501 Turkmen Verbs

501 Turkmen
Verbs
A
1. açmak – to open, turn on (light or machine)
Usualy uses acusative case.
Men gapyny açdym.

I opened the door.
Biz täze magazin açdyk.
We opened a new store.
Telewizory açsana.
Please turn on the television.
2. aglamak – to cry
Usually uses “üçin”.
Düýn ýitiren pulym üçin otyryp agladym.

Yesterday I sat down and cried over the money I lost.
Gynançly kino görsem, uzakly gün aglaýan.
When I see a sad movie I cry all day.
3. aglatmak – to make someone cry, bring someone to tears.
Usually uses accusative case.
Ýuwaş bolsaň, seni köp kişi aglatýar.

If you‟re shy, many people make you cry.
Çagaň elinden oýunjagyny alyp aglatmasana!
Don‟t make the child cry by taking his toys (from his hand).
4. agralmak – to gain weight, advance in pregnancy, worsen, grow more

complicated (of an illness).
Usually uses no noun case.
Iýip – içip, kän hereket etmeseň kiläň çalt agralýar.

If you eat and drink and aren‟t very active you‟ll gain weight quickly.
Şekerem indi gowy agralypdyr.
Sheker has become more noticeably pregnant. (She will have the baby
soon.)
Jemaly sorap gaýtmaly, öňkisinem agyrlaşypdyr.
We should visit Jemal, she‟s even worse than before.
5. agyr degmek – to offend, insult
Usually uses dative case.
Bes etsene! Seň o sözleriňi eşitmek maňa agyr degýär.

Stop! Hearing those words of yours offends me.
Ol o halyny görmek ejesine agyr degýär.
Seeing him in that condition upsets his mother.
6. agyrmak – to hurt, ache
Usually uses genative case.
Onuň eli agyrýar.

His hand hurts.
Ýadasaň, endam-janyň agyrýar.
If (when) you‟re tired, your entire body aches.
7. agyrtmak – to injure, hurt (someone else), inflict pain
Usually uses accusative and dative cases.
Etli jamy göterip bilimi agyrtdym.

I carried the big bowl of meat and injured my spine.
Birden kän ylgasaň, aýagyňy agyrdarsyň.
If you run too much you‟ll hurt your legs.
Aýagyma degen daş gaty agyrtdy.
The rock that hit my leg really hurt.
Ah zannyýaman, hiç zada jan agyrdanok.
Oh that jerk? He doesn‟t care about anything.
8. ajykmak – to be hungry
Okuwdan gelemde gaty ajykýan.

When I come home from school I‟m very hungry.
9. akmak – to flow, run (of water)
Hany açyp gör, krant akýarmykan.

Go and turn on the faucet, see if the water‟s running.
Gyş gaty sowuk bolsa, derýalaryň suwy akanok.
If winter is very cold, the rivers‟ waters won‟t flow.
Azotly gök-önümler iki günden akyp ýatyr.
Within a couple days fertilized vegetables liquefy.
Maňa-da pul akyp gelenok.
Money doesn‟t just flow my way. (I have to work for it).
10. aldamak – to lie, deceive
Men seni aldadym.

I lied to you.
Ah, aldap uzaga gidip bolmaz.
You can‟t get far by lying.
Aldamaga ökde adamlar kän.
There are many skilled at lying.
11. aldanmak – to be decieved, misled
Men onuň sözlerine aldandym.

I was misled by his words.
Sen Merediň daş keşbine aldanma.
Don‟t be deceived by Meret‟s appearance.
12. algyramak – to be uneasy, nervous, confused
Iki gündir, aljyrap näme etjegimi bilemok.

These days, I‟m confused about what to do (with my life).
Gyssamasana! Onsuzam aljyrap elim-aýagym ýitýär.
Don‟t rush me! I‟m nervous enough already.
Şu wagt gaty aljyraýan.
Right now I‟m very confused.
13. almak – to take, get, receive, marry
Usually uses accusative and instrumental cases.
Serdar Jahandan hat aldy.

Serdar received a letter from Jahan.
Biz bazardan gök-önümleri aldyk.
We took (bought) vegetables from the bazaar.
Şuny alsana!
Please take this!
Men täze kompýuter aldym.
I got a new computer.
Meret Jemaly alýar.
Meret is going to marry Jemal.
14. alyp barmak – to take with (to take something and leave with it), lead
Bu ygnagy direktor alyp barýar.

The director is leading this meeting.
Men toýyňyza Jerenem alyp bararyn.
I‟m going to take Jeren to your wedding as well.
15. alyp gelmek – to bring to (to take something and bring it to someone)
Men buny daşardan alyp geldim.

