VE iNSEKTiSiTOZELLiCI OLAN BITKiLER OZERiNDE C;ALI$MALARDogan YILMAZ* Adnan TEMizER1' ' Bilge $ENER- Atilla ZORAL *O. Nazlm DINDAR* Funda alNGOL1'1' M. AYffJ I$CAN*Turkiye floraslna yonelik olarak 1979-1989 Yilian araslnda yOrOtOlen bu projede,tOm yurt c;aplnda bir tarama yerine literatUr bilgileri ve yerel kullanlmlara dayall verileryanlnda ozel gozlemlere dayall bir sec;imle 121 bitki Ozerinde c;ah~llml~br.Proje c;all~malannda bitki ekstraktlannln ayn ayn hazlrlanmaslndan sonra biyolojiketkinlik denemeleri kuru film ve empregne yontemleri ile yapllml~tlr. DroSQphiiamtJlllnogaster, Aedes aegyptii, Sitophilus granarius ve Tribolium confusumtest bocekleri olarak denemelerde kullanllml~tlr.Proie9all~malannda VBratrumalbum,Delphiniumajat:i~PeganumhannaIII, Bifora ,atlia~ Fet1lla rigidul4 SparleumJunceum, Ephedra mafoti WithaIlia sp., Gsnista lydia, Thymus vulgari~ Hypericum perfOl'atum ve Papaverrhoeasbitki tOrleri Ozerinde degi~ik oranlarda insektisid etki gozlenmi~, bunlardan F.rigidula, B. radiansve V. album bitkilerinin standart insektisit olarak sec;ilen Malathionakar~1 toksisiteyonunden mukayesesi yapllml9tlr. insektisitOzelligi saptanan bitkilerdenetkin maddeleri ayn~tlnlanlar Ozerindeki cah~malarlnderinle~tirilmesi yanlndadiger Omitvar o/anlann onOmuzdeki Yillarda diger bazl,bitkilerle birlikte c;ah~llmasluygun gorOimektedir.* Zirai MOcadele Arai;\tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA1''' Eczaclhk FakOllesi ANKARA198

STUDIES ON SOME PLANTS GROWN IN TURKEY'S FLORA AND HAVING INSECTIDIAL PROPERTIES Dogan YILMAr Adnan TEMlzER· Bilge $ENER** Atl.la ZORAL*O. Nazlm DINDA~ Funda BINGOL ** M.Ay~I~AN*Project was carried out between 1979-1989 to find out insecticidial properties of121 plants grown in Turkey!s flora which were selected by searching literature, formerobservations and data on local usage.In the experiments, plant extracts were prepared separetely than they were testedfor biological efficacy by bioassay techniques such as impergnated paper and dryfilmmethods.The adults of Drosophilamelanogaster, Aedes aegypti, Sitophilus granariusand Tribolium confusum were used as test insects.Veratrum album, Delphinium ajacis, Peganum harmaJa, bifora radians,Ferula rigidula, Sparteum juncsum, Ephedra major, Withania sp., Genistalydia, Thymus "ulgaris, Hypericum perforatum and Papa"errhoeas speciesshowed some insecticide activity out of 121 plant species tested. The toxicity of F. rigidula,B. radians and V. albumextracts were compared to standart insecticide Malathion.In next years, some hopeful plant exstracts :will be tested against some test insectsand will be studied in details.• Zirai Mucadele Ara~tlrma EnstitUsu - ANKARA•• Eczacllik Fakultesi - ANKARA199

