report s - Legacy Tobacco Documents Library

OBACCO 0 -,R\Al 

1 Y. 21905 F 

I N T E R N A T I O N A 

In this issue : 

1492—1992 Quincentenary of 

Tobacco in Europe 

New Era in Brazil 

Raleigh Exhibition Preview 

Resilient Tobacco Trad e 

in Zimbabw e 

German Reunification a 

Boon for Tobacco Business 

Changing Attitudes 

in Turkey 

Addresses : Manufacturers 

of Machinery, Equipment 

and Supplies 

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MAY/JUNE 

3/1992

Spotlight 

on packaging : 

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packer . By installing a 3 :1 link- o you g et — proof wha t 

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Ul 

O 

CD 

().4 

N

L ast 

An Ear 

to the 

Ground 

year we got together fo r 

the first time with David Eckles, 

of Carlton Promotions , 

and Dayton tvlatlick, publisher o f 

Tobacco Reporter . The reason for 

our meeting was to discuss a pro - 

position put to us by representatives 

of the international tobacco 

business . 

The industry expressed interest 

in an international exposition tha t 

would be staged once every fou r 

years, at the most, whether in Europe, 

Asia or America, and where 

their wishes regarding locatio n 

would always be taken into consideration 

. 

It was obvious at the time tha t 

certain false impressions would 

have to be eliminated when the project 

was first announced to ensur e 

that our concept would be full y 

understood . 

A basic principle of the concep t 

was, and remains, that we lend a 

ready ear to all the sug gestions an d 

requests coming from our partners 

in the tobacco industry . 

These ideas are taken very seriously 

and are discussed at lengt h 

during the regular meetings that w e 

hold. 

We have received enormous support 

for the new exposition an d 

congress concept from all our 

readers . 

® 3/92 


Over the last couple of month s 

no fewer than 75 companies fro m 

all corners of the world hav e 

reserved space at the 1994 exposition 

in Vienna. Stand bookings al - 

ready occupy more than 65 per cen t 

of the floor-space in the new, larger 

exhibition halls reserved for the 

event by the Wiener Hessen Gesellschaft 

. 

This has not only given us grea t 

encouragement, it has also given u s 

proof that the idea behind the Premier 

Exposition & Congress has 

been accepted absolutely by the international 

tobacco trade and industry 

. 

In the course of mane a conversation 

regarding the event, our attention 

has been drawn to the fact tha t 

misunderstandings could arise 

from the word TABEX . We wer e 

told that if we altered the nam e 

slightly we would put everyone' s 

mind at ease . 

Nothing is easier than that . TA B 

obviously stands for the industry 

and EX for the Exposition. To 

make the distinction clear between 

the event and companies within th e 

industry, we have added the P an d 

O of Exposition to the name to create 

TABEXPO . 

TABEXPO 94 is a clear express - 

ion of our concept and stands fo r 

your business connection . 

EDITORIA L 

Editorial 5 

News and Names __ . 6- I I 

Leaf Tobacc o 

Resilient Tobacco Trade i n 

Zimbabwe—___ 

14-1 5 

Columbus ._—_. 16-3 2 

A Mistake with Far-reachin g 

Consequences — __ 13 -1 9 

Tobacco Passions and 

Fashions from the Mtavanst o 

the Europeans-__— 20-2 2 

The Columbus Legacy to a 

Tax-Hun g ry World _ 24-2 6 

The Quest for Speed 29 -3 2 

Reports 

German Cigarett e 

Manufacturers 

Profitfrom Reunification _ 33-3 7 

Prospects for the Spanis h 

Tobacco Economy , 38-40 

Issue of EC Packaging Wast e 

Directive Imminent 42-4 4 

A Tobacco Republi c 

in Latin America 46-48 

Event s 

Exhibition and Conference i n 

Raleigh 49-5 2 

Product Market s 

A New Era for Brazilia n 

Cigarette Manufacturers _ 54 

Changing Attitude s 

In a Chan ging Market 56-53 

Department s 

Late News 60-64 

The Tobacco Travelle r 

China/France_ 65-7 1 

Manufacturers of Machinery, 

Equipment and Supplies 

Advertisers' Index 86 

Coyer Photo : T11 Archives 

72 -85 

5

HEWS AND NAME S 

BRAZIL 

Record Exports 

Brazilian exports of leaf tobacco an d 

tobacco products amounted to USS 75 1 

million from January to October 1991 , 

20 per cent more than in the sam e 

period in 1990 . According to estimations 

from ABIFUMO, the Brazilia n 

Tobacco Industry Association, total ex - 

ports for 1991 are approximately 

USS831m, a new Brazilian record . 

During 1991 most tobacco was ex - 

ported between April and August. Th e 

peak was in July . when tobacco too k 

first place among all Brazilian agricultural 

product exports with USS1SSm , 

beating traditional export goods such 

as sugar and cocoa . 

Leaf tobacco exports amounted t o 

USS 655 648 566 from January to Au - 

gust 1991 . Cigarette exports increase d 

to USS 112 822 300 from January to Oc - 

tober 1991, a 184 .7 per cent increase i f 

compared with the results of the sam e 

period in 1990 (USS 36628093) . Ex - 

ports of other tobacco products 

reached USS 26 .5 million in the first te n 

months of 1991 . (RC ) 

BRAZIL 

Factory Close d 

Souza Cruz, the leading Brazilian cigarette 

manufacturer, closed its production 

plant in the north-eastern state of 

Bahia . According to company executives, 

the measure was taken to rationalise 

production among Souza Cruz' s 

factories spread around the country . 

The 64-year-old plant in Bahia produced 

18 million cigarettes, 3 .5 per cen t 

of the company's total output, and employed 

360 people. 

(RC ) 

BRAZIL 

Vlore Investment s 

British American Tobacco is to mor e 

than tripple its annual investment i n 

Brazil in 1992 because of increase d 

confidence in the Brazilian economy . 

As a result it expected Souza Cruz, it s 

Brazilian subsidiary, to raise its 1992 

tobacco and cigarette exports by mor e 

than S 100 million . 

The money will be used to modernis e 

the company's plants and increase to - 

6 


bacco purchases. giving work to 1600 0 

extra farmers . Sir Patrick Sheehy. chairman 

of BAT, expects the investment t o 

produce a S70 million increase in lea f 

exports on 1991's 5270 million and fo r 

ci garette exports to reach S50 millio n 

from S 10 million just five years ago . 

Souza Cruz recently started exporting 

cigarettes to eastern Europe and i s 

currently negotiating with Russia . 

It has stepped up exports to othe r 

Latin American countries and hopes t o 

benefit from the creation of Mercosul , 

the tariff-free common market betwee n 

Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay 

. 

Oh ) 

BRAZIL 

Loans for Grower s 

Twenty-five thousand tobacco grower s 

in the South of Brazil have been give n 

special loans from the Brazilian National 

Economic Development Fun d 

(BLADES). They will receive a tota l 

amount of USS20,7million to buil d 

10670 new ovens, 8950 barns and 8 75 0 

sheds for the air-curing of tobacc o 

leaves . The measure is expected to hav e 

a positive influence on the 1992/9 3 

crop. 

(RC ) 

their products. following a decision b y 

the Council of State, the country's hi g hest 

judicial body, which rules that a 

1972 European Community dire/ :Is e 

on free pricing must take precedenc e 

over a 1976 French law giving the anvernment 

power to fix tobacco prices . 

It is an important institutional victory 

for the French tobacco industry . 

although the immediate practical effec t 

on price levels is expected to be small . 

The French government abandone d 

statutory cigarette price fixing as a matterof 

policy four years ago . (ft ) 

NETHERLAND S 

Fusio n 

Turrnac Tobacco Company B .V. an d 

Sigarettenfabriek Ed. Laurens B .V . 

have fused to the new company name o f 

Rothmans Tobacco Company b .v . 

Rothmans Tobacco Company b.v is a 

wholly owned subsidiary of Rothmans 

International plc. The new compan y 

has four subsidiaries, for the four majo r 

activities of the business . i .e . manufacturing, 

exports, marketing & sales in th e 

Netherlands and the services departments 

. The existin g manufactunng facilities 

in The Netherlands and Switzer- 

land, complemented by Laurens - fac- 

CZECHOSLOVAKIA 

tory in The Hague . fall under the responsibility 

of Rothmans Manufactur • 

PM Buys Stak e 

ins (The Netherlands) by' ., operating 

from Zevenaar, the Netherlands . Thi s 

responsibility includes manufacturing 

Philip Morris has acquired a 30 per cen t arrangements with Cita on the Canary 

stake of Tabak Kutna Flora, the forme r 

tobacco monopoly of the Czech repub- 

Islands. Rothmans Exports (The 

Netherlands) b .v . is responsible for ex - 

lic, for USS I04 .4m. Czech deput y port activities in Europe and Rothman s 

prime minister Mr Jan Strasky declare d Nederland b.v. is responsible for al l 

the company would invest USS 140m i n marketing and sales activities the 

modernizing Kutna Hora's obsolet e Netherlands. Market research, adver- 

machines . 35 per cent of the compan y tisin g, finance, public affairs, huma n 

remains in the hands of the g overnmen t resources and others will form part o f 

and 27 per cent will be distributed to th e Rothmans Serv ices b .c . Rothmans To- 

population under the scheme of coubacco Company b.v's Board of Execupon 

privatisation . 

tive Directors is composed of the fol- 

Consumption of cigarettes in Czechoslovakia 

has been risin g and is no w 

lowing persons : Drs P. Keijzer, Managing 

Director : Drs J .W .S1 . Heslenfeld , 

at just overt 000 cigarettes per capita a Executive Director Finance : MrJ .G . d e 

year . 

(ft ) Vos, Executive Director Public Affairs : 

Mr C .C .T .M .T . Beke, Director Marketing 

Operations Exports . Mr O . A . Ek . 

FRANCE 

Director Markeing Services : Mr R . J . P . 

Liberated Prices 

de Leeuw, Director Human Resources : 

Mr .A .T.M van Schijndel . Director Mar - 

keting & Sales . The Netherlands and I r 

French cigarette makers have won the J .H .J . van de Winkel, Director Manulegal 

right to decide their own prices for factoring . (Cl ) 

3/92 Q]

A podium discussion on the future of the Hungarian Tobacco Industry was held on th e 

second day of celebrations. From left to right : Dr Janos Borsos, Mr Josef Thuma. Mr 

Hans-Gerd Koeaen, Mrs Sri/via Gaspar and Dr Borbely. 

Hungarian Tobacco Journal Celebrate s 

Centenary in Debrece n 

The publishers of the Hungarian Tobacco 

Journal at the Tobacco Researc h 

Quality Development Institute in Debrecen 

used the occasion of the journal's 

100th birthday to bring together 

friends . colleagues and business contacts 

from eastern and western Europe . 

A two-day celebration programme i n 

Debrecen, from 7 to S May, was hel d 

with a view to promoti n g tobacco trad e 

possibilities in Europe, and especiall y 

amongst eastern European countries . 

Celebrations commenced at th e 

town's Deri Museum, where welcoming 

speeches were held by Mr Kar l 

Hahn of Austria Tabak . Dr Borsos, 

Editor-in-Chief of the Hungarian Tobacco 

Journal and Mr Sandor Elek . De - 

puty State Secretary of the Hun garia n 

Ministry of Agriculture . A tour of a 

special tobacco exhibition followed . 

Marty of the exhibits had been lent to 

the Deri Museum by Austria Tabak an d 

documented the historical ties of th e 

two countries Dr Herbert Rupp . Director 

of the Vienna museum was presen t 

to answer any questions . 

Speakers at an afternoon meeting a t 

the Den Museum included Mr Yuri 

Romano .. Russian Consul in Debrecen. 

and Gydrgy Gilyan, Deput y 

State Secretary at the Hungarian Min - 

® 3/92 


istry of International Economic Affairs 

. 

Mr Gilyan explained that Hungary 

was eager to promote trade in Europe, 

and especially with eastern Europea n 

countries . He told guests that trade i n 

Hungary had been liberalised completely 

with imports no lon ger linked to 

licences . However, imports of leaf tobacco 

and tobacco products are as ye t 

regulated by a quota system . The quotas 

are rising and according to Mr Gilyan, 

will be abolished in two years . 

The Ministry of International Economic 

Affairs handles various trad e 

funds . All foreign companies operatin g 

in Hungary can make use of the fund s 

from the Foreign Investors Fund . I t 

supports would-be investors involve d 

in manufacturing, telecommunication s 

and road construction . Joint-venture s 

are also eligible for funds that must b e 

repaid within five years . 

The Russian Consul, Mr Yuri Romanov, 

noted that there was a hug e 

market East of Hungary to which i t 

should also turn for trade. He cornmented 

that many western European s 

and Americans were tradin g with Russia, 

but few Hungarians . 

On the second day of celebrations , 

aftera tourof the Tobacco Institute and 

the Debrecen: cigarette factory, whic h 

has been perchased by the German cig 

arette company Reemtsma . a podiu m 

discussion on the future of the Hungarian 

tobacco industry was held, once 

again at the Deri Museum . 

Panel members were Mr Jerse f 

Thuma . Deputy State Secretary for th e 

Ministry of Finance, Mrs Szilvia Gas - 

par. Senior Clerk responsible for tobacco 

matte:, at the Hun g arian Ministry 

of Agricclture, Dr Borsos and D r 

Borbely, both of the Tobacco Institute , 

and as panel chairman, Mr Hans-Ger d 

Koenen . Editor-in-Chief of Tobacc o 

Journal International . 

Mr Thuma informed those present 

that the tobacco industry in Hungary 

was one of the most stable industries i n 

the country . The government collected 

approximate) 20 billion forints in ta x 

from tobacco, making it a very import - 

ant source of income for the state cof- 

Dr Herber Rupp and Dr Zsolt Borbeh • 

open the tobacco exhibition. Photos : BH 

fens. He said that one of Hungary's 

most pressing tasks, however, was t o 

eliminate tax evasion . It is estimated 

that six billion cigarettes are sold il . 

legally per year in Hungary. This is 2 5 

per cent of total sales and represents 

hu ge losses for the got ernment . Th e 

Ministry of Finance wishes to intro - 

duce tax stamps for tobacco products . 

A bone of contention between th e 

government and the tobacco manufacturers 

is the general ban on advertising. 

In the course of the discussion, a representative 

of Philip Morris commented 

that without advertising, th e 

producers had no way of introducing 

new products onto the market an d 

hoped that the government would b e 

prepared to discuss the matter with th e 

industry before taking any final decisions 

on a new late . 

Celebrations were concluded with a 

farewell dinner and ended an event tha t 

was proof that one could indeed mi x 

business with pleasure . (BH ) 

7

NEWS ANO NAME S 

TAIWAN 

Troubled Times 

Having won the battle to force open th e 

South Korean and Thailand cigarett e 

markets . American tobacco companies 

are increasingly targeting Taiwan . 

Since cigarette imports into Taiwa n 

were legalised in 1987 sales of foreig n 

made cigarettes now have about 15 pe r 

cent of the market, plus an unquantifi- 

able additional amount serviced b y 

smuggled cigarettes . 

The Taiwan Tobacco & Wine Monopoly 

Bureau (TTWMB) controls th e 

tobacco trade in Taiwan, and is concerned 

not only with the increased sales 

of imported cigarettes, but what it has 

described as a general increase in the 

number of smokers and deleterious effect 

on people's health. 

Whilst the TTWMB is not permitted 

to advertise, foreign companies are 

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allowed more freedom. 

Recent proposals by Taiwan' s 

Health Department which are strongl y 

supported by the Monopoly and th e 

local anti-smoking John Tung Founda - 

tion, would ban all advertising and pro - 

motion of cigarettes, and introduc e 

much more stringent anti-smokin g 

legislation . 

A delegation from Taiwan recently i n 

the US as pan of a Trade Missio n 

pressed for revision of the 1956 agreement 

allowing sales of foreign cigarettes, 

and according to a reliable report . 

made additional proposals, which included 

measures to ban advertising an d 

promotion, a ban on ci garette sale s 

through vending machines, disclosure 

of chemical additives in tobacco pro - 

ducts, a ban on smokeless tobacco, and 

introduction of an aggressive public 

education health programme in Tai - 

wan . 

These proposals when made publi c 

in the US received immediate suppor t 

from the American Medical Association, 

the American Public health Association, 

and the American Lung Association 

. 

A representative of these groups sai d 

at a press conference in Washingto n 

"US Trade Representative Carl Hills i s 

trying to interfere with Taiwan's plan 

for controlling tobacco use and the U S 

administration is going against previous 

commitments not to challenge tobacco 

regulations aimed at protectin g 

public health. The proposed law woul d 

apply equally to imported and domes - 

tic cigarettes sold in Taiwan, thus the 

law was not an unfair trade restriction . " 

The Monopoly itself is also under 

attack in Taiwan for a similar healt h 

reason ; one of its most popular brand s 

is called Long Life, which the anti - 

smoking lobby calls the "height of cyni - 

cism" . 

Tobacco production in Taiwan has 

been almost static for the last decade ; 

the average area under the crop i s 

stated in a recent official report of th e 

Agricultural Department, as 8500 h a 

and average annual leaf production a s 

22 000 tonnes . 

Leaf imports reached 22000 tonnes 

in 1989 but have since declined t o 

15000 tonnes : exports averaged 400 0 

tonnes in the last three years . Cigarett e 

imports averaged 5500 million pieces 

in the last four years, with exports 

stated as rising steeply from 20 millio n 

pieces in 1988 to an estimated 70 mil - 

lion pieces in 1991 . (AP ) 

8 3/92 IiE 


As far back as 1902, E.A. Hail was alread y 

known around the United States as one of the 

country 's hest judges of tobacco . 

But for an ambitious young man like Hail , 

that just wasn't enough . 

o with a gleam in his eye and a suitcase full 

of the country's finest tobacco by his side, he set sail 

for Europe . 

And there, by foot or by train, byboat o r 

whatever it took, he made his way across the conti- 

nent, showing off his precious leaf to whoever would 

listen, whoever would give him the time ofday. 

HAIL 

Today, the company 

started by Ma Hail and his 

financial partner still ha s 

the same reputation for 

great judgement made wit h 

European companies 90 years 

ago . And we still trade in the worlds finest tobacco . 

The only difference is that today we kno w 

more . We know what blend pleases what customer , 

and we do everything we can to keep it that way . 

After what EÀ.H it went through to get u s 

started, we're not about to let him, nr you, down now . 

N, INC . 

25ci ì Soli fjr Ufa :r. Street, Box ] ;-J, CF+nn_7jit ld, Tnne_ see ,',7172. 01 )364 . a, 70.. FIX tC! 1_ ' I.C. ^]. T.-Ie SS-SOTS. 


law 

NEWS AND NAMES 

TAIWAN 

Out of Marke t 

Brown & Williamson have announce d 

their withdrawal from the Taiwan cigarette 

market . Citin g continuous losses 

due to rampant smuggling, Brown & 

Williamson will close their local branches 

and offer the sales rights of Ken t 

cigarettes to BAT. 

ITMA ) 

THAILAND 

Bans in Sigh t 

The public Health Ministry in Thailan d 

has taken steps to control smoking b y 

prohibiting the sale of cigarettes t o 

people under 18 years of age and banning 

cigarette vending machines an d 

cigarette advertising and promotion . 

The moves were proposed by th e 

Ministry as part of the Tobacco Pro - 

ducts Control Bill which is expected to 

be discussed in the Cabinet in the nea r 

future. 

All types of marketing, promotion 

and advertising will also be prohibited 

under the new law . Under the present 

law, all types of tobacco product advertising 

are prohibited with the Consumer 

Protection Office responsible fo r 

enforcement. 

The bill is also aimed at protectin g 

smokers by requiring cigarette producers, 

including the Thailand Tobacc o 

Monopoly, to produce cigarettes ac - 

cording to Public Health Ministry standards, 

including tar and nicotine con - 

tents. 

If the bill becomes law, it will be th e 

first time the government has set standards 

for cigarettes . 

(AP) 

declines . In the six months to September 

1991 sales grew 2 .5 per cent compared 

with the same period in 1990, t o 

167 billion cigarettes . 

(it) 

UNITED KINGDOM 

Consumption Will Dro p 

Chances of EC cigarette tax harmonisation 

retreat further with a fresh sharp 

tax increase that takes Britain eve r 

more distant from the Communit y 

average. The recent Budget pushed cigarette 

prices up by about 8 .8 per cent. 

making the retail cost of the best-sellin g 

brand about L .2 .20 CUSS 3 .85) per pack 

of 20. The result is that 1992 national 

consumption is predicted to slip to littl e 

more than 100000 million, even makin g 

allowance for hand-rolling, which i s 

currently about 8 .5 per cent of total 

consumption . (M13) 

UNITED KINGDOM 

BAT Appointments 

BAT's top management structure i s 

being streamlined as the company pre - 

pares to hand over to the next generation. 

BAT chairman . Sir Patric k 

Sheehy, is expected to step down some - 

time in 1993 and deputy chairman. 

Brian Garraway, will retire in Octobe r 

revenue and operating incomes, up 9 

and 6 per cent respectively . The company'a 

total cigarette sales rose 2 .6 pe r 

cent . including exports, while domesti c 

cigarette sales rose 0 .= per cent . in ) 

UNITED STATES 

Dibrell Restructure s 

Dibrell Brothers Inc . have announced a 

realignment of several senior management 

responsibilities for the company's 

leaf buying and processing operations 

world-wide. Mr T. Wayne Oaks, M r 

Louis N . Dibrell and Mr H . Peyto n 

Gleen were named regional executive s 

for the Asian. European and Africa n 

region respectively. Mr Richar d 

Lassiter has been appointed regiona l 

executive for Central and Sout h 

America, excluding Brazil. Mr Steve n 

B. Daniels is the new president of Dibrell 

Brothers do Brasil, the holdin g 

company for Dibrell's operating subsidiaries 

in Brazil. Still in South America, 

Mr Manuel Wilches has joined Dibrel l 

as operations director for the company's 

Argentine subsidiary Protas a 

s .a . (CI ) 

UNITED STATES 

Smaller Trade Surplus 

1992. Martin Broughton, currently The United States tobacco industry 

BAT Industries senior finance director. closed the 1991 calendar year with a 

will take over responsibility for BAT's trade surplus of USS4.8 billion, a de - 

financial services operation from Brian crease of US S873.4 million or 15 .4 pe r 

Garraway . A successor to Sir Patrick cent when compared to 1990's recor d 

has yet to be named but Broughton is trade surplus of USS5 .7 billion The 

shortlisted, as is Ulrich Herter, chair- lower trade surplus contribution wa s 

man of BAT Cigarettenfabriken, who due both to a decrease in the value o f 

will become managing director, to- cigarette exports from USS4.8 billio n 

bacco and join the chairman's policy in 1990 to USS4 .2 billion in 1991 . a s 

UNITED KINGDOM committee . well as an increase in the value of tota l 

Ulrich Herter joined BAT's German tobacco imports from USS813 millio n 

Japan's Overseas Move subsidiary in 1984. He will be sue- to USS 1 .2 billion . Tobacco retained it s 

ceeded by Bernd Schweitzer, presently top ranking among all US industries , 

Japan Tobacco made its first interna- marketing director in Hamburg. (PI) though, falling from fifth to sixth place 

tional acquisition with the purchase of 

as the nation's most competitive in the 

The Manchester Tobacco Company for 

global marker. 

USS 10m . Manchester Tobacco had U N 1 T E D STATES While US cigarette manufacturer s 

sales of USS 153m in 1990, and its 

exported a record 179 .4 billion cigaret- 

brands Kings and Regatta account for American Profits tea in 1991, up from the 164.3 billio n 

about I per cent of the British cigarette 

ci g arettes exported in 1990, the export 

market. Executives at Japan Tobacco American Brands lifted first-quarter value of these shipments was down t o 

declared the company does not plan to net income to USS245 .2 million in US 54.23 billion as compared t o 

expand the Manchester business . 1992. from USS216m in the same 

The Japanese cigarette market has period in 1991 . The company's Ameriexpanded 

in recent years after earlier can Tobacco unit posted record 

USS4 .76 billion in 1990. 

High taxation in Canada played a 

major role in the lower US tobacc o 

10 3/92 U]n 


trade surplus as imports of tobacea p ro - 

ducts from Canada rose 259 per 'tent i n 

1991 to satisfy Canadian consumer demand 

in the CS . In 1990 Canada ac - 

counted for 32 per cent of total tobacc o 

product imports comin g into the CS ; 

1991 the figure leaped to 62.5 per :ern . 

The leading countries of destinatio n 

for US ci g arette exports in 1991 '.sere : 

Japan (30 per cent of total) : Bel g iu m 

(26 .9 per cent) : Hong Kong 15 .9 pe r 

cent) : Turkey (5 .5 per cenu : Saud i 

Arabia (42 per cent, : United Ara b 

Emirates (4.2 per cent) : the former 

USSR (2 .6 per cent) . South Korea 122 

per cent) ; Singapore 11 .9 per cent, : an d 

Taiwan (1 .S per cent) . US cigarette ex - 

ports have increased dramatically in re - 

cent years due to the opening of :he ke y 

Asian markets of Japan. Taiwan. Sout h 

Korea and Thailand . deeper penetration 

within pre-existin g cigarette markets 

in the Middle East . and recent access 

to markets in Turkey and Eastern 

Europe, in particular the former Sosie t 

Union . At 226 .5 million kilo g rams, 

shipments of American- g rown leaf tobacco 

rose 3 .1 million kilo g rams in 

1991 . however the value of these ex - 

ports, at USS1 .43 billion, was dow n 

USS 12.8 million when compared wit h 

1990 . (TM A ) 

UNITED STATE S 

Warning Lables 

Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation 

has announced that it will appl y 

US warning notices on cigarette pack s 

manufactured for sale in internationa l 

markets where the products are currently 

unlabelled . 

Most countries already require warnings 

on cigarettes and nearly all o f 

Brown & \Villiamson's international 

brands are purchased in those countries 

. 

The decision to apply the US Surgeon 

General's warnings is based o n 

the consideration that national warning 

notice requirements have spread perva - 

sively, and public officials in majo r 

countries are advocating universa l 

pack notices . It is now expected that 

ci g arette pucks cam earnings . 

Brown & Williamson stated that i t 

plans to begin publishing the notices i n 

the additional countries durin g the 

course of 1992 . ICI ) 

UNITED STATES 

Aiming at Wome n 

American cigarette manufacturers hav e 

been progressively brin ging ne w 

brands onto the market meant to appea l 

to a growing female segment . 

In 1990 women aged 21-49 ac - 

counted for 47 per cent of the total C S 

smoking population . and this figure i s 

expected to increase to 55 per cent by 

the year 2000. Lorillard recently introduced 

the Style brand . a family of low - 

tar cigarettes. 

Misty Slims, a cheaper brand fro m 

the American Tobacco Company , 

proved successful after having sol d 

nearly 2 billion units in 1991 . 

Traditional favorites in this category 

remain Virginia Slims and Bensons & 

Hedges . (ROD ) 

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Le commerce du tabac brut au 

Zimbabwe est flexibl e 

En mars 1992 . peu as ant tour enure ou r 

encheres a Harare . dear questions se osaient 

it propos de I'arcnir du tabac a u 

Zimbabwe : la loi sur la nouselle repartition 

des terres altait-el!e affecter la cultur e 

commerciale et . Ia secheresse allait-eil e 

entraver serieusement la rtcolte de con e 

saison. La reponse du Zimbabwe a co 

deux questions co que le commerce d u 

tabac brut est assez flexible et assez feat 

pour faire face a tomes 1es difficultcs . 

Comercio de tabaco en Zimbabue — 

flexible y tuerte 

En marzo de 1992 . poco antes de que cr 

menzasea las subastas en Harare. se plan - 

tearon dos problemas can respecto al fu :u - 

ro del tabaco en Zimbabue : primers . si l a 

Ley de Colonization iha a afectar el cuiti - 

vo comercial y. segundo. si la sequia Pea a 

perjudicar seriamente log resultados d e 

esta temporada. La respuesta de Zimba - 

bue en abos casos es que el comcrcio de 

tabaco es to suficientemente flexible s fu - 

vie Como pars superar Codas las dificu!ta - 

des . 

Rohtabakhandel In Zimbabwe zelgt 

slob flexibe l 

lm Matz 1992. kurz hesor die Auktione n 

in Harare erOffnet wu-den, stellten sic h 

zwei Fragen hinsichtlich der Zukunft des 

Tabaks in Zimbabwe : zum einen, ob do s 

Gesetz Ober die Neuberiedetung der. ge - 

werblichen Anbau betreffen wattle un d 

zweitens, ob die Trockeaheit die Errebn. is • 

se dieser Saison ernsthaft beeintrachtige n 

konnte. Die Antwort Zimbabwes lautet . 

daIS der Rohtabakhandel q esibet an d 

stark genug 1st, um alle Schw'ierigkeire n 

zu iberwinden . 

Flessiblllth del commerclo del tobacco 

gregglo nello Zimbabwe 

Nel mese di marzo 1992, poco prima 

dell'apertura delle sendite all'asta a Hara - 

re, si presentarono due problemi in merit o 

all'ays•enire del tabacco cello Zimbabwe : 

in primo luogo ci si chiedette se la leas e 

sulla nuova colonizzazione colpirebbe l a 

coltisazione industriale e in secondo luogo 

se la siccitd pot Tebbe seriamente pregiu - 

dicarc it raccolto delta stagione corrente . 

La risposta dello Zimbabwe ai due imerrogatiri 

: it commercio del tabacco greggio e 

sufficientemente flessibile e forte da pose r 

superare tune lc difficolt5. 

Handel in ruwe tabak In Zimbabw e 

blijkt flexibel to zijn 

In maart 1992, kort soordat de seilinge n 

in Harare openden, kwamen twee sragc n 

naar voren met bet oog op de toekomst 

van de tabak in Zimbabwe : Ten ecrste. of 

de wet over de nieuwe kolonisatie de am - 

bachtelijke tech eat beia-vloedcn en te n 

tweede of de droogte de opbrengst an di t 

seizoen benadelen kan . Het ant wcord so n 

Zimbabwe op beide sragen luidt dat d e 

handel in roue tabak flexibel en sterk ae - 

noeg is om alle daadwerkelijke of gas rte s . 

de mocitijkheden het hoofd to kunne n 

bieden . 

.tiluch of the leaf hart ested in Zimbabwe in 1992 is as better than anticipated alter on e 

of the driest seasons on record. 

Resilient Tobacco Trade i n 

Zimbabwe 

by Barbara Horne 

In March I99_2 , just before the tobacco auction floors opened in Harare, 

two questions were in the air regarding the future of Zimbabwe leaf . 

The first was whether the Land Acquisition Bill would affect 

commercial tobacco cultivation and second was whether the drough t 

would seriously affect the season's results . Zimbabwe's answer to bot h 

questions is that the tobacco trade is resilient and forceful enough t o 

overcome any real difficulties and dispel worries about any perceive d 

problems . 

The drought affected some areas 

very badly in Zimbabwe, but lat e 

rains at the end of March gav e 

the dryland crop a great boost . A silver 

lining to the drought was the lack of 

trouble with pests and diseases . Comparisons 

with the unhappy year of 193 7 

were tatulls misplaced and final cro p 

estimates before the auctions opene d 

stood at 150 .7 million kg . an increase o f 

5 per cent over the 1991 result. 

The first auction :ale was held on 3 1 

March and by the seek endin g 15 April 

Y- 

1992 10903 176 m had been sold averaging 

USS 1 .6353 per kg . 

In a move to curb currency speculation 

. auctions are being conducted i n 

L'S dollars for the first time in 1992 . 

Aserage price expectations were highe r 

before auctions commenced but no - 

body expected prices to reach the soaring 

levels of 1991 . However, a high 

local inflation rate means that the cur - 

rent aserage per kg more than 7 per cen t 

down on 1991 in Zimbabwe dolla r 

terms and approximately 47 per cen t 

14 3/92 ffn 


down in US dollar terms . A compariso n 

with 1991 is misleading in that it' wa s. a n 

unusual season, with merchants cornpeting 

for market share and currenc y 

speculation pushing prices for even th e 

lowest quality leaf up to totally unrealistic 

levels . In 1992 things are hack t o 

reasonable regions where quality dictates 

the price. 

Local Money Marke t 

Deteriorated 

Yet another difference to 1991 is the 

situation on the local money market . 

Interests rates stood at 15 per cent i n 

1991 and now stand at 30 per cent, so 

leaf merchants are anxious to keep lea f 

prices at a reasonable level in order t o 

compensate for the higher preshipmen t 

borrowin g costs . The merchants alsorecommended 

extensive prefinancin g 

to their clients . 

Leaf on offer during the couple o f 

weeks was mainly of lemon lower reapings 

from irrigated crops . Much of th e 

leaf was better in quality than anticipated 

and quality will improve eve n 

more as sales advance and the leaf tha t 

has profited from the late rains reache s 

the market. 

Costs to growers have escalated ove r 

the last twelve months, by an approximate 

30 per cent, which will reduc e 

margins . However, cultivation of flue - 

cured tobacco is still a very profitable , 

somethin g which can not be said fo r 

such crops as maize or cotton . 

Land Acquisitio n 

Bill 

Of course, farmers and merchants alik e 

regard the season as a not particularly 

brilliant one, but seasons come and go 

and Zimbabwe remains one of the mai n 

sources in the world of high-quality fla - 

vourful leaf. This year there will b e 

more filler material around, but there 

are plenty of customers for this kind o f 

tobacco . 

The second question mark over Zimbabwe 

is the Land Acquisition Bill , 

which is the cause of much discussio n 

and anxiety . Dr Mugabe has given hi s 

word that no productive land will be 

allotted for resettlement . It is difficul t 

CO assess how much this promise i s 

worth, though one would assume that 

the government knows which side its 

bread is buttered, with the tobacco in - 

3/92 

Zimbabwe Crop Forecas t 

1991/1992 

Per Cent Hectare Kg/Ha 1 Million Kilo s 

Early Plantings 25 e 20253 3054 62 0 

Main Crop 15 .3 1 2 462 2375 29 6 

iSupplementary ; 

Main Crop 47 5 37205 2032 75 7 

(Rain Only) 

Late Crop 9 1442 200E 3 3 

ISupplernentany l 

' Late Crop 65 6587 1 484 10 4 

IPam Only) 

Total 1cca 78 500 2302 180 7 

:-. .. 

waives , 


Cultivation of flue-cured tobacco remains very profitable in Zimbabwe. Photo : BH 

dustry in Zimbabwe earning more than 

1 .4 billion Zimbabwe dollars in export s 

in 1991, or an approximate 25 per cen t 

of the country's foreign exchange . 

It is seen by the trade and industry as 

a political move by the Mugabe regim e 

to appease those clamouring for socia l 

equality . The fact that commercial farmers 

support not only workers but 

whole families, who live in the accomo - 

dation provided on the farms, seems t o 

carry little weight . 

Neighbouring Zambia has seen the 

Land Act as an opportunity to lure experienced 

tobacco farmers away fro m 

Zimbabwe by offering them cheap lan d 

and few restrictions regarding the 

movement of foreign currency . Zim - 

babwe nationals are permitted to tak e 

out only very mea g re sums of foreig n 

currency annually. In addition, the 

soils and climate in Zambia are excellently 

suited to tobacco cultivation . 

Nevertheless, a sudden mass exodus of 

farmers is not expected . What ma y 

occur is a gradual move of the younger 

generation when the time comes fo r 

them to take over. Instead of staying o n 

the family farm in Zimbabwe, som e 

could decide to start farming in Zambia 

; however, this is mere speculation . 

As things stand farmers and trade ar e 

making plans for the next season . hoping 

for more clement weather and common-sense 

politics . a 

1 5 

Cj

14 

IN 

9 

COLUMBU S 

SAILED TH E 

OCEAN BLUE 

A journey based on a 

misconception that changed th e 

world and brought tobacco to 

Europ e 

l i M) N O S 


etc l! :r t l .n. r 

rnlet.1t . .d uo da . 

Net,. atat . :tot the 

only trt . at , he 

swan, r 

e ,l . I nu •Ii hi . 

larder gnat 

tad It . .lidl,w 

retain . du . 

Is lee j ell 

5 .. . yul .nuN,.t b y 

da lath.. uouhl ,v .ruualiy 

low• arnurol Uu• ,.oil 11.,u. .er. 

as . n .rtlr ii hi . iw voyage h, the 

\ . .. isndJ le drew in the it., eve r 

note' tat tobacco Icy 1,11 tnha..n 

and ailment prtah .l . acre ta,°g .rtp,wnd 

by Ihr Suamsh w 6uvpc tlirttttith 'fit: trading 

.. .piny Ca ., tic C., nala. in1 tk bs tndia. of 

5cs11k. 

In 111• mid. 1 rear. gmlgraphen and navigators werr .vmitw.M 

the .mad u.. rnun,l . they alit° belie..'d Asia cmernl halt of 

earth'. nuance sad sta. nn 1;0 .1..1 dwaneu foil . 1;art tact .e 

,Ln .li ..a . Gduu,hu . thn .,l. t it . . .h ., u,•a on to lied.l 

-., .tu4vls ltw s„,JJC baud on a utiaitte phn.0 L,I 

ili>vnv,ry 11.11 chaua-,I the w .nh t 

reach ,„ Vew .t'w41 in It :C. he 

Ihv,ghyt he had achieved his 

` al 4,, a env, 94505.10 In 

hoc, . 4- ha , had Iaquvl at tin t 

,ohl 11' .I e e the 

bete 'alas . ...he lu.i. .d 

au. den J .sumplwn Hey 

^,e oak. toward . Columbu s 

nlel . ::core he asked where 

y `dJ . .11e and they told him 

tJ 1, . •Jil .lk mesrufef. 

t 

1492 Columbus reaches the Caribbean 

Island .. including Cuba . and find s 

the inhabitants smoking tobacco. 

1503 Founding of the Spanish Casa de 

Contratacido de to Indao in 

Seville. An Spaniilt trade with th e 

New World. including the impor t 

of tobacco and tobacco products, i s 

carried out through this state 

agency. 

1519 

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 

Cortex conquers Mexico. Reports 

on the smoking habits of the 

Aaecs and on their cultivation o f 

tobacco plants appear. 

1515 The Purtttgarse begin to cuhiral c 

tobacco ill Broil. 