I brought this in from outside.
Bazara gidip şeker alyp gelmeli.
You must go to the bazaar and bring back (some) sugar.
Bar, çaltjak jigiňi alyp gel.
Go get your little sister and bring her over here.
16. aňkamak – to stink, smell bad, reek
Tomusyň güni, köp kişiden deriň ysy aňkap dur.

During the summer, the smell of many people‟s sweat stinks.
Içip gelipsiň öýdýän, üstüň aňkap dur.
I bet you went out drinking, you reek (of alcohol).
17. aňmak – to realize, understand
Men olaryň niýitini aňýan.

I understand their intention.
Ol Jumaň geljegini aňypdyr.
She realized (saw) Juma‟s future.
18. arassalamak – to clean, peel
Her gün diýen ýaly içerini irden arassalamaly.

Every morning you must clean the household the same way.
Kömek etjek bolsaň sogan-kartoşkalary arassala.
If you‟re going to help, peel the onions and the potatoes.
19. arz etmek – to complain
Usually uses instrumental case.
Sen günüňden arz etseň, bizä bilmedik.

If you complain about everything, we can‟t help you.
Başlyk bilen oňuşman arz edipdirler.
They didn‟t get along with their boss so they complained.
20. arzuw etmek – to wish, dream
Saňa uzak ömür, jan saglyk arzuw edýän.

I wish you a lifetime of good health.
Ýurt görmäni arzuw edýän-dä.
I dream of seeing other countries.
21. asgyrmak – to sneeze
Usually uses locative case.
Agyzyňy eliň bilen tutman, iliň içinde asgyrma.

Don‟t sneeze around others without covering your mouth.
Näsagy gün urany üçin ýygy-ýygydan asgyrýar.
People with heat exhaustion sneeze a lot.
Allergiýaly adam asgyragan bolýar.
The guy with allergies is sneezing.
22. asmak – to hang (up)
Gunça ütüklenen eşikleri ýerli-ýerinden asdy.

Guncha hung up the ironed clothes in their proper places.
Daş etsin, Jeren özüni asypdyr.
Jeren hung herself. May that never happen to me.
Göreldeli okuwçylaryň suraty zaldan asyldy.
The exemplary students‟ pictures were hung in the hall.
23. atmak – to add (while cooking), drop (an object), shoot (i.e. a gun), throw (over),
cover
Awçylar bir keýigi iki gezek atypdyr.

The hunters shot a deer two times.
Naharyň duzuny az atypsyň.
You put too little salt in the food.
Döwük telewizory küle atdyk.
We threw the broken television in the ash (trash).
Eginiňe birzat atmasaň üşärsiň. Daşary çyg.
It‟s chilly out. If you don‟t cover your shoulders you‟ll catch cold.
24. aýlamak – to take a walk, stroll, travel around, turn (change direction)
Okuwçylar muzeýe aýlandy.

The students took a walk to the museum.
Öýme-öý aýlanyp ýöremede, öýde otur.
Don‟t go wandering from house to house, stay at home.
Senden aýlanaýyn, bar şu gaplaram ýuwup gel.
Hey, be a dear and go wash these dishes too.
Onuň dünýä aýlanasy gelýär.
He wants to travel around the world.
25. aýlanmak – see aýlamak
Çarşamba günleri we anna günleri öwülýä aýlansaň gowy.

It‟s best to stroll about (visit) the cemetery on Wednesdays or Fridays.
26. aýnamak – to flirt, show off, be spoiled, screw around
Körpe çaga yüz berseň, aýnap başlaýar.

If you give all your attention to a small child, he will get spoiled.
Aladasyz adam aýnap gürlegen bolýar.
A man without worries becomes a show off and a talker.
Aýnama-da, diýleni et!
Quit screwing around and do what you‟re told!
27. aýrylyşmak - to divorce (one another), be separated from
Usually uses “bilen”.
Ol Myrat bilen ayrylyşypdyr.

She and Myrat got divorced. OR. She divorced Myrat.
Maya ayrylyşypdyr.
Maya got divorced.
Gunça dagy ayrylyşýar.
Guncha (and her husband) are getting a divorce.
28. aýtmak – to tell, say, sing
Men oňa ertir gitmelidigini aýtdym.

I told him he must go tomorrow.
Men her gün gije jigilerime erteki aýdyp berýärdim.
I used to tell fairytales to my little brothers and sisters every night.
Men gowy aýdyp bilýän.
I can sing well.
29. azaşmak – to get lost
Biz şäherde azaşdyk.

We got lost in the city.
Jigim ikimiz geçen yýl azaşdyk.
My little sister (or brother) and I got lost last year.
B
30. bagly bolmak – to depend on
Birine bagly bolup iş etmek kyn.

Depending on someone else to do work is difficult.
Birine barsaň, erkinlik bolanok, baranyňa bagly bolýaň.
If you marry someone, freedom is lost, and you will depend on your
spouse.
31. bagyşlamak – to forgive, excuse, give (as a gift), dedicate
Gynanma, men seni bagyşladym.