MISIRDA MISIR KOC;AN KURDU (SESAMIA NONAGRIOIDES LEF., S. CRETiCA LED.)'NA KAR$I KULLANILAN"FURADAN 5 G" (CARBOFURAN)'NIN BAKivE DURUMUOZERiNDE ARAJrIRMALARAyae" KOCAMAZ*Fet1ha KO~OKKAUPc;I*Gerek insan gldasl ve gerekse hayvan yemi olarak oldukc;:a bOyOk oneme sahipolan mlsmn en onemli zararhsi olan Misl r koc;:an kurdu (Sesamia nonagrioidesLef.,S. cretica Led. ),na kar91 kullamlan "Furadan 5 G" Carbofuran'ln mlSlr tanesinde veyeeil aksamlnda kalan bakiyelerinin ara9tlnlmasl ic;:in c;:ah91ImI9tlr.Numuneler Adana Zirai MOcadele Ara9tlrma EnstitOsOnOn 8.8.1988 tarihinde 2ve 2.5 kg/dadozlarla tarla9artlannda ac;:tlgl denemelerden ailnml9tlr. Orneklerde Carbofuranve onun en onemli metoboliti olan 3-0H carbofl N-P-D dedektorlO gaschromotograficihazl yardlmlyla aranml§tlr.Yukanda belirtilen dozlarla ilac;:lanml§ olan mlSlnn ye9il aksaml ve tanesindekiCarbofuran ve 3-0H carbofuran rezidO miktarlan Codex 1986listelerinin ve EAP'nlnbelirttigi degerlerin altlnda bulunmu9tur... lirai MOcadele Arru;;tlrma EnstitOsO - ANKARA200

INVESTIGATIONS ON RESIDUES OF "FURADAN 5 G" (CARBOFURAN) USED AGAINST STEM BORER (SESAMIA NONAGRIOIDES LEF., S. CRETICA LED.) IN CORN Ayaen KOCAMAZ*Ferfha KOCOKKAUPCI*The study to search of the residue amounts in grain and green parts of corn samplesof "Furadan 5 G" (Garbofuran) used against stem borer (Sesamia nonagrioidesLef.,S. ctelicaLed.) give effective hazard to the corn which has important placefor human food and also animal food.Samples were taken from the trials under the field condition and the doses of2-2.5 kg/dec Suburb Adana in 8.8.1988 in the samples carbofuran and its major metabolitiesof 3-0H carbofuran was searhce at by applying Gansil et aI (1969) method.Following samples injected into gas-chromotography equipment with NPD dedector.In the samples of grain and green parts of corn analyzed as separately and carbofuranand its metabolitie 3-0H carbofuran were found bellow the tolerance vapues ofcodex (1986) and EPA lists ... Zirai MOcadele Ar~tlrma EnstitUs(l - ANKARA201

FINDIKTA FINDIK KURDU (BALAN/NUS NUCUML)'NAKARl. KULLANILAN MARSHALL °4 3 DUST'IN(CARBOSOLFAN) BAKivE DURUMU OZERiNDEARAITIRMALARAysen KOCAMAZ" Feriha KOc;OKKAUPcrI* Tuncer CEVIK*Fmdlgm en onemli zararhsl olan Fmdlk kurdu (Balaninus nucum L.)'na: karl?1kullanllan Marshall % 3 Dust (CarbosOlfan)'m flndlk i9i, ftndtk yapragl, ot ve toprak orneklerindekalan bakiyelerinin aral?tlnlmasl i9in ~ltl?llmI9t1r. 1989 Ylltnda Bolu (DOzce)yoresinde belli ftndlk alanlartnm ila91anmaslyla bal?latllan uygulamadan hemensonra 3.5.1989 ve hasat ani olan 7.8.1989 tarihinde altnan 4 tip ornekte CarbosOlfanve onun metabolitleri olan carbofuran ve 3-0H carbofuran'ln bakiye miktarlarl tetkikedilmil?tir. Gas-chromotografik metodlara gore kantitatif degerlendirme yapllmI9t1r.CarbosOlfan ve onun metabdlitleri olan carbofuran ve 3-0H carbofuran'ln uygulamadanhemel) s'onra all nan ot ve y,aprak orneklerinin hayvan yemi olarak kullant Imaslnmhayvan sa911g1 89lsmdan sakmcah olmadlgl, hasat antnda alman fmdlk i9i, flndtkyapragl, ot ve toprak orneklerindeki rezidO seviyelerinin ise Codex ve EPA'mn onerdiklerirezidO miktarlarlnm altmda oldugu tespit edilmi9tir ... Zirai MOcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitUsli - ANKARA202