1556 The monk Andy! Thevet, who ba d 

acted as chaplain to a French 

model colony in Brazil, begin s 

cultivating N. tabocam on his 

mien to France. . 

1560 The French Ambassador in 

Lisbon, Jean Nkot, sends tobacco 

as a medicine to the French court. 

1564 The English navigator Sir)oba 

Hawkins and his crew introduce 

smoking to England after their 

return from North America . 

1604 King James 1 introduces an Impor t 

duty on tobacco in England and . 

Publishes 'A Counterblaste 

Tobacco'. 

1612 John Rolfe establishes the firs t 

N. Iobocnm plantations in Virginia . 

1613 The first crop of tobaccos from 

Virginia is shipped to England. 

1620 the Armenian Juan Bautista 

Carrafa is granted a royal 

concession to establish a tobacc o 

factory in Seville. . 

1625 King Charles 1 establishes a 

. 1 .; . tobacco monopoly in England. 

Cuba. 

The first Suslnl cigarette machine . 

developed in Cuba, is displayed a t 

the World Exhibition to Paris 

1878 The Durand cigarette machine is 

presented at the World Eahihiuu n 

in Pads It has a capacity of 2 5 

cigarettes per minute. 

1881 The first German patent is take n 

out for the BergstrYsser cigarctic 

machine . 

1881 Construction of the America n 

Bonsack cigarette machine, with a 

capacity of 150 cigarettes per . 

mink, which will later become 

the Universal dgarene machine 

and be improved until it reaches a 

capacity of 400 to 500 cigarette s 

per minute . 

1913 Development of the . 

Amerlcan-blend cigarette, base d 

on blends of pipe tobaccos, 

1933 Afully automatic continuous rod 

I fitter cigarette maker is develope d 

by Molina. 

1992 • Wide utilization otautamati c 

cigarette makers with production 

capacities of 10000 dgaredes per 

minute. World consumpliou of 

cigarettes reaches a figure of 6.2 

billion per annum.

COLUMBU S 

Une erreur aux tortes consequence s 

II y a cinq cents ans . torsque Christoph e 

Colomb partit en bateau pour tenter d e 

trouser une nouseile route de navigation 

verb les Indes. it ne se doutait pas qu ill 

decouvrirait un nouveau continent et un e 

denree de luxe, Mc : imam des europeens, d 

savoir le tabac. II rencontra des indigene s 

qui inhalaient la lumen dune herbe. Cett e 

herbe . le tabac . devait se resider au tour s 

de I'histoire . en cant que source fiscale , 

comme une veritable mine d'or pour sou s 

lea ministres des finances du monde . 

Una equlvocacien can grave s 

consecuencla s 

Hace 500 anon . cuando Colon zarpo pars 

encontrar un nuevo pasaje maritimo a Ja s 

indias, no podia saber que iba a descubri r 

un nuevo estimulante, desconocide para 

los europeos, el tabaco. Alli se encontro 

con los indigenas que inhalaron el bum o 

de esta hierba. En el transcurso de la historig, 

como fuente de impuestos dicha hierba 

rue convirtiendose en una autentic a 

mina de oro pars Jos ministros de Hacien - 

da de muchisimos paises del muodo . 

lie Irrtum mit pollen Folgen 

Als Kolumbus vor 500 Jahren lossegelte , 

urn vine neue Schiffspassage nach Indien 

zu linden, ahnte er ni ght, dab er einen 

neuen Kontinent and vin den Europdern 

unbekanntes GenuBmittel, nBmlich den 

Tabak, entdecken witrde . Dort begegnet e 

er Eingeborenen, die den Rauch vines 

Krautes inhalierten . Dienes Kraut. der Tabait, 

soilte sich als Steuerquelle im Laufe 

der Geschichte dann (Or die Finanzminister 

alley Herren Linder als wabre Goldgrube 

erw•eisea. 

Un errors caries di conseguenze 

Allorche 500 anni or sono Cristoforo Colombo 

priest i1 largo in cerca di una nuov a 

via per le Indio non presagiva the avrebbe 

scoperto un nuovo conlinente a un genre 

voluttuario firm allora sc000sciuto agli europei, 

ossia it tabacco . Egli incontro col d 

degli indigent the asppiravano it fumo di 

una pianta erbacca. Nel torso della storia , 

questa pianta, it tabacco, doveva poi dimostrarsi, 

per i ministri delle finanzedi tutti i 

Paesi del mondo, una very miniera d'oro 

come fonte d'imposta . . 

Een vergissing met grate gevolge n 

Teen Columbus 500 jaar geleden we eilde, 

not ten nieuwe scheepsweg naar Indie 

to zoekett. had hij er geen vermoeden van 

dat hij een nieuw continent en een in Europa 

onbekend genotmiddel, namelijk de 

taba k. zou ontdekken. Daar ontmoette hi j 

inboorlingen. die de rook van can kruid 

in ha leerde n. Dit kruid, tabak, zou als bro n 

van belastingen in de loop van de geschie - 

denis voor de ministers van financidn overal 

ter wereld een ware goudmijn blijke n 

to zijn . 

A Mistake With 

Far-reaching Consequence s 

by Ernst G'uges jun . 

When Christopher Columbus set sail 500 :.ears ago to find a new se a 

route to India, at the time meaning China and the legendary Japan . he 

could in no way foresee his discovery of a new continent and of a new 

pleasure for Europeans in the form of tobacco. Until his death , 

Columbus remained convinced that he had arrived in India . During hi s 

search forgold and other treasures, he encountered natives who wer e 

inhaling the smoke of a weed . This weed . tobacco, proved a true 

gotdmine over the centuries for finance ministers around the world . 

C olumbus 

sailed for more than 6 0 

days in his quest to find a ne w 

sea passage to India. The unusual 

length of the voyage throug h 

completely unknown waters cause d 

growing unrest among the crews of th e 

vessels Santa Maria Pinta and Nina . A s 

a result, the following entries are foun d 

in Columbus's ship log book : 

Tuesday 9th October : He (Columbus) 

sailed north-west and covered five 

miles . The whole night they heard bird s 

flying past . (Columbus always entered 

somewhat lower mileages than those 

actually covered in order not to creat e 

further panic amongst the crew) . 

Wednesday 10th October : In the entire 

2_4 hours they covered 59 miles . At 

this point the men could no longer hol d 

out. They complained about the lon g 

voyage but the admiral encourage d 

them as much as he could and kindle d 

in them the hope of advantages whic h 

they could expect. 

Thursday 11th October : The crew o f 

the Pinta caught sight of a reed and a 

stick and fished both of them out of th e 

water. As a result of this encouragin g 

sign they breathed a sigh of relief. At 

2a .m . they spied land : they were abou t 

two miles from the shore . They waited 

until the Friday when they reached a 

small island of the Bahamas which wa s 

called Guanahani in the language of 

the Indians . Columbus now believed 

that he had reached the goal of hi s 

dream to have actually discovered a 

new route to India . 

in order to understand why Colum- 

bus had set out on such an adventurou s 

voya g e of discovery it is necessary t o 

take a brief' glance back to the the n 

political and economic situation in Europe 

. The conquest of Constantinopl e 

(Istanbul) by the Turks in 1453 seale d 

the end of the Bysantine Empire . As a 

result . trading by the Northern Italia n 

principal cities with the East came 

under the control of the Ottomans. The 

blockade of the North African an d 

Meditarranean trade routes to th e 

Orient by the Ottomans caused the Portuguese 

to circumvent the trade barriers 

by means of creating new shipping 

routes around Africa . 

In 1488 Banelomeu Dias with tw o 

carat cis reached the southern tip of Africa 

. This discovery now confirmed tha t 

the sea route to India via the Cape wa s 

open . Trade with the Orient had com e 

to a standstill and it was here that rar e 

spices more than anything else were 

sou g ht after. The prospect of acquirin g 

the legendary gold treasures an d 

precious stone deposits in China created 

g reat excitement throughout Europe 

. not least owing to the lack of gol d 

reserves in western countries compare d 

with the industrially superior Orient . 

Nevertheless, the newly discovered se a 

route to India was long and dangerous . 

't\ e now come to the story of Christopher 

Columbus. He was born i n 

Genoa in 1451 . His father was a respected 

member of the Cloth-worker s 

Guild . Columbus junior learned to 

write Latin and was taught mathematics 

. In accordance with Genoese tradi - 

lB 3/92 


tiun, he went to sea at the age of 14 an d 

during the following years he receive d 

his basic training in seamanship . I n 

about 1475 he sealed in Lisbon . At tha t 

time Portu gal was regarded as th e 

centre of voyages of discovery. In th e 

city of Villa do Infante there was a 

school for the study of navigation, cartography 

and geography as well as a n 

observatory . It was here that future se a 

captains and navigators were traine d 

and all new discoveries were carefull y 

entered in the nautical charts . Columbus 

soon obtained a general picture i n 

Portugal of the latest position concerning 

discoveries . 

During this time the thought ripene d 

in Columbus that the Orient should b e 

sought in the West. The spherical shape 

of the earth was considered to be a fac t 

by geographers and navigators. How - 

ever, the proportions of the continent s 

of Asia and Europe were incorrect o n 

the globe as the goegraphers were of the 

mistaken opinion that .Asia took up hal f 

the surface and that consequently it wa s 

not far from Europe in a westerly direction. 

Later on, Columbus sailed forth 

under this false assumption and th e 

voyage would have ended in tragedy i f 

the New World had not been precisely 

where he had assumed to find the wes t 

coast of India . 

In 1484 Columbus was granted a personal 

audience with King Dom Joao t o 

whom he presented the plan of seekin g 

India in the West. However, the Kin g 

was not particularly enthusiastic abou t 

this plan . Nevertheless, Portugal ha d 

secured the route to India exclusively 

via the southern Cape of Africa . Moreov 

es, a board of learned men appointe d 

by the King rejected the plan . 

It was therefore hardly surprising 

that subsequently Columbus would b e 

more successful in Spain with his project 

. Spain had more need than Portugal 

to seek a trade route to India west - 

wards. 

In any case. Columbus went to Spai n 

in 1475 with his son because, as told b y 

the contemporary chronicler Las 

Casas, he feared that the Portugues e 

King would throw him into prison an d 

might send an expedition to India with - 

out him . Whilst the Ottomans were successfully 

ouating the Europeans fro m 

the east of their empire, the Reconques t 

of Spain, that is to say the liberatio n 

from the Moors, was nearing its conclusion 

at the end of the 15th century . Th e 

Reconquest had lasted 700 years and i t 

undoubtedly left its mark on the 

country . Durin g the Renaissance. customs 

established by the Vandal ; an d 

Goths remained valid in the north o f 

the peninsula and Moorish custom s 

still predominated in the south . Th e 

long period of the Reconquest was reflected 

in the national character . ex - 

pressing itself in such forms as kni gh t 

errantry, defiance of death, trust in God 

and warlike initiative. 

In Spain too Columbus undauntedl y 

continued to beat the drum on behalf o f 

his daring project . Whilst so doing h e 

shrewdly spread the idea that the voya 

g e would have a Christian missionary 

character with more emphasis than i n 

Portugal . As a result he gained the sup - 

port of a large number of religious advocates 

. On the strength of this th e 

Queen's father confessor, Hernand o 

Talavcra, succeeded in arranging for 

him to be g ranted an audience with th e 

royal couple . The Spanish royal court 

also set up a commission of learne d 

men to study the plan of seeking a west - 

ern passage to India. 

However, they came to the conclusion 

that the Columbus project was impracticable 

. The royal couple refraine d 

from issuing a jud gement and sai d 

neither yes nor no to the plan . Columbus, 

who was still unshakenably convinced 

of the soundness of his idea, was 

almost on the point of leaving Spain i n 

order to submit his expedition plan to 

Kin g Charles VIII of France . However , 

it did not come to this . 

At that decisive moment Columbus 

considered it worth while to obtain th e 

support of high dignitaries of th e 

Church by stressing the missionar y 

character of his voyage . The Queen' s 

father confessor once again put in a 

word on behalf of Columbus and arranged 

a fresh audience at the court . I t 

was a propitious period and in 149 2 

Granada, the last bastion of the Moor s 

in Spain, capitulated . On 3 A u gust 149 2 

Columbus finally sailed from the small 

Spanish port of Palos, in the directio n 

of India, a country he was never to see . 

In spite of all the pretence that he wa s 

motivated by missionary zeal, what 

Columbus really desired from "India " 

was gold and more gold . This is prove d 

by his entries in the ship's lo g book : 

"He (Columbus) sailed to an island . . . 

called Babeque where it is said that th e 

people pick up gold from the beach a t 

night by torchlight and then ... by constant 

hammering make rods out of its . " 

In addition to the beautiful landscape 

reminiscent of Paradise . as re - 

corded by Columbus in Ms log book s o 

descriptively and brii!iactly, "India " 

also appeared to be a Garden of Ede n 

for precious metals And the natives . 

whom Columbus called "Indios", thu s 

maintaining and magn :f.ing his error . 

were described by him as friendly an d 

warm-hearted people who, wheneve r 

he asked them about gold, readily gav e 

him information and held out the prospect 

of fantastic hoards of gold . A s 

friendly people they knew precisel y 

what Columbus wished to hear. Th e 

description of the native inhabitants a s 

extremely peace-loving and innocen t 

was subsequently said to hate tempte d 

a host of adventurers, desperados an d 

common scoundrels to sail to the New 

World as they thought that no seriou s 

difficulties would be met in robbin g 

these people of their treasures . 

On Tuesday, 6 November, Columbu s 

discovered a completeh different kin d 

of treasure to which, however, he scare - 

cly attached any importance . He wrot e 

in his diary : "On the way the two Christians 

met many people walking throug h 

the villages, men and women, carryin g 

glowing pieces of wood and leaves wit h 

which they conducted the customary 

smoking habits . " 

Bishop Las Casa, in his "General Description 

of India" described the incident 

in greater detail : "The genera l 

smoking operations are carried ou t 

with dry leaves which are inserted into a 

specific equally dry leaf in the style of a 

fire-cracker which boys make up at 

Whitson . 

When it is ignited at the side, peopl e 

suck or quaff or draw on the smoke a t 

the other end by inhaling it . By such 

means they soothe their limbs an d 

become almost intoxicated but they sa y 

that they do not feel any fatigue . 

They themselves call these fire-crackers 

"tabacos ". I became acquainte d 

with Spaniards on the island o f 

Espanola . 

They were accustomed to using thes e 

"tabacos" and if they were criticised o n 

this account and told that it was a vic e 

they replied that it was beyond thei r 

power to cease this practice . I do no t 

know what use or taste they found i n 

it. Well, as far as taste is concerned, a s 

everybody knows this has always bee n 

open to argument . The use of tobacco , 

on the other hand became evident during 

the following centuries . Tobacco , 

the brown gold, has proved a neverending 

source of tat rcsertue . ■ 

® 3/92 19 


COLUMBUS 

Tabac — Passions at coutumes de s 

mans aux Europeans 

Pour les Europeens, l'histoire du taba c 

debuts en 1492, mais les Mayas commencerent 

a cuitiver cette plaate, daps 

1'etat qui est actuellemeat le Mexique , 

4000 ass auparavant. fls brtllaient les 

feuilles daps tears temples off ils adoraient 

le feu qu'ils prenaient pour an Dieu. Les 

connaissaoces de la culture du tabac fu - 

rent transmises par les Mayas aux Incas, 

tux Azteques et au: Arawaka qui s'eiabli - 

rent en lade Occidentals ot1 Cbristoph e 

Colomb arrives 

Tabaco — Paslones y castumbre s 

desde Ins mayas hasta In europeos 

Para los curopeos, Is historia del tabaco 

comienz-s en el ado 1492, pero los mayas 

yes estaban cultivando Is plants en el estado 

que ahora llamamos Mexico desde hate 

mess de 4,000 aios. Quemaron las bojas e n 

sus temples donde adoraron el fuego que 

consideraron un dios. La acacia del cultivo 

del tabaco past) sot los playas a los incas 

y aztecas y a los tndioaarawacos que se : 

habian establecido en las Iadies Occidentales 

donde Ilego Colon : ; t.. • . -' . 

Tabak Leldenschsfei nod Briuch e 

"von den Mayas bls ze den Europ$ern 

Die Ges hichte des Tabaks begmnt Mr di e 

Europier im Sabre 1492, Aber die Pflanze 

wurde von den Mayas im heutigen Mexiko 

bereits 4000 Jahre frilher.aagebaut . Sie 

verbraantea die Metter in f eenTempcln , 

wo sic daiFeder verehrtea. das de fil e 

einen Gott hiehenDie KeantnisdcsTabakanbauskam 

Vera den Mayas 'au de n 

Inkasund Aiteken:uad iu'der Aiawak 

Indiana, die sich in Westindien" aagesiedeltbaleen 

and woKolumbus nchlieB- , 

lick tandete.: 'P O 

Tabacco - Passion! . usi dal Male apl l 

[umbe l 

La storia del tabacco insets per gli Enropei i 

Dell' ono 1492, ins lireiasata comtncib ad ' 

essere piantata dal Mast ncIl'ittuale_Metsicogi:14000apaipnma;F,isitiebruciavano 

le foglie nei tetnpliipye adonvano it 

fu000,eke essiconsidetavano,una dlvini- ' 

ta= Le conoscenza'dclli e'oltivax_ione'de l 

'tabacco passodai Mai 411 II daCass,, tali , 

Aztechi a agli IadiahlArateak,'che si era 

no insediati aelic larlie'OaideniaG ove , 

;.fini per sppeodare Colombo ice ? 

.or;- 4 yob -, . . 

Tsbak - hartitochti ea psbzlake n 

van is flays'slot asA dos Eeropaaaeee 

De geschtedeafsyatode t8 altbipiQt voo e 

' de Europeaanen is 14921, riiar d.e plan t 

wend door de Maya's i4bethuidigè Mexi - 

co reeds 4000 jaaidaatvooigeteeld . Ze 

. verbrandden de bladeiho'ia hits temples, 

'wain ex het vuur yereerdentlaLoe ales era . 

god beschouwden: De'ktnnhit de't-ii- ; 

bakteelt we rd door di Maya's. sin delnta's 

en Azteke" en tan de Arawak-Indianea 

overgeleverd, die zich in` ' W.css-Indio 

haddea gevestigd waar Columbus ten slotte 

laodde. 

Tobacco Passions an d 

Fashions from the Mayan s 

to the Europeans 

by Barbara Hom e 

The history of tobacco begins in 1492 for Europeans, but the plant wa s 

grown in present-day Mexico more than 4000 years ago by the Maya n 

Indians. They burned the leaves in their temples where they pai d 

homage to fire, which they believed to be a god . The knowledge of 

tobacco-growing passed via the Mayans to the Incas and the Aztecs , 

and to the Arawak Indians who settled in the West Indies, wher e 

Columbus eventually landed . 

The oldest European form of th e 

word tobacco is "tabaco". The 

Spanish adopted this word from 

the language of the Arawak Indians o f 

Haiti and Cuba. It denoted the cylindrical 

form of the tobacco rolls that th e 

Arawak's smoked, but it eventuall y 

came to mean the contents . 

The word cigar, like cigarette . i s 

derived from the Mayan word Ci q 

meaning combustible (its root ci or cii 

means pleasantly scented or tastin g 

good) and the Mayans are the firs t 

people known to have smoked cigars . 

The practice spread from Mexico to the 

other indigenous peoples of Central 

America. Demetrio Pcla was the firs t 

European to learn how to make cigars . 

He was taught in 1541, so he notes, by a 

Cuban Indian chief called Panduca, 

who had befriended him . Pela subsequently 

began to manufacture cigars o n 

Cuba, whence the practice spread t o 

Spain . 

Large scale production of cigars 

started in 1720 at the Royal Tobacco 

factory in Seville . 

The colonialisation that followed th e 

discovery of the New World and th e 

foundation of trading houses, such as 

the Spanish Casa de Contratacion de 

las Indias in Seville, in the first half o f 

the sixteenth century, meant that tobacco 

spread to Europe through firs t 

Spain and then Portugal. 

The first tobacco seeds were taken 

Pipe smoking was made fashionable in 

England by Sir Halter Raleigh . 

back to Spain as a curiosity withou t 

thought for possible uses . It was a 

Frenchman, called Jean Nicot de Ville - 

main, ambassador to the Portugues e 

Court, who in 1560 sent "tabac" to hi s 

queen, Cathrine de Medici, in Paris . H e 

sent her tobacco seeds and tobacco 

leaves in pulverised form for healin g 

purposes . The Queen gave her son th e 

powder, the future King Charles IX, t o 

be taken as snuff as a cure for migranes. 

Jean Nicot was the first person to 

identify a certain healing quality in th e 

tobacco plant . As early as 1590 th e 

plant was named "nicotiana" in recognition 

of his ser vices . 

20 3/92 in] 


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no,ds runn,iblizv and iinituimil v 

VOW' 

ot r .tt 

the plug Ina's . , Ind t ‘ ‘t ittr tip menu. 

lir glue in . and he lp fro m 

I'i \ teClll‘ Ca v ‘.v. ' ; '‘ ‘s 1 : 11a % 

dated to Id s i 'v 

‘1 .'‘ItV 111 ‘Is 0. . ,.I I E ' 1■ 


yiiur plugs thanks to uniform physical propert;es 

. and consistent ventilation for (iti r 

low-delivery cigarettes . 

This is lcil\ since I I N4 . your support ha s 

enabled us to establish a leadership positio n 

Eurnpe 

Porovirap l. a full ningeof pi irous plug-Ta p 

paer : . including several stiff grad:s . hioi n 

P5\1 . iilt uinf‘‘rn‘i ;y specialist s 

Kimberty-aark Ccrporaroir 

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\sotl Cc,, 

QUA , 

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ISO 900 1 

ASSU2A : ;C 

au AI'[ .sA 

n'aeC

COlUMBUS 

Tobacco Passions . . . 

So snuff was one of the initial form s 

of tobacco consumed in Europe, first a s 

a medicine and then for the mere plea - 

sure of it . It became a fashion for cen - 

turies amongst the high societies an d 

was enjoyed by ladies and gentlemen 

alike . 

In 1556 a French monk returned 

from Brazil and commenced cultivation 

of tobacco in France . Tobacco was 

soon grown as a decorative plant at al l 

the European courts. 

The introduction of tobacco to Europe, 

therefore. was as a medicine and 

as an ornamental plant . It was onl y 

available to the general public in apothecaries 

. 

In 1564 the English navigator Si r 

John Hawkins and his crew introduce d 

smoking to England after their retur n 

from North America . From England , 

tobacco reached Holland and Belgium . 

Germany became acquainted with the 

plant via Switzerland where a tobacc o 

plant is said to have been grown in the 

botanical gardens of Berne . 

The different routes by which tobacco 

reached various European coun - 

tries decided which form of consumption 

became popular first . 

In the southern part of the continen t 

nasal snuff was the first tobacco pro - 

duct to be consumed : in the northern 

countries pipe smoking became know n 

first . 

Pipe smokin g had a great tradition 

22 


among the Red Indian tribes o f 

America . The pipes varied greatly fro m 

tribe to tribe and were made of clay , 

wood . marble or jasper . The most important 

pipes for all the tribes werethose 

of war and peace . The war•pip e 

was shaped like a tomahawk : th e 

peace-pipe (Calumet) was heavily dec - 

orated and a heirloom of the tribe . 

Ralph Lane, the Governor of Virginia , 

LSA was the first man to smoke i n 

Great Britain in 1556 and it was Si r 

Walter Raleigh who made pipe smoking 

fashionable and socially acceptabl e 

in Elizabethan England . 

Smoking Originally 

Called Drinking 

What is now called smoking was generally 

described as drinking until the mi d 

seventeenth century. It is said that th e 

expression originated in the custom o f 

inhaling smoke and then allowing it t o 

escape through the nose . 

Students took the pipe-smokin g 

habit across the Channel to Holland 

arrd from there to Germany . 

In 1615 the commercial cultivation o f 

tobacco began in Europe in the town o f 

Amersfoort in Holland for the production 

of pipe tobacco. The Dutch tobacco 

farmers were pioneers and trail - 

blazers for the spread of tobacco culture 

in Europe . It was also the Dutc h 

tobacco agents and manufacturers who 

played leading roles in the tobacc o 

trade and industry for many centuries . 

Cigar smoking did not become fashion - 

able in England until the beginning o f 

the nineteenth century after the Peninsual 

War from 1808 to 1314. Soldier s 

returning from the war brou g ht cigar s 

back to England . By the middle of the 

century a flourishing manufacturing in - 

dustry had developed . During the 3 0 

Years War and the Napoleonic Wars 

cigar smoking spread around the whol e 

of Europe . 

When tobacco consumption becam e 

popular in Europe, the ceremony involved 

reflected to some extent th e 

spirit of the times . Life ran at a muc h 

more leisurely pace in former centuries , 

which also meant one had more time to 

enjoy a quiet smoke . The pipe dominated 

in the seventeenth and eighteent h 

centuries . One needed and still need s 

time and requisites to prepare a pipe . A t 

the beginning of the nineteenth century 

the cigar grew in popularity, needin g 

less preparation. 

s t 

A typical scene in the 19th Century : the 

sale of single cigars. 

Photos : TJIArchives 

.. 

-I f 

In the middle of the Nineteenth Century 

the cigarette became popular. I t 

needs the same time to light as a cigar , 

but is quicker to smoke . 

The first cigarettes in Europe were 

probably smoked in Spain in the 1760s 

and the Royal Tobacco Factory wa s 

producing them by I733 .They achieved 

a certain popularity in France, Germany, 

Turkey and other Europea n 

countries, but it was not until the orien - 

tal cigarette from Turkey and Russi a 

reached Europe during the Crimea n 

War that cigarette smoking really 

caught on . 

Before the cigarette appeared on th e 

scene, smoking remained a male habi t 

carried out indoors (often because i t 

was forbidden to smoke in public) . 

The cigarette changed all this , 

women took up the habit and it was n o 

longer unfashionable to smoke in public 

places . The final breakthrough i n 

popularity occurred after the First 

World War, and World War Two wa s 

responsible for the spread of the Ameri - 

can-blend cigarette in western Europe . 

Fashion now dictates that tobacco con - 

sumption is "out" in many Europea n 

countries, but Fashions come and go . 

For 4000 years, at least, tobacco ha s 

played a part in the culture of th e L l 

human race . For 500 years Europe ha s 

enjoyed the pleasures of tobacco i n c 

various forms and it is impossible to 

imagine a world without it. ■ 

0 

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COlUMBU S 

:heritage de Christophe Colomb au x 

ministres des finances du mond e 

Si les encaisseurs d'impots du monde 

avaient un patron, it devrait s'appele r 

Christophe Colomb . Durant lcs cinq derniers 

siecles, personae d'autre que lui n' a 

autant contribub a remplir Ics misses publiques 

des Etats. Il n'y pouvait pounant 

rien, introduisant sculcmcnt le tabac e n 

Europe . Des armies apes. les encaisseur s 

d'impors utitisbrent le tabac comm e 

moyen pour sautirer de l'argent aux fumeu 

rs . 

La herencia de ColOn pare lox ministro s 

de Hacienda en todo el mundo 

Si es que lox recaudadores de impuestos d e 

todo el mundo tengan un patron comun. 

bate tendria que llamarse Cristobal Colon . 

Durance los tiltimos cinco siglos nadie h a 

con tribuido masque bl a Ilenar las areas d e 

los cobiemos de los difcreates paises, aun - 

que el mismo fue inocente. Sencillament e 

introdujo en Europa el tabaco. Altos despuis, 

cos principes de impuestos descubrieroo 

en el tabaco una manera par quitar- 

1es dinero a los fumadores. 

Kolumbus Erbe fOr die Flnanzminlsler 

der Welt 

Wenn die Steuereiotreiber der Welt einen 

Schurzbeiligea bitten, dann m80te es 

Christoph Kolumbus sein. Wahrend der 

vergangenen fearJahrhundertc hat kaum 

jemand so viel dazu beigetragen, die 

Staatskassen der Regierungen zu falle n 

wie er . Dabei war er selbst unschuldig dar - 

an. Er ti3hrte in Europa tediglich den Ta - 

bak ein. lahre spates fanden die Steuerein - 

. treiber im Tabak ein Mittel, den Rauchern 

viel Geld aus der Tasche zu ziehen. 

L'ereditti dl Crlstofore Colombo a l 

ministri delle flnanze del mando Wer e 

Se agli esattori delle imposte del mondo 

intero si volesse assegnare un santo protettore. 

questo sarebbe sicurameate Cristofo - 

ro Colombo. lnfatti,durante gli ultimi Cinque 

secoli nessuno pits di lui ha contribuito 

a riempire le casse statali di innumerevoli 

governi . Senza rendersene conto, egli 

introdusse in Europa quella foglia canto 

preziosa. Molti anni pun tardi gli esattori 

delle imposte scoprirono'nel tabacco it 

mezzo ideale per estrarre quattrini delle 

tasche dei fumatori. 

Columbus ertdeef 'voor de ministers 

van flaanclCn der wergil d 

Ala de belastinginners van de wereld ee n 

schutspatroon badden, zou het Christof fel 

Columbus moeten zijn . In de afgelope n 

vijf eeuwen heeft aiemand er zoveel aa n 

bijgedragen om de schatkisten van de regeringen 

te vullen als bij . En loch was hi j 

daar nice schuldig aan. Hij voerde allee n 

in Europa het gouden blad in. Jaren later 

vonden de belastioginners in tabak een 

middel om de rokers bet geld uit de zak t e 

kloppcn. 

24 


The Columbus Legacy to a 

Tax-Hungry World 

by :Michael F. Barford 

If the world's tax collectors have a patron saint . he should h e 

Christopher Columbus . Nobody ever did more over the last riv e 

centuries to fill the coffers ofnational governments . Yet the explorer's 

role was innocent . He simply introduced to Europe the golden leaf tha t 

became the vehicle of taxation. Years later, fiscal mandarins round i n 

tobacco a means of extracting money from smokers. So briskly have 

smoking and, later. tobacco taxation developed since 1492 that worl d 

tobacco tax is now more than USS 140000 million a year and rising . 

hen the Italian biographe r 

Gianni Granzotto described 

tobacco as "perhaps the New 

world's greatest gift to the old" in hi s 

definitive life of Columbus, he had in 

mind the pleasure of smoking, not th e 

wealth that tobacco has since generated 

. Wealth arises from commercial 

exploitation of resources such as crops , 

and exploitation implies trade . 

Although nicotiana tabacum and nicatiana 

rusrica were being cultivated i n 

northern Brazil, Central America an d 

the Caribbean by American Indians be - 

fore Columbus sailed the Atlantic, i t 

was for the delight and rituals of the 

communities that grew it ; evidence of 

anything that could be called trade i s 

scant. Trade had to await the arrival i n 

Europe of samples of dried leaf and , 

more important, knowledge of the howto 

of smoking, first observ ed in Cuba b y 

Luis de Torres . 

Trade — the movement of commodities 

in bulk from one place to an - 

other — started when tobacco and 

smoking advanced from being a botanical 

and anthropological curiosity to be - 

coming an accepted luxury in Spai n 

and Portugal during the first half of th e 

16th Century, thereafter spreading 

widely around the known world over a 

short time-span . By 1590, if not earlier, 

the first Customs duties were impose d 

on tobacco and within a few years the 

notion of excise taxing tobacco became 

established, at least in Europe . wher e 

the concept of state tobacco monopolies 

also took root . 

Although the first official criticism o f 

smoking followed soon after, most notoriously 

in Britain, Turkey and Russia , 

the systematic use of taxation to admonish 

smokers had to wait 350 years , 

until the 19705, to become familiar i n 

much of the world . By that time, no t 

only had cigarette smoking — largely a 

20th Century phenomenon — becom e 

virtually universal, but the sheer quantity 

of tobacco consumed meant rich 

revenue yields for governments, what - 

ever their motives for taxing smoking. 

And as tax levels have risen, the ta x 

base itself has soared : world consumption 

of tobacco has almost double d 

since 1960 . 

The tax money that tobacco generates 

world-wide is so huge that it strains 

imagination . I estimate that in 1992 th e 

world total will be just over USS 140000 

million . The 1992 figure seems to b e 

around 3 per cent of all the tax revenue 

of all the world's governments combined. 

Indeed, the projecte d 

USS 140000 million is greater than th e 

gross national product of all but th e 

world's 20 richest countries . And fo r 

many governments, of which Chin a 

and Brazil are striking examples, tobacco 

tax is the largest single source o f 

national revenue. A rough averagin g o f 

the world's tax impacts suggests tha t 

tax accounts for between 55 per cen t 

and 60 per cent of that smokers ever - 

where pay for tobacco products, actua l 

rates ranging between 86 per cent i n 

Denmark and very little in poor Thir d 

World countries . 

3/92

Did You Know. . . 

• Canada has been exporting tobacco to over 

(50 countries since 1926 . 

• Canada has a constant commitment to continu e 

improving Leaf Quality and Customer mice t o 

meet the not exacting needs of any customer 

throughout the world. 

• Canada's extremely low pesticide residues are amon g 

the worlds lowest, while its sorting . grading and 

marketing standards are among the worlds highest . 

Our moist, mild growing region is located in the mos t 

southerly part of Canada . nestled along the bonder of the 

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The Columbus . . . 

Tobacco tax needs definition . Countries 

with centrally-planned economics 

and some in the process of emerging 

from Communism do not identify as 

tax the profits that state-owned tobacco 

monopolies pay to the government . I n 

practical effect, the distinction is se - 

mantic . The profit amounts to tax, sinc e 

it is included in what smokers pay fo r 

tobacco products and the money goe s 

to the government. In Bulgaria, for 

example, the government in 1991 collected 

the equivalent of some USS 1600 

million from smokers, just over a guar - 

CONTRABAND IN WORLD 

CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION 

(1991 estimates ( 

Estimates of the volume of cigarette 

smuggling derive from known exports, 

recorded legal imports and estimates 

of world duty-free and untaxed 

legitimate trade. 

CONTRABAND IN WCRLD 

CIGARETTE TRAD E 

(1991 estimates, 

In 1991, almost27per centof total International 

trade in cigarettes was apparently 

contraband, 

26 


ter being called tax and the rest being 

profits remitted by Bulgartabac — further 

tax in all but name . 

Generally speaking, the only way in 

which tobacco taxes change is up - 

wards : cuts are rare, though not entirel y 

unknown where a previous increase i s 

recognised to have been hasty and foolish. 

In Third World cases that come to 

mind, the signal that a rise was stupi d 

came, not from protesting smokers no r 

the bad consciences of rulers, but fro m 

awareness that smuggling was increasing 

briskly. In future, there may b e 

some advanced-country backtrackin g 

(or at least restraint) as the extent t o 

which the freest form of free trade, contraband, 

is felt to hit national revenues . 

Contraband has been booming world - 

wide since 1933 and particularly sinc e 

the start of the present decade- Exact 

data are of course elusive in this mist y 

area, but I estimate that more than a 

quarter of the cigarettes traded internationally 

in 1991 were smuggled int o 

destination countries, after making ful l 

allowance for duty-free and simila r 

trade in special tax circumstances. 

The tendency for tobacco taxes i n 

developed countries to rise towards levels 

where about three-quarters of retail 

prices is tax makes contrabandiers ' 

effort . investment and risk eminentl y 

worth while in some of the world's most 

sophisticated countries . Taxes need not 

be so high to make smuggling attractiv e 

— as can be seen in such familiar area s 

as the Arabian Gulf and nearby states , 

the Caribbean, South American countries 

bordering the River Plate, Wes t 

Africa and various parts of Pacific Asia . 

I can foresee continued increase in contraband 

in circumstances where duty - 

evasion is not the dominant motive . 

Simply getting attractive cigarettes of 

known quality into territories whos e 

domestic production and /or norma l 

import trade and internal distributio n 

are dislocated — parts of the Common - 

wealth of Independent States, Romania 

and Iraq are examples — is a 

potential profitable challenge t o 

smuggling enterprise . 

I even wonder whether the EC's in - 

tended ban on cigarettes with more 

than 12mg of tar may encourage th e 

unofficial inflow of more robust pro - 

ducts if it comes into effect on the du e 

date of 31 December 1997 . By that tim e 

some countries with traditions of fuller - 

flavour smoking may be on the point of 

joining the Community. 

And what will be the future of to- 

TRENC C :CC_ :C!JTRAas', C 

■este : tc :ai i 

its 

,m 

'lea 'Set .9n IWO 

An estimated 3.= per cent of a/i the cigarettes 

smoked in the aorld last year 

were smuggled. Source : Tabacosmos 

bacco taxation" It will he ever mor e 

oppressive, whichever of the two mai n 

scenarios is prefe-ed . Under the first , 

world tobacco consumption (at presen t 

still rising ) will eventually peak, possibly 

in the early days of the next millenium 

and thereafter subside gently : finance 

ministers will keep pushing taxe s 

up until the reality of the law of diminishing 

returns induces them to stop . 

Under the second scenario (plausible 

if the world grows impatient of government 

nannying and anti-smokers' nagging), 

consumption will continue to rise 

with the increase of world population , 

of smoking by women, of urbanisatio n 

and other positis e influences, while th e 

advent of new and fashionabl e 

"causes" for governments to pursue 

(such as taxing ener gy consumption ) 

will deflect interest away from taxin g 

tobacco . 

For the more ingenious finance min - 

isters in advanced countries, there ma y 

also be something new to tax . Pharmaceutical 

industries see fortunes to be 

made out of products such as nicotin e 

chewing gum, tablets, skin patches tha t 

slowly release nicotine into the body 

and like preparations conceived to 

lighten nicotine withdrawal symptoms . 

Nicotine appears to be the key ingredient 

of most of these products . Whil e 

they may be intended to help smoker s 

to quit their habit, they might be a wa y 

for smokers to continue to get the nicotine 

they are accustomed to, without the 

"tar" in ci g arettes . Should they becom e 

popular as ci g arette replacements, government 

will has e to consider whethe r 

to tax these products as they tax tobacco 

. ■


500103341


500103342

Automatic cigarette production in the 1910s . 