Don‟t worry, I forgive you.
Garaşsyzlyga bagyşlap uly dabara geçirdik.
We had a big celebration dedicated to independence.
Atam bize miras bagyş eder öýdemok.
I don‟t think our grandfather is going to give us his inheritance.
32. bakmak – to look after (animals), look
Yzyňa bakman git.

Go and don‟t look back.
Meň jigim geçidir goýun bakýar.
My little brother looks after the goats and the sheep.
33. barmak – to go, to marry (for a woman), gerrund
Men sagat ikilere Aşgabada bararyn.

I will go to Ashgabat at 2 o‟clock.
Sen olaryň toýyna bardyňmy?
Did you go to their wedding?
Merjen Aşyra barýar.
Merjen is going to marry Ashyr.
“Barmak” can also be used in conjunction with certain verbs to express continual action
or something that is “almost” or “about to be” completed. Please note the following
examples.
Men mekdebe gidip barýan.

I‟m on my way to school.
Men Aşgabada ýetip barýan.
I‟m almost to Ashgabat.
Sen doýup barýaňmy?
Are you getting (almost) full?
Men köýnegimi goýup barýan.
I almost left my shirt behind.
34. baryp görmek – to visit
Men iki ýyl mundan öň Parahatçylyk Korpusyna baryp gördim.

Two years ago I visited Peace Corps.
Men siziň öýünize baryp göremok.
I have never visted your house.
35. basmak – to press, step on, imprison, hold down, conquer, dominate, win (a
game), overgrow
Gynçagy basaýma!
Don‟t step on the broken glass!
Daş etsin, Gurbany basypdyrlar!
They‟ve imprisoned Gurban! May that never happen to me.
Şu matany kesinçäm, aňyr çetinden basyp dur.
Hold that edge down until I finish cutting this material.
36. basyp almak – to take control of (a nation), take over
Gökdepe galasy wagşylyk we nadanlyk bilen basylyp alynypdyr.

The Gokdepe fortress was taken over with brutality and deceit.
Orsiýet köp ýurtlary basyp aldy.
Russia took over many countries.
37. baş aýlanmak - to be dizzy
Dawleniýam düşdi öýdýän, başym aýlanýar.

I think my blood pressure dropped, I‟m getting dizzy.
Bir ýerde otursana! Ýöreýşine başym aýlanýar.
Please sit somewhere! I‟m getting dizzy from all your wandering around.
38. başarmak – to be able to, can

Men başarmajak işime-de baş goşýan wagtym bolýar.
There are times when I try to do things that (I know) I won‟t be able to do.
Ol käbir terjime etmegi başaranok.
He can‟t translate very well.
39. başlamak – to begin, start
Men fransuz dilini öwrenip başladim.

I started learning French.
Kino başlady, kän gürlemäň.
The movie started, don‟t talk so much.
40. batmak – to set (i.e. the sun), sink, go bankrupt
Dükanyň pulyny men alyp batyrdym.

I was the one squandering the store‟s money (and making it go bankrupt).
Düýn gün batanda gyzardy.
Yesterday, the sun reddened as it set.
Kerpiçli maşyn gumda batdy.
The brick filled truck sunk in the sand.
Gyşda batga batman ýöräp bilemok.
In the winter I can‟t walk without sinking in the marshlands.
41. begendirmek – to make someone happy, bring someone joy
Oglynyň “kaka” sözi ony biçak begendirdi.

When his son said the word “Daddy” it made him extremely happy.
Doglan günim jigim bilen ejem maňa sowgat berip begendirdiler.
On my birthday my mother and little sister made me happy by giving me a
present.
42. begenmek – to be happy, glad, joyful or excited
Seň geleniňe begendim.

I was happy you came.
Daşary ýurda gitsek begenerdik, hä?
If we all traveled abroad we‟d be happy, wouldn‟t we?
43. bejermek – to fix, repare, adorn, manufacture, work (e.g. lang)
Men maşynymy bejerdim.

I fixed my car.
Men maşynymy bejertdim.
I had my car fixed.
Maňa beýle ýumuş tabşyrma, bejermen.
Don‟t entrust me with that task, I won‟t be able to do it.
Sen-ä bejerdiň-ow!
Hey great job! (Sarcastic expression for men).
Sen-ä bejeräýdiň!
Hey great job! (Sarcastic expression for women)
Gurban sagat bejerýär.
Gurban is repairing the watch.
Bu çabyt owadan bejerilipdir.
This chabyt (women‟s wedding dress) was well adorned.
44. bellemek – to celebrate, nominate, apoint, pay attention to
Düýn men ýaş toýymy belledim.