INVESTIGATIONS ON RESIDUES OF MARSHALL ok 3 DUST (CARBOSULFAN) USED AGAINST HAZELNUT WEEVIL (BALAN/NUS NUCUM L) IN HAZELNUT Aysen KOCAMAZ* Feriha KOCUKKAUPCI* Tuncer CEViK*It was worked to search of the residue amounts in hazel nut, hazel nut leaves, weedsand soil samples of Marshall % 3 dust (carbosulfan) used against Hazelnut weevil(BaJaninus nucum L.) which give major hazard to the nuts. Applies was started totreat the special fields in the year 1989 suburb the Bolu (DOzce)Carbosulfan and its major metabolities carbofuran and 3-0H carbofuran searchedin four types samples. Samples were taken just after the treatment in 3.5.1989and during the harvest time in 7.8.1989.Values were taken according the gas-chromotografic methods.After the analyses it was found that just after the treatment carbosulfan and itsmetabolities carbofuran and 3-0H carbofuran were not carrying any health risk in leafto use them for animal feed. In the harvest time residue amounts of these chemicals inhazel nut, hazel nut 'l3af, weed and soil were below the tolerance values of Codex andEPA... Zirai MGcadele Ara$tlrma EnstitUsG - ANKARA203

v. DiGERLERiTHE OTHERS

BAL ARISI (APIS MELLIFERA L)'NDA ZARAR YAPANARI AKARI (VARROA JACOBSON! OUD.)'NA KAR,.iLAC DENEMELERiGUltekin ONAL * Erta(: TUTKUN* Sema BILGITEKiN*Sal ansI (Aphis inellifera L.)'nda zarar yapan An akan (Varroa jacobsoniOud.) 1977 Ylllnda Ege Bolgesinde saptandlktan sonra zarannJ onleyebilmek ie;in ilkilac denemelerine Bornova Zir. MOc. Ar9. Enst. de bir proje ile b39lanml$ ve etkili akarisitieruygulamaya verilmi$tir. Ancak bUnlardan bir klsmlnln balda kaliteyi bozmasl vebakiye'blrakmasl, bir klsmlnm da kanserojen yaplya sahip olmalan ruhsatlanmn geriahnmaslna neden olmu$tur. Bu yuzden an akanna kar$1 onerilen Varroa ilac) % 0.1 'Iiktoz Malathiondan b39ka onerilecek ilac kalmaml9tlr.ilac denemeleri 1984-1987 Yllian arasmdaAnkara, Antalya, MuglailierindeyOrOtOlmO$,Antivar, Varromal, Rulomal, Mal$er, Vamitrat, Vamitrat-VA, Varrescens, Varamit,Tikaz, Rulamit-VA, Kovanat-VA, Folbex-VA, Oksalikasit, Meothrin, Peropal, Trithionve mukayese iiaci olarak % 0.1 'lik toz Malathion iiaci denemeye ahnml$tlr.Denemeler TesadOf Bloklan Deneme desenine gore tertiplenmi9 her kovan birparseI"olarak almml9tlr.