The Quest for Speed 

by Hans-Dietrich Klopfer 

The shredded tobacco leaves rolled in maize leaves smoked by th e 

natives of the New World now have little to do with today' s 

sophisticated cigarettes, except that the most important ingredient i s 

tobacco . Christopher Columbus would probably not recognize th e 

modern cigarette for what it is, but he would be impressed by th e 

engineering ingenuity that has brought automatic manufacture so far . 

n the second half of the 19th century 

experiments were undertake n 

I to produce cigarettes automatically 

. Prior to this cigarettes were produced 

on a large scale by hand. Th e 

famous Seville tobacco factory during 

® 3/92 


the 18th century turned out great quantities 

of cigarettes, hand made by ro w 

upon row of female employees . The 

first cigarette factory in France was established 

in 1824 and also produce d 

hand-made cigarettes, and the first in - 

Tendance a fa 'Masse 

Les feuillcs de tabac, decoupies et makes 

darts des readies de mail, comme les fumaient 

les indigines du Nouveau Monde, 

n'avaient guire i volt avec les actuelles 

cigarettes fabriquies cur machines i haut e 

performance. Christophe Colomb ne reconnaitrait 

probablement pas la cigarette 

moderne, mais it serait impressionne pa r 

le nombre d'idees eu igard au domaine 

technique, lesquelles ont tact fait evince 

la fabrication automatique . 

En bona do la *idea 

Las bojas de tabaco, rotas en peque gos 

pedazos y enrolladas en hojas de malt, 

como las fumaron los nativos en cl Nuevo 

Mundo, solo oaten pow en corn in con los 

cigarrillos sofisticados de nucsaros dlas, 

ademis de que el ingrediente mis importante 

sigue siendo el tabaco. Cristobal 

Colon posiblemente no reconoceria el cigarrillo 

modernopero cataria impresionado 

por is imaginacibn de una ingenieria 

que ha desarrollado la fabrication automitica 

hasta el aivel actual. 

Strebeo nach Geschwtndlgkeit 

Die in Maisblitter gerollten, zcrsttlekelten 

Tabakblitter, wie sie die Einheimischen 

der Neuen Welt rauchtea, batte n 

wenig mit den heutigen Zigaretten zu tun , 

dic auf Hochgeschwindigkeitsmaschinen 

hergestellt werden. Christoph Kolambus 

wCrde die moderneligarette miglicherweise 

nicht erkennen, abet er wire beeiadruckt 

vom technischen Einfallsreichtum, 

der die automatische Herstellung so 

wcit voraogetrieben hat. 

Tendeeza alla velocith 

Le foglie di tabacco sminuzzate, avvolte in- 

. 

foglie di ay ranoturco, come venvano fumate 

dagit indigeni del ouovo monde, era. 

no ben diverse dalle sigaretee odierne tabbrictte 

su macchine ad alts velociti- Probabilmente 

Cristoforo Colombo non ricenoscerebbe 

la sigaretta moderna, ma'asrebbe 

sicuramente impressionato dall a 

ricchezza tecnica di idee the ha permesso , 

di promuovere Is fabbricazione auwmati- . 

ca in motto cos! strepitoso . - 

Streven mar sneiheld 

De in maisbladen gerolde. versnipperde 

tabaksbladeren, zoals de iaheemsen die in 

do Nieuwe Wereld rookten, hadden weinig 

gemeen met de huidige sigareuen, die 

op machines tact hoge snelheid gemaakt 

warden. Christoffel Columbus zoude moderne 

sigaret waarschijnlijk niet herkennen, 

mane hij zou onder de indruk zij n 

can de technische vindringrijkheid wardoor 

de automatische fabricage zo ver gevcrdcrd 

is. 

2 9

COtUMBU S 

The Quest . . . 

dustrial compan y to make h. ;d•mad e 

cigarettes in Germany was ripened i n 

Dresden in 1362 . Austria fo lloaed i n 

1870 in Hainbur_ . 

A woman could complete four or liv e 

cigarettes a minute, but this '.vas onl y 

achieved by the most nimble . 

The first cigarette machine to attract 

international attention was develope d 

by the inventor Susini, owner of th e 

Honradez cigarette factory in Havana . 

His machine caused a sensation amon g 

visitors to the Paris Exhibition of 1367 . 

The Susini machine produced 60 cigarettes 

a minute . On the basis of a girl 

making three cigarettes a minute, sh e 

needed 20 minutes to product the sam e 

number . 

In 1876 the first attempts at producing 

cigarettes by machine in German y 

were carried out in Dresden by Ott o 

Bergstr5sse. These experiments centred 

around making cigarettes from continuous 

tobacco rod, but came to nothing 

because of the low output of th e 

machines . How'e%er. Bergstrasser coun - 

tinued to experiment and in 1380 

patented his cigarette machine for making 

a continuous tobacco rod . The cigarettes 

were cut to their correct le n g th b y 

hand . In the same year, the French engineer 

Anatole Edouard Decoufl introduced 

his first ci g arette fillin g ma - 

chine, the Decoufle N3, which had a n 

output of 20 cigarettes a minute . A conveyor 

belt carryin g tobacco loaded b y 

hand fed this machine. 

On the other side of the Atlantic , 

James Bonsack of Virginia patented a 

cigarette machine in 1881 that produced 

120000 cigarettes a day . 

The tobacco was fed into the machine 

from a hopper equipped with rollers 

and the cigarette rod was divide d 

into pre-determined lengths by ma - 

chine . 

Bonsack set up the first cigarette rod - 

making machine in Allen & G ;nter's i n 

the US in 1381 and in 1887 all the com - 

pany's factories had been equippe d 

with this model, albeit with certain improvements 

. 

The company some misgivings abou t 

machine-made cigarettes . Firstly . because 

a certain resistance was expecte d 

from consumers used to hard-rolle d 

products and secondly because a larg e 

number of women were made redundant 

. 

However, pro gress of automati c 

manufacture was not to be halted . 

30 


In :383 the Bonsack machine was set 

up for the first time in England, in the 

Wills Company. In the years that followed 

the machine was modified and 

reached an output of 300 cigarettes a 

minute. 

At the 4th Tobacco Trade Exhibitio n 

held in London in 1897 an America n 

called Bernhard Baron displayed a cigarette 

maker capable of making 4S0 

cigarettes a minute . 

A cigarette filling machine called th e 

Gallia was introduced by Decoufle in 

1908 . An innovation of this machin e 

was the automatic feed of tobacco fro m 

a hopper . Its job was to feed cut tobacco 

to the filling machine, a task previously 

carried out manually . 

Universelle of Dresden introduced 

its first operational cigarette rod machine 

in 1910, the Excelsior III B , 

which had an output of 250 cigarettes 

per minute . By 1921 the efficiency o f 

the machine had increased to 1000 

cpm . 

In 1914 Decoufle were able to put o n 

sale an improved version of the 190 8 

Gallia. At the same time the compan y 

brought out their first rod-making ma - 

chine, the UD 5, which had a maximu m 

rate of 500 cigarettes per minute . 

Du Brul of Cincinnati, US matche d 

this speed in 1919 with the 4 CC cigarette 

machine . 

The Susini machine - 1878. 

The Excelsior Ra p id from Lniyerselle 

of Dresden achieved speeds o f 

1 100 cpm in 192 : and by 1930 it was 

running at 1300 . 

Molins Machine Company of Lon - 

don, which was founded in 1912 introduced 

its first cigarette maker to th e 

industry in 1926 . This was the Mark I, a 

machine that ran at 1000 cpm. Th e 

Mark 5 came onto the market in 193 0 

with an output of over I000 cpm an d 

served the cigaret e industry until 1953. 

Decoufle introduced the Velo x 

maker in 19_6 . This was an improve d 

version of the 1911 L'D5 . The .Arenco 

Company took a majority share in Decoutle 

in 1928 and in 1934 the compan y 

brought out the LOV. which ran at 120 0 

cpm. and in 1934 the LOB was introduced 

. which ran at 1 500 cpm . 

In 1929 the owner of Universelle . 

Johann Carl Muller . took over production 

of the Triumph cigarette maker i n 

Dresden, with an output of 1 200 cpm, 

from the local United Cigarette Machinery 

Company . Around 1930, the 

Dresden-based Progress Company , 

which had developed a cigarette make r 

with an output of between 1800 to 2 00 0 

cpm . was taken over by Universelle . It 

was only possible to achieve such ahig h 

output on the machine because it onl y 

produced round cigarettes, i .e . without 

gold, cork or straw tip s 

In 1935 Walter Molins built the Mark 

6, which also produced more than 1 000 

cpm . 

After the Second World War Uniyerselle 

became a state-ow ned company i n 

the Soviet-occupied zone of German y 

and was eventually named VEB Tabakund 

lndustriemaschinen, Dresden . Th e 

technical director of the old Universelle, 

Kurt A . Utter. moved to Ham • 

burg and founded the Hauni-Werk e 

KSrber 8 Co . KG . In 1949 Haun i 

brought out the Excelsior Rapid KDC , 

a maker with an output of 1350 cpm . 

Four years later there followed th e 

Super Rapid KDZ. a high-speed ma - 

chine with an output of 1400 cpm , 

which was gradualiy increased to 1 75 0 

by 1965 . 

Molins brou g ht out a new dark 6 i n 

1953 . Unlike the previous Mark 6 o f 

1935, it made 1350 cpm. As early as 

1950, Molins were incorporating a filte r 

device in their Mark 5 and Mark 6 machines 

. These were the first steps to - 

wards improvements in design. 

The Decoufle LOD model was introduced 

in 1955 and ran at 1 500 cpm . 

The post-war machines worked o n 

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COMM 

The Quest . . . 

the conventional principle of the rod - 

machine. Design improvements wer e 

made and innovations included photo - 

electric cigarette counters, automati c 

cigarette wei ghing units. cigarette catchers 

with twin turrets and tobacco rod 

monitors . All these improvements con - 

tributed to the increase in output . 

During this period, with speeds of 

2500 cpm being achieved, it was becoming 

increasingly impossible for th e 

workers to fill the cigarette trays b y 

hand . In 1950 Molines addressed thi s 

problem and designed various tray fillers 

. 

A revolutionary step in cigarette 

maki n g came from VEB Tabak in Dres - 

den in the form of the DK cigarette 

maker that could produce 1 500 plai n 

cigarettes per minute or 1 100 tippe d 

products. The advantages of the ma - 

chine lay in the new style of construction 

and operation and in the man y 

improvements made to individua l 

units. It used a vertical-column hopper 

with a new type of tobacco feed . A 

photocell controlled the even feed o f 

tobacco and automatic tobacco fee d 

became superfluous as one operative 

could supply ten machines with cut tobacco 

from chests . A large form whee l 

took the tobacco from the tobacc o 

trough located just above floor level t o 

shape it into a rod without pressing i t 

until it reached the garniture. A newly - 

developed tongue stripped the tobacc o 

rod from the form wheel . The engineers 

had dispensed with the hopper and th e 

tobacco conveyor belt. The tobacco ro d 

combined with the cigarette paper as i t 

was fed in and passed on to the garniture 

. All subsequent operations wer e 

performed in the conventional manner. 

As a result of the new method of pre - 

shaping the tobacco rod without pressing 

it, together with the even distribution 

of the tobacco in the vertical column 

hopper, it was possible to mak e 

cigarettes with a very good, even fill of 

tobacco . It was also possible to fee d 

cigarettes into an automatic weighin g 

unit periodically which checked an d 

lo g ged the weight of twenty cigarette s 

twice every minute . 

It was the idea of the French inventor, 

Francis Auguste Maurice Labbe o f 

Orleans to form the tobacco rod by suc - 

king tobacco onto the under side of a 

suction band which allowed air to pass 

through it . Dccoufle patented the invention 

in 19:4. The idea led to a new 

1988 — 10 000cpms. Photos: TJI.4rchhcs 

era in the construction of cigarette makers 

and made speed increases possibl e 

while maintaining cigarette quality . 

In 1957 Decoufle introduced the - 

LOF machine. The idea of using a 

trimming unit, a further invention of 

Labbe's from 1943 . was incorporate d 

into the design . The output of the ma - 

chine was 2000 cpm and was increased 

to 2 500 cpm . All machines since then 

have used this principle of tobacco suc - 

tion . Decoufle made its patents avail - 

able to competitors by means of licens - 

ing a greements . 

labbe moved to Molins where hi s 

idea was not only the basis for the Mark 

8 but all subsequent models . 

The Mark 8 was introduced in 195 8 

with an output of 1600 cpm ; by 197 1 

output was up to 3 000 . 

A new machine generation fro m 

Hauni-Werke was introduced in 195 9 

called the Garant . The Garant I produced 

1500 cpm . By 1968 the Garant 4 

was producing 4000 cpm . The only difference 

in operation between the Garant 

I and the Garant 4 was that whils t 

the pneumatically-fed cut tobacc o 

passed directly into the hopper of the 

Garant 1, on the Garant 4 a pre-distributor 

was interposed . 

Decoutle came onto the market wit h 

the LOG machine in 19"0 with an output 

of 4000 cpm . This was followed i n 

1976 by a complete ci g arette maker 

with plug assembler . the LIB, and the 

LUD tray filler . In 19"9 ARE\'C O 

withdrew their capital from Decoufle ; 

shares were subsequently taken up by 

Hauni . 

In 1971 Molins replaced the Mark 3 

by the Mark 9 which ran at 4000 cpm . 

Five years later in 1976 the Mark 9- 5 

was introduced with an output oil 000. 

By 1978 speeds of 6000 were bein g 

achieved with the Hauni PROTOS an d 

in 1982 the PROTOS was running a t 

7200 cpm . 

Molins bro u g ht the Mark 10 onto th e 

market in 1984 with speeds of 3 000 cp m 

and Hauni's PROTOS 8000 went int o 

series production in 1985 . 

9 000 cpm were produced by the Mo - 

lins Mark 10 in 1936 . 

In 1988 the pace was set for the 1990s 

with the PROTOS 100, which reache d 

the magic 10000 cpm . 

Speed has always fascinated engineers 

and machines running at 12000 

cpm are now undergoing trials ; speed s 

of 15000 cpm are no longer a pip e 

dream . 

The road was long and hard front th e 

inventor Susini's first cigarette ma - 

chine, producing 60 cigarettes a minut e 

in 1867 . Creative genius and intensiv e 

research and development were required 

to build cigarette machines 

which, in terms of precision . perfection 

and maximum efficiency, represen t 

masterpieces of modem technology . 

Much was made possible by Labbe 's 

idea to form the tobacco rod by suction . 

In addition, modern transmission tech - 

nology and electronics have contributed 

to the high speeds . >s 

32 3/92 


German Cigarette 

Manufacturer s 

Profit From Reunification 

by Folker Kling 

In 1991 German cigarette manufacturers produced 201 .6 billio n 

cigarettes, 13 .3 per cent more than in 1990 . Excise stamps for a quantity 

of 146 .7 billion cigarettes were procured for domestic sales, the retai l 

value of which was 31 .1 billion DM. Exports rose by 60 .9 per cent t o 

86.9 billion cigarettes . Imports in 1991 totalled 9 .4 billion pieces (a rise 

of 4.1 per cent) . 

I n 

1991 the German cigarette secto r 

enjoyed a buoyant phase o f 

growth . In the western part of Germany 

manufacturers of proprietary 

brands supplied 120 .046 billion cigarettes 

to the trade . Compared with 199 0 

1114 .896 billion) this represents an in - 

crease of 4 .5 per cent or 5 .15 billio n 

pieces . 

However, with regard to thes e 

figures, it must be borne in mind tha t 

they refer to deliveries effected on th e 

basis of invoicing. This means that th e 

cigarettes were delivered to wholesalers 

and chain-stores and sold in the eastern 

part of Germany but invoiced to th e 

west German head offices of these trading 

companies and booked under wes t 

German deliveries . At a rough estimate , 

this could represent a difference o f 

about 3 .5 billion cigarettes . 

Sales of proprietary brands in east 

Germany were correspondingly low a t 

a figure of 19 .420 billion pieces . 

Direct comparative figures for 1990 

are not available for this market as i t 

was only about mid-1990, when the former 

East German factories were take n 

over by West German concerns, that i t 

was possible for exact sales figures to 

be calculated. On the whole, however, 

there is a wide gulf in the new Federa l 

states between the sales of proprietary 

brands in 1991 and the less than 3 0 

billion annual cigarette consumptio n 

prior to reunification . 

In this connection. the high volume 

® 3192 


of contraband, particularly from Poland 

and Czechoslovakia, estimated at 

between 4 and 6 billion cigarettes . 

gained considerable ground . 

In addition, there occurred a substantial 

drop in stocks in east Germa n 

trading concerns after it was ascertained 

that stocks in 1990 had bee n 

allowed to rise too steeply . 

Sales of proprietary brands of ci g arettes 

in the whole of Germany during 

1991 amounted to a total of 139.466 

billion pieces . In addition there wer e 

5 .954 billion private label cigarettes i n 

western Germany (1990 — 6.504 billion, 

i . e. a drop of 8 .5 per cent) an d 

only about 135 million private label cigarettes 

in the new Federal states 

where, as a result of competition wit h 

the low-price east German brands an d 

contraband cigarettes, suppliers obviously 

did not wish to come in with 

their own brands . 

Consequently, total sales of factory - 

made cigarettes delivered to the German 

trade in 1991 were 145 .535 billio n 

pieces . 

If to this is added a volume of abou t 

15 billion roll-your-own cigarette s 

(sales of fine-cut 14900 tonnes) as wel l 

as 8 .6 billion cigarettes which entere d 

the country within the framework o f 

small-scale border traffic and contra - 

band from abroad, the overall Germa n 

cigarette market amounted to over 16 9 

billion pieces . 

All things considered, there is no 

REPORT S 

Les tabricants allemands de cigarette s 

ont profite de la reunificatio n 

En 1991 . 1es fabricants allemands de cigarettes 

ont praluit environ 201 .6 mds de 

cigarettes. soil une augmentation de 13 .3 

pour cent par rapport 1 1990. Pour les 

cigarettes vendues sur lc marchc domesti - 

que . its ont dis se fournir des banderoles 

pour pros de 146,7 mds de cigarettes (valeur 

de vcnte au detail : 31,1 mds de DM). 

Les exportations ont augmente de 60, 9 

pour cent pour passer a 86,9 mds d'unites . 

En 1991, tes importations se sont montees 

a quclque 9.4 mds de cigarettes (une aug - 

mentation de 4,1 pour cent). 

Fabricantes alemanes de cigarrillos 

ganan con la reunlllcacib n 

En 1991 se produci6 en Alemania cera d e 

201,6 billones de cigarrillos, 13 .3 por cicn• 

to mas que en 1990. Para los 146.7 billones 

de uaidades vendidas en el mercado do - 

mestico arrecad6la industria 31,1 billone s 

de marcos. 86,9 billones de cigarrillos ha n 

sido exportados. 60 .9 por ciento mas que 

en 1990.9,4 billones de unidades han sid e 

imponadas, un ctecimiento de 4.1 po r 

ciento . 

Deutsche Zlgarettenhersteller 

profitlerten von Wlederverelnlgun g 

lm Jahr 1991 wurden von den deu:sche n 

Zigarettenhcrstellern rand 201,6 Mrd . 

Stuck Zggarettcn produzien. 13 .3 Prozent 

mebr als 1990 . Fur die im inland abgesetzten 

ligareten wurden Steuerbanderole n 

flit rand 146,7 Mrd . Stuck (Kleinverkaufs - 

wen : 31 .1 Mrd . DM) bezogen. Die Ausruhrcn 

sticgen um 60,9 Prozent auf 86.9 

Mrd . Stuck. Importiert wurden 1991 rued 

9 .4 Mrd. Zigaretten (plus 4 .1 Prozent). 

I produttorl tedeschl dl sigarette 

traggono glovamento dada 

rluniflcazlone della Germanla 

Nel 1991 i produttori tedeschi di sigarett e 

hanno prodotto circa 201,6 miliardi di cigarette, 

13,3 per cento in pill the eel 1990 . 

Per le sigarette vendute all'interno del 

Paese si sono utilizzate marche da hollo a 

fascette per circa 146,7 miliardi di pezzi 

(valore di vendita at dettaglio 31,1 miliard i 

di marchi). Le esportazioni sono salite de l 

60,9 per cento ed haano raggiunto Is circa 

di 86,9 miliardi di pezzi . Nel 1991 sono 

stati irnportati circa 9,4 miliardi di sigarette 

(+ 4 .1 per cento) . 

Duttse sigarettenfabrikante n 

protiteerden van dultse herenlgin g 

In 1991 werden er door dc Duitse sigarettenfabrikaaten 

circa 201,6 miljard stuk s 

sigaretten geproduceerd, 13,3 procent 

meet dan in 1990 . Poor de in Duitslan d 

zelf verkochte sigaretten werden er belastingbanderollen 

voor circa 146,7 miljard 

stuks (kleinhandelswaarde 31,1 miljar d 

DM) aaneeschalt . De uitvoer steeg me t 

60.9 procent tot 86,9 miljard stuks . Naa r 

Duitsland ingevoerd werden er in 199 1 

ongeveer 9,4 miljard sigareuen (een toe - 

name van 4,1 procent). 

33

REPORT S 

German Cigarette . . . 

doubt that the German cigarette market, 

especially the west German part . 

displayed a healthy increase in 1991 . 

However, one should not conclude 

From this that the existing consume r 

groups have switched to smoking i n 

greater numbers . On the contrary, the 

rise is due, as before, in particular to the 

large number of immigrant forei g ners 

and asylum-seekers an increase o f 

350000) as well as refugees (an increas e 

of 220000) who, in view of their ag e 

structure, and their consumer buying 

habits, contributed to a stronger demand 

for cigarettes . 

With regard to the way in which consumption 

is split up among the different 

price ranges, the trend of the previous 

year was maintained . In west 

Germany there was no change in th e 

demand for cigarettes in the uppe r 

price range at a level of 56 per cent . 

Demand in the popular price range fell 

slightly to just under a 28 per cent shar e 

of the market whilst the lower price 

ranges experienced a distinct rise to al - 

most 16 per cent . The price range for de 

luxe products re gistered a market share 

of just under one per cent . Within the 

individual price ran g es it is possible t o 

observe an ever-growing expansion i n 

the scale of prices. 

Completely different was the situation 

on the eastern German market 

where in 1991 the higher popular price 

range had a share of only 15 per cen t 

and the standard popular price range 

12 per cent . On the other hand, the 

older east German brands and othe r 

low-price brands specially offered fo r 

sale on this market had a share of 73 pe r 

cent. 

In Germany as a whole the picture i s 

as follows : 50 per cent of sales are in the 

higher popular price range, 26 per cen t 

u1 the standard price range and 24 pe r 

cent in the lower price ranges . 

The trend in favour of lighter cigarettes 

underlines the continued rise in the 

market share of filter cigarettes. In the 

case of proprietary brands in west Germany 

the market share in 1991 wa s 

94 .11 per cent (previous year : 93 .56). I n 

Germany as a whole, taking privat e 

label cigarettes into account, the market 

share was 95 .2 per cent . 

Light cigarettes continued to be o n 

the advance in 1991, the nicotine con - 

tent being up to 0 .8 mg and tar conten t 

up to 10 mg . In the case of proprietary 

brands, the market share of light ciga - 

34 


German Cigarette Consumption in 199 1 

Total : 169 .1 billion uai : s 

Industry brands 139 .5 

. Private brands 6 .0 

Manufactured cigarettes 145 .6 

. Border sales 8 .6 

. Fine-cut 1a .9 

Total consumption (in tn ; 169 .1 

Source . PM Chat . TJ I 

20e 

Market Shares of German Cigarett e 

Manufacturers (1981 -1991 ) 

Until 1990 only West Germany, frcrn 1991 unified Gernan y 

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1967 1968 1989 1990 199 1 

Sauce : PM Char, : TJI 

Top-selling Brand s 

Development of consumption in billions and per cen t 

Total German market 1991 / western German market 1990 

Marlboro KS k .1. 11541 ( .4 .5% ) 

MUD= Ughts KS ^3~,1,: «e A, .,.. ; - . .~' . : . ::" * .r• - 1 .377 ( .A3 5%) 

West KS 72 (.15.6% ) 

H8 100 rs.. . . L_'633( .94 .1%) 

West Ught6 1581 (.716%) 

Peter Slryvesant 1411 ( .7 .1%) 

Lucky Strike Filters •" 139C (-78 .8re) 

Gauloises Blondes .., 1305 { .634% ) 

(Without eastern bra-CS( 

3/9 2 

7 8 

- . 

Chart: TJI

Scnce ler & Hoesch NA . In c 

1 2S Berkeley Circle 

S .,mm riville SC 29 4 33 US A 

001 . 803-82 1610 5 

CC , -803 . 2216125` 


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As 

EPDR1 S 

German Cigarette . . . 

:cues in west Germany was 21 .84 pe r 

cent. This a g ain showed a distinct increasecompared 

with the previous yea r 

(20 .99 per cent). 

Within the sector of light cigarettes , 

the ultra-li ghts have now achieved a 

significant role. These include cigaret - 

tes with a maximum of 0 .4 mg nicotine 

and 4 mg of tar. During 1991 in Germany 

as a whole ultra-lights had a mar - 

ket share of : .06 per cent (5 .72 per cen t 

in the west and 0 .30 per cent in the east) . 

Despite the high level of wages in th e 

Federal Republic of Germany, there i s 

no doubt that it is an exceedingly favourable 

production area for the cigarette 

industry . not only in respect of th e 

home market but also, to an increasin g 

extent, for European and extra-European 

export markets . With a prolifi c 

quantity of 201 .596 billion cigarettes 

(provisional figures of the Federal Statistical 

Office), the industry succeede d 

for the first time in eclipsing the 200 

billion mark . Compared with the previous 

year (177 .86 : billion), this constitutes 

a rise of 13.3 per cent . In addition 

to the increased volume on the do - 

mestic market there was also a rise i n 

exports, particularly to Eastern Europe, 

Italy . France and the Middl e 

East . 

Cigarette exports rose to ap e xceptional 

level in 1991 . They went through 

the roof by over 60 .9 per cent to 56 .92 8 

billion pieces at a value of 1 .828 billion 

Scc- aCcece•ai :vaa~ .t(DL7-5-1948,•11235' 

FONOATA 1L 23 GIUGNO 1901 

DM (a rise of 28 .5 per cent) . These hig h 

growth rates were due to two reasons : a 

higher level of exports to the "traditional 

-' importing countries, Franc e 

and Italy, on the one hand, and to eastern 

Europe, and the Middle East o n 

the other hand . 

During 1991 imports of cigarettes di d 

not rise quite so dramatically as es - 

ports. In terms of quantity, imports in - 

creased by 4.1 per cent to 9 .369 billio n 

pieces . In terms of value the rise was 1 . 6 

per cent to 206.8 million DM. The leading 

supplier was, as before, the Nether - 

lands, which shipped 2 .938 billion cigarettes 

(a rise of 3 .1 per cent) at a value of 

45 .3 million DM (a rise of 7 .4 per cent) . 

Belgium and Luxemburg followed almost 

equally with 2 .811 billion pieces ( a 

drop of 0.8 per cent) and a value of 51 . 2 

million DM (a drop of 18 .7 per cent) . 

However, the greatest joy derive d 

from the flourishing German ci g arett e 

market in 1991 must have been that o f 

the German exchequer . The revenu e 

obtained from tobacco duty increase d 

by 15.8 per cent corresponding to a 

total of 18 .825 billion DM . However, a 

considerable proportion of the increas e 

was due to the fact that the tobacco 

duty revenue from the new Federa l 

states in 1991 was fully integrated int o 

this figure whereas in the previous yea r 

this was the case only in the fourth 

quarter . Moreover, during 1991 th e 

price rises in October also resulted in a 

marked increase in the exchequer's in - 

come . 

As a result of the n o o.v complete inte - 

gration of the East German market wit h 

its predominantly low - p rice brands, th e 

average tax burden on a cigarette ros e 

minimally from 12 .5$ to 1 2_ .36 pfennigs . 

Likewise the average selling price of a 

cigarette remained almost constant, th e 

rise bring very slight from 21 .17 to 21 .2 1 

pfennig . 

Philip Morris, still the marke t 

leaders, were able, on the growing Ger - 

man ci garette market, not only distinctly 

to increase their deliveries bu t 

also to expand their share of the marke t 

still further. In the old Federal states 

(West Germany, they achieved sales o f 

41 .597 billion cigarettes, i . e. an in - 

crease of 3 .498 billion or 92 per cen t 

more than in 1990 . As a result of thi s 

renewed aceleration of their rate o f 

growth, with a market share of 32.99 pe r 

cent they exceeded their previous year's 

level by 1 .62 percentage points . And as 

in 1990, it was Marlboro Li g hts whic h 

made the biggest contribution to this 

improvement . 

However, the market's number two , 

the Reerntsma group . also had even' 

reason to be satisfied . It was thanks i n 

particular to the situation in western 

Germany that Reemtsma were able t o 

increase sales by 4.7 per cent to 29 .389 

billion cigarettes . The concern's marke t 

share in the west rose again by 0.2 1 

percentage points to 23 .73 per cent . 

B .A .T., the secto r 's number three i n 

the table, achieved a growth rate i n 

terms of quantity of I per cent as well a s 

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36 3/92 


a higher level of salts totalling 2590 3 

billion cigarettes . Nevertheless. as a result 

of the increased growth of the market 

as a whole, their share of the market 

fell slightly by 0.55 percenta ge points t o 

20 .56 per cent . 

Weaknesses of the company's fla g - 

ship Lord Extra were responsible i n 

particular for the fact that on the west - 

ern German market in 1991 Marti n 

Brinkmann AG sustained a drop i n 

sales of l percent to 11 .252 billion cigarettes 

. Their share of the market fell by 

0 .43 percentage points to 92 per cent . 

R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Gmb H 

slightly increased their deliveries i n 

western Germany by I per cent t o 

I0.00S billion cigarettes. However, 

their share of the market fell by 0.1 7 

percenta g e points to 5 .10 per cent . 

Smaller manufacturers and the sup - 

pliers of private label ci g arettes 

together achieved sales of - .351 billio n 

pieces . 7 .1 per cent fewer than in th e 

previous year. The cheaper private 

label cigarettes alone sustained a drop 

in sales of 550 million pieces to 5 .95 4 

billion (a decrease of 8 .5 per cent) . As a 

result, in 1991 their share of the market 

was 4 .73 per cent (a drop of 0 .63 percentage 

points), distinctly below the 5 

per cent mark . One of the reasons fo r 

this could be the breakneck growth i n 

sales of the comparatively new sector of 

smoking tobacco represented by the socalled 

tobacco rolls which found favour 

in particular with price-consciou s 

consumers . 

If one studies the whole of the German 

market, the rapid progress of 

Philip Morris GmhH is seen to be eve n 

more dramatic . As a result of the precipitous 

increase in sales . particularly 

of the f6 brand, the company reached a 

share of 34 .6 of the entire market . 

Reemtsma, with a market share of 23 .4 

per cent in the new states, did not quit e 

attain the level of its share of the west 

German market. B .A .T.'s share in th e 

eastern states was 19 .3 per cent . Brinkmann, 

thanks to its east German brand i 

Golden American, secured a share of Allred N. Hertz Flavors Gmb H 

9.7 per cent, Reynolds 7 .S per cent an d 

other manufacturers to gether with private 

label cigarettes gained a share o f 

4.5 per cent . 

During 1991, on the whole, only 14 i 

new brands were introduced on th e 

German market . Four of these brands 

emanated from the big suppliers of pro - 

prietary brands of cigarettes, five were 

private label brands and live came from 

smaller suppliers of proprietary 

brands. ■ 

® 3/92 


t f 

lupìik 

01„e 1 

'- r 

Hertz 

Flavors 

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German y 

Phone Hamburg (0 40) 7 22 3151/ 5 2 

Telex 217 865 hertz d 

Telefax Hamburg (0 40) 7 22 25 6 9 

Cables Herzbrand Hamburg Tobacco Flavors and more . 

37

RIPORTS 

Perspectives de I'bconomie tabacol e 

espapnoie 

Scion des analvstes apparecant a 

differences institutions. le ncmbre d e 

meats devrait augmenter 

its milie u 

des armies 90, entrainant ainsi are hau,s e 

de la consommation de cigarettes . E n 

consequence de la hausse des impots et cc s 

prix a laquelic on s'attend . as teaer. .: s 

realises par Is sonic des produits du ta`_ c 

devraient croitre de (aeon sur; roport!ca - 

nelte. Tabacalera await de tonnes pc's - 

pecti'es. On s'attend . au court de to dee - 

xicme moitie de cette decenr.ic. a un ie.cr 

recul de la consummation de cgareces . 

Perspectivas de la economia 

tabacalera espat ola 

Los ana!istas de diferentes estitucione s 

cretin que hasta mediados de los antis % va 

a aumentar el numero de los fumadore s 

Por esto. el consumo de cigarniios crecera 

tambien . Dada que se espera ua aurae:no 

tanto de los impuestos como de ids prec r, , 

las saemas de articutos tabacaieres van a 

crecer mss que proporcionalntcnte. Las 

perspectivas de Tabacalera, son buenas. 

scatin los analistas. Para la se_ :.nda mitad 

de cue decenio se espera un teve receso en 

el consumo de :os crgarrillos . 

Perspelttiven der spanische n 

Tabaltwirtschatt 

Analvsten verschiedener Institutione n 

rechnen damit, da0 die Zahl der Rauc e r 

his Mitte der 90er Jahre stcigt . Der ZiFarettenkonsum 

werde deshalb zunehmen . 

Wcgen zu erwartender Steuer- and Preis - 

erhdbunaen wurden die Ums .ttze bei Ta - 

bakwaren dberproportional wachsen . Di e 

Perspektiven ftir Tabacalera seien gut. I n 

der awaken Halite dieses Jah :zehnts tech - 

net man mit einem leichten Konsumroci - 

gang bei Zigarctten . 

Prospettive deit'economia spagnoia 

delfabaceo 

Ott analizzatori di diverse istituzioni pre - 

vedono the lino all meta degli anni 90 i t 

numero dei fumatori aumentera. Grace Os 

penanto it consumo Belle sigarene. A caw 

sa dei prevedibili aumenti dellc imposte e 

dei prezzi, le venditc dei manuf_ttt di ta - 

bacco subiranno un Met-memo spropor - 

zionale . Le prospettive per Tabacaler a 

sembraao essere boon. Nella second s 

meta del presence decennio si p:evede un a 

leggera dtmiouzione dcl consumo di s f garett 

e 

Vooruitzichten voor het Spaans e 

tabaksbedriltsleve n 

Analytici van verschillende institute r 

houden rekening met het feit . dat het aan - 

tal rokers tot het midden van de jaren 9 0 

zal stijgen . Dc consurnptie vari sigarette a 

zal daarom toenemer.. Vanwege de to ver - 

wachten belastingen prijssethoginge n 

zou de omzet van tabaksproducten mee t 

dan notmaat kunnen stijgen . De voontit - 

zichten voorTabacalera illken geed . In d e 

twccde hetft an di( decennium houd t 

men rekening met geringe dahag in d e 

consumptie van sigaretten . 

38 


Prospects for the Spanis h 

Tobacco Econom y 

by Dr Walter Frielingsdorf 

Analysts ofvarious institutions expect the number of smokers in Spai n 

to rise by the middle of the 1990s . It is considered that . as a result, there 

will also be an increase in cigarette consumption. even if only slight . 

Due to tax and price rises anticipated . turnover of tobacco products tti-ii l 

probably increase by a disproportionally lar g e extent . Prospects for th e 

national tobacco concern Tabacalera are considered favourable but a 

sli g ht drop in cigarette consumption in the second half of the decade i s 

expected . 

I n 

1992 sales of ci garettes in Spai n 

rose by 3 .1 per cent to 4223 millio n 

packets compared with 1990 . Ligh t 

cigarettes increased by 8.7 per cent t o 

2503 packs, whilst dark cigarettes fel l 

by 4 .2 per cent to 1 720 million packs . 

On the other hand, cigars in 1991 re - 

corded a drop of 0 .5 per cent to 725 . 5 

million pieces . 

In 1980 sales of cigarettes stood a t 

3500 million packs and by 1991 they 

had reached 4223 million, this in spit e 

of the anti-tobacco campai g n whic h 

had started in the meantime . It is als o 

worthy of note that the considerabl e 

rise in the sale of light cigarettes. 

together%ith the further decline in dar k 

brands, was a contributory factor to th e 

increase in cigarette consumption i n 

terms of value . 

According to data published by th e 

National Statistical Institute of Spain , 

the number of Spanish smokers over 1 5 

during the period from 1980 to 199 0 

increased from 1 1 170000 to 11678 01)0 . 

As there was a slight drop in the numbe r 

of male smokers, this indicates that 

there has been a considerable overal l 

rise in the number of female smokers . 

:whereas in 1978 the proportion of female 

smokers was about 21 percent, fo r 

1990 it has been put at 31 per cent . 

In the February 1992 issue of " Actualidad 

Tabaquera", the journal of th e 

Spanish tobacco industry, an articl e 

was published entitled "El negocio de l 

tabaco crecera hasta 1995" (The tobacco 

business will grow until 1995) . 

This article dealt with the prospects for 

the Spanish tobacco economy, it base d 

its findin g s on data published by Tabacalera 

S .A ., the National Statistical Institute 

and in particular on a study con - 

ducted by the company "Asesore s 

Bursatiles" (Stock Exchange Consultants). 

It assumed that in Spain the numbe r 

of smokers would gross to 12 009 000 b y 

1996. Accordin g to estimates b y 

Asesores Bursatiles . in the first half of 

the present decade Tabacalera's turnover 

would increase in quantity by 0. 2 

per cent (note : this is an unlikely low 

level of growth over a period of fir e 

years, particularly in view of the fact 

that in 1991 alone the increase had bee n 

3 .1 per cent) . The article also stated tha t 

prices (net of tax) would rise by 2 .6 per 

cent and that there would be an averag e 

price rise of 2 .2 per cent as a result of 

dark cigarettes being superseded by 

li ght which were two or three time s 

dearer . 

The experts also estimated that between 

1991 and 1996 tobacco goods turnover 

would increase by an average of 5 

per cent. They base their calculation s 

on the further rise in the number o f 

female smokers, the stricter control fo r 

tobacco smuggling and the fact tha t 

prices had increased to a greater exten t 

than taxes, thus compensating for th e 

adverse effects of the anti-smokin g 

campaigns . tax increases and the restrictions 

on advertising . 

