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    lenght contraction of otersmetals in daily life of industries and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    824 views9 pages

    Length Contraction

    Uploaded by

    khizar
    lenght contraction of otersmetals in daily life of industries and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 9

    Length Contraction

    Length Contraction:

    “Length of a body is measured to be the greatest


    when a body is at rest relative to the observer and
    when it moves with a velocity v relative to the
    observer, its measured length is contracted in the
    𝑣2
    direction of its motion by the factor (1 − ,
    𝑐2
    whereas its dimensions perpendicular to the
    direction of motion are unaffected.

    This contraction formally called Lorentz contraction


    or Lorentz - Fitzgerald contraction after Hendrik
    Lorentz and George Fitzgerald.
    Length contraction is only in the parallel to the
    direction in which the observed body is travelling.

    Y Y'
    Rod
    t꞊ot t꞊ot'
    X X'
    O O'

    Z'
    Z

    Observer
    Length contraction Derivation:

    𝐿0 𝑣 2ൗ
    L꞊ ꞊𝐿0 1 − 𝑐2
    ɤ(𝑣)
    WHERE
    • 𝑳𝟎 is the proper length(the length of the object
    in its rest frame)
    • L is the length observed by the observer in
    relative motion with respect to the object.
    • v is the relative velocity between the observer
    and the moving object.
    • c is the speed of light.
    And the Lorentz factor, ɤ(𝑣),is defined as
    1
    ɤ(𝑣) ꞊
    2
    1−𝑣 ൗ𝑐2
    Example:
    A particle is traveling through the earth’s atmosphere
    at a speed of 0.750 c. To an earth-bound observer, the
    distance it travels is 2.50 km. How far does the
    particle travel in the particle’s frame of reference?
    Solution:
    𝒗 𝟐
    L ꞊ 𝑳𝟎 𝟏− ൗ 𝟐
    𝒄

    (0.75)2
    L ꞊ (2.50km) 1 − ൗ𝑐 2

    L ꞊ 1.65 km
    Length in Classical Physics
    • In classical physics in addition to direct measurement
    another way to determine the length of the ruler is by
    calculating the difference between the spatial coordinates
    of the endpoints of the ruler.
    • Here Lo=x’’ – x’
    Length representation (The Ruler)
    • A ruler is the best material to represent a length on a one
    dimensional scale. There are many types of rulers.The
    one we are going to use is the universal one.It has no
    units.So it can be of any scale or length.
    Rest Length or Proper Length
    • The length of a rod or ruler can be determined by direct
    measurement when it is at rest with respect to an obsever.
    The resultant length of the ruler at the rest is called the
    ‘rest length’ or ‘Proper length’ of the body.
    Graph of Length Contraction

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