THE CHEMICAL TESTS AGAINST VARROA MrrE(VARROA JACOPSONIOUD.) ON HONEYBEE (APISMELLIFERA L)Gultekin UNAL * Ertac; TUTKUN* Sema BILGiTEKIN*Varroa mite was first found in the Aegean Region during the examinations of beecolonies in early spring of 1977, in order to prevent great losses of colonies and torestore damaged apiaries to their former condition, first chemical trias were carriedout by Plant Protection Research Institutes in izmir and some products were recommendedfor practical usage. Some of them has been found to have changed the qualityof honey and to have left some residue in honey and one of them was found oncogenicso their usage were later banned throughoutthe country. Varroa Malathion Dustat the rate of % 0.1 (1 gr per hive) was the only recommended official product left inTurkey.The field trials were carried out during 1984-1987 in Ankara, Antlya and MuglaProvinces. The efficacy of seventeen trade products (Antivar, Varromal, Rulomal,Mal$er, Vamitrat, Vamitrat-VA, Varrescens, Varamit, Tikaz, Rulamit-VA, Kavanat-VA,Folbex-VA, Okzalic acid, Meothrin, Peropal, Trithion and Varroa malathion Dust as acomparision prouct) was compared using bee colonies.The field experiments were set up in Randomized Block Design and each hivewas taken as one parcel.According to the results obtained Rulamit-VA and VAmitrat-VA have been foundeffective against Varroa mite, 93.43 % and 91.27 % respectively_ It was concludedthey caused no damage to adult bees or brood and can be recommended as alternativeproducts to Varroa Malathion Dust, in early spring and late autmn three times eachof three day intervals. The efficacy of the other products tested was varied from 8.41% to 58.0 % so they were not advised.• Zirai MGcadele Ara!;llirma EnstitGsG - ANKARA2fJ7

UC;AK ·iLAC(~MALARIN~A KULLA~I~N CVPERMETHRIN ILACININ PILOT, MAKINIST VE FLAMAQLAR OZERiNDEKi OLUMSUZ ETKiLERiNiN ARA$TIRILMASI OyaZEREN* Turgay IsPlR** Yusuf ZEREN***SOne mOcadelesinde kullamlan Cypermethrin ULV ilaclnln pilot, makinist ve flamacllarOzerindeki etkilerini ara~tlrmak ic;in bu c;all~ma ele ahnml~br. Call~mada toplam26 adet bireyden 1 O'ar ml kan ornekleri allnarak bunlann Serum kolinesteraz, Serumprotein elektroforezi, SGOT, SGPT ve rutin kan testleri yapllml~tlr. Aynca iz maddesikullamlarak ilac;lama slraslnda iiacin giyeceklere ve pilot kabinine olan bul~madurumu ar~tlnlml~tlr. Deneme sonunda ila

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SIDE EFFECTS OF CYPERMETHRIN WHICH HAS USED AT THE AERIAL SPRAYING ON PILOT, MECHANIC AND PENNANT CARRIERS OyaZEREN· Turgqy IsPlw· Yusuf ZEREN···This study was carried.out in order to research the side effect of CypermethrinULV which has used control of Sunn-Pest (Eurygaslet'integriclJps Put.) on pilot,mechanic and pennant carriers. Serum cholinesterase, Serum protein elektrophorez,SGOT, SGPTand routine blood testes has examined at 26 person total. In addition,by using the trace material, has been examined being dirty in pilot's cabinet andthe dresses. .At the end this experiment has been determined that the pilots were absorbedthe chemica) residues too much but hadn't been determined any differences at theresults of biochemical analysis.•• Zirai MOcadele Ara!itlrma EnstitOsO - ADANA*"Y.O. rip FakOltesi - ADANA.... y.O. Ziraat FakOltesi - ADANA209