Nevertheless. re g ardin g the secon d 

half of the decade, "Asesores 

Bursatiles-' expect a decline in tobacco ► 

3/92

TRANS CONTINENTAL-LEAF TOBACCO CORPORATIO N 

• ~~ 'Aeulestr . 38, P .O. Box 583, FL-9490 Vaduz, Furstentum Liechtenstein, Tel . 65555, Telex 889277 


REPORTS 

Prospects for . . . 

consumption of 0 .8 per cent a year, basing 

their calculations on a prospectiv e 

drop in the number of potential smokers 

from 12 008 000 to 11519000 . 

Asesores Bursatiles" do not foresee an y 

dangers for the future of Tabacaler a 

which might ensue as a result of price 

increase due to the adjustment of taxe s 

to the European single market, a re - 

structuring of the tobacco monopol y 

and/or agreements and productio n 

licences with multi-national concerns . 

Experts who are members of"Inverban" 

securities and stock exchang e 

concern (Sociedad de Valores y Bolsa ) 

predict favourable prospects for Tabacalera 

. However, they believe that thi s 

monopoly institution will record a 

lower growth rate in turnover durin g 

the coming years as far as tobacco pro - 

ducts are concerned . One reason for 

this is seen by them in the planned advertising 

ban by the EC . On the othe r 

hand, Tabacalera's revenue is expected 

to increase as a result of the rise i n 

special taxes . 

The economic and financial journal 

"Cinco Dias" commented that Tabacalera 

was one of those market performers 

who surprised Spaniards an d 

foreigners by its upward movements . 

Important analysis concerns were recommending 

a sell-off of the company's 

40 

Number of Smoker s 

Mal e 

Femal e 

Cigarette Productio n 

199 0 

1991 

Cigarette Export s 

199 0 

199 1 

Cigarette import s 

199 0 

199 1 

Top Five Brand s 

Manufacturers in Spai n 

Taxation 

shares whereas the market was aimin g 

at precisely the contrary . Nobody kne w 

whose lances would be broken for these 

concrete shares. In this connection on e 

analyst referred to the "daily miracle of 

Tabacalera's market quotation ." How - 

The Spanish Cigarette Marke t 

9 200 00 0 

67 .2 % 

32 .8 % 

82500 million pieces 


725 million piece s 




Oucacos BluelTabacaler a 

Fortuna Red ITabacaler a 

Marlboro F I Philip Morns 

Winston ITabacaler a 

Lucky Strike /Tabacaler a 

Tabacaler a 

Philip Morri s 

VAT 11 .94 % 

Excise Tax 42.00 % 

Specific Excise 

(per 1000cig .) 150 peseta s 

Approx Trade Margin 9 % 

Tax Incidence 59 % 

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ever, it was also assumed that behind 

the rise in the share quotations was con - 

cealed an obvious purchase eventuality 

by multi-national interested parties but 

involving a small rather than a larg e 

purchase order . ■ 

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3/92


L'adoptlon des normes 

communautalres d'emballage est Imminent 

e 

Le trainer= projet concernant lea norme s 

communautaires d'emballage a etc 

presence en mars 1992 . Celle version, vraisemblabtement 

definitive, sera soumis e 

par la Commission europeenne au Park - 

meat et au Conseil des Ministres de la CE . 

Ces derniers tvalueront les directives et 

donneront lcurs propres commentaires . 

Les directives dtfinirives seront probable - 

meat publiees en Juin ou Juillet 1992 e t 

entreront en vigueur au milieu de l'annte 

1997 ou scion le cgs en 2002 . 

La publicaclbn de as Normal 

Comunitarlas aorta del embalale sobrante 

as Iminente 

El tercet esbozo de Ias Normas Comuniurias 

del embalaje sobrante fue compleudo 

en marzo de 1992 . Esta version final serf 

sometida at Parlamento Europeo y at Consejo 

de Ministros por Is Comisibn de l a 

CE . Los grupos de trabajo evaluar*n di - 

chat normas baciendo sus propios comeatarios. 

La publication de Ias normas defi - 

nitivas se espera pan junio ojulio de 1992, 

su realization para mediados de 1997 y 

mediation de 2002. 

Verabschledung der ES-Verpackungsverordeunp 

stets unmittelbar betto r 

Der dritte Entwurf der EG-Verpackungs-verordnung 

wurde im MSrz 1992 vorgestellt. 

Dime vermutlich endgtlltige Version 

wird dann von der Kommission demo 

Europaparlament and dent EG-Ministerrat 

vorpele5t. Diem Stollen werden die Di - 

rektive bewenen and ihre eigenen Kont - 

mentare abgeben . Die engOltige Direktiv e 

wird wahrscheiolich in Juni odor Juli 1992 

ver0ffentlicht and Mitte 1997 bzw. Mitt e 

2002 zur Durchfuhrung kommen. 

Yarn del regolamento per Is confezloo l 

CEE Imminence 

La terza bona del regolamento per lecoafezioni 

CEE t stata presentata net marzo 

1992. Quests versione — probabilmente 

quella definitiva — verrapoi premium 

dalla Commissione a1 Parlamento Europeo 

a al Consiglio dci Ministri delta CEE . 

Questi Offici competenti valuteranno le 

direttivr e torniranoo tl proprio commento 

in mated*. La direttive e forniranno it 

propria commento in materia. La direttiva 

finale verra rem pubblim probabilmente 

nel gi ugno o luglio 1992 a applicata 

Ira Is meta del 1997 a la met* del 2002 . 

Aan name van wet op verpakkfupsvoorschritten 

In de ES komt In zacht 

Het derde ontwerp van de verpakkingsvoorschriften 

in de EG werd in mean 

1992 voorgestelt. Deze vermoedelijk uiteindclijke 

versie word daarna door d e 

commiuie aan het Europese parlament e n 

de EG-ministerraad voorgelegd . Deze instantics 

zullen de richtlijnen waarderen an 

daar bij hurl eigen open aanmerkinge n 

voegen. De uiteindehlke ricbtlijnen motden 

waarschijnlijk in juni of juli 1992 gepubliceerd 

en de invoering daarvan volg t 

in het midden van de jarea 1997 resp . 

2002 . 

Issue of EC Packaging 

Waste Directive Imminent 

by Dr Eric Johnson 

The third draft ache EC Packaging Waste Directive was completed i n 

March 1992 . It is the final version submitted by the Commission to th e 

European Parliament and the Council of Ministers . These groups wil l 

evaluate the Directive and make their own comments . The fina l 

Directive is expected to be issued in June or July 1992 wit h 

implementation set for mid-1997 and mid-2002 . 

The year 1991 will go down in history 

as the year in which attitudes 

to used packaging in th e 

EC changed premanently. No longer 

can a company involved in the production 

or use of packaging think In term s 

of the customer buying a product an d 

throwing the packagin g away. Th e 

agenda is clearly set that used packaging 

must be re-used and that the prim e 

responsibility for the re-use lies with 

the supplier of the goods. 

Governmental and consumer pressures 

against the perception of growin g 

mountains of used packaging increased 

in Northern Europe towards the end o f 

the 1980s . In Germany . Dr Klau s 

Tbpfer, the Minister of the Environment, 

was able to capitalise on thes e 

pressures by introducing a new regulation 

covering the disposal of used pack - 

aging . The regulation basically require s 

that all used packaging should be re - 

turned to source. 

The first category defined by th e 

regulation is the packaging used for 

transport of goods from supplier to customer 

. This part of the law, which cam e 

into force on I December 1991, applies 

essentially to industrial packaging . Th e 

supplier of the goods is obliged to receive 

back the packaging. or to mak e 

some other acceptable arrangement for 

its re-use . 

Taking Mobil Plastics as an example, 

in the case of' the packa ging used t o 

supply films, many customers re-us e 

elements of the packaging themselves, 

or pool systems such as Europallets ar e 

employed . Otherwise, for those customers 

specifically requesting it, Mobil 

takes back specific re-usable element s 

of their packaging, such as end plates 

and top boards . The generic materials 

used, such as stretch film and carto n 

board, enter the group collectio n 

schemes provided by the industrie s 

producing the materials . 

Mobil has been instrumental in th e 

creation of an independent company t o 

organise the recovery of stretch film i n 

Germany. The F.A .F was founded i n 

October 1991 by 24 companies involve d 

in the stretch film industry and covers 

98 per cent of the film removed from 

pallets in Germany . This company wil l 

organise the recycling of stretch fil m 

separated from German waste recuperation 

. 

The second category of the Germa n 

regulation is overwrapping for presentation, 

security or collation . This category 

covers supplementary wrap - 

pings not normally in direct contact 

with the product . The regulation re - 

quires this type of packaging to b e 

removed at the point of sale, unless th e 

customer opts to take it home . In fact, 

the majority of packaging in this category 

will probably be taken home an d 

will then be treated as sale packaging . 

This section of the regulation came into 

force on 1 April 1992 . 

The final and probably most significant 

category of the regulation is th e 

packaging of the product itself. The 

basic demand is that the empty packs 

should be returned to source after use . 

coming into effect progressively from I 

January 1993 . Collection is carried out 

by the Dual System, a privately organised 

collection and separation sett- ► 

42 3/92 Eal 


,f

Five hundred years ago, Christopher Columbus 

went looking for the world's finest spices . 

What he discovered, instead; was America–the 

land of the world's finest tobaccos . 

Since the frontier of the New World were opened, 

people in many- lands have discovered the supero r 

~T~ 

taste. flavor and arorna of American fluettaed 

tobacco. In fact, this uniquely satisfying tobacco is a 

pr:me ingredient of best-selling cigarettes in countries 

everywhere . 

American grown flue

REPORT S 

Issue of . . . 

vice from homes and containers fo r 

used household packaging . It is organised 

by an idependent compan y 

called Duales System Deutschlan d 

(DSD) and is financed by a system o f 

Green Points on consumer goods ' 

packaging (see TJI 4/91). DSD is responsible 

for the organisation and implementation 

of collection and separation 

but not recycling . This is the responsiblility 

of the packaging producers. 

The administration of the whol e 

Green Points scheme is complicated . 

bureaucratic and very expensive . 

As with most pioneering systems , 

there are many areas where the Germa n 

scheme is less than perfect . The very 

high costs are causing much debate i n 

Germany with the different sectors 

squabblin g user the allocation of cost s 

and funds . The non-allowance of energy 

recovery is a serious defect of the 

regulation whch is already leading t o 

the generation of large quantities ofmixed, 

contaminated low-grade scrap . 

Since stringent time and quantity limits 

are established,there is little flexibilit y 

in the system to allow it to operate mor e 

smoothly . In addition, there is no obligation 

on the consumer to participate . 

It is clearly very difficult for industry 

and commerce to meet tar g ets for materials 

which they do not possess and 

for which the processor has no obligation 

. 

Overall, however, the German regulation 

is a major step forward. I n 

refined form, it has already become th e 

model for other countries and for th e 

European Commission. Whilst ther e 

can be little doubt that a period of pilo t 

studies followed by reconsideration be - 

fore expansion would have been very 

useful, this does not appear to be th e 

thinking in Germany, which is intent o n 

blazing a trail in this area. 

Conscious of the developments i n 

Germany, early in 1991 the French 

Minister of the Environment, Brice Lalonde, 

asked a committee from industr y 

and from French local government t o 

propose a scheme for the recuperatio n 

of used packaging for France . Th e 

French plan, unveiled in July 1992, i s 

similar to the German scheme in broa d 

principle . but with a number of import - 

ant differences . The prime concept o f 

"re-valorization" is put forward , 

meaning the re-use of resources i n 

packaging by the best possible means - 

both economically and environmen - 

EC Packaging Waste Directive 

Draft 2 Issued 30 . 

Industry Review :5 :1 5' 

Memoer State Review 1 ? 

Draft 3 Issued March 92 

Review by CouncJOt M-r zs sand __- :="=_n o at ,are_ 

Directive to be Issued July 1992 

tally. France then foresees ener g y recovery 

as having a major role to play i n 

the recovery of used packagin g , especially 

plastics and papers . The othe r 

main differences are : the points will b e 

blue, all waste handling (including separation) 

will remain a public authorit y 

responsiblity, clean incineration wil l 

provide the basic cost to be borne by 

public authorities, revalorisation of 

per cent by the year 2000 . 

The French plan is currently passin g 

through the legislative process and wil l 

become law in 1992 . Overall, it is very 

much more realistic than the rigid German 

regulation and is being supporte d 

by industry and several of the EC mem - 

ber state governments as a more suit - 

able model for Europe. 

The Dutch government and Dutc h 

industry and commerce have signed a 

covenant or voluntary agreemen t 

whereby all packaging waste will he 

eliminated from landfilting or incineration 

without energy recvovery by th e 

year 2000 . 

It is planned to achieve 60 per cen t 

material recycling of used packagin g 

and 40 per cent energy recover. 

together with a reduction in overal l 

usage of packaging by IO per cent . Pilo( 

schemes have been initiated in Bread a 

and Lemsterland to run for two years . 

These schemes will generate the basi c 

data on which a realistic plan can b e 

developed for the rest of the country . 

An orange point is now being discussed 

. 

Because of the perceived need to ac t 

and because of the disharmonisatio n 

created by individual country laws, th e 

European Commission (DG XI ) 

worked during most of 1991 on a draf t 

Directive to deal with packa g ing waste . 

Again, the principle of the Directive i s 

the recovery of used packaging . Th e 

third and probably final draft Directs'- - 

was issued in March 1992 . It foresees s 9 

per cent material recycling within 6i? 

per cent recovery within 5 years afte r 

the Directive has been issued, and 61) 

per cent recycling within 90 per cen t 

recovery after 10 years of all packaging 

Third and Final EC Draft 

Directive on Packaging Waste 

March 199 2 

I Includes all packaging : 

crirra :y secondary .'eriiary 

commercial domesti c 

5 years after Issue : 

AC : : material recyclirg witnir, 6'0 Ss 

re, _ .r y 

10 years after issue : 

50 i s material recyclieg within 50 e 

won'. 5 7 

A maximum 30 'S energy recovery 

I A standstill on used packaging waste 

produce d 

Member States requested to submit 

plans to meet criteria of harmonisatio n 

— primary, secondary and tertiary i n 

an industrial, commercial, and domestic 

context . A maximum of 30 per cen t 

energy recovery is allowed within these 

limits . A standstill on used packagin g 

waste produced is required and Member 

States are requested to submit plan s 

to meet the criteria of harmonisation . 

The future is clearly delineated, th e 

progressive recovery and re-use of used 

packaging across the whole of Europe . 

In Germany the first steps along th e 

learning curve have already been taken . 

For the moment there is probably 

undue focus on material recycling . Experience 

and the correct eco-balanc e 

analyses will lead eventually to the 

right combination of refilling, recyclin 

g . composting and energy recovery . 

Moses to eliminate extra layers o f 

packaging are expected where they are 

unnecessary as are moves to more easily 

recycled structures . Waste minimisation 

will feature at all levels . 

In all of this activity one should no t 

lase sight of the reasons for packaging 

— protection and presentation, no r 

should one follow blindly the dictate s 

of fashion . Today material recycling is 

still considered almost a white hope fo r 

the future, but there are many circumstances 

where it is neither economicall y 

nor errironmentally favourable. f 

44 3/92 



REPOR1S 

"Hf publlque du Tabac" en Ambriqu e 

Win e 

Depuis le debut de Fannie 1992 . le nombre 

des republiques latino-amer :caiaes es t 

passe de 36 a 37 . II i agit dune rcpubliqu c 

hypothetique, imaginaire mais quan d 

meme reelle . Elie Porte le nom de "Repu - 

blique du Tabac' . Elie rut inauguree lets 

dune conference du 4 au 6 novembre 199 1 

par des representants de route l'industri e 

tabacole de I'Amcrique !aline. clans le cen - 

tre de tourisme argentin San Carlos c c 

Bariloche. situe au pied des Andes du sad . 

"ilepOblica Tabacalera" de 

latlnoamtric a 

Desde principios del ano 1992, las t6 

republicas latinoamericanas han crecid , 

en una mss : Se data de una repitblica 

hipotetica e imaginaria pero. a pesar d e 

todo, muy teal . Se llama' Republica Taba - 

calera". Fue crude en el ccr.trode turisme 

argentine San Carlos de Bariloche. situado 

en el sur, al pie de los Andes, con oca - 

sion de una conferencia del 4 al 6 de noviembre 

de 1991 pot representantes d e 

Coda Is industriatabactlera latinoamerica - 

na . 

"Tabak-Republlk" Latelnamerika 

Seit deal Beginn des lahres 1992 hat sich 

die Zahl 'der 36 lateinamerikanischen Republiken 

urn eine vermehrt . Es handel t 

sick urn tine hypothetische, imaginir e 

and trotzdem sehr reale Republik. Si e 

nennt sick ,Tabak-Republik" . Sic mad e 

in deal argentinischeo Fremdenverkehrs - 

zents-urn San Carlos de Bariloche am Fu g 

der Sddanden bei electTagung (vom 4 .- 6 

November 1991) von Vertretern der gge - 

samten lateinamerikanischen Tabakindc - 

strie aus der Taufe geboben . 

"Bepubblica del tabacco " 

sudamerikan a 

Dall'inizio dell'anno 1992, it numerodel! e 

36 repubbliche sudamericane a aumentato 

di un'unTrattasi di una repubblica ipotetica, 

immaginaria e ciononostante molt , 

reale. Essa b denominata "Repubblica de ! 

tabacco" ed a scat fondata ad centro ar - 

gentino del turismo San Carlos de Bariloche. 

ai piedi delle Ande meridionali. d a 

rappresentanti dell'intera industria sudamericanadel 

tabacco, detente una sedut a 

svoltasi dal 4 al 6 oovembre 1991 . 

"Tabaksrepubllek" Latljns Amertka 

Sinds het begin van 1992 is het aantal va n 

36 Latijnsamerikaanse republieken me t 

ten vermeerderd. Het gnat ore ten hypothetische, 

imaginaire en desondanks zee r 

reek republiek. Zij noemt zich'7abaksrepublie 

k " . Zij werd in het Argentijnsc tce - 

ristencentrum San Carlos de Bariloche 

aan de voct van het zuidetijke Andesgr - 

bergte ten doop gehouden bij ten congre s 

van vertegenwoordigers van do gezamen - 

lijke tabaksvertegenwoordiaers . Dit ducrde 

van 4 tot 6 november 1991 . 

A Tobacco Republic i n 

Latin America 

by Dr Alphonse Max 

Since the beginning of 1992 the number of Latin American republic s 

has increased from 36 to 37 . The new hypothetical republic is called th e 

"Republica del Tabaco" (Tobacco Republic) . It was inaugurated in th e 

Argentinian tourist centre of San Carlos de Bariloche at the foot of th e 

Southern Andes during a conference in November 1991 of 

representatives of the entire Latin American tobacco industry . 

T he 

establishment of the Tobacc o 

Republic, whose capital is Sa n 

Carlos de Bariloche, and whic h 

has its own flag with a tobacco leaf a s 

emblem, was of course not an act under 

constitutional law, as in the case of th e 

voluntary dissolution of the Sovie t 

Union . It is a publicity gimmick whic h 

is intended in a very clever and effectiv e 

manner to draw public attention to the 

serious problems of this Latin American 

branch of industry . 

Latin America is more of a geographically 

cultural concept than a political 

reality with which the world public 

is engrossed to a particularly intensive 

degree in this year which marks th e 

500th anniversary of the discovery o f 

this region by Columbus . 

Uncertain Independenc e 

For Many 

These days the Organisation of American 

States (OAS) is the official representative 

body of Latin America . Th e 

core of this area consists of the ten 

traditional countries of South Americ a 

which liberated themselves from th e 

Spanish and Portuguese motherland s 

at the beginning of the last century . 

Then there are the 25 smaller states , 

most of which are situated on islands i n 

the Caribbean . The majority were no t 

decolonised until after the Secon d 

World \Var, achieving a kind of independence 

which even today, for th e 

most part, remains questionable. Othe r 

countries belonging to OAS are Mexico 

in the north of tie American continent 

as well as the United States and, recently, 

also Canada . 

The Pan American Union wa s 

founded in 1910 and in 1943 it becam e 

the secretariat of the OAS . The practical 

insignificance of this organisatio n 

must be attributed to its top-heavines s 

owing to the membership of the Unite d 

States as the leading power with its political 

and economic strength. None o f 

the other member states had any wish t o 

become unpopular with its citizens by 

being labelled a "lackey of Yankee imperialism", 

according to the catch - 

phrase which was current during th e 

period of the Cold War. It was prefer - 

able to draw attention to the practica l 

inability of the OAS to take any action 

in the political and economic sphere . 

Only in this way is it possible to find a n 

explanation for the communist despotic 

repression in Cuba over the pas t 

30 years, which is still in existence an d 

has thus outlived its Russian founders . 

A Common Market 

Of the South 

The obvious inability of the OAS t o 

take any action led to the emergence o f 

various other regional organisations i n 

Latin America . A start was made, with 

panty considerable success, by th e 

countries of Central America . Plans ar e 

now afoot to create the so-called bod y 

known as MERCOSUR (the Commo n 

market of the south, comprising Argentina 

. Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) . 

And now there is also a Tobacco Republic. 

albeit only for the purpose of ► 

46 3/92 Ull 



REPORT S 

A Tobacco . . , 

advertisin g and pubiicity . This new Re - 

public consists of the 25 tobacco-growing 

countries of Latin America, which . 

in alphabetical order.are the following : 

Argentina . Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil , 

Chile, Colombia . Costa Rica, Cuba, th e 

Dominican Republic . El Salvador. Guatemala 

. Guyana . Haiti, Honduras. Jamaica, 

Mexico . Nicaragua. Panama . 

Paraguay . Peru . Surinam . Trinidad, To . 

bago, Uruguay and Venezuela. 

Among the indisidual firms rep - 

resented are Chile Tobacos, Souz a 

Cruz and Abif unto t Brazil' . Abdul Her . 

manos, Monte Paz S.A . and AFIT y C . 

(Uruguay). Nobleza Piccardo and Massalina 

Particulares (Argentina) as wel l 

as the multinational concerns Phili p 

Morris International and British 

American Tobacco Company. 

Tobacco a Great 

Employe r 

The forty economic and publicity experts 

of the Latin American tobacco 

industry had got together in Argentina's 

delightful alpine resort in orde r 

to prepare some amazing statistics fo r 

their imaginary Tobacco Republic . 

The population of their test-tube re - 

public totals 8 .1 million people . Ther e 

is no unemployment as these 8 .1 million 

are those Latin Americans who , 

directly or indirectly, earn their livin g 

from the tobacco industry in their region 

. 

The area in which they live and cultivate 

their crops is only 4730 square 

kilometres. They raise a gross nationa l 

product of 12 389 million dollars, whic h 

is more than that of Uruguay and Paraguay 

together. They pay annual taxe s 

amounting to 6773 million dollars and 

export goods with a value of 970 mil - 

lion dollars per annum, which is more 

than that for the whole of Paraguay . 

This tax yield of the Tobacco Republi c 

exceeds all the loans granted by th e 

World Bank and amounts to almos t 

four times the loans of the International 

Development Bank . It is also five times 

more than the entire 1991 budget of th e 

World Health Organisation, which 

gives the tobacco industry so much 

cause for concern . It is therefore no t 

surprising that the WHO was the subject 

of attack at the Bariloche conference. 

L' was accused of sssallowing 

three-quarters of its bud get with an 

The Tobacco Republi c 

Consists of 25 tobacco-growin g 

countries in Latin Americ a 

overblown administrative organisation 

The focus of attention at the conference 

was the address given by the 

president of the Argentine Chamber o f 

the Tobacco Industry (CIT), Dr Jorge 

Vives, who is also the head of one of the 

leading companies of the Argentine tobacco 

industry, Massalin Particulare s 

S .A . He devoted his basic remarks t o 

the economic and social importance of 

the tobacco sector in Latin Americ a 

based on figures from 1990 :91 . Thi s 

utilises only 0 .32 per cent of the cultiv - 

able area in the region (474000 hectares) 

. Nevertheless, it contributes 5 . 3 

per cent of the total state revenue and 

10 per cent of the trade surpluses . Dr 

Vises concluded his address by pointing 

out that the conference had taken 

place within the framework of a hypothetical 

state, in other words a youn g 

Tobacco Republic . in order to draw attention 

to the size and economic importance 

of the culticc anon and process - 

ing of tobacco for Lena America . 

The object of the exercise had bee n 

achieved . Latin America's young To. 

bacco Republic, which was fi g htin g 

a g ainst its discrimiretion (advertisin g 

bans, administratis chicanery . exorbitant 

taxation, etc) and struggling for it s 

general recognition had come a grea t 

distance nearer its vie : as a result of the 

conference in Barileche . It was therefore 

going into 199: isah new hope . ■ 

48 3 ;92 


s 

Exhibition and Conferenc e 

in Raleigh 

TJI Report 

Tobacco International, the New York-based tobacco magazine, and th e 

Tobacco Merchants' Association of the US (TMA) have joined forces 

to organize the 4th Tobacco International Exhibition and Conferenc e 

in Raleigh, North Carolina from 2 to 4 June 1992 . Some ei g hty 

exhibitors will be participating in the event, which is to be held at the 

Raleigh Civic and Convention centre . The three-day conference ends 

with the annual meeting of the TMA . 

A lthou 

gh not exhibitors at th e 

Raleigh event, the major machinery 

suppliers are acting as 

joint sponsors for the final night reception 

and gala and it is hoped that thei r 

general presence will attract many visitors 

. An interesting addition to the exhibition 

will be the Tobacco Farm Life 

Museum stand where professors fro m 

North Carolina State University will b e 

present to discuss tobacco and extension 

subjects . 

The theme of the conference is "Tobacco 

to the Year 2000" . A highlight o f 

the conference will be a seminar o n 

conducting business in China . Tobacc o 

International and the TMA have invited 

execuri•.es from the Chinese tobaccoindustrto 

participate in the con - 

ference to explain the current state of 

the business and answer any questions 

delegates may hale . 

Plenty of social events have been arranged. 

On 1 June a flag ceremony wil l 

be held to honour all attending countries. 

This will be followed by a cocktai l 

reception hosted by Kimberly-Clark , 

Papeteries de slauduit, Papeteries d e 

Malaucbne and LTR . Tuesday evenin g 

is given to various company reception s 

in hospitality suites at the Radisso n 

Plaza hotel . A champagne receptio n 

will be hosted by Tobacco International 

and the TMA on Wednesda y 

evening and the machinery manufacturers 

host the final night gathering at 

the Capital City Club . 

Tobacco Journal International looks 

forward to discussing new developments 

with contacts old and new durin g 

the course of the event . We do not hav e 

a stand but we shall be visiting all exhibitors 

and covering the conferenc e 

for our readers . ■ 

EIEN! S 

Exposition et conference a Raleig h 

Tobacco International . la revue tabacole 

publiec i New York . et la Tobacco Merchants' 

Association des Etats-Unis ITMA 1 

se sent reunics pour organiser du 2 au 4 

juin 1992. d Raleigh (Caroline du Nord) , 

la -*me Exposition et Conference Intcrna - 

tionales du Tahac. Quelque FO eaposani s 

participeront a ceue exposition qui aura 

lieu au "Raleigh Civic and Conentie n 

Centr e " . La conference sera clhturee par Ic 

meeting anruel de to TMA . 

Exposicien y conferencia en Raleig h 

Tobacco international, la revive tabacate - 

ra publicada en Nueva York, y la Tobacc o 

Slerchant s -Association de Estados Unidos 

(Tts1A). van a unit sus esfuerzos pare or - 

ganizar del 2 al 4 de junio de 1992 e n 

Raleigh. Carolina del None. la 4. E .xposi - 

cion y Conferencia lnternatiunales de Ta - 

baco. Van a participar anus ochenta expo - 

shores. Los actos van a celebrarse en e l 

Raleigh Civic and Convention Centre. La 

conferencia concluira con Is asamble a 

anual de la TMA . 

Ausstellung and Konferenz in Raleigh 

Tobacco International. das in New York 

herausgegebene Tabakmagazin, and di e 

Tobacco Merchants' Association der Ver - 

einigten Staeten (TMA) werden corn 2 . bi s 

4. Juni 1992 gemeinsam die 4 . lnternatio 

nele Tabakausstellung and -Konferenz i n 

Raleigh, Nordkarolina- veranstalten . Cngef5hr 

achtzig Aussteller werden dara n 

teilnehrncn . Veranstahungson wird da s 

Raleigh Civic and Con vention Centre 

sein . Die Konferenz wird mit dem Jahics - 

treffen der TMA schlieOen . 

Esposizlone e conferenza a Raleig h 

Tobacco International, la rivistasul tabacco 

pubblicata a Nuova York, a la Tobacc o 

Merchants' Association degli Stati Unit i 

(TMA) organizzeranno dal 2 at 4 giugn o 

1992 la 4 . esposizione internazionalc de l 

tobacco e In conferenza sul tobacco nell a 

chid di Raleigh, Carolina del Nord . Presenzieranno 

circa ottanta espositori . L a 

manifestazione si svolgcri at Raleigh Ci - 

vic a Convention Centre. La conferenza, 

delta durata di ire giorni, si concluder d 

con l incontro annuale delta TMA . 

Tentoonstelling en conferentle in 

Raleigh 

Tobacco International. het in New Yor k 

uitgegeven tabaksmagazine, en de Tobacco 

Merchants' Association van de Verenigde 

Staten (IMA) zullen van 2 tot 4 

juni 1992 gezamenlijk de 4e internationa - 

le tabakstenloonstelling en tabaksconferentic 

in Raleigh, North-Carolina . organi - 

seren. Ongeceer tachtig exposanten zulle n 

er aim deelnemen . Pleats van de tentoon - 

sielling zal het Raleigh Civic and Conven - 

tion Centre zijn. De driedaagsc confcrcn - 

t ie rat sluiten met de jaarsergadering va n 

de TAI .\ 

® 3/92 49 


EVENTS 

ABB 

Airco . 

Ame rican Fier era 

Ammerea l 

Amtran s 

Artec h 

Baumgartner Pa c 

BoegllGravure s 

Bor33waidt _ 

Cardwell 

CDL 

Commonwealth 9 r ane e 

Crag s 

Crow• ey Maritime Corp . 

East:ear Filter Pre eect s 

Ecusta . . . . . . . . . 

Electronic Seeds Serecln g 

Evergreen untie 

Fabreek a 

Federal Paper Beare . . . 

Fiat . 

Fidus 

Fil 

62 

87 , 

.82, 

11 3 

113 

11 4 

112 

111 11 0 

61 80 . 

86 6 5 

83 

84 

Exhibitors at the 4' h International Tobacco Exhibition Raleigh, North Carolin a 

2—4 June 1992 

. 

99 10 0 

20' 

69 

30' 

2 0 

t o 

67 

10 1 

66 

70 

7•i, ~ r1~7 1 

'.'"74 ' y r 

75 Flsnburne . 

41 

52 

16 

43 

48 

FiteCn 

Flet c 

Fock e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

H 3 Fuller 

GBELegg 

. . . 

11 

3 

81 

40 

58 

109 

Julius Glatt 

Gleam Metallic . 

Golden Belt . . 

Gonz3iee 

Griffin 

Haynes Rubber 

. . . . 

38 Hercules . . 

43 

63 

22 

51 

43 

20 

110 

Hrpage 

ICL Agencies 

Indepenoant Container Lin e 

Infrared 

International Pape r 

IREngraving 

ITM 

14 

14 

1d 

Kaymich 

KC Automation 

KimberlyClark 

KT Industries 

. . . 

I Lawson Mardon Group 

LTR 

Mactae lsh Machine 

Maryland Sprin g 

Michailides 

Miguel & Costas 8 Miguel 

MobilF,im 

Moisture Systems 

N C . Port Authority 

National Starch 

North American Container 

Norinrcp King 

NTE-Greece 

. 

. 

4t • 

GRAY : 52_0 S'A :.CS 

3813 8 

1 5 

. .t 16 


C14 .,, 

49148 LA7~ : :'48 45 ~ 44 1 

-r . 

ear: . in:? e 

ft 4a fJ! . .t- . 5 . 

VISITOR ENTRANCE 

46 Onter . Flue C .r'. . 

44 Marketing 9PC 10 7 

74 Paper teries de Sla i avc?re 12 A 

12 ?epereriesde .ta :lee. . . . 12 .; 

26 Payne Packagir.c 2 4 

57 Petrrdes . . . . 5 2 

64 Philip Yeorns 82 .5 

36 Port of Ricnmc nc 43 

82 : 87 Proctor 3 Sccr.arz 2 3 

5 Quantum Film 7 0 

51 A Peerr.oY . . . . . 7 8 

77 Riverside P2CM:a_ing i B 

17 Scaneu;a . 7 3 

47 Sie,nr.g 7 

43 Simpro . . 9 

43 Smart Macnines 80 

15 Sod .m 5 3 

65 SonocoPackag'ng 7 2 

54 Southern Test :rg 4 

35 Spikier 1 0 

2 Swofford & ASSOC 3 2 

53 Syntnetic l ndus : e es . . . 2 5 

12A TannPaper 2 0 

71 Timcorp 8 

27 TMA 2 8 

12A Tobacco Associates 5 6 

34 Tobacco Intert'a :ional 5 5 

50 TobaccoMuse .im 7 9 

60 Tobacco Reporter . . . 4 2 

37 Top Tebaccoleternational . . 3 3 

21 Videk 3 1 

28 Wattens . . . . 2 0 

29 Wester°.and Uc 1 

69 Westvaco 1 9 

28A Winston Prinhr.g 1C 8 

61 World Tobacco 67 

59 Zoecon . . . . . . 6 

43 1 42 1 41 

26 :. r 

23 

Alt Single Stands 13 a 0 . 

« .1,,,,, : 

6 

The stands sold 

at the Raleig h 

Exhibition a r 

the time of 

going to press.


Commitment to quality 

Souza Cruz * Trans -Continental Lea f 

Tobacco Corporation

Raleigh Conference Programme 

Tuesday June 2 . 199 2 

Exhibition Hill epee gam to 5p m 

Leaf Tobacco To The Year 2000 

Chairman W .K Collins. PhD. . Associat e 

Head, Crop Sc:ertce Department . Agricultu - 

ral Euernion Sere ra : . \C . State University 

Changes in world leaf demand. Is ther e 

world shortage'. Where will tobacco com e 

from :' 

Introducciot,- Scans,taa/ R','rldu' :de Orer. 

yie :r '[Leal Pr 

coon . Supply and L :sa-ge " 

Speaker to be an iience d 

-World Pmduccroe . Supply an,! Usage of 

11rgirna TobecN ' 

Alfieri Monk . A C . Monk & Company. 

Farmyille . N C 

"World Producing . Su pple and Usage of 

Burley Tobacco " 

JulianSinger. Dibr : : Brethcrs .Inc. . Danville 

. V,\ 

"World Production . Supply and Usage of 

Oriental Tobec.o ' 

Dr. Nikniacs loannidis. Agronomist 

Odene \ices Pe :rides Co . Inc . Kavale. 

Greec e 

"World Prcductaer. . Supply and Usage of 

Dark Air-Cured Tobacco " 

Claude Martin . President . Lancaster Lea f 

Tobacco Co. . Lancaster . PA 

Supplying the World's Leaf Demand : 

A Roundtable Discussion 

"Controlling Chem::al Residues. Communicating 

Requirements to Farmers ' 

Nelson B . Benncmann . Leif Director . 

Souza Cruz, Fiuranopolis . Brazi l 

"The Challenges of Changing from Dark t o 

Blond Tobaccos " 

Heliodoro Carbonell, Director of Production 

. Cetarsa . Madrid. Spai n 

"Small Shareholder Farmers and Tobacco : 

G erring Them Interested" 

Speaker to he announced 

` .New Tobacco Leaf Sources Around the 

I; Or-Id - 

Don t .epham . Agronomist . Taber. Harare. 

Zimb.hw e 

" Leone .4reifable Leaf Afore Efficiently " 

Phil Fisher. Export Leaf Deportment . 

Brew n R V ilitamsen Tobacco Co ., Louisvil - 

le . K',' 

Wednesday June J, 1992 

Exhibition Hall open 9am to 5p m 

Manufacturing, Marketin g 

and Selling To The Year 200 0 

Chairman . John E . deSouza . Director co 

Quality Assurance. 

R.J Reynolds Tobacco lraernauona l 

Import/Fepurt and Trading Trend s 

"The lii , rk/ -s Enrer, i ng Tradio_ Blocks — 

52 


Effete on : Toha:c,i Industry — Casa in 

Point Sour,'east .4e .e.cè .4trio leas . andEu - 

rasia EEC'I " 

Manf r ed Kerner. Director . Stand ; ur.k t 

Ha :nhurg . Germain 

"GATT IL'rcouas Recndl and its Effect :in 

Tobacco — Current Status of Formerly C o. 

sed Markets in the E_, :ern Countries " 

Speaker to beanneence d 

New Markets . New Opportunitie s 

"The Finances or' Doing Bus/ores in Russia 

and Easter r. Europe " 

George F . Barannik . Consultant for Sovie t 

Union Market . Interee :to. Helsinki. Fin - 

lan d 

"Eastern fame : Toe Challen ges of Dore: - 

butior, Finencin_g . Il :autac:urine and Pan 

ties " 

S p eaker to be annoance d 

Establishing loin 1 cr :ures to Eastern Europe 

" 

Speaker to be announce d 

ìl 'hat 1171/Cigarettes Look Like in the Firer 

20007" 

Alain Charet, Director of Business and Pro - 

duct Development 

Papeteries de M(audcin Paris . France 

.World Trends in Smoking Tobacco and 

R- Y'-O- 

Lars Bernth . Dire:: :. Marketing & S p ies . 

Orlik Tobacco. Assers . Denmar k 

Manufacturing Trend s 

"Economies of Scale — Differen t 

Melee. Pack Combinations for Large and 

Small Complexe s 

Floyd Loclamy . Director of Operations an d 

Planning 

R .J . Reynolds Tobacco Co., Winston-Sale m 

N C 

"Factory .4utomatian in the Future " 

Tadeshi lssanami, Asicciate General Manager.TobaccaTechn 

.iceDepartment . Jaria n 

Tobacco Inc. . Tokyo. Ja p a n 

'Primary Processing ' Every Grade of Tobac - 

co Hers Potential ."' 

Monty White. GBE Legg. Ltd. . Andover. 

Englan d 

'Instrumentation Con:r ofofAfanufacturing 

in the Future " 

David Williams . Infrared Engineering- Ltd .. 

