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Seminal fluid.pptx
- 1. 1 Done by SWATHIKA R TEJASWINI R YOGITHA P S Department of chemistry & Biosciences, SRC- SASTRA.
- 2. 2 Seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that contains spermatozoa. It is secreted by the gonads (sexual glands) and other sexual organs of male or hermaphroditic animals and can fertilize the female ovum. Humans, seminal fluid contains several components besides spermatozoa: proteolytic and other enzymes as well as fructose are elements of seminal fluid which promote the survival of spermatozoa, and provide a medium through which they can move or "swim". Semen is produced and originates from the seminal vesicle, which is located in the pelvis. The process that results in the discharge of semen is called ejaculation. Semen is also a form of genetic material. INTRODUCTION:
- 3. 3 Appearance and consistency: • Semen is typically translucent with white, grey or even yellowish tint. Blood in the semen can cause a pink or reddish colour, known as hematospermia, • and may indicate a medical problem which should be evaluated by a doctor if the symptom persists. • After ejaculation, the latter part of the ejaculated semen coagulates immediately, forming globules. while the earlier part of the ejaculate typically does not. • After a period typically ranging from 15 to 30 minutes, prostate-specific antigen present in the semen causes the decoagulation of the seminal coagulum. • It is postulated that the initial clotting helps keep the semen in the vagina, • while liquefaction frees the sperm to make their journey to the ova.
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- 6. 6 Transmission of disease: •hepatitis B and C. •chlamydia. •genital warts. •vaginitis. •HIV (the virus that causes AIDS)
- 7. 7 Chlamydia:
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- 10. 10 The prostate gland contributes about 30 percent of the seminal fluid. Seminal plasma of humans contains a complex range of organic and inorganic constituents. The constituents of its secretions are mainly citric acid, acid phosphatase, calcium, sodium, zinc, potassium, Vitamin C, protein-splitting enzymes, prostate specific antigen, and fibrolysin (an enzyme that reduces blood and tissue fibres). Semen also contains free amino acids, fructose, enzymes, phosphorylcholine,. 46 to 80 per cent of the fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles. Basic amines are also present such as putrescine, spermine, spermidine and cadaverine are responsible for the smell and flavor of semen.
- 11. 11 Property Per 100mL In average volume (3.4 mL) Calcium (mg) 27.6 0.938 Chloride (mg) 142 4.83 Citrate (mg) 528 18.0 Fructose (mg) 272 9.25 Glucose (mg) 102 3.47 Lactic acid (mg) 62 2.11 Magnesium (mg) 11 0.374 Potassium (mg) 109 3.71 Protein (mg) 5,040 171 Sodium (mg) 300 10.2 Urea (mg) 45 1.53 Zinc (mg) 16.5 0.561 Buffering capacity (β) 25 Osmolarity (mOsm) 354 pH 7.7 Viscosity (cP) 3–7 Volume (mL) 3.4 COMPOSITION
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- 14. During the process of ejaculation, sperm passes through the ejaculatory ducts and mixes with fluids from the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral glands to form the semen. The accessory genital ducts, the seminal vesicle, prostate glands, and the bulbourethral glands, produce most of the seminal fluid. 14
- 15. Q: Difference between sperm and seminal fluid ? Transport medium Activation of spermatozoal motility Provides nutritive substances Transport the spermatozoa to female egg Provides enzymes necessary to penetrate the ovum wall & fertilization Provides fructose for energy for sperm Lubrication To neutralize the acidity in the female reproductive tract (Ph: 7.2-8.0) Q: Why do sperm use fructose instead of glucose? 15
- 16. 16 Q: Seminal fluid is excretory or secretory fluid?
- 18. Reason for testing : • The most common reasons for laboratory semen analysis in humans are as part of a couple’s infertility investigation and in some cases after a vasectomy to verify that the procedure was successful. • It is also commonly used for testing human donors for sperm donation. • Forensic purpose 18
- 19. • Q: when TESA is performed ? 19
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- 21. The cryopreservation temperature is -70*C. 21
- 22. 22 Storage Semen can be stored in diluents such as the Illini Variable Temperature (IVT) diluent, which have been reported to be able to preserve high fertility of semen for over seven days. The IVT diluent is composed of several salts, sugars and antibacterial agents and gassed with co2. Semen cryopreservation can be used for far longer storage durations. For human sperm, the longest reported successful storage with this method is 21 years
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- 26. Q: what is supravital staining ? 26
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- 29. 29 Q: what is the role of zinc in seminal fluid ?
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- 34. Foods that increase sperm count • Dark chocolate • Spinach • Carrots • Nuts • Bananas • mushrooms 34
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