Yesterday I celebrated my birthday.
Meret täze işe bellenipdir.
Meret was appointed for a new job.
Men seň diýen zatlarynyň baryny belledim.
I paid attention to everything you said.
Aşyr toýda tans edip bellendi.
At the party, Ashyr drew attention to himself by dancing badly. (i.e. he
made and ass of himself).
45. bermek – to give, provide, offer, gerrund
Men saňa bu kitaby bererin.

I will give you this book.
Sygyrymyz kän süýt berýär.
Our cow gives a lot of milk.
Ejem maňa pul berdi.
My mother gave me money.
46. bezemek – to decorate
Toý edilýän öýler bezelýär.

The houses that had the party were decorated.
Men köýnegimi hünji düzip bezeldim.
I decorated my dress with rhinestones.
Çagalar her ýyl täze ýyl arçasyny bezeýär.
Children decorate the New Year‟s juniper every year.
47. beýtmek – to do like that, do in such a way
Beýdip oturmasaň, gelşiksiz.

If you don‟t sit like this it‟s impolite.
Näme kagyzlary zaýalaýaň, beýtmesene.
Why are you ruining those pages, don‟t do that.
48. biçmek – to tailor, castrate
Egin-eşigi anna güni biçmeli.

You must tailor your clothes on Friday.
Şu gün sen geçileri biçmeli.
Today you must castrate the goats.
49. bil baglamak – to trust, rely on, count on
Men hiç kime bil baglamok.

I don‟t trust anyone.
Sen bu meselede maňa bil baglap bilersiň.
You can count on me in this situation.
Köplenç diňe özüne bil baglamaly.
Usually, you should only rely on yourself.
50. bildiriş etmek – to announce
Käbir edaralar işgär gerek bolsa gazetlere bildiriş berýär.

When some companies need workers they announce it to the newspaper.
51. bildirmek – to express, make known, warn
Men oňa gynanýanymy bildirmedim.

I didn‟t let her know that I was sorry.
Howa çyg bolsa, elimiň döwelen yeri bildirýär.
If the weather is chilly, the break in my arm makes itself known (i.e. it
hurts).
Ol kimdigini bildirdi.
He expressed (showed) his true self.
52. bilmek – to know, gerund
Ol bu goşygy ýatdan bilýär.

He knows this poem by heart. (lit. from memory)
Men şäheri bäş barmagym ýaly bilýän.
I know the city well. (lit. like my five fingers)
Combining the stem of most verbs with “yp” or “ip” (according to the rules of
Turkmen vowel harmony) and conjugating “bilmek” in the appropriate form
signifies the ability to do something. Thus, it roughly translates to “can”, “to be
able to”, or “to know how to do something”. For example:
Sen iňglisçe okap bilýäň.

You know how to read English.
Durdy maşyn sürüp bilýär.
Durdy can drive a car.
53. bişirmek – to cook, bake, fry
Agşama nahary sen bişirsene!

Tonight you cook dinner!
Biz köke bişirdik.
We baked cookies.
Bu gyzgyna bişirjek.
This heat‟s going to cook us.
54. bişmek – to be cooked, ripen (of fruit or vegetables)
Agşamky palow gowy bişipdr.

Last night‟s palow was well cooked.
Üzümler eýýäm bişipdir.
The grapes are already ripe.
Bugda banka goýamda tas elim bişipdir.
When I put the jar in the steaming water I almost burned my hand.
Maral eje ýüregi ýaraly bişip otyr.
Grandmother Maral is broken hearted.
55. bitmek – to be fulfilled, accomplished, completed, heal, grow
Elimdäki ýara bitdi.

The wound on my hand healed.
Tyg yarasy biter, söz yarasy bitmez.
A blade‟s cut heals, a word‟s cut doesn‟t.
Jaýyň gurluşygy bitdi.
The construction of the house was completed.
Arslanyň eken ekini gowy bitýär.
The vegetables Arslan planted grew well.
56. blowuplamak – to blow it up, go huge, ball outta control
Men Danyň toýynda iki owandan gyz bilen köp blowupladym.

I hella blew up with two hot chicks at Dan‟s party.
Men Afrikada dostlarym bilen hökman blowuplaryn!
I‟m gonna go huge in Africa wit my dawgz fo‟ sheez!
Men syýahat edemde blowuplamagy örän halaýan.
When I travel, I hella like to ball outta control.
57. bogmak – to tie (up), strangle
Haltaň agyzyny bog.

Tie up the mouth of the bag
Jemalyň başyny bogjak bolýas.
We are going to strangle Jemal‟s head. (i.e We are going to encourage
Jemal to get married).
Men hemişe saçymy bogýan.
I always tie up my hair (in a ponytail).
58. bogulmak – to choke
Mallary syrtmakly ýüp bilen daňsaň bogulýar.

If you tie the animals up with a noose they will choke.
59. bolmak – to be, become, finish, gerrund
Meret uly adam bolupdyr.

