TSDP describes the importance and use of hyphens in medical writing. For details regarding publication medical writing training, contact: hello@turacoz.in
2. Nouns Combined With Adjectives
• Some nouns are combined with adjectives to indicate the condition of a person, place or thing
• Such combinations are hyphenated, such as cholesterol-induced, antibiotic-resistant, water-
soluble
– The first word in such combinations is always a noun which is followed by an adjective
Examples:
– The compound used for stabilizing the growth media is water-soluble (Not watery-soluble)
– Transcutaneous ultrasonography is useful for studying peripheral blood flow, particularly in the
assessment of endothelium-mediated vasodilation (Not endothelial-mediated)
3. Nouns Combined With Nouns
• Nouns which are linked to nouns usually indicate that they are of equal value, or that they have
some common characteristics
Example:
– His knowledge as a researcher-debater-educationist shows his hard work in his field of study
• Note that the slash mark (/) should not be used in noun-noun combination as it will indicate
that the words are separated, and not connected with each other
Example:
– His knowledge as a researcher/debater shows his hard work in his field of study
4. Numerals and Hyphens
• Hyphens are used for writing the quantity in numerals, such as 3.5-fold, 15-fold etc.
• When writing spelt-out words, hyphens are not used, such as threefold, tenfold etc.
Examples:
– A threefold decrease in the growth of bacteria was observed in cell-culture media containing
antibiotics
– Due to increased use of organic manures, the nutritional value of the lentils has increased 2-
fold
5. To Hyphenate, or
Not to Hyphenate!
Hyphens and Prefixes
• A hyphen is used when a proper noun, or an adjective follows a prefix
Examples:
– Anti-inflammatory agents, post-mortem, anti-social behavior etc.
• Some words starting with re- should be hyphenated to avoid ambiguity
Examples:
– Re-creation, re-mark, re-solve etc.
6. Non-breaking Hyphens
• Are used to avoid breaking of a text the end of a line
• Not really a hyphen; it is a command not to hyphenate
– A non-breaking hyphen in front of a word, or a group of characters, such as a phone number,
web address or email address, will not let the characters be hyphenated
• Can be inserted in a word document:
– By: Ctrl + shift + hyphen, or
– By selecting: Insert > Symbol> Special Characters > Non breaking Hyphen from the main
menu
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