Waltham . M A 

"Future Trends for t!_ie "Pack Technol o gy 

— 1 1 -here Will Nee. Ideas Come From" — 

Bendmg Technoli'csr, for New Hybrid: of 

Machinery " 

Michael \ea :. MI A . Near& Associates . O s . 

ford . N C 

Special Conference Highligh t 

"T'o' Fatur e o` the C`. iersc T , bjcco Ec: ro- 

\lodcat. r Farrel Delman . President . 

T\I \ 

Panelist, rep-e.en : :",' CNTC. Beijing : 

C\TC . Gu .:n__ :":O CTIEC . Bening : 

C\TC . Factor'. Ia', 

Chc: .rt une C .:c ; :cl P.ots : .o,red T\Lit 

and T. âcc ., In :rrn .c ., 

Guest ireeker : Mui, Sarr.tno . Lxec: :n .: - ;cr-President 

-- Crania er . Philip \! .'rru . 

US A 

Thursday .lane 4. 1992 

E,.hirilier. H . 'I .Ter. "am., ., Spi n 

Socio-Political Issue s 

To The Year 200 0 

Introduction by Das .sI \1iJ :od . T\IA Director. 

President. CEO . T .; gyred, Ecpor :ers Ir.. 

ternatior.al and Chairmen CEO. Lane . Ltd. . 

Tucker . G A 

Jed: 'rig Han :. . Isr .'s Inc Weary — From 

farme r , re Su ."phr, re :he Trade ' 

Speaker to be anrr,ucced 

'Tot.Ieco in the C,r : sr of O: her Indestries 

— Tek;ng a Look :I heal to the Year .Ahk)' 

Thomas. Griscs:m . Eye utiye Vice-President, 

RJR Tobacco . LSA . \\ ir,„ten-Salem. NC 

-rinti-T'hasco /bur nt er; .iet s 

Ron Tully . Di rector of Information Services. 

Tob :xo Doccnrentat .cn Centre Lsrdoa. 

England 

G Free Speech Disa,,ra: rim_ "" 

Dasid Reines. Eau .. Ca-.in_etan & Bur!ina, 

Washington. D C 

"Whet Pleppens .l (ter ( id, 'i!, nc Trends i n 

Prndect Ls.briits Linea .' in " 

Waiter Cofer. Es q . S' 'ek . Hardy and Bacon 

. Kansas Clive M O 

"Les.aend Re :ulznr. St .nus of ETS " 

Clausen Fiy .Jr . Ese . Co' 'ncton & Burling. 

Wesbi nylon . D C 

Industry Strategie s 

Introduction by. Hideih : Fu :i,hiro. Genera l 

Manager . Japan T .±b,:c: . Inc .. New York , 

N Y 

"Gener:l Os note . " 

Nloderetor : hian Winehur . Director. Corporate 

Affair s 

Philip Morris Inter : ational . Inc .. Rye 

Brook . \Y 

"EPA Trcar m. ent on FTN . Is the Proses, 

Farr . 

Jef're s SchLiena,.al . -drni cistrut"e Asostart 

to the Honorable Thomas J . Bailer . Jr. . 

R-M' 1 . W"ashin . :nn . D C 

"rl do ert :sing Freedom :n Canada : The Ono 

her Dr : i.ern 

. . 

Speaker to be announced 

'Cnur :grim the Ft' T,•b.lcco id : e . :isirrn 

Byrn " 

Mlan'-ed Kaiser . D reeler. Standpenkt . 

Hamn,ra. Germa n 

Spc .:ke-t, he :.r.noeneed 

Questions and .Answers 

1- M .1 annu :d Aleering and luncheon 

3/92 [lm

I•oremo, t 

Slteciali~tn 

Orienta l 

tobacco , 

for ovrr 

60 s ears 

Leaf Tobacco Co., Inc . 

122 Eat 12 Stree t 

\eo 1ork.\ .1 . 1016 3 

Genera, S a.itzrrlan d 

Izmir, Turke y 

Salnnira. Greec e 


MOON MARKETS 

Ere nouvelle pour Is fabrication de s 

cigarettes au Brtsll 

Apres vinnt-sept ans de strict controle pa r 

le g ouyernement, le m mistere bresiiien d e 

I'econamie vient de lever le controle su e 

Ies prix des cigareues. Les prix etaien t 

maintenus artificiellement a un bas niveau 

si bien que la manufacture du taba c 

devint peu rentable. Avant ('introductio n 

de cette mesure, les prix au detail furen t 

augmente a un niveau plus raisonnable. 

Grace 5 cette recente initiative, lea atticitcs 

clans lc domaine tabacole son' a nou - 

veau rentables. 

Nueva era pare Is produccibn d e 

cigarrillos en Brasi l 

Despubs velntisiete altos de rigidos comm - 

ies por parse del gobierno, reciemement , 

los precios de los cigarrillos fueron desblo - 

queados pore) ministerio brasileno de ha - 

cienda . Los precios en Brasil se habia n 

mantenido artificialmente en un nivel bajo. 

de modo que at manufacturacion de l 

tabaco fue un negocio porn lucrativo . Antes 

de la introduccion de esta medida, los 

precios at por menor ya habian sido eleva - 

dos a un nivel mis aceptable . Esta 4ltim a 

medida, sin embargo. significa el regreso 

hacia una actividad profitable . 

Neue Ara Mr die Zlgarettenherstellun g 

in Brasllle n 

Nach siebenundzwanzig Jahren strikie r 

Kontrollen durch die Regierung wurde n 

die Zigarettenpreise kBrzlich von Brasi - 

liens Wirtschaftsministerium freigegeben. 

Die Preise waren kfrnstlich niedri g 

gehalten worden, wodurch die Tabakver i 

arbeitung unrentabel wurde . Bevor diese 

btaBnahme eingeftihrt wurde, waren die 

EinzelhandeLsppreise bereits auf ein vv.. 

nuaftigeres Niveau angehoben worden . 

Die jt7ngste Initiative macht das Tabakgeschaft 

jedoch wieder rentabel . 

Nuova era per Is fabbricazlone dell e 

sigarette nel Brasile 

Dopo ventisette anni di seven controlli d a 

parse del governo, it ministero del l 'econo - 

mia brasiliano ha recentemente liberalizzato 

i prezzi delle sigarette. Antecedentemeate, 

i prezzi furono mantenuti anificialmente 

bassi nel Brasile, cosicche la lavorazione 

del tabacco no era redditizia. 

Prima delrintroduzione di tale provvedimcnto, 

i prezzi at minuto erano gid stat i 

rialzati ad un livello ragionevole . La rc - 

cente iniziativa rende tuttavia nuovamente 

redditizio i1 commercio del tabacco. 

Nleuw IlJdperk visor d e 

slgarettenlabricage In Brazil)! 

Na zevenentwintig jaar intensieve controle 

door de regering werden onlangs d e 

sigarcttenprijzen door het Braziliaans e 

mnisterie van economische zaken vrijge - 

geven . De prijzen werden in Brazilie o p 

kunstmatige wijze laag gehouden, waar. 

door de tabaksverwerking onrendabe l 

werd. Voordat deze maatregel word Inge - 

voerd, waren de detailhandelsprijzen a t 

tot een redelijk niveau verhoogd . Deze 

jongste initiaueven maken de tabakshan - 

del loch weer rendabel . 

54 


A New Era for Brazilian 

Cigarette Manufacturers 

br Rut• Crescent i 

After twenty-seven years of strict government control, ci garette price s 

were liberated recently by Brazil's Ministry of Economics. Prices ha d 

been kept artificially low in Brazil, almost making tobacco manufactur e 

an unprofitable business . Prior to this measure being implemented . 

retail prices had already been increased to a more acceptable level . Thi s 

latest move, however, means a return to profitable activity . 

T he 

liberation of cigarette prices , 

an old goal of the Brazilian 

manufacturers, was granted i n 

March 1992 by the Brazilian government 

. For the last 27 years prices ha d 

remained under control because of the 

important contribution of ci g arette taxation 

to the Brazilian tax budget. I n 

fact, cigarettes made up 18 .1 per cent of 

the total amount of Brazil's Industrialized 

Products Tax (I P1) collected in 

1991 . For a matter of comparison , 

beverages and cars contributed a join t 

17.7 per cent. 

B-azilian cigarette producers ar e 

now free to fix the prices of their pro - 

ducts . Their only obligations now are t o 

adsise government officials of any 

price increases three days before implementation 

and to maintain a moderate 

profit- raising policy . Manufacturers 

must now send retailers pric e 

lists with maximum prices that must not 

be exceeded . However, the retailer is 

allowed to lower prices if he wants to . 

The profit margin for retailers remain s 

at 11 .26 per cent . 

During the first three months of 199 2 

cigarette prices, still under governmen t 

control, rose by 52 .4 per cent, while i n 

1991 this rate had been 1019 .9 per cen t 

with an inflation rate of 453 .4 per cent . 

"Cigarettes must have realistic pace s 

and not artificial ones, and that's wha t 

matters'', says Antonio Monteiro d e 

Castro Filho, President of Companhi a 

Souza Cruz . The company leads th e 

Brazilian market with ar. 82 per cen t 

share . He believes prices may keep o n 

rising ahead of Brazilian inflation rates. 

which is likely to cause a reduction in 

sales in the short term . Castro Filh o 

declared, however, that his compan y 

did not intend to raise prices sharply i n 

the first months after liberalization . 

Liberalization reaches the marke t 

leader, Souza Cruz, in a good business 

mood. Its holding company, Companhia 

Souza Cruz s.a ., expects very positive 

results in 1991 . Total invoices for 

1991 amounted to USS3 5 billion, wit h 

net profits of CSS 5=.8 million . This result 

means a virtual '. ictory for the company 

if compared with the USS 300000 

losses registered ire the first half of 1991 . 

Souza Cruz . a BAT affiliate, is not 

only the owner of the biggest cigarett e 

manufacturing plants in Brazil, but als o 

controls one of' the biggest fruit juic e 

factories of the country, Nlaguarv . an d 

a paper and pulp branch . Papei s 

ahy . Furthermore . it holds a 33 per cen t 

share of Aracruz Celulose and Plurimarca, 

which administrates the franchising 

of Souza Cruz cigarette brand s 

for use in other products . It also holds a 

share of Polo Petrochemical, which 

produces polyprop.:lcnc films for cigarette 

packaging . 

This diversification, however, does 

not mean that the company may b e 

changing towards other industrial an d 

commercial sectors . From now on . say s 

President Castro Filho, Souza Cruz wil l 

concentrate efforts on its main business 

. responsible for 75 per cent of th e 

group 's total turnover . the cigarette . 

The USS 100 million investment recently 

promised b'. B \T is larg ely justified 

by Souza Cruz's 27 per cent shar e 

of all BAT world-vs ide cigarette sales i n 

1991 . ■ 

3/9 2 

T

Tr, 

HL-79 ki t 

New flexibility concept in cigarette packing . 

- I 

:. : . 2d 3OLCONA pTA , DI CC=.- 0 =,:'..LA 57-59 

FOIL EMBOSSING AND CUTTING 

ER FRAME FEEDIN G 


HL-79 kit is Sasib answer 

to quickly switch from soft to 

hard-box production on 3-79 

and 3-279 model packers. 

The resuit ;ng hinge-li d 

packer remains basically th e 

simple machine which is wel l 

known all over the world . 

Innovative blank desig n 

allows considerable materia l 

savings in both cardboar d 

and aluminium fcil . 

The result is : 

TOP QUALITY SHAPE D 

ON MINIMAL INVESTMEN T 

TOBACCO 

sAsm MACHINERY 

,. _ 

I

PRODUCT MARKET S 

Uneautre attitude face inn marcht qu i 

a chang e 

Beauceup a :Marge cu sein de I'indestrie 

ta~acale turgce depuis la suppression d u 

monopole en rr.ai 1991 . Tekel e: Best A.S. . 

les deuz plus Brands fabricants dumesti - 

ques. aspirent a ace.;dre une plus grand e 

part de marche . Its luttent centre la concurrence 

croissente descigarettes crimperladen 

. Malgre tout . la fabrication et l a 

commercialisation du tabac continuen t 

d'ctre imponartes eu aped a refir e 

d'empleis en Turquie . 

Nueva actitud trente a un mercad o 

cambiado 

Han cambiado muches cosas en la indu - 

stria tabacalera turca desde la abolicio n 

del monopolio en mayo de 1991 . Tant o 

Tekel come Best AS . los dos productore s 

domesticos mas im ror:antes, ahora est5 n 

aspirando a Una ma}or participacion en e l 

mecado y tambien estan luchando contra 

una creciente comfetencia par pane de lo s 

cigarillos imponados . No obstante, l a 

produccion y la mercantilizacien de tabaco 

siguen siendo muy importantes come 

ofrecedores de puestos de trabajo . 

Verinderter Markt ertordert Umdenke n 

Vieles hat rich in der tiirkischen Tabakin - 

dustrie seit der Abschaffung des Monopols 

im Mai 1991 verandert. Sowohl Teke l 

als such Best AS., die beiden wichtigste n 

einheimischen Hersteller, sind nun bestrebt 

. cinen groBeren Marktanteil zu erreichen. 

Sie kampfen gegen den steigenden 

Wettbewerb von Importzigaretten . 

Trotz allem bleiben Tahakherstellung and 

-yermarktung von geoBer Wichtigkeit fa r 

die Bereitstellung eon Arbeitsplatzen in 

der Turksi . 

In on mercato trastormata urge 

camblare Idea 

Dall'abrogazione del monopolio net mere 

di maegio 1991 motto b cambiato nelfindustria 

tor-ea del tabacco. Tanto Tekel . 

quanto Best AS., i due pia importanti fab - 

bricanti indigeni, cercano ora di aumentare 

Is lord quota pane al mercato. Essi lottano 

.onvo I'accresciuta concorrenza del le 

vomit, importate . Cib nonostante, la 

faburicazione a la vendita dei tabacchi rivestono 

grande importanza per la creazione 

di posti di lavoro in Turchia . 

Anders denken nodtg blJ ee n 

veranderende markt 

Sinds het afschaffen van het monopolie i n 

mei 1991 is er veel veranderd in de Turks e 

tabaksindustrie . Zowel Tekel als oak Best 

AS., de twee belangrijkste inheernse fabrikanten 

. streven er nu naar om een groter 

marktaandeel to verkrijgen. Ze 

stnjdcn tegen de stijgende concurrenti e 

van importsigaretten . Ondanks alle s 

btijsen tabaksfabricaee en tabakshandel 

van greet belang voor het verschaffen va n 

arbcidsplaatsen in Turkije. 

56 


Cigarette production capacity in Tekel factories stands 21.56 00 tonnes annual/a. 

(RH) 

Charging Attitudes on a 

Changing Market 

TJf Report 

Much has changed in the Turkish tobacco industry since the abolition 

of the monopoly in May 1991 . Both Tekel and Best .A .S., the mai n 

domestic producers, are now aiming at a bigger market share and are 

struggling against the growing competition ofimported cigarettes tha t 

have already gained the preference of one fifth of Turkish smokers . 

Nevertheless, tobacco manufacturing and marketing are still majo r 

generators of jobs in Turkey . 

A lthough 

the image of the Turkish 

tobacco consumer i$ that o f 

a strong smoker, plain cigaret- 

tes have been loosing large slices of th e 

country's hotly contested cigarette market 

recently . Production of plain cigarettes 

has dropped by 59 per cent sinc e 

1934 and consumption has falle n 

sharply from 7793 tonnes in 1954 t o 

3946 tonnes in 1990 . Tekel is the sol e 

producer of unfiltered cigarettes i n 

Turkey . 

Demand for filtered cigarettes is en - 

peered to make up 9 7 per cent of total 

ci g arettes sales in Turkey by 1994. Consumption 

has been climbing again after 

a fall in 1986, but the market share o f 

Turkish-made filter cigarettes has bee n 

decreasing every year since 1984 due t o 

grossing competition from foreig n 

breeds . These held a 20 percent marke t 

share in 1990, after holding a 2 _ per cen t 

share in 1984 . In 1990 . sales revenu e 

from imported tenecco products mad e 

up 41 per cent of the total revenue fro m 

tobacco products in Turkey . After th e 

3/92 IgU

2 0 

d Filtere 

abolition of the monopoly in 114! . pri - 

vate enterprises acre allowed to import 

leaf tobacco, and manufacture . import 

Sales of Blended and Oriental Cigarettes in Turke y 

Tonne s 

and export ci garettes . cigars and othe r 

tobacco products, pro%ided they 

achieved a certain capacity of produc - 

lion within Turke c 

Tekel is still the main Turkish to - 

bacco products manufacturer - and i s 

owned sole!: by the state . It also own s 

25 per cent of BEST A .S ., w hich has 

been active since 1983 . Tekel is the sec - 

and corporation amon g the V i larges t 

Turkish companies, according to th e 

1990survey ofthe Istanbul Chamber o f 

1 

Import s 

Blended 

Orienta l 

Total 

Jomesa c 

d 

Blende 

Unfiltered 

Total 

Total Market 

1987 

1 47 323 

323 

10 800 

55 145 45 

0 

5 885 

61 030 

71 830 

I 1988 

45042 9 336 

9 798 

c 33 

3 3 

4 776 

58 925 

68 733 

1989 

tt 45 t 

390 

11 811 

56 3 ' 9 

1 6 t9 

4 77 7 

62 715 

74 526 

i 1990 

15 1 96 

594 

15 594 

52 5E 3 

4 , c 

631 '1785 

76 71 2 

Industry, and also produces and im• 

ports other products such as be'. erases , 

?,;.,,;s5ee;- ' 

>» , 

matches and coffe . Als , y , t 

controls the manufacture and stocks of 

Turkish Cigarette Imports by Country 

the private enterprises is ho produce th e 

same products . 

Due to a lack of modern machinery , 

the present production capacity oli o 

I 

— 

Country Count 

Quantit y 

(Tonnes) 

199 0 

Valu e 

(000)(5) 

_ . 

Per Cent 

manufacturing lines is estimated to b e 

around 56000 tonnes per year . Th e 

total capacity for the production of Ill - 

tered cigarettes in Turkey is 68 I S I ton - 

nes . In 1990 Tekel's sales revenue from 

' Germany 

England 

Switzerland 

USA 

Total 

160 

163 

263 

15 008 

15 594 

3 715 

4 027 

6 795 

248 270 

312 810 

1 .1 9 

1 29 

2 .1 7 

95 .35 

100.00 

cigarettes and other tobacco products Se,,ct Stale Inn L.* 

® 3/92 


57

PROEM MAM A 

Changing Attitudes . . . 

made up SO per cent of the total sales 

revenue generated within Turkey for 

tobacco . 

Plain cigarette production capacit y 

has declined 59 percent since 1984 . Fo r 

cigars capacity has remained constant . 

but capacity utilization ratio double d 

from 1983 to 1990 . Production capacit y 

at BEST A . S ., which is to 39 per cent i n 

the hands of foreign companies- has 

doubled from 600 tonnes per year i n 

1987/88 to 1200 tin 1990. Its production 

capacity utilization rate was estimated 

at 42 per cent in 1990 . Tobacco 

manufacturing employs I 1056 peopl e 

in the country, while about 202 000 

people work in the tobacco sales an d 

distribution sector. 

In 1990 tax revenue from tobacc o 

manufacturing reached TL 168 .5 million 

. Export revenue from tobacco pro - 

ducts amounted to USS24million . 

Until May 1991 BEST AS . coul d 

only distribute and sell its product s 

through Tekel outlets, who also run s 

forty duty-free shops scattered around 

tht country T't private sector runs I " 

of such .hcps . hich base the licence t o 

import and sell tobacco products them - 

sett es . 95 per cent of all Turkish cigarette 

exports .sent to the former Sovie t 

Union in 990. according to the annua l 

report of the Aegean Region Exporter s 

Union . Total ci g arette exports in 1990 

amounted to =S70334 kilos . Turkey is 

now tryin g to export more to othe r 

countries such as Cyprus . Romania. 

Libya and Afghanistan . 

On the other hand . 95 per cent of al l 

foreign cigarettes brought into th e 

country in 1990 came from the Unite d 

States . In 1990 salts revenue from imported 

products was 41 per cent of th e 

total rccenue from tobacco goods . ■ 

Turkish Sales and Distribution Network for Tobacc o 

199 0 

Type of I I Estimate d 

Distribution Units 

and Sales Organization 

,No. of Peopl Tota l 

Employed Compensatio n 

(Million RI 

Marketing and 

Distribution Departments & 

Warehouses 97 0 

Tekel Local Shops 19 5 170 390 55 0 

Sales Caravans 2 0 

Duty-free Shops 40 240 48 0 

Private Local Sales Outlets 192 8C0 192 100 489 90 0 

Sector Duty-free Shops 127 762 1 905 

Total 201 972 879 83 5 

Source 7■, . . r - ; grid Diunbuoon Elra %,nmente . annual aKen . 13%' Private 5 :'::cer . 

SOBS& EXPORTERS OFgUALITY CANADIAN ro11A000 c 

rtUECtREn ' 

[7ARet FIRED . . 

DARK AIIL CL•Rr .D 

.ELI(:Hr AIR1:URI: D 

For sample' ., . utter p.ocat~orvs. 

•ter ocher ln(onnar,nrr.contarr• .- ' 

HE C .a. Thorntor~. MnnaRer, Cxpurr .ttr000l, . 

IMPERIAL . L .EAETORAC'.C O 

' DIVISION OFlM .a'CO LI NITI,r 

1'0 (lox. 10, .5ylmrr. Ont ..r .o Can .tda .N 111 2111 . 

Phone :15 PM -77 .192 St 

Rler- ORI : :1`,5 :1 . 

Cable' IM PIOIlIAY 1 .11 

58 3/92 Ern 


- 

W 

N.)

Corporate Offices : Danville, Virginia U.S .A . 

• ARGENTINA :PrWsa--Procesatdwa de Tabs= SA., Telex' 30425310 . Fax 54 .1 .112503 • BAA7Jl : Tara. Tab oos,SJL,Tepr.510039. Fat . 55. 51 .741 .2303 .Vasalumos, 

Ltda. Telex . 510238. Fax: 55.5 1 .718. 1174 , CANADA: Dlbno Brothers of Canada LA, TOes:6181221. Fax: 5194S5.3811 • ENGLAND: DiMa0 Brothers, Incorporated LUX 

Branch),TeM1 :858266,Fax44256 3141 • GERMANY: Rohtsbalwergaevrcs A.G. (wow), Toler 7825919, Fax . 49 .721 501334 GREECE: Georges Ahmed, Tobacco 

Mern.Borol SA, Telex : 412654, Fax : 3031-472733 • HOLLAND : Well Broths Intan 1atel SY, Tex 14574. Fax 31-2977. 11006 - ITALY: Redltab, SpA Telex: 612550 , 

Fu 394474-3638 • MALAWI : trrbW x 018.0 (Malawi) ltd, 7rer 44488. Fax. 265-765864 • SVIIT2E0UAND: Dibrell Brothers Ntrna8On SA, Telex : 421162, Fac :41-22 - 

438412 • TURXEY: F.Mntenk TUrk TUt4n AS . Telex : 52275. Fax 90 .5 1 -181499 • UMTED STATES: DRni0 Brat*" Incorporated, Telex: 6770255, Fax: B04-751 .0378 an d 

604.791-0377, Caro4r. Lae Tobacco C& Inc., Teex 57545 . Fax : 9197526588 • 27MBABWE:09xe8 Brolhen Zanbebwe (Pat) Ltd, Telex 2201, Fax 26a 4 .68397 


NEWS AND NAMES 

Alfons Mayer 

TJI Tobacco 

Personality of 1992 

The jury of Tobacco Journal International 

has named Alfons Mayer Tobacco 

Personality of 1992 . 

Alfons Mayer is the third g eneratio n 

of his family to be actively involved i n 

the cigar tobacco leaf business. Hi s 

roots in the business date back to 187 4 

when his grandfather, Alexande r 

Mayer. was associated with Brunne r 

and Schweitzer in Mannheim, Ger. 

many . 

In 1881 his grandfather, Alexande r 

Mayer, left Germany, and established 

A. Mayer & Co. in Amsterdam, th e 

Netherlands . In 1892 he made Sandblatt 

Sumatra famous at the Frascat i 

inscriptions where he bou g ht the firs t 

lot of 300 bales of Sandblatt through 

the Deli Ms . 

Alfons Maser was born on 3 January 

1927 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands . 

60 


Alfons 

:Maser. 

Senio r 

Vice President 

of 

Genera l 

Cigar Co. 

In 1938 his father went to Buenos Aires 

to establish a leaf tobacco compan y 

under the name of A. Mayer & Co . 

Alfons was unable to join his father' s 

business until 1945 . From 1943 to 194 5 

he was an active member of the Dutch 

Under g rour..d under Professor Wille m 

Schermerhorn, who was to becom e 

Prime Minister of the Netherlands after 

the war . 

Although his father's business continued 

in Argentina until the end of 1960 , 

Alfons left in 1952 to become a traine e 

in the tobacco division of Genera l 

Cigar Co. . Inc ., a New York cigar 

manufactcrer . His training programme 

included extensive practical experienc e 

in tobacco leaf operations in Pennsylvania 

. Coneecticut . Puerto Rico an d 

Cuba . 

From 195= to 1955, Alfons Maye r 

was assigned to General Ci gar's fille r 

tobacco plant in Havana, w here he wa s 

involved in the purchasing and process - 

ing of Havana filler for use in the production 

of domestic US brands . In 195 6 

he was transferred to Puerto Rieo a s 

Vice President of the company's Tobacco 

Products Munufacturing Corporation 

. This Division processed al l 

the company's ci gar wrapper tobacc o 

In 1957 he transferred to the Ne w 

York corporate office of General Ciga r 

Cu ., Inc . as Assistance Vice President . 

tobacco purchasing and processing . H e 

was promoted to vice President in 197 2 

and named Senior Vice President i n 

19 7 6 . In that year the corporate nam e 

was changed to Culbro Corporation o f 

which General Gear was made a division 

. 

In 1977 Alfons Mayer was made Executive 

Vice President, Tobacco, o f 

General Cigar Company and Helm e 

Tobacco Company, with responsibilitvx 

for tobacce buying . inventories an d 

storage of cigar leaf and leaf for th e 

pipe tobacco and srnokelss products o f 

the Helme Tobacco Company . In 193 3 

he became a Vice President of the par - 

ent Culbro Corporation, with responsibility 

for overall operations in the tobacco 

departments of General Ciga r 

Co . and Helme Tobacco Co . 

Followi n g the sale of Helme Tobacco 

in March 1986, Alfons Mayer was reap - 

pointed Senior Vice Presdient o f 

General Cigar Co ., Inc . He holds thi s 

position today, reporting to Davi d 

Bur g h, President and CEO . 

Alfons Have: has served as a Director 

of the Tohaccco Merchants Association 

of the US since 1990 and is a n 

active memeber of the Lions Club International 

in Warren Township, Ne w 

Jersey . (GC ) 

THE PREMIER EXHIBITION &OA ' 

CONGRESS SERVING TH E 

WORLD'S• TOBACCO MARREr 

THE •TOBACCO` 

BUSINESS 

CONNECTION ' 

VIENNA ' OCTOBER 24-27 1994 

For further information call us her e at Tobacco 

journal International or . 

contact the TAB EXPO office at.' ' ` 

2 St. Nicholas: Mid Hclmwood. 

Dorking, Surrey RHS 4ER. Englan d 

Tel: 44 (0) 306 8858291884078 

Fax : 44 (0) 306 881903 

3/92

Your bobbin is under control 

Quality at Malauc@ne is not limited to ou r 

comprehensive range of systems and procedures. 

but integrates the total involvmen t 

of all our employees at each step in th e 

manufacturing process . Everyone in the 

mill knows that his personal responsibilit y 

is to make sure that your current and futur e 

needs are hull\ satisfied . 

A* 1 m ; .ate 6nrgae 


Ilalauci ne : Total Quality Assurance over a 

full range of products : 

• Plain and printed tipping pape r 

• Macrolaser .11icrola_cer'perforated tippin g 

paper 

• )tacrospray' and )l :crosprit ' perforated 

cigarette paper 

• Coloured cigarette paper. 

:3=E , .. . 

0 Kimberly-CtarkC_ - • 3 

PAPETERIES DE MAtAUCENE

NEWS AND NAME S 

INDIA 

Russia Exports Down 

Russia has declared it intends to bu y 

only 15000 tonnes from a 250001 tohacco 

order from the Indian state of 

Andhra, which has led to a fall in tobacco 

prices in the re g ion . Indian tobacco 

exports to the former Sovie t 

Union dropped from 35000 tonnes i n 

the 1980s to a total of 30000( in 1991 . 

India exported 83000 tonnes of tobacco 

and tobacco products in 1991 , 

worth Rs 2360 million . The exports are 

handfed by about 20 agencies : seven o f 

them are specialized in exports to Rus - 

sia . 

(KKS ) 

INDONESIA 

Sampoerna Resign s 

Kretek maker Sampoerna has resigned 

from GAPPRI, the Indonesian cigarette 

manufacturers' association . Th e 

reason given for the move is the failur e 

of the association to "defend the aspira - 

tions of its members" . (TMA) 

PAKISTAN 

Unfair Competitio n 

Cigarette smug gling is still a major 

problem for the tobacco industry an d 

the government in Pakistan . Manufacturers 

claim that the amount of contra - 

band cigarettes has doubled from 198 8 

to 80 million pieces per month in 1991 , 

ario ;hat large scale smuggling is damaging 

the local industry. Smuggle d 

cigarettes come mostly from Iran, Afghanistan 

and the United Arab Emirates 

. (SRA) 

POLAND - 

Ban Discusse d 

A draft law being discussed in Poland's 

Senate would ban all tobacco advertisements 

from television, and actor s 

would not he permitted to smoke whil e 

on screen . 

Smoki n g would also be prohibited i n 

personal vehicles, on public transport , 

in hospitals, chemists and schools — 

including staff rooms . Anti-smokin g 

classes would be introduced to school 

62 


curricula . 

In addition . smokin g would h e 

banned in offices if non-smokers wer e 

present . The draft foresees imprisonment 

or lines for cigarette manufacturrrs 

w ho tail to carry health warnings 

on cigarette packs and for those wh o 

import or distribute nicotine gum . 

1TMA ) 

Installation of the new PM I paper - 

making machine at Schoeller & Hoesc h 

Papierfabrik in Gernsbach . FRG, is th e 

largest single in vestment made by the 

company since its inception in the yea r 

188 1 

Inv estments in the machine, the ne w 

building required to house it and th e 

installation costs totalled DM 90 mil - 

lion . 

According to the company, the P\t I 

is the fastest machine of its kind in th e 

world and has been designed especiall y 

for the manufacture of long-fibre pro - 

ducts . 

Apart from porous filter papers, th e 

machine also produces, amongst other 

things, sachets for teeba g s . 

Schoeller & Hoesch put the annua l 

production capacity of the PM 1 at approximately 

7 500 tonnes . depending 

on the quality of the paper. Maximu m 

production speed is h00m per minute at 

SWITZERLAND 

No to Ban 

The Swiss general council has recom . 

mended that Parliament reject calls for 

a complete ban on tobacco and alcoho l 

advertisin g , proposing instead limite d 

prohibition of ads . (PA ) 

Christoph Sieber-Mike (left) end Or, lug. Eckart Kiissner head the Schoe/1er & 

Hoesch business. Photo:SS H 

Large Investment in New Paper Machin e 

at Schoeller & Hoesch 

12g per sqm . 

Inspite of the unusually high in•:est - 

ment, Schoeller & Hoesch achieved 

balanced results for 1991 with lumose r 

up 7 .9 per cent from 1990 at DM 21 2 

million . 

In 1992 Schoeller & Hoesch carried 

out a further step in the direction o f 

international expansion . 

In Wisches, France- the foundatio n 

stone of a new production plant wa s 

laid by the recently-established subsidiary, 

Schoeller & Hoesch SARL . 

The production of specialty micro . 

fibre non-wovens is due to commenc e 

in Wisches during the course of 1992 . 

This will complement the company 

programme of various long-fibre pro . 

ducts . 

In 1990 Schoeller & Hoesch established 

a plant for the production of cel - 

lulose in the Philippines to secure a 

regular supply of raw material . (knee ) 

3/92

RUSSIA 

Tobacco Crisis 

Russia is facing a crisis in the tobacc o 

industry because of the lack of raw materials. 

The supplies at the 24 tobacc o 

manufacturing plants will only last fo r 

another few weeks . 

The factories manufacture betwee n 

150 and 160 thousand million cigarette s 

annually : demand is twice present sup - 

ply. To work normally the plants re - 

quire a total of 250000 tonnes of tobacco 

but only 160000 tonnes are i n 

stock. The lack of foreign currenc y 

means Russia can only buy a furthe r 

35000 tonnes — 25000 from India an d 

10000 from Bulgaria. In addition, 

spares for foreign machinery that is 3 0 

or 40 years old are required. (DTZ) 

SERBI A 

US Investments 

bacco factory in Nis to construct a ne w 

cigarette making plant and increas e 

production of its Kent brand . The Di n 

company has been co-operating wit h 

Brown & Williamson for the last 2 0 

years and sells 500 tonnes of Kent cigarettes 

annually . (DTZ ) 

SOUTH KOREA 

New Presiden t 

The Korea Tobacco & Ginseng Corporation 

has announced the appointmen t 

of Mr Kee-In Kim, previously a commissioner 

of the Korean Customs Ad - 

ministration, to president of the company. 

(CI) 

SPAIN 

Filipinas Worldwide 

Compania de Filipinas of Madrid and 

the American Standard Commercia l 

Brown & Williamson Corp. intends to Corporation have reached an agreeinvest 

USS 120 million in the Din to- men' to co-operate in the development 

custa 

p 

1e znaae/6./aczecJ 

ECUSTA a division of P . H. GLATFELTER CO . 

P .O . BOX 200-PISGAH FOREST. NC-USA-28768 

and expansion of exports of Turkis h 

oriental Tobacco. Its acti•ities will h e 

conducted in Turkey by Hermes Tutu n 

Ihracat AS . of Izmir. 

Meanwhile Filipinas and Seita recently 

inaugurated their latest affiliate . 

Philippine Bobbin Corporation (PBC). 

a L.'SS4million joint-venture locate d 

near Manila which has facilities for th e 

preparation of wrappers and binders i n 

bobbins with a yearly production of 350 

million die cuts . (CI ) 

SWITZERLAND 

East-West Co-operatio n 

The Swiss cigar maker Villiger Sbhn e 

AG and the Ceskolovensk_: Tabakovy 

Priemysel from Smolnik, Czechoslovakia 

. have come to an agreement aimin g 

at lower production costs for both com - 

panies . 

Villiger S6hne will supply new ma - 

chines to its Czechoslovak partner, wh o 

will, in exchange, manufacture wrap - 

per tobacco for the Swiss company . (dal 

H_ ai .w0tLrtr CO. 

® 3/92 63 


NEWS AND NAME S 

AUSTRIA 

Celebrating Discovery 

The Austrian tobacco manufacturer , 

Austria Tabak, is organising a specia l 

event on 12 and 13 June to celebrate th e 

quincentenary of tobacco in Europe . 

Along with an exhibition at the Austria 

Tabak Museum in Vienna and a 

special operatic gala under the title o f 

"Gala Sevillana" at the Vienna Stat e 

Opera, the company will hold a sympo - 

64 

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no scent OTpaCf1SAM Ta6a4HOY1 

1WOMbILUTIeHHOCTH : 

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PaeeNTHB ra6aeack npOpyKI40 B 

Penopraw H 

TexHOnorH~ecicne npcuecc w 

Capb @ 

Howe uapKe ea6aea 

M2WNH6~ H npcnaco6neHHA K am/.1 

CTaTACTrVecKHe gaHHbie 

tlepeeeHb a,cpeco B 

1~1H OPMa eA H3 CT aH 

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NHTEPHALINOHAfib noApo6Hee, women Ha npttnaraeuots deopMynepe 

3axa3arb ero goCTaoKy Bau 6ecnnarHo . 

- 

TOBACCO JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, POSTFACH 3120 . W-6500 MAIN Z 

,3a, a %Oren 6b1 ny'we 03HBXOL/HTbCA C srypsanoM TO6AKKO >KYPHAII 

NHTEPHAI,VOHAI1b . npowy npIcnarb awe 6ecnnamo n 6ea KaKHn - 

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4taMHPHA Lim a 

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ynetta, no-1rOabIA HOMe p 

Hacee :+ Hbas nyHKr 

J,axa flognhcb 


sium . together with the European cigarette 

industry . 

Here the perspectives for tobacco i n 

Europe will he discussed by variou s 

political and economic experts . tCI ) 

ROMANIA 

Investments Ahea d 

The Romanian Tobacco Public Corporation, 

which consists of six tobacco 

r:. 

+ ."`^ .+. . 

"ry 

'-„ 

^ TeaN.~ 1 1 

~' jr1f1 

~ 

a -- 

manufacturing pieces . has announce d 

that it plans to place sh.:res on the market 

in the near future . 

The measure is Int :adcd to generat e 

money for the modernisation of the tobacco 

manufacturing plants, whic h 

would lake to double ci g arette outpu t 

and increase exports . 

Cigarette production in Romania i n 

1991 reached ="000 tonnes, import s 

amounted to I0000 twines . The area 

under tobacco was drastically reduce d 

in 1991 to 9300 ha from 20000 ha i n 

past years . (C l l 

RUSSIA 

Modernisatio n 

Due to 3 special L5S_.: million hard 

currency deal with the Krasnoyars k 

Non-Ferrous Steel Mill to help import 

cigarette-producin g machinery fro m 

Czechoslovakia and the Federal Re - 

public of Germany . the Russian cigarette 

manufacturin g plant in Kansk wil l 

be modernising and expanding . Thi s 

programme will enable the factory t o 

triple production to 7 million pieces pe r 

month . (TMA) 

SWITZERLAND 

Cigarette Sales U p 

Cigarette sales in Switzerland increased 

to 16051 million pieces in 1991 . 

This is the best result since 1956, according 

to the Swiss Association of Ci - 

garette Producers i ASFC 1. The positiv e 

result comes after a 0 .48 per cent drop 

in 1990 ag ainst 19s9. when 15837m 

units were sold . (P1 ) 

CORRECTION 

Tobacco Travelle r 

In issue TJI 1/92 . within our Tobacc o 

Traveller series, we published a profile 

on Brazil (pp 58-fl). .A mistake crep t 

into the "Tobacco Industry Profile" 

text which we would like to set right . 