Meret became an adult.
Güljahan, nesip bolsa, basym doktor bolar.
Guljahan, god willing, will soon be a doctor.
When used in conjunction with another verb in the “ip/yp” construction “bolmak” means
to “finish doing something”. The object of the sentence takes on whatever case the initial
verb gives it. For example:
Men bu kitaby okap boldym.

I finished reading this book.
60. bolup geçmek – to happen (in the past), live (in the past)
Bir döwürler uly hanlar bolup geçipdir.

Long ago, there lived many great kings.
Bolup geçsin, edenimi edip ýaşajak.
Let it be, I will do what I want with my life.
61. bombalamak – to bomb
Amerika iragy bombalaýar.

America is bombing Iraq.
62. boşatmak – to release, dismiss, fire (from a job), unload ( i.e. a truck), empty
Men seni işden boşatdym.

I fired you (from work).
Howzuň suwyny boşatdyk.
We emptied the well‟s water.
Seň ýanyňda içimi boşatdym.
I opened myself up to you.
Gijelerine itimizi boşatýas.
We release our dog at night.
63. boýun almak – to take responsibility
Ol käsäni döwenini boýun almady.

He didn‟t take responsibility for breaking the teacup.
Ol salatlary etmegi boýun aldy.
He took responsibility for making the salads.
64. boýun egmek – to obey
Men saňa boýun egmerin.

I won‟t obey you.
Oňa boýun egmekden başga ýol ýok.
You have no choice but to obey her.
Nemisler sowetleri boýun egdirip bilmediler.
The Germnas couldn‟t subjugate the Soviets.
65. bozmak – to erase, destroy, ruin, break, melt
Tagta ýazylan sözlemi bozmaly.

You must erase the sentence written on the calkboard.
Ýalan söz adamlaryň arasyny bozýar.
Lies ruin people‟s relationships.
Kümüş gupbany bozdyryp brožka ýasadýarlar.
Broaches are made by melting silver gupas.
66. bölmek – to divide, interrupt, distract
Biz goýuny ikä böldik.

We divided the sheep (meat) in two.
Meň sözümi bölme!
Don‟t interrupt me!
Meň ünsümi bölme!
Don‟t distract me!
67. buýsanmak – to be proud of
Ejem maňa buýsanýandyr.

My mother must be proud of me.
Biz watanymyza buýsanýas.
We are proud of our nation.
68. bükmek – to fold (i.e. dumplings, pies), go crooked (i.e. back)
Jahan börek bükýär.

Jahan is folding borek.
Orazyň bili bükülipdir.
Oraz‟s spine went crooked.
Uzakly gün maşyn sürüp bilim büküldi.
My spine went crooked from driving all day.
Ç
69. çagyrmak – to invite, call for
Men seni hökman toýuma çagyraryn.

I will certainly invite you to my wedding.
Mugallym Jumany çagyrýar.
The teacher is calling (for) Juma.
70. çak etmek – to guess
Yssy howa Awgustyň 15-lerine geçer diýip çak edýän.

I‟m guessing that the hot weather will pass around August 15.
71. çaklamak – to guess, imagine
Ejeş ertir geler (ger) diýip çaklamandym.

I never guessed Ejesh would come tomorrow.
72. çakmak – to sting, strike (i.e. a match), bite (i.e. snake)
Jumany ýylan çakypdyr.

A snake bit Juma.
Seni biri çakypdyr öýdýän, öňki bolşuň ýok.
I think something must have struck you, you‟re not like you were before.
Ary meni çakdy.
A bee stung me.
73. çalmak – to play (instrument), apply (a cream etc.), sharpen, slap, hit, stir
Atam dutar çalýar.

My grandfather plays the dutar.
Bar, bir azajyk süzme-de çalsana.
Go and stir the suzme a little bit.
Arslan pyçagy gowy çalýar.
Arslan sharpens the knife well.
Ol gaharyna bir şarpyk çalanyny duýman galdy.
When he got angry he didn‟t realize he had slapped her.
Meň ýüzüme krem çaldym.
I applied cream to my face.
74. çalyşmak – to exchange, change
Usually uses accusative case and/or “bilen”.

Men jigim bilen telefonymy çalyşdym.
I exchanged (traded) telephones with my sister.
Telewizor bilen kitaptekejäň ýerini çalyşmaly.
The bookcase must trade places with the television.
Men köýnegimi çalyşdym.
I changed my shirt.
Men gowy adam boljak bolup çalyşýan.
I‟m tryng to be (change into) a good man.
75. çatmak – to sew, connect (i.e. a computer)
Köýnegiň egnini çatmaly.

You must sew the shoulder of the dress.
Sentri telewizora çatdyňmy?
Did you connect the sterio to the TV?
76. çaý demlemek – to prepare tea
Her gün irden ejem çaý demleýär.

