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    Coulometry is a quantitative electroanalytical technique that measures the quantity of electricity (coulombs) required to oxidize or reduce an analyte during an electrolysis reaction. The amount of electricity passed is directly proportional to the amount of analyte, according to Faraday's laws of electrolysis. There are two main types of coulometric methods - constant current (amperometric) coulometry and constant potential (potentiometric) coulometry. Coulometry provides a highly sensitive and accurate means for determining inorganic and organic analytes, and is widely used for applications like inorganic analysis, analysis of radioactive materials, and microanalysis.

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    Coulometry is a quantitative electroanalytical technique that measures the quantity of electricity (coulombs) required to oxidize or reduce an analyte during an electrolysis reaction. The amount of electricity passed is directly proportional to the amount of analyte, according to Faraday's laws of electrolysis. There are two main types of coulometric methods - constant current (amperometric) coulometry and constant potential (potentiometric) coulometry. Coulometry provides a highly sensitive and accurate means for determining inorganic and organic analytes, and is widely used for applications like inorganic analysis, analysis of radioactive materials, and microanalysis.

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    214 views19 pages

    Coulometry

    Uploaded by

    kusum
    Coulometry is a quantitative electroanalytical technique that measures the quantity of electricity (coulombs) required to oxidize or reduce an analyte during an electrolysis reaction. The amount of electricity passed is directly proportional to the amount of analyte, according to Faraday's laws of electrolysis. There are two main types of coulometric methods - constant current (amperometric) coulometry and constant potential (potentiometric) coulometry. Coulometry provides a highly sensitive and accurate means for determining inorganic and organic analytes, and is widely used for applications like inorganic analysis, analysis of radioactive materials, and microanalysis.

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    of 19

    COULOMETRY

    -SAKSHI SOAM
    -ROLL NO: 10
    INTRODUCTION
    • Coulometry involves measurement of coulombs i.e. the measurement
    of quantity of charge/ electricity passed through the solution of an
    analyte when it is electrolyzed.

    • The quantity of electricity measured is for a specific reaction at an


    electrode in electrolysis.

    • The quantity measured can be related to the weight of the


    component through Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
    PRINCIPLE
    • During the electrolysis process , the total charge , Q ( coulombs ) ,
    passing through the electrolytic cell is proportional to the absolute
    amount of analyte as per FARADAY’S LAW.
    • Q(A.Sec)= n.F.NA…….. (1)

    • n=the number of electrons per mole of analyte


    • F=Faraday’s constant ( 96487 C mol-1)
    • NA=moles of analyte
    • Q=ite…….(2)
    • Te= time of electrolysis
    • i= constant current

    • COULOMETRIC ANALYSIS REQUIRES 100% CURRENT EFFICIENCY


    GRAVIMETRIC COULOMETER
    TYPES OF COULOMETRIC
    METHODS

    CONSTANT CURRENT ( AMPEROSTATIC)

    CONSTANT POTENTIAL ( POTENTIOSTATIC )


    CONSTANT CURRENT COULOMETRY
    • Amperostatic coulometry

    • Coulometric titrimetry ( electrons serve as the titrant)

    • Constant current is maintained until the indicator indicates the


    completion of the electrolytic reaction

    • At the end point potential of the working electrode shifts dramatically


    POTENTIOSTATIC COULOMETRY
    • The potential of the working electrode is held constant so that only
    the reaction of interest occurs and no other reaction.

    • With time the concentration of analyte decreases and as a result


    current also decreases.

    • Integrating the area in the curve from t=0 to t=te is the total charge
    Experimental setup
    • The three electrode potentiostat is used in controlled potential
    coulometry.

    • The working electrodes ( electrochemical generation of titrant) is


    usually one of two types: a cylindrical Pt electrode or a Hg pool
    electrode
    • The auxillary electrode or counter electrode ( Pt wire)

    • The electrode is separated by a salt bridge

    • A saturated calomel electrode or Ag/Agcl electrode serves as the


    reference electrode .
    INSTRUMENTATION
    APPLICATIONS
    • Inorganic analysis
    Determination of several metal ions eg. Iron, calcium.
     To determine the purity and impurity of Inorganic compound

    • Analysis of radioactive material


    Widely adopted for the determination of uranium and pluotinum and
    their extensive use in the nuclear energy field
    • Micro analysis
    Especially used for the determination of small amount of analyte
    (0.01-1mg) with an accuracy of (0.5%)

    • Electrolytic determination of organic compounds


     Controlled potential coulometry offers a new step for the electrolytic
    determination of organic compounds
    ADVANTAGES
    • Highly sensitive

    • Both time and current can be measured with high degree of precision
    and accuracy

    • No indicator electrode system is necessary( in potentiostatic) , since


    the magnitude of the final current is sufficient indication of the
    degree of completion of the reaction.
    REFERENCES
    • 11.3: Coulometric Methods - Chemistry LibreTexts. (n.d.). Retrieved June 25, 2021, from
    https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeastern_University/11%3A_Electrochemical_Methods
    /11.3%3A_Coulometric_Methods
    • Principles of Instrumental Analysis - Google Books. (n.d.). Retrieved June 25, 2021, from
    https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Principles_of_Instrumental_Analysis/D13EDQAAQBAJ?
    hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=SKOOG&printsec=frontcover
    • Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry - Arthur Israel Vogel, B. S. Furniss, A. J.
    Hannaford, A. R. Tatchell, P. W. G. Smith - Google Books. (n.d.). Retrieved June 25, 2021, from
    https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Vogel_s_textbook_of_practical_organic_ch.html?
    id=2eQPAQAAMAAJ
    THANKYOU

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