The paragraph commencing "brazi l 

once had a significant ci gar industry . ." 

should go on to read "the three mai n 

cigar makers are Amerino Protu g a l 

S/A . Cia . Brasileira de Charutos e Cigarrilhas 

Ltda . and Suerdieck Charutos 

eCigarrilhas l_tda . (T31 )

0 

0 


TH E 

TOBACC O 

TRAVELLE R 

CHIN A 

FRANC E 

`1 T 

Tobacco Journal Internationa l 

PO Box 3120 • GroSe Bleiche 44—5 0 

0-6500 Mainz

CIIINII 

• Urumqi 

GENERAL TRAVEL DATA 

11 

-) • Zhengrho u 

Xingzheng • 

. Bangb 

0 Nanjing 

J 

uHefei'" • 1' • ,I t r 

Chengdu 

uwell • 

l 

Chongqing 

Wuhan 

— • — :1, 

— •Shangha i • .:~ 

•Cs ngde Wufu — `l , . HangZftou 

Z• yf ~1 l Ningbu o 

Guiyang 

Qujing 

. 

0 

Changsha M^ 

• 

Arran 

Qingdao 

L 2 • Kunming 

Yuzu • 

• Chenzhou 

.J Longyan 

I 

2 

y ~ a~ [~ • Guangehou,.. .1. 

Lluehou well 

Population 1160000000 

Capital Beijin g 

Currency Renminbi (yuan) (R :S(B) — 100 fen . 

Forei g ners use Foreign Exchange 

Certificates (FECs) worth R\IB I 

each . No Chinese currency may be 

imported or exported : foreign eur - 

rencv unrestricted . It is ille gal to us e 

foreign currency inside Chin a 

Exchange Rate 5 .525R\1B — I AS S 

Time 

GMT + 8 hour s 

Country TeL Code 8 6 

Calls Abroad 00 + country code 

Main Airports Beijing Capital Airport. Guangzhou . 

Shangha i 

Visa Regulations Visa required of all visitors . Retur n 

or onward ticket must he shun o n 

arrival 

Vaccinations Yellow fever vaccination certificat e 

required of visitors coming from infected 

areas . Malsria risk exist s 

Driving Licence International driving licence require 

d 

66 


Nanning Shenzhen 

Languag e 

Climate 

K _ . 

l:~; Manufacturing Centr e 

A Growing Areas 

r~,r Tobacco Por t 

Chines e 

fiery cold winters (-!0`C) and warm 

summers (22'0 in the North. Cool. 

rainy winters ih°C) and warm . humi d 

summers (25'C) in the Sout h 

Public Holidacs I Jan. . 4 - 6 Feb .. I Vas . I & 2 Oct. 

Tipping 

Forbidde n 

Electricity Supply 220 volts 

Trade Contact China Council for the Promotion o f 

International Trade . Fuxingmenesa i 

Dupe . Beijing . Tel S6 1 801 3 34-I : telex 

2231 5 

Government State Statistical Bureau . People's R e . 

Statistics public of China . 3S Vuetan Nanjie. 

San Li He . Beijing . Tel S 17410 : telex 

___'8 

TOBACCO INDUSTRY DAT A 

Contac t 

1 

China National Tobacco Corpora - 

tion . I I Hufanz Road . 100052 . Beijin 

g. . Tel 13013399 : fan 13015 :31 : 

telex 22015 CNTC CN . 

China National Tobacco Import S t 

: C] 

Export Corporation ICTIECI. 11 Hufang 

Road . 11(1052 C::) 

. Beijing Tel ► 

(IA 

3/92 fill 

W 

i 0:3 

B CD

WE'RE PROUD TO MAKE A STRONG IMPACT ! 

The main advantages o f 

our Slim Line range: 

1 

1. These small-diamete r 

filters always confer a n 

image of hi-tech and innovation 

to your product . 

2. They are available i n 

mono / dual / dualcoal an d 

cavity versions . 

1 3 . These cavity filters ca n 

be manufactured with a 

normal, porous or perforated 

plugwrap . 

4. Possibility of strengthening 

the taste by means 

of flavoring in our cavit y 

1 

model . 

-Dualcoal 

-Cavity filters 

SWISS OUALITY FILTER S 

ALL OVER THE WORLD 


NEW QUALITY FILTER S 

FOR NEW MARKET S 

Baumgartner Papiers S A 

Post box 195 Rue de la Vernie 12 1001 Lausanne-Crissier Switzerlan d 

Phone : (41) 1211 635 15 11 Fax : (41) (21) 635 15 60 Telex : 454 141 BPA CH

CHINA 

131i . (,15 1304, 

y 

13043 6 

1 3143613 : fax . x (; 13640 . tele x 

Tobacco Graven 

___ : 66 C\TC C s 

Burley . flue-curee . oriental . knee l 

sun-c :,red and -tie -red lea f 

(Ironing Season Mac — Jul ) 

ffarsesting 

Season 

August — Septet' 

Packing/Selling 

Seaso n 

Sep :ember — De :en-he r 

Health Warnings Cigarettes packs :_Cr y the warrin g 

Advertising 

"Smoking is h_c_r!ous to yen, : 

heeith " 

A ban on clear : :-_ ad%ertising o n 

Restrictions radio. telesisic-n end in the prin t 

media has been i-. effect since December 

198 7 

Main China \atiorai Ttihat:co Cotpora - 

]lanufacturer Lion 

Leading Cigarette Chung Huai Ce t1 tilt Yan . 

Brands Hens Tashan . S: italic . Doubl e 

Leading Cigar 

Horses . Changle . l:- lien . Ginseng . 

Bai Sha . Liushui)in . Peony 

Bau Guang. P c_a. Great Wall . 

Brands Golden Came l 

TOBACCO INDUSTRY PROFIL E 

The tobacco trade and industry in China Is controlled by a 

state monopoly run by the China Natior .a. Tobacco Corpor - 

ation . China is the worlds leading prod-sr and consume r 

of leaf tobacco, with flue-cured prod_ :'. :an reaching 2 . 3 

million tonnes in 1991, an increase in production agains t 

1990 of 19 per cent . More than SO per der : of the leaf grow n 

is flue-cured Virginia. with most of the rest fairly evenl y 

divided between dark air- and sun•cLred and light air - 

cured : There is a small production of B .tr'cy and a type o f 

oriental . Flue-cured . unknown in Chin : in the early 1900 s 

is produced mainly in the South and E_st of the country. 

major producin g areas are Henan . Shandong . Anhui . Yunnan 

. Guizhon and Hunan . Lig ht sun-cored leaf is grots n 

over much of the country . particularly in Guangdong . Sichuan 

. Zhejiang and other central and c:r:h-eastern pray . 

inces . L• irk air-cured leaf is large and gnat n mainly in the 

Hubei . Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces. Dark sun-cured tobacco 

is used in China for cigars and pipe tobacco mixtures. 

Burley hid fairly recent development in China . Some quart 

. Henan and Sicl-._an provinces. Am - -crown 

in Hubei 

Malin ` g oal is grown in moderate quay : .t :es in Hubei an d 

Zhe1 al it Most of the leaf produced in Me country is used 

domestically, and makes China largely self-sufficient as fa r 

as leaf is concerned. The country's leaf exports increased to 

69.`;16 manes in 1991 from 33931 tonne ; in 1990. 

China is also the world's largest cigar- :'r : producer wit h 

1 .5535 trillion pieces manufactured in :)91 . The government 

has placed strict controls on ci :_•ate manufacture . 

Many factories have been closed down and productio n 

stopped of 200 low-guali ;r cigarette hr_rd ; . 146 manufao. 

'urine plants all over the country prdnec almost 3000 

different brands of cigarettes and cigari . 'a hich are mostly 

sold regionally Of the 146 factories . 16 are stared to has e a n 

installed capacity of more than 25 mill'. : n pieces annually . 

130 with a caaaciry of less than 25 biL: : pieces each an d 

the remaining smaller plants operatic_ to supply a loca l 

area . The main factories have been ref _rnished to operat e 

at very high standards . Cigarettes are divided inn:, fit c 

68 


quaii :t eradc, t \ : : L l .tnsl c:ry tl :e count o•. ;as . 

lmports of cie .ir- . .es arc hen nett iii, oerte ; . rte :pt, 

such as duty-free . tourists. etc 

To substitute for imported c :O.irct :es. higher _alit : grin 

dueis are bein g m : nef.ic;ur: ;l This is a sear. ;he ; atn ;u :ner, 

are able to spend more money on cigarettes . There are I n 

est;mated 300 smokers in Chum . British style \le : - 

ma cigarettes are traditional leaders of he ;ner :et . wis h 

blended cigarettes increasing in pcpu!arits u -n.ne )nun; 

smoker ; \lore then 17 per cent of men and 5 5 per ten : i d 

women smoke in China and more and more of China' s 

adolescents arc hiking up the hahit . with 2U per Bent al read:. 

smirking . 

Growing heath concerns has led to greater perched:, : f 

higher quality kilter cigarette ; and a raising market there 

for light cigarettes. a!lhou_h higher profit margins and a 

lack of quality tobacco fns !ur the manufacturing of prodaet; 

in the cate_er ;es C to E ; loner qualityl Foreign knots - 

how has been brought into the country thratoc- ioi g tentures 

with companies front the CS and Europe. Centra l 

get ernment is puttin g pressure on the tohace .s indu ;try : o 

manufacture a h'ire-r proportion sif finer aria ;ow-tar cigarettes 

for health -eaeons . A major constraint on more filte r 

cigarette production is the shortage of fid'er material . This 

led to the establishing of a joint-venture tsit'r. a L S compan y 

to blild a plant for the domestic production of acetate toss . 

Cigarette smuggling is a major concern for manufacturers 

and the government : the black market trade is re - 

ported to have cost the Chinese authorities more tha n 

[:SS I .I billion in lost rescnue . 

Chinese cigarette exports have been increasing rapidl y 

over the last few tears and are encour .iged bs the got err,meat 

: in 1991 exports stood at 14000 millicr ; . lmpotn > 

declined t 6000 million pieces in 1991 . Imported cigarette ; 

can only be sold to purchasers using foreign eachanee certi - 

ficates or hard currency . Esport ; are expected to increase . 

On 29 June 1991 a new late on the Chinese Toh .icco 

Monopoly was ad:pted by the Session of the Standing Cumittee 

of the 7th National People ; Congress . It pros ides fo r 

the coordinated development of all sector of the Chines e 

tobacco industry with a highly centnilit,ed organi ;.itional 

structure. Le pisla :ion banning smoking in public places an d 

on public transport will take effect or. I July 1992 . Th e 

anti-smoking last passed by the National People ' s Congress 

. also bans schoolchildren from smoking . 

STATISTIC S 

1988 1989 1990 199 1 

Leaf Tobacco (Tonnes) 

Production 210000 0 _00 .501) 19250, i 23010000 

Exports 21554 26063 3393 ; b951 0 

Imports :5590 1 1 284 169-1 116 t 4 

Cigarettes t Million Pieces) 

Production I5 ., 350 1576ikt) 1630`00 155350 0 

Esports 1592 2553 6h - 0 1355 9 

Imports 9500 5100 390i; 5700 

Cigars (Million Pieces) 

Prod action I lts45 _J - 7 .57 I 7 41 .9e 412 .9 6 

Exports 0 U 0 0 

Imparts if Il n 0 

Cut Tobacco . Chatting Tobacco. Snuff tTcrtesv 

Production na n .i r. _ n .i 

Esports nil na ca n a 

Imes rte na na re na 

3/9 2

® 3/92 

GENERAL TRAVEL DATA 

) Met z 

L._ 411 

Orleans 

0• • Fleury-les-Aubrai s 

Nantes • Dijon 

Bergera c 

Bordeaux 

• 

• 

Sarla t 

Tonneins • 0 Lavardac 0 0 

• 0 

O r+• f 0 Colomlers 

Population 55627000 

Capital Pari s 

Currency French Franc (FF). 1 FF — 100 centime 

s 

Exchange Rate 5FF I US S 

Time GMT + I hou r 

Country Tel . Code 3 3 

Calls throad 19 + country cod e 

Main kirperts Paris — Roissy/Charles de Gaulle , 

Orly ; Marseille — Marignane : Lyo n 

Satolas ; Strasbourg — Entahei m 

Visa Regulations Visa required of all visitors . except 

EC nationals and some American , 

African and Far Eastern countries . 

Check with your local embass y 

Vaccinations None require d 

Dri s ing Licence International driving licence required 

of all visitors . except national s 

of EC countrie s 

Language Frenc h 

Climate Temperate in North ; summer 19°C, 


Rlo m 

Public Holiday s 

Tipping 

Electricity Suppl y 

Trade Contac t 

Governmen t 

Statistics 

International 

Organisation s 

• Lyon att~ 

._ .) Str bour g 

irk 

/ 

17honomtes-Bain s 

'lam 0 

[ *Grenobl e 

1 

FRANC E 

winter 3'C, Mediterranean in South ; 

summer 23'C, winter S'C 

I Jan . : 19 . 20 April : I IS. . 28 May : 7, 8 

June ; 14 July ; 15 Aug . : I . I I Nov. ; 2 5 

Dec. 

Hotel sta ff, restaurants and taxi s 

IS's, porters FF5 .00 

220 volt s 

Chamber of Commerce . 27 Are d e 

Friedland . 75352 Paris Cedex 08 . Tel. 

I4289 7 00 0 

INSEE Institut National de la Statistique 

et des Etudes Econemiques . 1 8 

Blvd Adolphe-Picard . 75675 Pari s 

Cedex 14 Tel . 14540 121 2 

The Council of Europe . B P 431 R6 , 

6'006 Strasbourg Cedex . Tel . 

88614961 : fax 8836 - 05' ; tele x 

87094 3 

ICC International Chamber of Commerce. 

33 Cours Albert ler . 7500 8 

Paris. Tel . I49 5 : :S28 ; fax 

14225+1663 : telex 65077 0 

[EA International Enerev A g ency. 2 ► 

69

IRftNCE 

TOBACCO INDUSTRY DAT A 

rye AndreiPascal . - 5775 Paris Code x 

6 . Tel 1452495 7 3 . fax 145249988 : 

!ties 630190 

OECD Orgenisetlon for Ecore :Mc 

Co-operation and De•:cloprnent . 2 

rue Andre-Pascal . 5775 Pans Cede s 

16 . Tel . 1-15248200 : fax I45243500 : 

;Ilex 6 :016 0 

UNESCO United Nations Educa . 

tional . Scientific and Cultural Org 

enisation . 7 Place de Fontenov. 

75007 Paris . Tel . 145681000 ; fa x 

145671690 

European Commcnity Publications : 

Service des Publications des Commu . 

names Europeennes . 26 rue Deseix. 

757 :7 Paris Codex 15 . Tel . 

1 40 53 75 00 ; fax 1 405357 4 

Contact Association of EC Cigarette Impor . 

ter — GFCC (Groupement de s 

Fournisseurs Communautaires d e 

Cigarettes). 39 Avenue (Siena . 7511 6 

Paris . Tel . I 4- 234005 : telefax 

147 :04903 

Association of French Tobacco Retailers 

(Confederation des Chambres 

Syndicates des Debitants de Tabac d e 

France, t8 rue de Leningrad, 7500 6 

Paris. Tel . 145 2:94 66 

CORESTA Centre de Cooperation 

pour Its Recherches Scientifique s 

relatives au Tabac. 53 Quai d 'Orsay. 

75340 Paris Cede\ 07 (Ii . Tel . 

145566019 : fax 145566230 : telex 

250604 F 

Association of French Tobacco Growers' 

Co-operatives (Union des 

Cooperatives des Planteurs de Taha c 

de France . 19 rue Ballu, 75009 Paris. 

Tel . 145260182 : fax 1428) 1686 : 

telex 622991 FRAN1AB F 

Tobacco Grown Dark tobaccos, Burley, Virgini a 

Growing Season Sowing in March . growing from th e 

beginning of May to the beginning o f 

June, according to regio n 

Harvesting Mid-July to September (Virginia) : 

Season August (dark tobacco and Burley ) 

Parking/Selling September to November (Virginia) : 

Season November to February (dark air - 

cured ) 

Health Warnings Since f January 1992 all packs of cigarettes 

manufactured after that dat e 

must carry health warnings tha t 

cover at least 4 per cent of both fron t 

and back of pack . The front must 

carry the warning very harmful to 

health - . The back must carry five alternating 

warnings . -Smoking cause s 

cancer", "Smoking causes cardio-vascular 

diseases - . "Pre g nant women : 

smoking harms the health of you r 

child" . -Smoking harms thos e 

around you -Don't smoke if you 

want to be health y 

70 


The name .sarrtngs .ill apply t o 

racks of ,lairs and , .r,okirg :ohacc o 

from 31 December 1993 . Since I Jaauery 

1992 ,Aâcco acd fine-cu t 

picks met ; ;arrt the '.yarning "Ver y 

hurmfu! to healtn on the tax stam p 

on the beet of the ; :n or pouch . 

Adsertising Total edser : .sing ban on te :evision . 

Restrictions radio and in cinemas. A print medi a 

ban ccmes into effect on I Januar y 

1993 . 

Main Scita Societe natior.ale d'Eaploitatio n 

Manufacturers Industrie :le des Tabacs et Allumcne s 

Leading Cigarette Gauloises Brunes, Marlboro . Gitane s 

Brands Brures . Peter Stuy .esaat . Camel Friters. 

Gaulcises Blondes. Gitanes 

Blondes . Royale . Philip Morris . 

Rothman s 

Leading Cigar Hat-mhos . Ninas . Mecca :111o t 

Brand s 

TOBACCO INDUSTRY PROFIL E 

France grows significant quantities of dark air-cured . Bur. 

leg and Virginia tobaccos . The main production areas ar e 

Aquitaine/Dordogne (Bergerac. Sarlat . Lot-et-Garonne , 

Landes). Alsace (Bas-Rhin : Ebertheim . Obernai, Hochfelden). 

Midi-Pyrenees (Lot, Aveyron . Tarn . Gera), Rhene- 

Alpes (Isere, DrOn:e). Less significant growing regions are 

Poitou in the Loire Valley and the Depanernentdu Nord . I n 

1991 a total of 10560 hectares were under tobacco cultivation, 

producing 28769 tonnes of leaf . Of this total . 1855 2 

tonnes were dark tobaccos. 5523 :onnes were Virginia and 

4089 were Burley. 

An approximate 10000 farmers grow tobacco in France : 

they are all organised in one of 11 regional cooperative s 

belonging to the French Union of Tobacco Co-operatives . 

The Union co-ordinates sales of all tobaccos produced i n 

France . The Union is very unhappy about the general re . 

duction in leaf quotas within the EC . 

French leaf is either sold through a co-operative after a 

first drying by the farmer or throu g h the Union after manipulation 

at the green leaf processing plan ; of the Union a t 

Sarlat . 

A tobacco research institute is based in Bergerac . 

Approximately 60 per cent of all leaf produced is used b y 

Seita, the sole manufacturer of tobacco products in th e 

country . The remainin g 40 per cent are exported . 

Leaf production totalled 28 290 tonnes in 1990 . Exports 

were down 7 per cent from 1959 to 10773 tonnes. Th e 

leading leaf export markets were Germany . Belgium/Luxembourg 

and the l .S. A further slight decline in export s 

occurred in 1991 to 10 500. Leaf imports rose by 6 per cent 

from 1989 to ;990 to 31845 tonnes. Much of the rise i s 

attributed to larger purchases of flue-cured tobacco as consumers 

turn from dark cigarettes to American-blend 

brands. The 1991 import figures is approximately 3000 0 

tonnes . 

The only manufacturer of tobacco products in France . 

Seita . produces approximately 56000 million cigarettes annually 

. American-blend products account for about 15000 

million pieces . Growing consumption of American-blen d 

products . which new hase an approximate 64 per cent o f 

the market . is expected to increase substantially in the nex t 

few years, offsetting. a decline in the output of dark cigaret - 

tes . 

Scita holds 51 .6 per cent of the French cigarette market , 

44.5 per cent of the cigar market and 69 per cent of the pip e 

3/92

ern : ftnc-c .: . segment . yf act iries are run 6s the enterprise 

for the manufacture o f igereaes . cigars and scefer!ui s 

(pipe tobeeeo and fine-cat Cigarettes are manufactured i n 

Lily . \,rotes . Riorn .Tcrtneins .Chateaurous and Dijon . :h e 

laver due to close in la :e 1993 . Cigars are produced i n 

Morlaix aril Strasbourg . pipe tobacco and fine-cut ar e 

munufactated in Metz . Ali domestic and imported prod art s 

are distributed by Seita to the 385011 points-of-sale . 

An estimated 17990000 adulu smoke in France . appee vt - 

matcl . 40 per cent of the adult population . An increase has 

been noted in the proportion of regular female smokers an d 

an equivaien : decrease in the proportion of male smokers. 

Per capita eensumptior stands at 1695 pieces annual : : 

From the sears 1975 to 1988 consumption droppeu b y 

almost 41) percent . maini ;, because of a decline in the con - 

sumption of dark cigarettes. Over the last three years. 

American-blend brands have been grousing in popularity 

and nosy account for 64 per sent of the market . 

'Consumers are not onlu smoking more American-blen d 

cigarettes . hut they are also turning to lighter . filter-tipped . 

blonde brands. Howeter . a domestic dark tobacco cigarett e 

brand still leads the market . 

Sales of pipe tobaccos in France totalled 4933 tonnes i n 

1990 . representing 5 per cent of overall consumption o f 

manufactured tobacco . A :etal of 69 brands are on offer . I n 

the same ;car fine-cut sales stood at 2290 tonnes . The tren d 

in favour of mild smoking products is also increasing in thi s 

sector and are especially p opular with younger smokers . 

After introducing a total ban on advertising . the Frenc h 

Health Minister. Claude Evin . pushed a law throu g h parliament 

against the abuse of tobacco in 1991 . but promul ration 

.s ill take time as loud protests are being voiced from al l 

sides . The law foresees a ban on smoking on all forms o f 

public transport. including domestic flights of Air France. 

in all public buildings and at all public events . Restaurant s 

will 

. 

be obliged to provide smoking and non-smoking sea : - 

mg. 

STATISTICS 

1988 1989 1990 199 1 

Leaf Tobacco (Tonnes ) 

Production 29357 29216 28295 2657 3 

Exports 12788 11532 10773 10500 

import ; 33131 30163 31845 31000 

Cigarettes (Million Pieces) 

Production 5330 7 54225 55495 56500 

Exports 3570 5198 7565 10000 

Imcnr.s 43262 45902 47879 48500 

Cigars (Million Pieces) 

Production 629 678 750 n a 

Exp'rts 30 27 20 na 

Impoits 757 566 490 n a 

Cut Tobacco, Chewing Tobacco . Snuff (Tonnes) 

?reduction 4184 na na 

n a 

=sports 16732 17235 na n a 

mports 1857 8013 na na 

ADDRESSE S 

LTR INDUSTRIES . 7 Avenue Ingres . F-75016 Paris. 

•Q' 0,14143200 . FAX 11)44143249.3 640314 F TA- 

BRE C 

3/9? 


EXANC E 

PAPETERIES DE >IALALCEAE. 7 Avenue Ingress 

F- 7 5016 Paris. '[2 (1)44143 2_00 . FAX (1)44 143249, 

. 610314 F TABREC . 

PAPETERIES DE MACDCIT, 7 Avenue Irerus . F-7501 6 

Paris . (1)44143200 . FAX 11)44143249_ . 640314 F 

TABREC . 

NOTES 

7 1

ADDRESSE S 

Manufacturers of Machinery , 

Equipment and Supplies for the Tobacco Industr y 

ECUSTA ALSTRA \ PT-Y LIMITED . 

Amax A'.enuc 2-1 . a : .S-Girrawe :- NS\V 

2145 . tat )021 63653" 7 AA 240 -i. FA X 

(1)2) 688 15 !S . 

SHORKO ACSTRA._ :A PTti - LI\I TED . 

Penrose Street 47A. A _S-Lane Co'.: NSW 

966 .'9'(0__)4_'01 : : .^ icL(61 :)12"0322, 

FAX (021413133 ' 

cQhsTndag 

'11721AND 

BERNDORF BAND GESMBH . Lecbersdorfer 

StraBe 26 . A•1560 Bercdarf, 

(02672) 2930, FAN . 02672) 41 76 . 

• feschilufvhan : Herr D1ol ..fng. Rupee Harrriiher, 

Hen Dipl: Ing Hrrben 

Ne u g bdnder an Edotsuol . Eshlrnsrofnuhl odor Tita n 

Bo Transport . and Prnregnes).r. 

DR. FRANZ FELRS-E1\ GMBH . A-4050 

Traun, 4 10 2 2291 2 7 3 :-1 7 121931, FA X 

(0 2 229) 24 76. 

H .B . FULLER AUSTRIA GES . MOE) . Kaplanstra3e 

30. Posh: :`: 214, A-2600 Weis, 

▪ (02242) 409-0, 3 25 469, FAX 4 2 296 . 

KALI-EXPORT G\!3H . Linke \\ intreile 

236. Po>Ifach 8. A-1 :53 \Vien, 4(891) 1 2 16. 

s 136141 rota a, FAX )894) 1713 . 

KOPP VAKIJUMTECHNIK . tine Division 

de . AICHELIN INDUSTRIEOFENBA U 

GLS~IBFI .Tensch;r.> :ra0e 5, Postfaci 158 , 

A-I 232 Wien. IT03 , 22 :6 16255 2_, FAX (43 ) 

:226165465 . 

00 

(2j 

OSTERREICHISCHE ZIGARETfENFIL- 

TERGESMBH . P0 3 :-c 230 .A-10 :0 Wien , 

4 2146172_ 7 1355 :3 . FAX 21434 2 2. 

7inantten6hrr ao .s 7.rllul .,•rl ns.t odor Zril.rolf . noppel - 

Purr odor Sprrialriltrr cur Zi ;arrrtrn. 

RACCOLT :\, 5402N AR & GREINE R 

GMBH . Alliienen.t :.? : 2 -4.A-102 . Wien , 

Sd 2149201-0 . 

72 


SA S 

SCHIFF & STERN KG. Haidectra0e 3a . 

A-IIiO Wien, 4 76151$, FAX 76151560 . 

1.COS T.NLMiI) DCC Tabahhondirinnirran lager . 

2.Horh.akuum .TabakheDathrunbsanlaaen T1 RBns AC . 

3.konrinairr1iehe L'akunm .Befrurhtrnga.Magr n 

CON-MiaC. 

1.CONTT'G'IID tubarco Coadirionrrs S,arrm DCC . 

2. Hi` h-s mount tobacco Humidifiers TCR3OV SC . 

3.Continuors Vacuum Humidifier CO\T1%4C . 

Tannpapier 

TANN-PAPIER GESMBH, A-4050 Traun, 

(07229) 2731 . 3 222741 . FAX )07229 ) 

2476 . 

All find, al tipping paper tlth and .it host nnrprints — 

Iaminated ripping — perforated ripping (Orono prnorsdua, 

microbus, . macrnraerhaaicai and micrnnrchanlcal 

perforalionl — paper innrrlinrr . 

TEICH AG, Nliihlhofen 4, A-3 :00 Obergrafendorf, 

4 (2747) 843.1-0 . 7' 015 54 6 

ceimue, FAX (2747) 8484/433 . 

Aluminiam roil for soft parks and hinge Bd pscy. 

Wattenspapie r 

PAPIERFABRIK WATTENS GESELL- 

SCHAFT M.B .H ., A-6112 Wattens. (0 ) 

5 22 4595, 3 533741 ciwal a, FAX (0 ) 

522452474. 

Cigarette paper, plugueap paper . 

CRIB TRANSPORT N .V ., Meir I, 8 . 2000 

Antwerpen . 4103) 2 2_321 1 I . 

HL'MITAB BV BA ., 5.loskoevlaan 17 .B-296 0 

St. Jab in 't Goof.. 4 (031 66376 2_1 . FAX 

6636260 . 

ILLOCHROMA o 

ILLOCHROMA SA, Rue du Chateau d' O r 

13 . &1190 Brussel, Z. 3223700311 , 

323031 . FAX 3223783215 . 

P}IILI'fAB N 

PHILIT :,BN .V,IFi, :e' . ; st6.B . . a00 :\r :werpen, 

•~ (3) :3:4- . . S 330 . 3 . F \ \ 

_32030o . 

Westvaco 

WESTVACO EL. ROPi-. 5 A.. As . s;e Ter - 

Vucren 296 D. B- IiSO B- ;saels. 1 :2 .2 1 

7712017.7 231 74. FAN 32-2) - 5:5 1 58 . 

Paper and Board io)pI er to :hs foraccn indoor . — F.,r 

soft packs : iierling CIS "pet .;trite -A arise' mini mg,. 

— For nip-sop boats : Prio : .ore SBS board ipm-utt — 

after printing). 

BERNAL'ER SECADORES INDLS- 

TRIAIS LTDA. . Prap \Vi)hc(m Bern.e :r , 

Vila Prudence 37 . BR-9 :121 Sao Pauio . 

'n. (011) 2_'47066.301 : 124435 C1AB BR . 

FAX(011)2747416.f0!ii726 2 19. 

FERSOL IND. E COME .RCIO LTDA. . Ra a 

Dr . Eduardo de Souza Ar :nha. 153-2° ac1a: 

BR-Sao Pau!o SP -- 04543 . V(011)8281345 . 

3 (01!1 32752 (61 ;( 3 . 2 60, FA\ 02 : ' 

8204454 . 

FILTRONA BRASILE!R.\ . As . Guar_ciranga 

1063 . BR-0476_ Srcrro, Sto . Arrar,, . 

SP. '12 24625 53, 7 5 7 F :4 . F .\X 5 :377 O5, 

M .S. INSTRCMEN-rOS INDLSTRIAI S 

LTDA. Estrada das Farhat 1895 . BR- :054 1 

Alto da Boa Vista Rl . 10 2_)) 39905 SS . 

FAX (021) 25805 20. 

CIA . IND . DE PAPEL PIRAHY . Rua Sa o 

Salvador 49, Laranjeirls . BR--2:231 Rio d e 

Janeiro. RJ, Caixa Prsla; 16075.4 (021 ) 

2657312, . (021) 2 : 77 3. FAX (02! ) 

28564 4' . 

AGRO-SPRAY CHEMICALS LIMITED . 

P.O. Bet 130- Cedar Scree! 40, CDN-TillaonhurROnt 

. . N4G 4H3, tPt5 19184 2 53 08,FA X 

(5191 688 04 56 . 

EDELSTEIN DIVERSIFIED CO LTD . 

Mount Vernon Street 2) . CDN-Ville St 

Pierre, Que., H8R li o . T1( 15131 3S9a6J9• 

FAX (514) 4899'0' . 

• Sum EJrbt.ia, Prrsiden c 

Edelstein Di>enilied SpeNalitira ltd ., Rn .+ell s•e. I'll t 

L nit E. 13. LSS-Chinn . (Ael 1714!6ar .F\\ 

(70162771 5)). 

3/9 2

ENI BALLAGES L7.',5 SON M-1RDO\ 

MONTREAL-G - :r. :!5 .) .CD\-Lac - 

Que . HST 31515 . - 631 :64- . F A X 

(514)6315 7 60 . 

FOP.0 E\TER?A .SES LTD .. Gr :`._c t 

Bell 14 5 0. CDN-3 : : :'-er. i!k . Qeebec. 1• B 

6H ` 

KT INDUSTRIES LTD . \k411 S(ree: Si) 1 ! . 

CD\-wlrnipei. 315ac5na . R3E :R':) . 

" (204) 783 7 2 1 7. FAX (204) 783 8270 . 

AT drug. J. menu. tapes S oilier film produces for th e 

tobacco indml n . LT specialises in printing, slitting, lami . 

noting d winding nano• •idea films onto parroted STEP. 

PACs phg, to provide long lengths for cuntinunas menu . 

Products include printed. plain J. pressure sensitise tear 

lopes. coloured films F. ,pecialn lopes with. mu18

ADDE ES £ E S 

LTR INDLSTRIPS. A .cr.ue Ingre s 

F-75016 Pars . (I) 44 133 :01,. 3 (.403 :4. 

FAX 11) 4-414 3219. 

LTR ISD(5)R1ES offer, -RE IDh•F0-L:SE- nconslilutrd 

mbar* filler made our non ran material . or pr,. 

teen .an materials supplied b, n n .mmrrs . 11 . nff . r 

cu .lomurd finer . of .ad*w n pig : Fine-cured. Rana . 1 ., . 

tend, blend, . Our tobacco Dller, can be manufactured •il h 

ion or alua-lute tor and controlled nicotine and the) ar t 

. . ;table for ,igarrllr,. Minn. pip . and cul Inbacco. ;tr. 

coal. LTR I\DCSrRIm ;s has also de .elnped Rrcon• 

,Utusrd Seems. 

y~~ ./3.~ ..7'~~.~ •.Sh 

\1ALALCF\E :P.APETERIES DE NIA- 

LAL'CE\E . Avenue Ineres 7 . F-250!6 Paris. 

!F (11 44143200, 7 640314 . FAX (I ) 

44143249. 

1.lalaucine off., a rang, of special and cotoored cigarett e 

and plug neap paper. in addition to tipping paper. Al l 

products some from the hlalaurnne mill in the South hl 

France . Emphasis is Mien io the \IICROL-1SE R r .%N D 

%lACROI-1SF R . perfneaird tipping. \lalauctne pion - 

rend In,, tipping p .rfonnnn lot controlled .entilation of 

clgartne filter.. C' %licrola,ra \lacrolaaer . Aquafuge. 

AgoAinge. Suntip L \I .laucine. Aliorosprn . Alacro .pra) 

me trndent . .ks of Papteries de hlataucdne. 

PD .1 .'PAPETE.RIES DE \IALDl .IT . Ascnuc 

(nuts 7. F-75016 Pars .ft 11)44 14 3200. 

3640314 . F .AX (1) 44 143249. 

POSt .,(lrn a cnmpletr range of uniform pap. for in. 

cigareer. mdusan :IanduJCkaulseta- . Bering- and ~ellofanirr • 

maschinen. Filtenlnsan- and Zed .tobolceinschlsgmr 

amen. ., \ erpaekungsm .sehlnrn. Bandtabakaatapn . 

ALFRED BLIE\lEL G\IBH & CO KG . 

Sophtenstra0c 28 . W--2902 Rasrede . 

I' 104 4 02) 23 r 4. FAX (04402) 53385 . 

BLL\I .BALSCHER_ Sr, oking-Cigareuen - 

paFier . S. hus:ergasse 18,W -6 i 00 Darin st .Jt. 

'la(0e151)24I)1_. FAX(06151)_'S4 '_6. 

H . BOHLMEIER & CO . GMBH KG . Karlonuaeniabfik 

.Offseldruck .0eppings Brin k 

29. \W'-4933 Kirchlencern 4. * (05 2__31'01 1 . 

79313177 . FAX (05 22 3) 7022 . 

HEIR- BORGWALDT GMBH . Postfach 

540'0 : . Schnackenhurgallee 15 . \V-200 0 

Hamburg 54 . 'C' (040) 8531380, 7 21443 9 

heiho d . FAX (040)550 5600 . 

Labor rr3lnl Ravrhme .chines Cerrito ror dle Dorchfuhmpg 

,on 0.aochanal>s,n. pIt),ikallscM Ma:5r," rot 

QaalirLskontroltn. Tabak-FeockllekrilsaneBgerilr . 

Ingndlrnrir, . Zusuntoffe for die Zigarntea-, ZigarrenuM 

Rauc mabnkladnnlrie. Aroma, Sautenarot,rn . Lankrrprodukte, 

ieichmacber, Bnndmltlel, tinnsent .uoesmittel 

. Bandrabalna.nur . Tabakaenrdd'.. Tabnkfnll r 

BRABE`,DER OHG . Kultuntrale 51-55 . 

W3100 DcishUrg I . IT 0491 203735010 . 

1555603. F .\3% (4912037330149. 

BRIBE? DFR Moisture T,,rre Typ tiO for the o.art an d 

dlnct dne .minuin n of the mnisru,n in Inborn ror Isbor a - 

tnrs and punt . ,e .teed for',,. In Ib . tobacro mdu,' 

In b, lhr 1 .rnpramn I,nr C.,mmnniu in 16. .0. 

Ilhrir tr*•rl gy n. •, I . rt. :nhrr " 

BR WADI R R•uan Pal„rirrr ,.,t.m %131m lot , cilia•_ 

Inhaeen :o .•rs and man, ,rte . produces for .sampir in 

d.tr.rn,nall n, and nlh.r panP„e, . 

Blt\\DI \C \19 ;Lis re (other Sira(?z 3 : 

W- III - rte . I I 11 0 41 55I, ::- 

_7 0230 :1 . FAX 4: .n In , 

C()\TR-\F-\IC O T _ \- Tl )BACCO G\184. 

RoBk_n; ,inPe : P ; 34 . \1- 1 1 0 

H_IIf ru.'r- r Iii - ` 3 . ... : 

DET ; .\ DFGF.SCH G\1BH . P .O. B o% . 

\V .694 - Laude .1 100 2 011 705- 0 . 

S 465 F \X (0r1 .'1 , 

• \lanas,cg Dir.lon : %Bird ‘Iessmrr . Dr. Minim a 

Vnigt, Rutf i.au,l . 

Production of products for the control of pest . in store d 

goods . 

Brand ncmn' Phosrnsin' . \Iat *sin'. nrgrsch Plau, ) 

Strips•. Delia t;as-Es'. 

DITZEL 

Werkzeeg' und Masemnenlabrik Gmb H 

DITZEL \V ERKZECG- C\D MA- 

SCHI\ENFABRIK G\IBH . Otto•Hahn - 

StraBe I . \V-6369 S :haneck 1 . * 10615 - ) 

4803 .0. s 4184 $ " ml J . FAN (06157 1 

43 03 3 0 

• Heine D1 .nl. „enter thlrt L 

Rotntinoal cutting roll .rs for inner frames. Profile in 

gmand finish . True In .i :hin 'LS'P mm . Finish griadin: 

...Oct. K ni t. mums lot packing machine, and makers i n 

supempred steel or carbide Loud bearings for packin g 

machines and makers in ,reel . carbide, ceramic. aluminium 

and plastic . Heal-lesi,tanl non-,lick coating.. carbide an d 

ceramic toar.ngw Spec iA aopliancn . format tool son ac - 

cording to custom . bpecdicatiom- 6enrr.l otechaalin g 

ia, packing machines loci . electrical modincatfoa ,SPCI . 