Every morning my moter prepares tea.
77. çaýkamak – to rinse, sway (i.e. a car or a boat)
Gap-gaçlary çaýkasana!
Please rinse the dishes!
78. çekmek – to draw (a picture), pull, carry, last, lay, extend, embroider, weigh, take
something personal
Silas suraty gowy çekýär.

Silas drew pictures very well.
Gapyny çek!
Pull the door (open or closed)!
Bir kilo et çeksene.
Weigh one kilo of meat.
Jahan keşde çekmäge ökde.
Jahan is good at embroidering.
Biziň gürrünümiz uzaga çekýär.
Our conversation lasted a long time.
Kartalara keş çekilýär.
Rows are laid in the crop fields.
Sen näme, çilim çekýäňmi?!
What?! You smoke?!
Meni Hemraň bolşy özüne çekýär.
I‟m drawn to Hemra‟s character.
Özüňe çekdiňmi?
Did you take that personally? (i.e. Did you think I was talking about you?)
Ejem agyr keşgi çekdi.
My mother led a difficult family life.
79. çenemek – to aim, take aim, point
Ýene bir gezek, maňa ýumruk çenäýme!

Don‟t point (raise) your fist at me again!
Daşy çenäp zyň.
Take aim and throw the rock.
Tüpeňi gowy çenemeli.
You must aim the rifle well.
80. çeýnemek- to chew (out)
Käwagt sakgyç çeýneýän.

Sometimes I chew gum.
Maral olary çeýnäpdir.
Maral chewed them out.
Bir zat iýeňde gowy çeýne.
When you eat something chew it well.
81. çäre görmek – to discipline, find a way
Şähere baryp ýeke ýaşamak kyndyr welin, bir çäresini görersiň-dä.

It‟s difficult to go and live in the city alone, but you will find a way.
Işini wagtynda etmeýänlere bir çäre görmeli.
We must discipline those who don‟t do their work on time.
Bergiden çykmagyň çaresini görmeli.
I must find a way to get out of debt.
82. çiňňermek – to stare (at someone)
Maňa çiňňerme! / Maňa çiňňerip seretme!

Don‟t stare at me!
83. çişmek – to swell (up), rise (i.e. dough)
Gulnaryň eli çişipdir.

Gulnar‟s hand swelled up.
Hamyrymyz gowy çişipdir.
Our dough rose well.
Güne ýatsaň çişersiň, öýe gir.
If you sleep under the sun you will swell up. Get in the house.
Azada gep berip çişiripdirler.
They made Azat angry by gossiping about him.
Beýdip çişip oturma, näme bolan bolsa maňa aýt!
Don‟t give me the silent treatment like that, tell me what happened!
84. çokunmak – to pray (worship)
Bir wagtlarda oda çokunupdyrlar.

Long ago, people used to worship fire.
85. çökmek – to go bankrupt (run out of money), kneel, sink, collapse
Usually uses genitive and locative cases.
Mekan Baharyň öňünde dyza çökdi.

Mekan kneelt in front of Bahar.
Suwdaky gumlar aşak çökdi.
The sand in the water sunk to the bottom.
Bu jaý çöküpdir.
This house collapsed.
Bank çöküpdir.
The bank ran out of money.
86. çözmek – to untie, unravel, solve, decide
Şu ýüpi çözsene.
Untie this rope!
Bu meseläni öz aramyzda çözeli.
Let‟s solve this problem between us.
Gurbanlaňam bir düwnüni çözmeli.
We must untie this knot (solve this problem) with the Gurban‟s.
87. çüýlemek – to hammer (in), pound (lit. and fig.), put someone in their place
Mekan aýnany gowy çüýläpdir.

Mekan hammered in the window well.
Merjen Amany gowy edip çüýläpdir.
Merjen really put Aman in his place.
88. çydamak – to tolerate, withstand, last, holdout, deal with
Men yaramyň agyryşyna çydamok.

I can‟t stand the pain of my wound.
Men onuň aglaýşyny görmäge çydamadym.
I couldn‟t stand seeing her cry.
Men şu kynçylyklara çydamok.
I won‟t tolerate these difficulties.
89. çykarmak – to pull out, extract, take off (i.e. clothes), publish, produce, export,
print
Usually uses accusative, dative, and instrumental cases.
Stakanlary şkafdan çykar.

Take the glasses from the cupboard.
“Petir” zawody her hili köke çykarýar.
“Petir” factory produces all kinds of cookies.
Şu hatyň üç kopiýasyny çykarsana.
Please print three copies of this letter.
Türkmenistan daşary ýurda gaz çykarýar.
Turkmenistan exports gas to other countires.
Ol Türkmenistan barada kitap çykardy.
He published a book about Turkmenistan.
Öye gireňde köwüşüňi çykarsana.
Please take your shoes off when you go inside.
90. çykmak – to leave, exit, climb, seem, appear, materialize, perform (i.e. a play),
take off (i.e. clothes), come from, deviate from, to be too small for, gerrund
Usually uses dative and instrumental cases.
Daşaryk çykma, sowuk.