EGE BCLGESiNDEiNCiRLERDE GCRULEN AFLATOKSiN VE OCHROTOKSiN OLU$UMUiLE CNLENMESi UZERiNDE ARA$TIRMALAR s. Tank DEMiR* Ok!;an GULSERi-Nafi ~OKSOYLER*- Rasih KONCA -** Uygun AKSOY*****MeHem DUZBASTILAR******Ali ihsan OZAR*Son Yillarda kuru incir ihracatlmizi darbogala sokan ve insan sagllgl aClslndanonemli bir sorun olw;;turan aflatoksin olu§umko§ullanmn belirlenmesineve onlenmesineyonelik proje call§malan Aydin ve izmir incir plantasyonlannda 1988-1990 YillanndayurutOlmO§tOr.Ara§tlrma bulgulanna gore, orneklerin allndlgl tOm donemlerde aflatoksine nedenolan Aspergillus Bavusizole edilmi§tir. Bunakar§ln aflatoksin olu§umunun tazeincir(agacolu§umu) doneminde ba§ladlgl ve digerdonemlerdeartarakdevam ettigibelirlenmi§tir. Genelde A. flavusizolasyonu ile aflatoksin olu§umu arasmda paralelliksozkonusudur.Cail§mada, ilek arlelgl, sirke sinekleri ve ek§ilik boeeklerinin A. Bavus ve digerkOf funguslannm ta§lnmasmda vektOr olduklan saptanml§tlr. iklim kQ§ullan ile aflatoksinolu§umu arasmdaki iIi§kinin belirlenmesi call§malannda, ortalama slcakllk veorantlll nem degerlerinden cok meyvenin su aktivitesinin onemli oldugu belirlenmi§tir.Aflatoksinli incirlerin temiz incirlerden pratik olarak aynlmaslnda UV lamba kullanlmlmnfonksiyonel oldugu, i§letme giri§inde zorunlu UV lamba kullammmm gerektigikamslna vanlml§tlr.A. Bavusgeli§imini ve aflatoksin olu§umunu onleyecek kimyasal preparatlannbelirlenmesi call§malannda pratige aktanlacak sonuclar elde edilememi§tir.Call§llan orneklerin 16'smda ise tolerans duzeylerin uzerinde Oehrotoksin Asaptanml§tlr... Zirai MOcadele Ara~tlrma EnstitOsO - BornovaliZMiR.... il Kontrol Laboratuvar MOdOrlOgO - Bornova/izMiR...... il Kontrol Laboratuvar MOdOrlOgO - ANKARA•••• Glda T eknolojisi Ara~t1rma EnstitOsO - BURSA...... Ege Oniv. Zir. Fak. Bah

INVESTIGATIONS ON AFLATOXIN AND OCHROTOXIN PRODUCTION AND THEIR CONTROL IN FIGS IN AEGEAN REGION S. TarlkDEMiR* Ok~an GULSERi....Nafi C;OKSOYLER"''''; Rasih KONCA ......... Uygun AKSOY ........... Meltem DUZBASTlLAR*..........Ali ihsan OZAR" Recently. aflatqxin causes some difficulties in fig importation. To determine theconditions of aflatoxin production and prevent it. this study was carried out in Aydmand Izmir between of 1988 and 1990.According to the results. Aspergillus flavuscausing aflaxotin was isolated at allstages which the samples were collected. It was found that aflatoxin production beganat all stages. In general, there is a parellel stituation between A. flavus isolation andaflatoxin production.In the study, Blastophaga psenes, Carpophilus spp. and Drosophila spp.were found to be vectors carrying A. flavus and the other mould fungi. I n the stud iesof the determination of the relation between climatic conditions and aflatoxin production,it was found that water activity of fig was important rather than mean temperatureand relative humudity.It was came to the conclusion that use of UV lamb was useful to separate the figswith aflatoxin from the clean figs and use of UV lamb was necessary in entrance of factory.Itwas found that chemicals were not effective on A. flavusgrowing and aflatoxinproduction.Ochrotoxin A was determined above level of tolerance in 16 of samples... Zirai Mucadele Ara~tlrma EnstitUsu - Bornova/iZMiR.. il Kontrol Laboratuvar MUdUrlOgu - Bornova/iZMiR..... iI Kontrol Laboratuvar MUdUrlOgU - ANKARA**** Glda Teknolojisi Ara~tlrma EnstitUsU - BURSA....... Ege Univ. Zif. Fak. Bah;;e Bit. B51. - Bornova/iZMiR.......,.* TARi$ AR-GE MUdurlOgU - Bornova/iZMiR211

1994 (1989-1990)

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