>i loon %sums for 'motifs u,urance in padunlon . 

DORNBLSCH G\IBFI. Ain Selder 31 . 

W-41s : Kempen I . t' 1021521 515(1 5 1 

: 853 :-:S . FAX 1 021521515394 . 

FRIEDRICH DOSSMANN G\IBH & C O 

KG . \len%:ener StraBe :5-40 . Posifec h 

1455 . D-5560 Isec1,'in . (02371) 79? . 3 

782756n . FAX 1023-h :4 1 

DRAIGOCO 

l 

DRAGOCO GERBERDING & CO . 

GMBH . \V-3454 H I.mindcn . Ct (05531 ) 

704302 . 3 9, 43536 DRAG D. FAX 704341 . 

EFK.4RERKE FR!TZ KIEH\ G\IBH . 

Postia:4 125 1” . W--2)S Trossingen. 

(07 4351 :S-0. 7 "rat)'(5 . FAX {07425 1 

20254 

3/9 2

~► 

tenter/ein 

ENTERLEI\ G\MBH . S cIens,lfall e '_ 

14 . 015 7 Reinke .: . Ca I0i 4I i 2273 - 2-0. 

3 217932 eren d . FAX 11)111 "2271 1 4 

Sperialpapiere fur die Zi .arelton,n duct,. . in,brnndcre 

Sl and .to:ke fur Zicartnrn. r .t\ s . iupa.trip. ,eib .t• 

klebender Aufrei0,treif .n . 

ELROPA CARTON . VerSaut ;ber o 

Munchen. Pettenk :i :rstraEr : - a . W•6513(1 

\iunehen 2. 10891 53u'1 :3 ; . FAX (959 1 

53"91 3 

filkr .no 

FILTRO\'A FILTER GMBH . GutenberestraBe 

5—9 . W-205" Reinbek . IT (040 ) 

72 -07221 .7217551 . FAX 7270724/ 

FOCKE & CO . (GMBH & CO I, SiemensstraBe 

10. W-2810 Verden .'A11er . 8.° 104:31 ) 

891-0 . .724201 fopac u . TTX 4:31 22 toped. 

FAX (0423115061 and 346 1 

FROWEI\ G\IBH & CO . . Am RelsIttac h 

83 W-7470 Albstadt 2 . 13' 10%321 :044 . 

.7 743218 FROWEIN. FAX (0743 :1 3499 . 

8tM Bioaide Deamolln 0 Deonul-fum 0 Turbotpraler . 

Modern produce ant tgaipmen for control of tobacco 

moth, and Tobacco Made , 

Produil .• et egoipemenl ondernt, pear la lone cootre (e s 

pmles el In lasiodermes du table. 

Modena Prod . kte uad Gerir. cur Beklmprune,on Taba kmolten 

and Tabakkafern. 

1-LB FALLER EL ROPE . An der Rote n 

Bleiche 2—3, Postfach 2050. 1V'-2120 Luneburg. 

JLLIUS GLATZ GMBH . Papierfabriken . 

W-6731 Neidenfels. * (063 2 5) 182 .0 . 

945516 glu d . FAX (063 25) IS 21 ?I .Ca'sles : 

Glatz Neidenfels-Pfalz. 

Fdr die Zigartlle : Z.igaretirnpaplere io ,enthiedenen Po 

n.rtunatufen : Fiurrumbutlung,paplere fdr allt Filter - 

an. and Sla,chinenlnpen . ouch hochpnroe' Filerner• 

® 3/9? 


bundpapiere : Ba. . .p.p .orr fur karkmunds.acLbelae . 

cite Slunduuckbelaepapae a FF:11\AM . 

For the .i _arnle indu.ln •. C.gareue paper u . d e 

trees vl porosity : clue .rap and Eller romp, undpap. . . 

Ba.r papist in, cork imr,auon lippin_ . .Airy nppin e 

paper FE 01 01 . 

Pour clement.: Papir rte.ra dilfkenn Jr:rtsde 

prvte : Flamers pal nape Mors pour tnu . t . pet de f iltrr, e t 

d . machine . eaalement li•nble, en hour. par iri : Pa pi t 

,uppnrt,m„tation liege : Paper. bland. J•a .semMate Ima c . 

chene, FLIP) SI . 

GLEAM METALLIC PNPERS GMBH . 

Kaiaentra0e 30 . \V•j 0 Furth . 131911 . 

712 :54 . FAX 0)9) ) 61 - 83Z S 

HAAR\IA\\ & REI\IER G\iBH . RumohrcaStral3e 

! . 1c-3450 Holzn:inden . 

2 . 0 :531) "011 . F AN . 05531) 7 0164 9 

SILESIA GERH .\RD HAKE KG . . A m 

Alter Bach 20—224 . \1 .4040 Neess 21 . 

10 : :3 7 ) 7840. 3 51 - 716 sigh ;I. F .AN 

(0:)3 7 )')141 II . 

• E sonrt Sale, Slanaeer : SI r. N erner %ortmonn. Flnoues 

for the hole Food and Tobacco industn . 

A HEI\EN G\IBH . \faschiner.tzbri'n . 

Achtcrrst raIe I — I3 — !' . V4-3931) Varel I , 

4 (i4451) 1 2 20 . s :o''-4451110 Heinen. 

FAX . 04 4511 I ::' > 0 

HENKEL KGAA . R-CFG (Oleochem :cals). 

Henkeistra3e 6 VI-OtiO Dusseldorf 13. 

4 10211) 79749 -0 . F.-\.X (0211) 798 7 093 . 

Lielarpronramm fOr die Zigareneninduatrle - 

Produktyuppe: Zigarettrn mitlohne Filter. Taint: . 

Trlacelin : alt Pla,nciler Trlacerin Edenor GT. L. 

Gllcerin : alt Feuehthahrminel Glicmin PH .EI R. 9E $Y. 

Hertz 

CIP Flavors 

ALFRED N . HERTZ FLAVORS GMBH . 

P .O . Box 153 4 . Sen .' : :, :raBe 4, V. -2057 Reinbe 

-Hamburg . fi 1040) '_23151 - 

3 2'-565 . FAX 0.,401 - 222569. Cables : 

Herzbnnd Hambar c 

Top Floor Contralto .. Cm .ng Conccmrarn. Ca,ln; 

Add ..i,r. Fool. Enhancer for Natural Tobacco lroma . 

Smuotheners for loo. rude tobacco,. Seen Casino . Ca,- 

IngsrFlaeonrt fdr Homo .tnired Sheet . Bum additi ., ; to 

control comb uufoa . A rank Ca.iax, and Platoon. ria .nur• 

and Casings Inc Pip . Tobacco . :he ..iny and snuff 

/® Kkkkr.• vein Seit z 

KHS VERPACKL i NGSTECHNIK GMB H 

(Hau'tsitzI . PoslLich :10262 . EnzingerstraBe 

139. W-65 :0 \Vorms 21 . 2106247 ) 

79-0. 7 476612 ;c-'..o d. FA.\ (3624 7 ) 

-9.21 5 

KHS CERPACKL\GSTECH\IK G\1B H 

(Vert rich .. Post Lich 102111. AloeSira8e65 . 

\4-16i'Oi Dortmunc i . 34 (0331) 5185-0. 

lVl23 1 4 1 402 . FA\ (v1313 5 1 85-57 9 . 

• Bmneba.fn mad .) Hein : Richrrrich. 

Lieferpr rMramm : Palernermarchinrn ftir Aaromapen . 

Tra and t .ride 'Iehr•lo :kpackonptn fir tei,tuner n 

ton I$ bit a0 Finheiten pro Thom, . rnllautnmati.chr For - 

.tellung . Z.ischenlaceneinleger .P .letriermaevin e 

and andere 7 svlrrinnds runxn. laden- and palerlen .ei.e 

Mehrlinienpaleleierun . . Specialma .cbinn for Furmbrhal - 

ter. I .agenAommi .,ionirrm+.c hlnrn. Ffirdeneehnik tdr 

Reb ;ller . Gehinde and Palen on : nreh .laeionen. F :L .Ia - 

lionen . Sonkrechrfdrderer red . 

WALTER KNORR . P!::; I . VI-:631) Rem• 

schd)d . +021911111 :d : . 

W KOPP VERP \l_ KL\GS\I .\ - 

SCHI\E\, Infs . Lu .:'AFn f' G ,, Iler-Stet ;ene r 

Strode !I -11L . 14 07300 F,- 

- •1r'lii 3'20"I . 

j O~ :Sat 156 . F .\ X 

J\.:st~. U Imo, 

— j 

KORBER AG . Po,tfleh ` 1111160 . W- :050 

Hamburg 311 . :7 (040) 7 :5 . 01 . Code . Noun ! 

Hamburg. .7 21 .7 831 (11 : d . FAX (O-t O ( 

7250210 9 

LUBECKER CiG .ARETTENF .ABRI K 

GMBH. Drechslerlrade Posifj ;h 1301 . 

3c .2101 Lubeck . 21045 : . )90060.:. 262 7 6 

JWVE D . FAN 104511 8900635 . 

MAGEB .A TEXTILMASCHI\E\ VER . 

TRIEBSG\IBH . Pnora-.„crane 3 .W - 555fl 

Bernkastel-Kues. T 0)055 , :0-11 . 

*( 117131)4"01 .0 . 

MARBAC H 

IINININE11RIMSTANIFOAMTECHN/K 

KARL MARBACH GMBH — CO 

AUGUST-HAUSSER-STRASSE 6 

D . 710f) HEILBRON N 

TELEFON (07131) 4701 .0 

Komplrrin Staaannbeupaln 'or die Prodokrtnn coat 

Zigareuemerpackunern. 

RICHARD MEYER GMBH . Furniersehalwerk 

. Renchtalstra3e 15, W-. 592 Renchen I . 

1' (07843) 371 . FAX 10'843) 0319 . 

Zu hnindpenim.ite TSr riearr .nkhlen out 

Gabnfokoumt} one ledern bolt 

MEZGER HEFTSYSTE\IE G\IBH - CO .. 

Saeaner Strafe 24V. :01 \Srnher e -ef 53 . 

12109111834041' . s 6 :6 -000 mein J . FA X 

109111 83 48 71 . 

K .P . 4IL'NDI\GER G\IBH Lehenbuhl - 

Slr4Be 9, W-7253 Rennic .en . 4 10'159 1 

6039 + 6030. FAX 10715 9 ;8555 . 

Spreialmrbperihr roe Slalrriaifeu;hee . I ..Dfeachte and 

Temprnn r 

PIER-ELECTRONIC GMBH . Na.ssaustra0e 

35. W-6235 Hofheim-WaI!au. 

4)06( 2_21 2')51 . 

RADDON GMBH . Kalk,•lenslraIe 16. 

W-6483 Bad Soden-Sa( m iOnfiler 3. .2(06056 1 

8099 . s 4 184429 . FAX . 06,(5o) 4613 . 

ILL\'SIICH adbmi,e application equipment for c19 .ren. 

maker, filter rudmalers and pacing machines ; bibS - 

Sllf 11 mco. application unit.Ate cigarePr and sue r 

rudmakrr : precision machine part., 

RHEYDTER LITHDGRAPHISCH E 

KUNSTANST :\LT HEINRICH DELSSE N 

GVIBH & CO .. Gas,tr .i\e 17. W-1050 

\IuncheneladFach 22 .2102'66)490 I2 . FAX 

(022166) 49010 . 

7.lear : amatntunona : 5

ADDRESSE S 

Germany., 

( 

RH001A 

FIUEF 10 4 

RHONE-POULENC RHODIA AG . Dept . 

Filter Toss . EngesserstraBe 8. P.O . Box 13 :0. 

W-7500 Freiburg i. Br .. (0761) )11-0. 

9 7,21566 rhia d . FAX 10761) 5113871 . 

Teletex 761463 . 

Rhodia Filler Ton l .areuekabrl tar 7.Ig.re etileer l 

RIZLA VERTRIEB DEUTSCHLAND . 

Speicherstra'e I4a - 14b, W-3100 Celle . 

V 105141) 21 4001-3 FAX (05141) 266 35 . 

ROTOP.\CK GMBH, Ulmer StraB e 

184—188 . W-7000 Stuttgart I . 4 (0711 ) 

460810.7 723513, F.AX(0711)460842. 

• Ceschirbfxhrung : W . Babmsnn. E. Rbcab: 1'errrleb. 

eleiating : H.G. Petaald . 

LieferprrooRg amm : Kartaolasehelne (Htng.Lid) and Gebiodemoebailu 

In clinic DnaokauABhruagea. 

FRANZ SAOEVICLLER G IBH. Nord . 

straBe 30 . W-2935 Bockhorn. 'C (04453 1 

71691/71692 . FAX (04.153) 71693. 

MAX SCHLATTERER G\1BH & CO. KG . 

P .O. Box 1 2_65, W-79 22 Herbrechtingen . 

* (073241 15-0. 7 714834, FAX (073 :4 ) 

1515 . 

Endlne Formetbinder ass Leiden and keslarfnern fu r 

Zipretteo- lad FTlterfenigoag. Bescbichtne .iuslbhron- 

fib parish Papier. Saugbiader the 1'akaumbaespart 

fmdMllge. o Endlosbinder It, Anteieh and Transport. 

inches. Linn any Reeler Caroline. Tapes far Cigaeeuostd 

Filter-Pradaelloe . Coated Types for parole Paper . 

Svc Imo Tapes for Vacuum Trumpet Dram Linings. Drie r 

Brits, Coceeeur Bolls. Carriage Beada. 

irIll/ICI'/Ilutt a 

\'ASCHINE\FABRIK ALFRE D 

SCHNIER\1LND GMBH Sr CO .. Bragger . 

:cr Str13e :6—18. Pc+ties h :0611, W'.582 0 

CSa'.ehherz, 02332) 89) I . 

• I. Irish Schmrrmund . Chairman of tie Board of Dlrectort 

. 

Complrtepa

!-UTKARI NILLF :F :LTERS LIMITED . 

Hitkart House. SBS R : ::d 284 . IND , 

Bombes 400038. 1. 261405 :r. 405 1 

2614053 . .7 1011) .3-:o6 ; HFABIN , FA N 

9122261699 7 . 

indorses« 

1FF-PT ESSENCE INDONESIA . Tromol 

Pos 3008. JKT . RI-Jakor:a 10002 . V 162.2I ) 

850010 7 4, FAX (62-21) Of 16. 

PT SURYA ZIG ZAG . CIGARETT E 

PAPER MANUFACTURER . JI .Semampi r 

II- 1 . RI-Kediri . 12 (062) 35461192 61588 . 

931934 surzz ia . FAX 1062) 35461612 . 

Production of Cigarette Paper. PlvgwmP Paper and TIPping 

Paper . 

Ireland . 

IRISH CARTON PRINTERS LIMITED, 

Botanic Road 33 . I RL-G1asnes in. Dublin 9 , 

12 (01) 302244. .7 32536 . FAX 309852 . 

Please note : 

The company address entrie s 

are free of charge . 

Additional details are charged 

as follows : 

Original company log o 

(up to 56 mm / 2 5 .3 ) M. midth 

up to 15 trim 1½) in heigh t 

DM 11000 (US S 60 .60) - 

up to 25 mm 11") in height 

DM 170 .001 US 5 9 1 ' 1 I ' , 

Tex t 

(executives. prioduLos I 

up to 5 lines DM SO 0) 1 us S ,tolf." 

every additional lin t 

DM 1600 (US S 9 .00 1 

'.fsraeU 

FiAIF CHENIICALS LTD ., PO Box 1809 , 

t? 972-4-46963 4 

Penaocen of .5ono)-k- (Ixawtok the idea) free chinrid 

. remliane. 

e lOhOrc 

Itary 

- . 

CARTIER .; ROSSI S .P.A .. Motton S. 

Lorenzo . 1-3610 0 Vioenza.12(04 44) 545966 . 

nett .7 481143 . FAX (0444) 54522 1 

COMAS 

tobacco machinery 

COMAS S.P.A .. Via Condon 1 .1-31057 Sile a 

(Trevis4),12104 22)3605 14 .7410431 . FAX 

(0422) 36 35 64 . 

Complete leaf handling and processing plants — enm ~ 

wing mcuum m11"cco humidifiers — redoing and awnmode 

pocking plants — camphor threshing lines — pri - 

mo t.) plants : casing and nosoorl ng now rate co nit0l . Burley 

roasting limes (single and 1-apron mono . eontl .ou■ 

ni4ghlng systems for now control, CRS and cut tobacc o 

dryers Mlh sdanpoterized moisture and temperature con - 

trol. stem lln e", out atoms and lordaa esponsion son., 

bulldog and blending bins. or preconditioning ma .. 

pneumatic or mechanical feeding systems to maker . — 

RoccusstItuted tobacco plants . 

Dac4-d . 

DAVID INTERNATIONAL SRI. .. Via Bor. 

go, ioo. 1-22100 Como, Q 103)) 572003 , 

(031) 572118 . FAX (031) 27334 3 

Cigarette mloifiltem.cigor and cigarette bolder, . ligblers , 

lighter feel and goo . plea cleaner, 

FILTRATI S .P.A . Via L . Serra 32 .1-0015 3 

Roma . ,P 5S9 804 1, 06161 : 009. FA X 

(06) 581326 3 

Garbuio Queste r 

TO&A,7CO FPOC:SSOkG LE1C .YiNE ;v A .'S; PLANTS 

GARBL 10 S.R.L., Via S. Antonigo 352. 

1.31100 Treviso.f.? 104 22) 43 I 140 .3 420 542 

GARB I, FAX ( 0 1 2 2 ) 4 31 1 5 5 . 

Corn*te kW pencelsIngplants — Vacuum humidifiers — 

Complete Threshing fines — Separator, — Radioing an d 

Xutnnsarlc Packing (pressml Plants — Prlman Plans. — 

Bale Slicers — Condilioning .Casing and Flvooring Cy llm 

— Cornpuierited Process Control Coednoov s 

Weighing Sr sigma — lining Ss me ms . Balking and Blond- 

Ins Sites — Conroy on and libratoey Concmats — Feeders 

— Shakers — Factory Oe4go end In .lallaiian etc . 

G .D . S .P .A . Via Pornponia 115 . 1-4 0135 Bologna. 

V. ( 5 1 ) 4 2 9 1 1 1 . 7 511)143 GIDI I . 

FAX (51142)333 

, 

Isabella Mragemli . Ntragnoh. Sin e 

President and Managing Muster : Giancarlo /N. M .'s , 

mg,wig, Elgin Romano . thong :rag Directs" : 

Romano ( kimi, Cummersml Uirect■ir . Pissduet line : slathines 

and complete lines ft.r :Igor ., making and packing. 

Fucmry Wnomaoon 

NB 

GODIOLI & BELLANTI S .P.A ., 1-0601 2 

Citta di Castello . Perugia.* (075) 85213 31 . 

5' 600102 . FAX (075) .152 136 3 

Bulk fenders. Blending lines . Poison; liner. Condilionin g 

cylinders . Sand-reels, Blending silos. threshing line, Sion 

and scrap pruees.ing eq u ipment . Rados .", .kutomalm 

presses . Complete packaging lines . Casing and flasmoin g 

cylinders, klichens. Toaster* . Electronic "mhos belt, 

81elering rubes. Dolan drums fur cut taboo :a . Stem , 

lamina puffing equipment . 

NASTA S R .L .. Loc . BOI, 1-3 7 010 Pesin a 

(Verona) . 112 (045) 5 :41719 . 7 48223 1 

NASTA 1 . FAX (0451 1(739)94 . 

S.ASIB — TOBACCO MAC111NERY DIVI- 

SION . Via di Corticelia 89, P .O . Box 311 , 

140128 Boiogba . 11 10511 360404. 355561 . 

17 510020 SASIB . (0511 529419 . 

Cables : SASIB BOLOGN .A 

Cal tobacco feeding. making, paclong. 'rap ping, parcellin g 

and atoning machine". ease filling and pslfaeislng 

systems. Complete turn key projects . 

DRAGOCO JAPAN LTD ., Kokusai H(p - 

shinihonbashi Bldg . SF. 7—2 . Higashinihonbashi 

2-chome . Chuo-ku. J-Tckso 103. 

12103)385151 :0 . FAN 103138515130 . 

JAPAN CIGARETTE FILTER ASS .. Mor i 

Building No . 10. IS— I . 1 , ohome Tor :ncmon. 

I-Tokyo 105, 12 (03 1 

33012563 , FAX )03)35921)951 . 

.IT ENGINEERING INC . Horifur.r 

2-20-46. Kira-ku . I-Tokyo 114. 103 ) 

3911 1101 . 7102723666 IT ENG . FAX (05 ) 

3911100 

NEW TOHCELLO SHOJI CO .. LTD.. 

Vaesu Mitsui Bldg. 7—2 . Yaesu . 2-chome. 

Chuo-ku. 1-Tokyo. 12 103) 327464 92. FAX 

(03) 32720098 103, 327336 95 . (03 ) 

3231037 8 

SANK) MACHINE WORKS . LTD. . Sodacho 

Kanda 2—I I . Chiyoda-ku . J-Tokyo 101 . 

12103) 32538351 . FAX 10 :1 325708 2 3 

TAITO COVIP .AN-Y. LIMITED, Mor i 

Buildirs? No 30 . 2—2 .3-chyme . Torattomon . 

Minato-ku . J-Tokyo . 12103134381961 . FA N 

11)3) 34 38 !94 4 

TOKYO Al . TOMAT ;C MACHINER Y 

WORKS. LID . Ioarpotocho. 3 .1 0 

Chiyodo-ku . J-Tokyo In! . 111031 38(6717 1 

FAN (031 3563 5 ,194 

[Ul 3/92 77 


ADDRESSE S 

• Prrsfdrni : II . Sato ; nice Prr .td.nt I .ouisricc : T . lua - 

Ciiarrtte PackeriO+er wrapper . . Filter Plug Cun+r+in- 

Soslem, Seto Flanrnerc . C. .dr Da lac Cut C igarettr Paclm 

etc. 

TOPPA\ PRINTING CO . LTD .. 3—3 . 

1-c .".;me . Suido . Berk'.,-.- :u . 1-T.tk}o . *103 1 

35! - 3444 . 

COLOIRPACKAGI\G LIMITED . Baba 

Doge Road. Ruaraka. P O . Box 13?43 . EAK- 

• cc0i,lt (0254-2i I)3sno 01 02.x03455 . 

FAX 1025 .1-2) S032- I 

i 

packaging A PAfAAdIN0 p(MpldlAp IFRM40 

TT PACKAGING SDN BHD SOC. Jalu n 

Chan Sow Lin E .nam . \IAL-55200 Kuala 

Lurr.;ur . .D (03) 221 75 16.03) 11 1 7517 .103 ) 

2 2 1 2 - 86 .(03)2212749 .7MA21!I5FINE . 

FAX 103) 2212696 . 

• Chit! Faecullee : 56 . A.L Sb um (MI. Director .. 

Products manolaelored : Pol .ntrr. Cellophane and hot 

melt coated tear rap. . 

D.A\EREE PACKAGING (WOOD), Ve! - 

perwes 1 31 ) . NL-6S24 H\ Arnhem . 

12( -3185) 424531 . FAX(+3135)616163 . 

F \BREEKA B .V .. P .O . Box 50. NL-1720 A B 

Rmek-op-Laneedi;k.48 (02260) 15265 . FA X 

502 :x0) 13143 . 

FARRLF Aa — Special tabaer. belting. 5preialgnrtt fur 

Tabak. Connotes epeclaln poor tabu. F{GREEK% — 

Asendoridaendor-CIte•ron .ftb inte tgntod ribs. cell ,ollinugrierten 

Rlpp.n . at rc trine. .. inrigrn. FA BRE EKt — 

Fabeeht .,-1:11ounu machine pads and machi .e feet . 

'•Taubinenmarten and SNlilude. appui . pour machines H 

pna . , eethe,. . 

GESTEL PRINTING COMPANY . P.O. 

Box 529 . NL.5600 AM Eindhosei . HOlard 

(40) 5 2_0075. FAX Holland (40) 

511)51 5 . 

HEL'FT-QC ALIPLLS . Arnhemstrant 

34012. NI-7418 CL Deventer . I4 05700 1 

80100 . FAX (05700)S.) I I 

HV .A .I NTER\:\TIO\AL BV. Dalslcindree( 

125 NL-111 2 XC Diemen . '[? 10 1 

20-695521 I . s 10 2_10 . FAX (01 :0 .6954241 . 

78 


KONI\KLUKE HOITSE\t :\ L\IVER - 

SEELDRL K B V .. Peizer'.cce LS . Postbu s 

460. NL-9't . 0 AL Groningen . TZ 10 1 

50 2 5 :442 . F \X (111 50 :5 73 91 . CaFlex . hou - 

seâ . 

LObeh f.,c bottles . ions. can.. boss . patKa,r . . roll., bar an d 

tobacco pun hrs. .5th or • .flhuul htyhMinr polisn or fold . 

brunt, and •hrrl-ted teo use . 

Papier-Metaal 

PAPIER-\IETAAL B .V . . P .O. Box 12 . XL - 

7200 A:\ Zutphen . iB' (05750) 995 (a) . 

7494 . 8 . FAX 105750) 95)5 'S8 . 

Foil tissue/Innerloil. Failborrd for inner(ram* . Fuilbnard 

for hinge-lid pack. Rundlevnp printed in new. Ws . Iamftmed 

bundle .eop. 

PMB PATENT MACHI\EBOL'W B .V .. 

P .O. Box 7115 . NL-5605 JC Eindhoven . 

8)405 526225.7 51299 . FAX (040) 

55 OS 95. 

Knmpl. Entrippsnlagen ; Naschinen fur dl . Zlprrenberrriluq. 

LB. wicket- und CbrrrolSecaschlntn. Bobfnen. 

S.ateene far Co. , und Deckblute. Ziprrrn-Brain ;-und Zeltophaniermaschine. 

. 

C .mpL Owning line, ; machines for elpr man .facf .re. 

Lg . bunch mak.ng und oeenollfn; machines, bobble sfatents 

for binder and Sapp. . . rigor banding and rellopha .ing 

nschlnes. 

PROOST VRG PAPER INTERNA- 

TIONAL. P .O. Box S .Siammerkamp I . XL- 

II 10 AA Die men, CP (201 5690929 . 7 12 85 7 

pro r nl . FAN 120) 6001081 . 

QLEST INTERNATIONAL . Huizers(raacweg 

23. NL-141 I GP \garden. 'SF (215 9) 

92_39. 7 43050 QSTI \ L . FAX 12159) 

52 4 26. 

RCTTER & CO. B.V . P .O. Boa 401 I I . \ L - 

7504 RC Enschede . )ID+ (053) 3 :3032 . .7 Holland 

44201 . FAX (053) 301497 . 

Nofsrurt lnahtee. — Near-In(rad-baaed — Quadn- 

Beam and Micro-Quad digital renwns. 

Eiopean Dlsiributor for Slolsine. 5at .ms Corpmallon. 

SILTS CIGAR MACHINERY B .V .. Ijsselkade 

20 . NL-3261 AB Kampen . IT (31 ) 

520 2_15868 .742176 SLUTS \L FAX 131 ) 

5202 :7391 . 

THOMASSEN & DRIJVER. — VERBLIF A 

N .V. . Verhucliweg I, NL-6984 AA Does - 

burg. 12 833 47 81 11, FAX 333478400. 

Hemeller en. Helelldosta for Zigarren end Zige,illa.. 

Snob !fir T.bokdns.n toil Sohrnabdrekel odor Eerp-Open. 

leg-DeekeL 

\laaufworm of meal Hinpboa rs for Cigars and C fgaren. 

ten also for tobacco cant 

T .S.O. B .V . (TILBL' RGSE .STEEN — E N 

OFFSETDRLKKERIJ B .V .). Nieuwkerk,edijk 

2 . Posthu ; 27, NL-505) AA Goirle , 

(013) 349113 . 7 52309 . FAX (013 ) 

34751 2 

Fapruts all o'er :hr nnr'f f )aekagmg for me Fnbaca o 

Ind.or . including Parr :ncrn c . .oxw pnucbec . 

H.L Blanks — H .) . lu• . a .,~ur — I up I .ab), . — Nricnp•rleayrn 

— Cigar ° n a t — 7l arrcnnn :r — Folding 

Caron . — xhachtel n 

Vaassen pp 

Aluminium 0V 

\L-S1"o .\ .A i41 5"83)541 . 

7 49133 (alum r.' . F .sX an 57 as 5o 10 . 

Bus .t Lai Tubacrn Fnl1, . — Giant lammatrd aluminiu m 

foil ., 

VER\HOLT & V1 N SLLYTERS' OFF - 

SET AND GRAN LRc PRINTING B .V .. 

Houtmarkt 7. )523 . \L-2003 L M 

Haarlem . $ 1023 : is ) 3ea . 7 4126 : . FA X 

(023)31 P :S . 

Mingo-Lid-Zu.choine : Labels , Grbind et uachnirre 

0 Schaukartnna Gabind,',rllrbe r 

WARSZAWSKIE ZAKK.ADY PAPIER- 

NICZE. PL K ;nstancin-Jeziorna. 

*145 2_21 564. 176. rir 5r. : .) I I . 

J C1lereue Paper . 

Key to Symbol s 

Ph .or : 

• Te!e . 

▪ \14r.: :er : .: : staff 

• E .s;'.'.. . 

• 

Co-: .^.:rzuf ;riei n 

Pr .) cr. .) : c c 

Bran_ , 

- 

Re :a : . cis- ; r ice 

• Cigar . 

- 

Pipe : - 

Sr:fi 

cigarette 

• Amtr :ah ,len d 

Eu . :.p :..n Her d 

• Or . er. :4 .:cantl e 

Blot, .; ; 

• \It,,, : . _lre•t e 

• 

Wi ; h 

• P!gir. 

&Inc.. .7 : poc k 

▪ Spec _ .r_ . . 

• \encl :repac k 

• L„ ese l 

3/92

BAL .IGART\ER IBERIC .\ . S .A. . .5pardo 

Correo, 12 . P,1 Industrial . s, it E—tt8i) 6 

\all ; (Tarracoaal . 35' 197-i 600 . 51, FA X 

I9 -- ) 6056 3 ,j 

MIQLEL Y COSTAS & MIQ(.: EL S .A .. 

ruse ; 10. E-5006 Barcelona . 21. 93) 41503 30 , 

7 53027 elrs e. FAX 1931 :189452 . 

.•smile paper, high porous cigarette papers, plain obit * 

and :ork lipping. perfontad tippings. porous and non potins 

plagonp. booklets of c4-:acne paper for RIO. and 

ner non cigar . . . fine paper specialities _ 

D! BOY IBERICA S .A .. Rio Escalon a 

E46023 Valencia. 12 3619412 . 7 62920 . 

FAX 369323 o. 

E\ ERYCEL . S .A. . Carretera San Cuaa( 18 , 

P .O. Box 56 . E-03191 Rubi (Barcelona) . 

2 134-3)5531978 . 794516 YCEL E . FA X 

.-3 4- 583 4069 

_iota 4e desgene . Tear Tape . Bandeleue d'anachage . hat. 

•ei!bottom) !bottom) de strap or : Cellophane, Pol .pt> 

a• lane. P ul,ntar, Crlloi Ale/Cello . P .PJ.IJa/GP. 

' ALFRISA . S . A .. Acda. Cataluna 101 . 

5 .51)014 Zaragoza. SB(976)29S450. 7 530! 7 

Kallh E. FAX (9 7 6) 294184 . 

a RODLCTOS JOSE MA PLJADAS S .A. , 

Cam C-1413 KM 12 .700 . Poliaono Ca n 

loses E-05191 Rubi/Barcelona. (3 ) 

:531877, 7 94570 Pujad-e . FAX (3 ) 

8323,, . 

Our Management • Jost Paladas.CIO ;JNa Forcadtlb 

Assistant to CEO : Joan Cearaei . Marketing SLaagtr ; 

%aim Migad Tecknkai Director. — Ow Programme : 

Special adhesi•en for the tokacp Industry and ping no w 

asmring. Adhnisr hated on Marshes . dnnlna, Pty s em.lt 

ions. . .set and hot melts lot all kind of paper and coaste d 

muds . 

'Swede n 

ARENCO AB . P .O. Box 915 . S-39129 Kainor 

. 9 (+46) 45094500.7 43016 Arenco S . 

FAX (+46) 43010034 . 

' .lanulacr.rer of parking mathinn.'AP high speed V ulii 

acker for wrapping of single and nolupacks in paper nitb 

Ira or hran,'alable prd} praprleoe . 

H.3 . FLLLER SVERIGE AB . Lora Knape s 

Gar 5 . S-42132 V3 .slra Frolunda . '13 (031 ) 

-A66a0, FAX (031) 4913'_6. 

1DDESUN D 

WPAPERBOARD 

a '-wooer of me ,04oDo Group 

IGGESL ND PAPERBOARD AB. Market . 

ing Dept . S-825SO Igcesund . 2 1+46 ) 

650=S019 :, FAX t 4-46165020175 . 

Intercede- a fully bleached paperboard for packaging o f 

cigarettes to last-running maehmek 1n•rrcote. tin'oligtbkirhter 

Carton Nt die s'erpaclung •on Zlgarellen is 

aennanaulrnden 'iaxhinen . 

'Switzerland 

11 

■ 

11 II 11111111111111 111SUE II IIII II 

AMPACK :\G . Seehleiche SlraBe 50. CH - GI\':\LDA\-ROLRE FLA :ORS LTD. . 

9400 Rorschac h,' 

423990. 

(071) 427- 77 . F \X (0711 Leber!ands ;r :l=e 135. CH-''':I! Dubendorf . 

r~Pt)024242 4 . .7825349.F AA 1)3214478 . 

AROVA SCHAFFHALSEN AG . CH-320 1 

Schaffhausen . Postfach 639 . 52 4-053 ) 

203311 . 

BAUMGARTNER PAPIERS S . A. . Case 

Posta(e 195 . CH-1001 Lausanne. 91 (021 ) 

6351511 . 7 454141 bpa ch . FAX (021 ) 

635 15 60 . 

Prodanioa propras. : Cigarmt . filters- moso-nortam. 

■ono-p aper. dual. duotcoal . ulpie. ra.ln (SEL\-ek O. 

soured. reused. slim Una. 

~HOFFMANN 

VERPACKUNGEN 

BLATTMANN + CO. AG. Seestra0e 20 1 

CH-8820 W3Jenswil . 11 (41) 1-7803331 . 

7 875 552 blew ch . FAX (41) 1 .7808380 . 

BOEGLI-GRA4LRESS.A ., Ruc de la Gate 

° a.'' Is: GESUN D 

WPAPERBOAR D 

24—26. P .O Box 9. CH-2074 Mari'/NE. 

0(41/38)337080. 7952755 BOE CH. FA X 

(41/38) 3370 32 . 

Prodsct lint, Cigarette paper printing dies : Cylinders for 

inner4oil embossing 'patented steel o . stnl fret driu . 

*ntem L 

BCRKI AG . Verpackungstechnik, Schnurund 

Seilindustrie . Postfach 28, CH453 8 

Oberbipp. * (065) 762121 . FAX (065 1 

762917 . 

CELLPACK 

CELLPACK AG . CH-5610 \\ ohlen .iY I05 i ) 

2141 11 . 7 827995, FAX (057) 214413 . 

Clg .nrn.egackungen. a'erbandfolkn sat K.Intamfr an d 

lluminium Mr Ftnadelmchlag Mee Samnnleinnehlag . — 

Aronadichle Folien alt Pollen lilt Abpaaka .tomalen ode, 

alt Beutel fur .ulnmaliache Mee balbautomatnche bop. k . 

tong 

DEFENSOR AG . TalstraBe 35—37. CH - 

3808 Pf31'fikon SZ. '2 (055) 4'61 11 . 

FORDERIECHN1K AG . K . .elrr,at :strul e 

CH4142 \!Snchen,teir. 2. it (061 ) 

463200, F .\.X ~IJ611 J6321.'= . 

O (,r,ehift,Irilong . D . '•filler art .,.a . Hot:ch . A. 

1hnr n . Ifandluny., .,l :marhl : tl . Ja .rkr, . 5.lrhneilin, ~ . 

winkrlmann . M. Nilfurt. Fray H . kt,,ler . 

Fabrilatian . Prnid.urrung . s'rrtau! rran.porninrichtnngo. 

Handhabun,rechnik. Fatlmrn .port- and Hand- 

Sap .sume. I.4-/,-, e .nr':enk,rrhtfnrdrrrr. Pateltrn. 

neoh,le . 

HALSER E\DLOS0A"D AG . Fa- 

G!.:.—' ;a_ . (01 ) 

8106105.7340 

GEBR. HOFF\MANN AG. Ei ;enhahns :raB e 

71 . Postfach . CH-3602 TE.an . €f (033 ) 

3414!4.79 :1170 . FAX o ; 351510 . 

HersOdler iron Schanierdeckeldosen fur Zitarreo und Ziwinos. 

sia.alacro,,r „r metal n,n_ .d Gd un, for cigar , 

and cigarillos . 

a member of the MoDo Group 

IGGESL\D AG' . Postfac 309. Sternenstra3e 

12. CH-8027 Zurich . $ 4- 01) 202 6262 . 

'Head Quarter. AB IGGESL\DS BRCK . 

S-82500 1 eceso ad. 

Solid bleached board and foid ;q Mt board for binge lid 

parka and display canons . — s 'uligebltichter Snllalkanoa 

and Fahxkachtelkartna far Zirarrten .erpaekum en and 

A .a,tdlkarlon. — Canon pity sulfate blancbie pour hinge 

lid in eartoarhr . 

KUMAG AG 

KC\IAG AC . Letziarabet 114 . CH-8047 

Zurich.* iii l 149223 26. F :\X 101) 491 3061 . 

Su .plier of ,n .ledner and M, fHbac ., .fins for cut lo - 

bar . .larking and de.taekina ma,one .. fin _ - 

tems 

. 

LEDER BELT ECH AC)F".'.• ; : 'Je 30 . CH - 

86a 0 Rappers•.•il : . 