Don‟t go outside, it‟s cold.
Merjen daga çykdy.
Merjen climbed a mountain.
Sen sahna çykjakmy?
Are you goning to perform on stage?
Bu matadan köýnek çykmaz.
This isn‟t enough material to make a dress.
Way, bu pul nireden çykdy?
Hey, where did this money come from?
Ol mekdepden çykdy.
He left school.
Ýüzümden dürtük çykdy.
A zit appeared on my face.
Maşyn garaždan çykdy.
The car exited the garage.
Bu köýnek menden çykdy.
This shirt is too small for me.
91. çyzmak – to draw
Tagta şu şekilleri çyz.

Draw these shapes on the blackboard.
Diwaryň ýüzüne çyzaýma.
Don‟t draw on the wall.
D
92. dakmak – to put on (i.e. jewelry), put up (i.e. curtains), call or give a name
Sen kän ýüzük dakynýaň.

You wear a lot of rings.
Maňa at dakma!
Don‟t call me names!
Bäbege näme at dakjak?
What name are you going to give the baby?
Öýe täze tuty dakdyk.
We put up new curtains in the house.
Gelnime ýüzük dakdym.
I put the ring on my bride.
93. dañmak – to tie (a knot), tie up, bandage]

Aman galstugy gowy daňýar.
Aman ties his tie well.
Barmagymy kesdim, daňyp bersene.
I cut my finger, please bandage it.
94. daramak – to comb
Men saçymy daradym.

I combed my hair.
95. datmak – to taste, eat a small amount, add (while cooking)
Naharyň duzuny datsana.

Taste the food‟s salt (to see if there‟s enough). OR. Please eat a little bit of
food (before you leave).
Palowdan azajyk datdym.
I tasted a little bit of palow.
Naharyma gara burç datsana!
Please add black pepper to my food.
96. degişmek – to joke
Men kän degişemok.

I don‟t joke a lot.
Ol çagalar bilen degişýär.
He jokes with the children.
97. degmek – to touch (unintentionally), hit (collide with), touch upon (an issue),
offend, upset, stop by, pay off, make it
Tejene gidemde mamamlara degdim.

When I went to Tejen I stopped by my grandmother‟s.
Orazlara gitmäge elim degmez.
I won‟t be able to make it to Oraz‟s.
Meret instituta giripdir, köp okanyna degdi.
Meret go in to the institute, looks like all his studying paid off.
Maňa degme.
Don‟t touch me!
Sen Gözeliň göwnüne degipsiň.
You‟ve offended Gozel.
Aýagyma daş degdi.
A roch hit my leg.
98. deňişdirmek – to compare, collate, check, verify
Usually uses accusative case and “bilen”.
Men ony Jemal bilen deňişdirdim.

I compared her with Jemal.
Bar köwşi deňişdirip çykdym, hiç biri bolmady.
I tried on all the shoes, none of them would fit.
Eliňdäki haltalary deňişdir, haýsysy uly bolsa alaý.
Compare the bags in your hands and whichever one is biggest, take it.
99. depmek – to kick, race off (leave suddenly)
Gapyny depme.
Don‟t kick the door.
Meret Öwezi depdi.
Meret kicked Owez.
100. deşmek – to puncture, make a hole, pierce
Diwary deşdim.
I made a hole in the wall.
Çüý bilen deş.
Make a hole with the nail.
Şu ýüp geçer ýaly deşmeli.
You must make a hole big enough for this rope to pass through.
Meňliň gulagyny enesi deşdi.
Mengli‟s grandmother pierced her ears.
101. diňlemek – to listen
Okuwçylar mugallymy diňleýär.

The students listen to the teacher.
Sen meniň diýenimi diňläňok.
You‟re not listening to what I‟m saying.
Atam saz diňleýär.
My grandfather is listening to music.
102. dişlemek – to bite (into)
Oglanjygy it dişledi.
The dog bit the little boy.
Almany dişledim.
I bit into the apple.
103. diýmek – to say, tell
Men oňa ertir git diýdim.

I told him to go tomorrow.
Men saňa beýtme diýdim.
I told you not to do that.
Beýtme diýdim!
I said don‟t do that!
104. dogmak – to be born, give birth, rise (i.e. the sun)
Tomus gün ir dogýar.

In summertime the sun rises early.
105. dogramak – to chop, cut up
Ol et dogrady.
He cut up the meat.
Soganlary artyp dogra.
Peel the onions and chop them up.
106. dogulmak – to be born, give birth
Şeker 3-inji Maýda Babadaýhanda doguldy.