OW LAG LOGISTIK-SYS__ \l E . Heinrich - 

Ncbrli-SlraBe 2 7 . CH-5033 Ruch .. Aarau . 

'Q(0641 :74! : : . FAX ((Ina 1)21 . 

1E] 3/92 7 9 


ADDRESSE S 

80 

Switzerland 

RENTSCH AG FCR VERPACKUNGEN . 

Ziecelstralie 4, CH-763' Trimbach.'21062 ) 

2031 I I . 3 981696. FAX 1062) 23 2994 . 

• Dr . Rudolf Pentacle Prdsidem and Delegiener des yer - 

naltungiraIrs : Claude Bandit Dirrkior Finance ., Petsonal. 

Inlormarik. Linkaol : Rudolf Fankbausn. Direktor . 

Leifer l nternehmencbernch rebel : Richard Wieser. Di - 

ratio. Leiter l nternehmmrbereich Vrrpackong, rapier/ 

Kano.. 

A\, SANDOZ 

SANDOZ AGRO Ltd CH .4002 Basel . 

42 111 '611 3 :41 I I I . 3 96 505 051 SDZ CH . 

FAX 141 61) 3 2_4626 2 

Supplier of plant protection producu to robs . . graners : 

THl RICIDE and IA'ELI5 for hum'orm and bad.ornt 

control . A'uTHIO . EKATI' and SLN Rik for inchin g 

pests control, S %SIDE%] for blue mold control . 

STEICRAC BEEN 0 

STEIGER AG . Packaging and Advertisin g 

Printers . \tuseumstra0e 10. CH-3000 Bern 6. 

CP (031) 431414. 7 911317 . FAX (031 ) 

43 1408 . 

TAMAG BASEL LTD., SternenfeldstraB e 

16. CH-7127 Birsie!den 4211061) 3130143 . 

FAX (061) 313 0188 . 

Rnnentiauted Tobacco S•ctrm Ts..sLSC Rradrfake . 

TELA PAPER MILLS LTD., CH-47 10 Halsthal.'2 

(0621 7341 11, 3 98 2_813 tela, FA X 

(062)71 12 80 . 

• Eapon )tanager: Michel Rey . Srmt-crepwpaper. 516- 

Paper . nllnlo.r needing and Tiseue Pnper (bleached Pulp( 

foe [Inane-Filter-Production . 

TmCI AG 

I- MCI AG . Zugerstraoe 8A, CH-6341 Baar . 

Complete reconsntptrd tobacco sheet plants. Prams ea - 

gineeeiag and equipment manu(aenring . 

-United Kingdo m 

A & A INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT LTD .. 

Grant Works. Sandleas Way . Manston Lane. 

GB-Crosscases, Leeds LSIS 3AF.'2 (0532 ) 

645860 . 

ADEL ELECTRONICS LIMITED (Tobacco 

machinery section!. High Street 8 . GB . 

Yarn,, Cleveland TS15 9AE . (4-1642 1 

7S5715 . 3 55500 TDWJR G . FA..X 

786160 

Supplies of all oyes of used and reconditioned machinery 

and mechanical/elresneal slimes to internaeloul tobacc o 

Industry. 

CH. BOWEN LIMITED . High Street 

Works . Woods :lle . GB-Swadlincote. Derby - 

shire DEl i 7EB . fl (0 :33) 213333 . FAX 

1023315'1)2'12 . 

BRITISH \LOAN ROLLED PRODUCT S 

LTD .. Sales Office . Aikenhead Road 3 :1 . 

GB-Glasgow G42OPE . ` 1 113 1) 4 231164 . 5 , 

7 777849 . FAX 1041) J :2 1720 . 

CALLOW ENGINEERING LTD, As ant i 

Works. Manchester Road . G B-Clifton. Man• 

chester M27 2ND . 2 (061) 7945432 , 

7 66874 3 . FAX 1.0611 7945430 . 

THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO . (UK ) 

LTD ., Invincible Road . GB-Farnborough . 

Hampshire GUI .) 7 Q1. . (0252) 513657 . 

s 858 3 96. FAX 10252) 5 -3053. 

CHEMTR :\DE I INT .( LTD.. P.O. Box :37 . 

St . Peter Port . GB-Guernsey . Channel Is - 

lands, 7 4191425 HAVI.ET G . FA•\ 

(41-781) 72S89I. 

CM E 

COLIN MEAR ENGINEERING LTD , 

Combe St . Nicholas . GB-Chard. Somerse t 

TA203NL. 12 (0460) 6"351 . FAX (0 4 60 ) 

65661, 46435 . 

• C. Meier — Managing Director . T. W'illiaow — W'nrlts 

Dlresor, PA. 11) Or — Technical Manager. DJ . W eaeherill 

— Export Sales Co-Ordlaasor . C\IE manoractan, retied Id 

and convert Hinge Lid Packer. Wrapper. Boson and 

Makers. Including in.rllaaoe, Manufacturers of sub-es - 

semblles sire change pans and 'pares far above machinery . 

Chit incorporate. on Eapnn Sales and Consolidation De - 

'admen ; supplying a large rang . of spar., and equipmen t 

i ncluding mitt. Tobacco spare ., !abortion equipmem, 

lni .ea and cutler. 

COURTAL'LDS FILTER TOW, P.O . Box 5 , 

GB-Spr.ndon. Derby DE2 7BP (UK) . 

12 (03311 66 1422 . 

P.J . DEWSNAP LIM.IITED . Essex Road 159 , 

GB-London . NI 2 YH. 101) 2266419. 

kV H . DICKINSON ENGINEERING. 

Moolstdc Road . GB-Winchester, Hampshire 

S023 7SS. 2(0962) 842222 . 

D.K . HOLDINGS LTD .. Station Approach. 

GB-Staolehurst . Kent TNI2 OQN. 1' (0580) 

891662 . 7 95427 DIAMET G, FAX (0580 ) 

892724 . 

H . ER BEN LTD .. Hadleigh. GB-Ipswich. 

Suffolk I P7 6AS. '2103'3) 8 2 30 11 .398 332 . 

FAX (0473) 828252 . 

FIELD PACKAGING . Rectory Way . Misbourne 

House. GB-Old Amersham, HP 7 

ODD. 


FTLTRONA INSTRUMENTS & AUTO- 

MATION LTD. . Denbi g h Rd. . GB-Bletchley. 

Milton Keynes MKI IDH, 4 (090S ) 

372716.3824_9 . FAX 109081 373976. 

Constantly on Targe t 

ROBERT- FLETCHER IGREENFIELD I 

LIMITED . Greenfiei.i Pacer V I i 1 1. GB- 

Greenfield . Oluh,:m OL3 7NG . 42 Soakworth 

(0453153 .533L 7(.6991'FLTCHRG. 

F .AX 10457) S" 85613 

Ciprette papers of normal and htdh air 7

LOGA-2C 

CUSTOM DESIGNED CIGAR 

ROD MAKER 


VARIOMAT - D 

HIGH SPEED HEAD SHAPER 

DECCLT-LE s a :1 2 rue de la d1,rslor. Leclerc F 913S0 C1-ILLY IvIAZAILN 

:1 69 09 34 14 - Telex 600 036 Ilc (1) 69 09 61 00 

I

ADDRESSE S 

UniteitKingdom -- 

INTERNATIONAL TOBACCO SER- 

VICES LTD . Nosh Street 74 . GB-Guildford 

. Surrey G L 1 -IAW. at (04831 440889 . 

FAX (04831 •409) 9 

lobcco indo .rr, :nn .utuN.. 'null labor oappllrrs, ]fa - 

unal .uppl.es 10 the norldulde Inbarco industry. General 

purchasing acenrs. 

1S HUMIDIFIERS. Green Lane 238 . GB. 

LondunSE93TL• 'lOS11851 75 21.7 21 348 

JSIND G . FAX 081185 7 7742 . 

K APP .\1ANES LIMITED. Stewart Ascnue 

27. GB-She,rperon TWI' OEQ . Nliddlesr 

(4932) 56 :77 2 

C .B. K. \1 \I IC H Et CO . LTD. . Leigh Street . 

GB-Sheffield S4 '_PR . à 107421 446071 . 

7 5 4171 \lr:^co . F:\\ (0 7 4:) 4-)2476 . 

• Dirrrmr Brian blood : Director Rmh.) Paul lnafeL 

Opeeaaon, 5lana_er Micnael Bedlurd. Tech . Manage. 

Paul Irommnngrr . 

C.ra .in fed noarle .ide .gam applicators for omen., no . 

kart. lke ,Ird 3 Pk .' applicators for fillermaken. dbe.i . r 

spray ', .kern for cigarette packaging.•ranoning. fora. , 

dispensing unit . . Rod and pa per break detection equipment. 

KESSLERS I\TERN .ATIO\AL LIMITED . 

Walton Road I . Stratford. GB-London EI S 

2MF. a (0811 5340106 . 

LING S't STEMS LTD . Little End Road. 

Eaton Sue-on . GB-5 ; NeOU Huntington . 

Cambs . PE19 3JH. a .0450) 216666. FAX 

(0480) 21 95 87 . 

LMG \I AR DON . Tower Road North . GB . 

Warmics. Bristol BSIS 2XL. a 10272 ) 

67 7161 . FAX (0r210('088 9 

M,ARDEN EDWARDS & CO .. Ferndow n 

Industrial Estate. GB-Wimhorne . Dorset 

0H21 7PD .a10202)561200 .741202.FAX 

(11'02) 861400 . 

MEd-l :. NI Fri.dO and'I Ed3O/ 1130 Can.Orersnppin p 

Machine for siock pack and collatbm . I a boot sealable 

matrria)s . k1P 100 Cold SdhesIre Parcelling Machine for 

Kraft and ,lmilar paper, inclotin! NO . N8 SOO Snatch 

Bander for .ingla packs and collanons in Polythene . 

MOIST CRE SYSTEMS LTD .. The Ol d 

School . Station Road . GB-Cogenhoe . Northampton 

NN' ILT. 1' (0604) 890606 . 

7 312463 . FAX (0604) 590900. 

(31. ADR . BE .1?1 Muismre Dance. M1CR0 QUAD DI~I • 

tat Moisrure Gauge. Q L's DRSLA8400 Laburalon ?Ion .. 

tare Gauge . QU kPR.14BE.1'I Feuchtipkdremnser. 

MICRO QC SD digilaler 1. ohtigkeitsmeneee. Q1 .1 - 

DRIr_1B 6061 La M.r.Feuthnal.11 .mesrer. Jauge de me . 

sur dl.unidi.! QL ADRA-PLSM. Jaoge de me.ur r 

e d'huln0lot nomlriga . MICRO QUID. Jauge de .mar e 

61..410 laborarnirr VL .DR1LSB 6010. 

MDLINS 

MOLINSTOB \CCO MACHINERY LTD . . 

Haw Lane. Saurderton . GB•Histh Wycombe . 

Bucks HP)1 4JE . 8' IUo 144) 5 ) ) . 2 7 8316 1 

(Saks) and 835077 . FAX 148444) 29' 3 

(Sales) and 2110 

OIL\DET L K LrD . . Sha . Lane . GB-GItt,sop 

. Der ;,hire SK 13 9ED. '?a (0457 ) 

868 ' 21 .7 ^,6339- FAX (0457) 866265 . 

\TM LIMITED . Lowcs Line. Stunion b s 

Dale. GB-likc,ton . Dcrhyshtrc DE' 4QU . 

E811160' 1_ 0_230 .737 7 4)4 VI KLEIN G . 

FAX 061 :) .11)54 3 

PADLOCKER LTD . Brunel Gate 9. 1Vest 

Portwa•. I :rd Est .. GB-Andover. Hants SPI V 

3SL . rr

ATHE ARCHE R 

A COMPAN Y 

THE ARCHER CO .. P.O . Box 625 . LSIAxximton-Salem 

. NC 1-06 :5 . 1 l i o ) 

711 5457 . FAX 1919) '4 ;344 0 

ARJAY EQLIPMENT CORPORATION . 

an affiliate of RJ . Remolds Tobacco nte-n:uiona) 

loc .. P.O Box :959 . USA-Win,;a^ - 

Sa!em . NC 2'102. (919) 7113 :66 . 

S 09990 :: Ara). E.iip . FAN 1) 1 

%416989 . 

ALTOKRAFT BOX CORPORATION . 

P .O. Box 1 2_S . Boxwood Road . USA-Re d 

Lin . PA 17356.4 1 7 1 7 ) 2144041 . FAX 

( 7 1 7 ) :46054 7 , 

AVISTRAP . Boot Road 45 I . P.O. Box 7005 . 

USIA-Downington . PA 19335 I? ( :15 1 

8'30 290 . 

BACH & CO. tBACH KNIVES). P .O . Hi s 

7000 . Seaview Blvd . 50. LSA-Port Washington 

. NY 11050.'(516)6:!3100.FAX15I6 1 

621 72 1 7 

BELL . FLAVORS AND FR .AGR:\NCE S 

INC. . Academy Drive 500 . USA-Northbrook. 

III . 60062 . ffi' (708) 291 .8300 . 

7 910-686-0653 . FAX (708) 291 12 17 . 

T E C H N 0 : O G I E S 

BELT TECHNOLOGIES INC .. P.O . Bo x 

465. Bottles Road (L CS:\•Aeawam. \I . A 

01001 . 13' (413) 7569922 . FAX (413 ) 

7592786. 

BLLKTOBAC DIVISION. Gas-Fired P R, 

ducts. P .O. Box 36485 . L- SA-Charlotte, N C 

75236 . IT (704) 37234 .85 . FAN )704 ) 

3325343 . 

THE CARDWELL MACHINE COM- 

PANY . P.O . Box 34588 . USA-Richmond . 

V A 23234 .4 (SO-11275 14 7 1.7 827462 . FAX 

(80-0 2751476 . 

CHESAPEAKE PACKAGING CO .. Lewis 

Rd . 5610. P O. Box 7691. USA-Richmond . 

VA 23231 . ISO4) 2261350, FAX (804 1 

226160' . 

CLARK MANUFACTURING CO. . P .O. 

Box 557. Highway 50 West . USA-West Point . 

Mississippi 39773 . It (601) 4944505, FA N 

(601) 4947211 . 

CLINCON INC. . R+l, PO . Box 2776 . 

USA-Montpelier . VA 23192 . 

863 51 53 . F.\X 18041 8935)76 . 

It 804 1 

1 .H DAY COMPANY . Beech Street 4932 . 

L S .A-Cincinnati . Ohio 46212 . 4 (513 1 

84130 00 . FAX (513) 3419 :06. 

D1AGRA17 H INTERNATIONAL . Rldc r 

Trail South 34i ) . LS :A-E.ina Cit :. . \I O 

630 .i5 . 1)b), it' 314) 739s 434090 . 

F.AX,314' 295966 : 

DIVE CONTAINER CORPORATION . 

P O . Box 26179 . USA-Richm ._ :r i . VA 2 3 - 60 . 

'ST 101,4, 23 :1292 . FAX 1304) :3009 2 

! DL NHA\9 RUBBER 

: BELTING CCOR P 

P .0 Box 47249 . S . Harding 5311) . US :\-Indianaooiis. 

IN 46:47 . 02 49 I.T 1317 ) 

7859761 . F .\X 1317) 78896 0 7 

EASTM .AN CHEMICAL CO .. P .O Box 

431 . LSA-Kingsport. TN 3 766 '- . 6)5 1 

2293290 . FAX(615) 2298466 . 

Mcusta 

oan-tntnd P H . GLATFELTER CO. 

ECLSTA . P.O . Box 20') . USA-Pisgah Forest . 

NC 26 7 68-0200. 8772612.7 5 1061)109 50 

ecusta uq . FAX 3'041 8331795 . 

O Clgannr paper, tipping paper. plug enp. est . 19:3. 

• WE . Bno.ell. Pres .: J.O . Ta.nsent. t P .%markeung : 

Cl . Brendle . Dinner luernauonal Sales : 31.31. hetort 

Regional tlang.r Europe. 

ERIEZ MAGNETICS. P.O . Box 10608 . 

USA-Erie. PA 16514.4(314) 8339551 . FAX 

(814) 5:84960. 

F1-TECH . INC .. Research Road 501 . LSA- 

Richmood . VA 23236.3090 . 4 1$1)4 ) 

79496'15 . S 82735O. FAX (504) 7949 :14 . 

Tobeero cuffing. cigarette ant cipr making cut-Of Lni .n : 

Contend and bonaon grinding .beetf. carbide Lines an d 

near Para fer mabt, tippon and parker . 

5IE 

FOOD ENGINEERING CORP.. Niagar a 

Lane 2 7 65 . USA-Minneapolis . Nlinoesota 

55411 . 

FORTE TECHNOLOGY INC .. Carnegi e 

Role 201 . USA-Norwood. AlA 0N62. 

'O' (617) 76991 50. FAX (617) -695305 . 

fond 1030 [simnel) measures moisture of entire bates 

Itophnd or canon . of tobacco. The form S)vem can be 

nett for 1n•rntory and qudiq control. Bar code reading. 

label printer. and nmottt d'npla)s can be included. Fun * 

can also me.n, . mnisrure in small samples. 

.,,,e H.B . Fuller Company 

H.B. FULLER COMPANY. ADHESIVES . 

SEAL .ANTS X COATINGS DIVISION . 

3005-A . Halts Chappel Road . LSA-Greensboro 

. NC 27401 . 4 (919, 2745 7 73 . 

7 451 174. FAX 1919127470 1 ` 

• Pill Robenr . General Manager. Tobacco Ru .intea l ni t 

Oer50mtnufxtnnnglerniom ie3J cowries are pads t o 

coppie adhesives for the manufacture and packaging of 

garetaes. mats, ,cooking tobacco. snuff and shee ng tobacco 

. 

GBE LEGG L IS . & CANADIAN OPER- 

ATIONS. Distributor Drive 5331 . LSA- 

Richmond . V A 23 :25 . )0' (SO4 :319606 . 

GD 

PACKAG E 

MACHINER Y 

G .D PACKAGE \IACHINER\ . INC . . 

Soothlakt B,+uie .,,rd 50! USA-Richmond . 

VA :3236. 3-i 141-)4 9--- .55- 3 -2 .FAX 

( '.r.., 7940! 57 , 

GENERAL BOX CO\IPANY . H Ir!cc Ate. 

710 . LS .\-Waycross. GA 31501 . IN" 19 12 ) 

_835716 . FAX (9)21 :85 09 I S 

ADOLPH GOITSCHO INC . Lehigh Are. 

9)5 . US .A-Lnion . NJ 07053 . +Z' )908 ) 

688 24 rat) . FAX 1908166 7 92 50 

GRAS L RE PACK AGING INC .. Sareile n 

Rd . 451)5) . USA-Richmond . VA 23 2 31 . 

3041 222 10 16. FAX 1404) 226 23 50 . 

GRIFFIN & COMPANY . INC ., P .O Box 

1734 7 . USA-Louisville. Kentucky . 4 (502 ) 

63613 74 . FAX (50.16360 :25 . 

• Contact : %like T. Mr. Director .lakrnng Tobacco In - 

duct, . . 

World-oide sepplier of assume for 1Areshing it prlmarp 

prnreaing liner S equipment 

ItHeSS.HJ 

HOSCFI COMPANY . NIP-1CM Building. . 

Interna ;ionai Drive 1002. USA-Oakdale. PA 

15071-9223 . 

INDUSTRIAL MAGNETICS, INC . . P.O. 

Box 60 . US .-Bayne City . All 49713 .4 (616 ) 

58 :3100 . 

INTERNATIONAL PAPER. Poplar Avenue 

6-)t). L-SA-Alemphis, TN 38197 . 

12 (91)11 7631,666. 7 6503 2 13641 . FA X 

(9011 763 61 2 3 

IRD NIECHANALYSIS. INC., Huntle y 

Road 6150, USA-Columbus . OH 43229, 

`1S t 1614) S855376 . s 245315 . FAX (614 ) 

885 "66 8 

JEFFREY DIVISION . P.O . Box 38 7, Willis 

Road 395. LSA . Wcndrufl. SC 29388 . 

12 (803) 4767523. S 809495 . FAX (303 ) 

47675 10 . 

el Kimberly-Clark 

KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP . Specialt y 

Products. Holcomb Bridge Road 1400 . USA- 

Roswe)I . GA 30076.4 (404) 1878000 . 

Cigarette Papers, PORO%R,P• Porous %ug W rapt Con - 

•tnrinnal Plug is rip : Tipping base poprm: Reconstituted 

Tobacco teal, Rrcon .tlro,,d Cigar ,trapper and Binder . 

I® 3/92 83 


ABBESSE S 

IJnited.Statest: 

LASER\11KE INC. . Executive Bouletard 

6060 . LSA-Dayton . OH 45424 . 'ff 1513 1 

2339')35 . FAX 151 ; 1 :33' :3 4 . 

LLIVA 8AH\SON INC. . West Point BR d. 

3901 . P .O . Bo .o 10458 . USA-Winston-Salem. 

NC :7105 .12 ( 9 1 9 ) 7 64 3 1 1 1 . FAX 019 1 

;61)1'48 . 

\I :ICANDREWS & FORBES COMPANY . 

Third Street & Jefferson Ave .. LISA- 

Cann-den . NJ 08104. '(609) 9n48840 . 78453 3'. 

F .AX (600) 9646029 . 

Licorice products as easing (Ivor, . casing top neon. top 

Mon for total robaccoblends and for seeroslrnonstincrd 

tobacco sheer , 

Products .eailable In spnr dried ponder, block juice. and 

semi-fluid forms nitb excellent aoiubility in 'toter and othe r 

reheat s 

Prod .'s ere aromatically neuml and ha, . ...Net stablliry 

under high temperature . 

MADIS LABORATORIES INC. . NI 4JI S 

Buildin g. Huller Strati 375 . USA-Sout h 

Hackensack . NJ 0'606 . ifY 1201) 4405000. 

FAX (201) 3425000 

• \oldemar Stud ix. President : Ered Cenaullo. Esrcutl•e 

\ ice President ; If . ran \ouhuys . %ice President Sales and 

\tarseung . 

LE) F \IAN COCOA PRODUCTS. INC .. 

Ellis Road 600, USA-Glassboro . NJ 06025. 

'2 (60 1 1 85 1 40 00. 

MEYERCORD 

REVENUE DIVISION 

THE \IEYERCORDCO., E. North Avenu e 

365 . USA-Carol Stream . IL 60188 . IF 1708 ) 

68 26200 .3 244 543 \(EYE UR. 

• Droni . P . McDonald . President, Mark C . %Illler . %ice 

Ptesld•nl Robert \%'. %lug, Manager. Sleorrcord Menu. 

facture . and Slarleo CounreAait. Rratsunt, Fuson' Cigar 

mite Tex Stamps. Fosen' Stamp Applkaifo. ~fschines. 

Cigar.rte Case Curter, and Cerron Packers In (-internmews 

aid Dinniberion wnridnidr . 

MOBIL CHEMICAL CO .. Films Division . 

Pittford-Victor Rd . I I :0 . USA-Pittford . NY 

11534, IT (716) 2485700 . FAX (716 ) 

2481075 . 

MOLINS RICHMOND INC . . Carolina 

Ave . 3900. P .O. Box 6159. USA-Richmond . 

V A 2322 2 . 12 (8041 32990 S I . 

84 


MUNDET INCORPORATED . Corporate 

Hez :asarterx . Executive Offices . \lundet- 

He:r._tite. : :st . Street . P .O. Bex 949. LSA- 

Bu :na Vista . VA 24316. $ (703 ; 2617435 . 

FA\ I"031 :6 :2024 . 

M.F NEAL h COMPANY . a Dix of Macar,cress 

& Forbes Co. . E . Franklin Street 

190. P O. Box 24 . LS .A-Richmond . V A 

23 :'!1 . 3F 15('41 6485891 . 3 8274s- NEAL . 

FAN (604 "538267 . 

Menutacr.rers nt liquid and dry casing aad rep llatno . 

speeialtting in .artificial Coumadrt. Tanks Biota and Deer 

Tungus natac w . (mare a complete line of \merican - 

type na,nrs nhioh is backed by more 'ha . 100 ,ear . o f 

esperirnce in the arn.riean tobacco indusm . 

NORTH AMERICAN CONTAINE R 

CORP . Riservier Ind . Dr . 5 7 50 . USA- 

Mu'Ni :ton. GA 30059 . V (404) 505 2348 . 

FAN 11041 505 2054. 

PACIFIC FOODS . 88st Street 21612. LSA- 

Ken :. Washin g ton 95031 . *(206) 395 94 00 . 

FAN ) 2061 3953330. 

PRECISION AUTOMATION CO . INC .. 

P.O. Box 21 SS. USA-Clarksville . IN 4'131 . 

4 'r, I -!21 153 - 963 . FAX (81 2) 283-492 . 

PROCTOR & SCHWARTZ INC .. Gibralta r 

Road 251 . USA-Horsham . PA 19044 , 

'18 1215) 4435200.9 6651093, FAX (215 ) 

4.13 5 :06. 

• ctanin E . Moyer. Diemen Preens Inda.tries Croup : 

D.A . Haber. Product ?tanager : M.T. O'Neill. Regiona l 

Sal" Login..(. 

QLAS-7CM PERFORMANCE FILMS . E . 

Lake Street 601 . USA-Streamwood. III . 

6010". * t"081 8306900 . FAX 1705 ) 

031) 56 I0 . 

SASi3 CORPORATION OF AMERICA . 

5.11dic'.hian Turnpike 6301 . U5 .A-Richmoc2. 

VA 22225, 4 (804) 2761900, FAX 

1802 27605 63 . 

SOLTHERN CONTAINER CORPORA- 

TIO N . HWY . 301 South. S . Ward Blvd . 407 , 

P .O Boo 216. USA-Wilson . NC. 52 1919 ) 

23 - 0539. FAN ( 9 19) 23-0303 . 

SOUTIIE6N :ES-1I\(; & RESEARC H 

LABORATORIES INC .. Airport Drivel 

3-09 . L SA-Wilson . NC 2 1 893 . iT 1919 1 

23741 7 5 . FIX : 0 19) :3"9341 . 

TIFI IC .1 .1 LIMITED, Division A'. :. 50 . 

USA-\filf,r.et ;.r . NJ Ii:'46. 19116 1 

647-:51) . s 1',,'I'I8 . !'3154 . FAX t96s i 

64- 2 5 17 . (905( 647 - 338 . 

TI\ICORP INTERNATIONAL MARKET- 

ING CO . LTD_ Piikoi Slr :et 615 . Suite 

2 (109 . USA-Honolulu . Hawaii 96811 . 

S` (803) 53662_3 . s 9102406405 . FA X 

1803) 536E4 i t 

• Per,nnnrl . Dana :s Slalrpnuoe . Prntdent ; Putncl C, . . 

\ice President : %%Allam Sin. Director Singapore : Jac l 

Cosby. nit. Europe : John Tsang. Manager Clone Kong . 

Principal scrit bt : \ lorketint reprnentati .rn for man urao 

timers or all eleareltr ray mm ma's, spare pans and thresh - 

ing. primary and secondary equipment . \Inn supplier in 

nwrred c , erre brands xnrld•ide . 

TMCI INC . Sul! :van Avenue 200. USA - 

South W'ires5r. CT 060"4 . 

TRIANGLE PACKAGE MACHINER Y 

CO. . W. Dixeriev Ate . 6655 . USA-Chicago . 

IL 60635 . 1.7 (312) 0590 2200. FAX (312 1 

5394_ 2_! . 

L'N IROY 1L CHEIMICALCO .INC .. Worl d 

Headquarters. LSA-\liddlehury. CT 06749. 

621203) 5 7 3218' . FIX (203) 5733394. 

VIDEK SYSTEMS DIVISION, Corp orat e 

Drive IIDO . LSA-Canandaigua . NY 14425. 

38(7i6) 9_46100 . FAX (716) 9246045 . 

VIRGIN( A DARE EXTRACT COMPAN Y 

INC . . Third Asont;e 8S2. USA-Brooklyn . 

NY 1 :23 : . Ve t' I S I'SS 1776 .3425 707 Dar e 

LL FAX(51 - 6839" S 

THE WHOLE HERB COMPANY . E . Blithedale 

Avenue 250 . P.O . Boa 1035 . USA - 

Mill Valle.. CA 94942 . '18 1415) 385 6485 . 

7 2' ;411 IV HERB . FAX (4151 ?51 1"4" . 

o 

ZOECON CORPORATION. Specialty Products 

Division . Ford Road 12005 . Suite 300 , 

CSR-Dallas. Texas 7525 1(_214) 2243 2_321 , 

FAX 1214) 55 ;05 :7 , 

Ziinhabwe 

RADIATOR AND TINNING PIT . LTD. . 

P .O . Box 355 . ZB-Bulmsayo. 

%lanufacmrrn of heat out hangers and irrigation borehol e 

cs Roder y . 

3/92 111

"VALUE OF PERSONAL APPROACIr ' 

Compania de Filipina s 

Leaf Tobacco 

Understanding the needs of our clients is a tradition we've kept for over a hundred years . 

A presence in major origins, offering the full range of tobaccos is just part of th e 

commitment being made at Compania de Filipinas . 

Across a global market our constant goal is matching local skills with new technology t o 

offer quality tobaccos with an assured continuity . 

To our customers this is the challenge we continue to meet . 

BRAZIL — DOMINICAN REPUBLIC — GREECE — INDIA — INDONESI A 

PARAGUAY — PHILIPPINES — POLAND — SPAI — TURKEY — USA — ZIMBABW E 


COMPANIA GENERAL DE TABACOS DE FILIPINAS .S.A. 

Suero de Quinones, 42 E-28002 MADRID • Tel (34-1) 563 022 0 

Telefax (34-1) 563 0647/48 • Telex 27513-41966 Tafi l 

Registered Address : Ramblas 109.. 08002 BARCELONA

L 86 

IN THE PIPELIN E 

Good Prospect s 

Domestic production supplies th e 

Mexican cigarette market . The industry 

is largely Mexican owned and produce s 

a plethora of local brands . International 

cigarettes are manufacture d 

under licensing a g reements which restrict 

sales to Mexico . The total market 

is estimated to stand at 50 billion cigarettes 

annually, a figure which has remained 

stable over the last eight years . 

Lack of growth is attributed to the diffi - 

cult economic situation of the 1980s . 

However, demand is now picking up. 

4/9 2 

_Changing Attitudes 

Much has changed in the Turkish tobacco 

industry since the abolition o f 

the Monopoly in May 1991 . Both Teke l 

and Best AS ., the main domestic pro - 

ducers, are now aiming at a bigger market 

share and are stru gg ling against th e 

growing competition from imported cigarettes, 

which hase already gained th e 

preference of one fifth of Turkish smokers, 

Nevertheless . tobacco manufacturing 

and marketing are still majo r 

generators of jobs in Turkey . 4/9 2 

Polish Marke t 

Turnover from cigarette sales is stagnating 

or even falling in Poland . Tw o 

reasons are given for the situation : mos t 

consumers do not hase much left o'e r 

once they have bought basic commodities 

and increasing numbers o f 

smuggled cigarettes are penetrating th e 

market . New, attractively-packed cigarettes 

are coming onto the Polish market 

constantly, but it is impossible t o 

say where they came from as the pack s 

have no indication of origin . 4/92 

ADVERTISERS INDE X 

Baumgartner Papiers, CH-Crissier Pag e 

Compania de Filipinas, E- Madrid Pag e 

Consorzio Agrario Provinciale, I-Benevento Pa g e 

Decoufte, F-Chilly-Mazarin Pag e 

Dibrell Brothers, USA-Danville Pag e 

Ecusta, USA-Pisgah Forest Pag e 

Enso-Gutzeit,SF-Helsinki Pa g e 

FlLInternational, GB-Harpenden Pag e 

Filtronalnstruments,GB-Milton Keynes Pa ge 

Gestel Printing . NL-Eindhoven Pag e 

Groupe Lana, F-Levallois-Perret Pag e 

Hail & Cotton, USA-Springfield Pag e 

Alfred N . Hertz, W-Reinbek Pag e 

Imperial Tobacco,CDN-Montreal Pag e 

Kimberly Clark, USA-Waco Pag e 

KbrberAG, W-Hamburg Pag e 

Moons Machine,GB-Bucks Page 

Ontario Tobacco, CDN-Tillsonburg Pag e 

Papeteries de Malaucene,F-Paris Pag e 

Pape:cries de Mauduit,F-Paris Pa g e 

Philip Morris, USA-New York Page 

Sasib,I-Bologna Pag e 

Maschinenfabrik Schmermund, W-Gevelsberg Page 

Schoeller & Hoesch, W-Gernsbach Pag e 

Socotab, USA-New York Pa g e 

Sodim . F-Fleury-les-Aubrais Pag e 

Souza Cruz, B R-Florianopolis Pag e 

Tannpapier .A-Trann Pag e 

Tobacco Associates, USA-Raleigh Pag e 

Trans Continental, FL-Vaduz Pa g e 

Wattenspapier,A-Wattens Page 


6 7 

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5 5 

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23 

J2\ccP 

t rar St,:-rt R the r :--H a. . 

Eck,rt I le a- C 

Kars .._ : S . .un ' —: 

JOLRT~ L 

- 2 cc , 

Fditodal and Business Orf:u s 

Pressca .i G :n :e B :,,-,, . 

1710B S 

n . D .lil t :, : .;: 

P1:_c :1 ti :la : .l. 7• . . . ,a1n :: : 

T:! - :as 1 . :tad 

\ tanating Director and Editor•in•C1tet : Han,- :ie- . 

Kceac- . Deputy L:dnurin•Chuf : F Air K!ma . Eai . 

tors: Horne-H : : nc-Gr .'-- Pith :. ii : : . 

Son Sic :, Editorial Seca yes : lag-ee \1 .r,a-r : - 

Statistica : Andre: Hu, ::•- a - : 

Cnrre,pnnd.nn : 

Attu, _ . F. . A • . ' 

g uars a, D :Ecl d 

Bent .i - Hu•.,:e t 

Bur, . _ ..~ , S eCr- .:rn: i 

Dom n 3 :; s : -C st, , ., .. e 

EEC . P ._. Ca :u!ai e 

Eu r: d Rtun ~a3m b 

France . .. . :e Hr'!eMICLa ., : ce 

Great Bnutn : t1 :-c.-aef Ba rl :r d 

India n Ras: 

lull a 

Pak .naan S ' . :. Ah :-asf 

Per-.ini P er- : Lee s 

Spain : D• '.talte: 

Sdttaer 

F,elino :arr 

.::.1- S_ :_ : `•I ;ie : 

Turkes Sr Hari Tarrise-J i 

l 'mad Sltes' D tier ye 

Crucaa, 

:-e• 

-- S ; -e tics 

5'urnttaita . 1 ;,, 3e!;o 

Special Correspondents . i -t 5c: . .-+ r . . . 

Krr P_ . 

Assistant 51anaging tirecto r 

Iasi-rd Thcreaa t Si . rd sal- cr ; ti. c s 

Raprnrnlati,es : 

Fr : Le'c ; :: Il :i'-- .-I .a:ar_ Ste , rat. :_ D: 

Ledere : :.-,F-i_ ; :J ~i-, . . .. Pc.une I, a a •i"M•• ; . 

Tee ., . I , Al Òn , 7 

Great Britain : P. 11 . R ;. ; :.. Cwrt . C`:1:,, - 

Cam . c,2 , GL 51 SLS . PC .-a -' : :1 .71 ?pa n 

India : Ses::aglri Rat . S. .r.;.-.a;ru^ . Psi Offlae. C a 

Raloh-u :dr-. AP IN, . 7:. :r Pal ,' I . : — AB 1LTC 

I N 

Italy : [Etna Sruss-Cain- 7-e I, . V a ;e \lent: I d 

6 :1 ca1 Beeesen. u. Ph: :A - on . Trfefae , . - a 

31 :'!al 

United Staten : Woadc:ci: 1 , . . . ' G Bo ;uiiteid Road . 

Ra:etph . ~ . C . :-hl :. PC :-e a ;Ai ia''4 27 . Teie:a s 

io t a , 

Tranalalors : 

I. J . Con, aS , Exiiih,. D : S Oehrle :n ISCan,sh,.'I 

n der 'cn-a,lsr :n •_, . C_ :;, Rios, G,uianci ;i 

- Ban-.T17 staff :Ge :rcae .'- :- ;`. , 

All nit . t aie-:ed. \ ; i-. : ::r :e is ', -, r . u _ 

quested manuscripts + Ii tail u c Kmurud , d 

pntage n prepa,d . 5 .,-.e : ;- armies alnas , 

rerre;e- : :he 'pinion .:1 --e e_ Iir,,ra .A11 a : ::c!er puS . 

fished ,c :he ieuara : 37e 7 'Ih: ed 

puhfic: .en may net 

. a.: per. .•f 1Bi t 

rcns: _ :el or tra s,mitted is an , 

form rr by any meas . . reenh,are : .L ri 

clueing nhnrecoprecrd• : .-, an. novmnicn no r . 

age and -tir,e•..al ss r- :r . s a u :i :t :n peg-^•„ .:nn 

4rhacnponn ntn : 

Europe 051 I :a dl : Cs--seas S 'e•"i rer yra-. p er 

free. Smile copy 'O\I : :7-' 7-S15.rq-nai pns :ace B. 

—.ad a,d :ti: gal : .._ : L .'rar. t --al r, ISS N 

i 4B1 q.i,h : - Fist a .. a- .s ; ;ease :r, , .e : s : 

.n :. . 

Rank ac e unt 

Deus . . . Ban's . tla.-r ^ :' ] ,ga t Bi z ru''asau : 

3/92 E[n

It started more than a hundred 

years ago . 

The next century won' t 

canoe the commitment . 

We still run and develop th e 

est production technology . 

e still invest heavdv in research 

;-Lduct development . 


And we still offer a wide 

range of products : cigarette paper, 

tipping base paper, standard porou s 

plugwrap and base paper for inner 

lining . 

We've always taken this business 

seriously. 

We still do. 

ENSO-GAZE IT 

T ERyAKOSKI MILL S 

SF 1240) T., FmLLid 

■ - SS- ;4.'7 .11, Li.r 15259 4, 15242 ,/ 

T,.ietIT in : . - . t4 .6ei 119 

I 1 

- - -

Ir 1 11 'IIY/ 1) .)V!1111V'11 IN111V71IIV'I I .IS (1IN I IV YIIIIVIN)NII NV IN 


z 

50010340 2

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