Sheker was born in Babadayhan on the 3rd of May.
107. dogur(t)mak – to give birth, deliver, impregnate
Ol iki çaga dogurdy.

She gave birth to two children.
Ony Mähri dogtor dogurtdy.
Dr. Mahri delivered her baby and looked after her, etc.
108. dolandyrmak – to govern, rule
Ol bir hojalygy dolandyrýar.

She governs one household.
Prezident ýurdy dolandyrýar.
The president rules the country.
109. doldurmak – to fill up, reach, achieve, fill out (a form)
Şu dokumenti doldur.
Fill out this document.
Stakany suwdan doldur.
Fill the glass with water.
Okuwçylar zaly doldurdylar.
The students filled the hall.
110. doňdurmak – to freeze, pause (i.e. movie)
Eti dogramankaň azajyk doňdur.

Before you cut up the meat, freeze it a little.
Men gelinçäm kasetany doňdursana.
Pause the tape until I come back.
Daşaryk çyksaň, doňdurjak.
If you go outside, you‟ll freeze.
111. doňmak – to freeze, harden
Daşary gaty sowuk, tas doňupdym.

It‟s really cold outside, I almost froze.
Mesge eýýäm doňdy.
The butter already hardened.
112. doýmak – to be full, tired of
Men nahardan doýdym.

I‟m full (of food).
Meret ondan doýdy.
Meret is tired of him.
113. dökmek – to pour out, dump, spill
Şu gapdaky suwy dök.

Pour out the water in this container.
Almalar agajyndan ýere dökülip otyr.
The apples from the tree are falling all over the ground.
Men keçä çaý dökdim.
I spilled tea on the rug.
114. dönmek – to turn back, turn, return, come back, retract or break (one’s words),
reject
Çepiňe dön.
Turn to your left.
Men düýn döndim.
I came back (returned) yesterday.
Jemal sözünden dönmez.
Jemal won‟t break her word.
115. döretmek – to found (i.e. an organization), establish (i.e. an organization),

create
Magtymguly müňlerçe goşgy döretdi.

Magtymguly created (wrote) thousands of poems.
Türkmenler garaşsyz döwlet döretdiler.
The Turkmen created an independent government.
Şu şereket elli ýyl mundan öň döredildi.
This company was founded/established fifty years ago.
116. döwmek – to break
Usually uses acusative case.
Men stakan döwdim.

I broke a glass.
Men aýagymy döwdim.
I broke my leg.
117. durmak – to stand, stay, stop, last
Taxi bazaryň ýanynda durdy.

The taxi stopped near the bazaar.
Men duralgada duryn.
I am standing at the bus station.
Eti gowursaň uzak durýar.
If you fry meat it lasts for a long time.
118. durmuşa çykmak – to marry (for a woman)
Jemal Merede durmuşa çykýar.

Jemal is going to marry Meret.
Jemal ondördine durmuşa çykýar.
Jemal is getting married on the fourteenth.
119. duşuşmak – to meet, encounter (sometimes carries a negative connotation)
Usually uses locative and datives cases and/or “bilen”.
Sen Jeren bilen duşuşdyňmy?

Did you meet with Jeren?
Olar şu meseläni çözmek üçin ertir duşuşarlar.
They will meet tomorrow to solve this problem.
Men uniwersitetdekäm kän kyn problemalara duş geldim.
While I was at the university I encountered many difficult problems.
Men dükanda oňa duşdym.
I ran into him at the store.
120. duýmak – to feel, sense, be conscious
Men özümi gowy duýyan.

I feel good.
Sen geljegiňi duýyardym.
I sensed (knew) you would come.
Ol özüni duýyanokmyş.
I heard he was unconscious.
121. düşmek – to come down, climb down, get off (i.e. a bus), get down from, fall,
fall down, fall out (i.e. teeth).
Başgançakdan aşak düşdi.

He came down the stairs.
Men awtobusdan düşdim.
I got off the bus.
Bagyň ýapraklary düşdi.
The tree‟s leaves fell off.
Jigimiň dişi düşdi.
My little sister‟s teeth fell out.
Saçym düşüp barýar.
My hair is falling out.
122. düşündirmek – to explain
Sen sapagy gowy düşündirýäň.

You explain the lesson well.
Men saňa nädip düşündirsemkäm?
How should I explain it to you?
123. düşünmek – to understand
Düşündim.
I understand.
Okuwçylar mugallymyň aýdanlaryna düşündiler.
The students understood what the teacher said.
124. düýş görmek – to dream
Usually uses accusative, genitive, and locative cases.
Men agşam gorkunç düýş gördim.

Last night I had a bad dream.
Men düýşümde ahyr zamany gördim.
I saw the end of the world in my dreams.
Jeren günde düýş görýar.
Jeren dreams every night.
125. düzmek – to create, tune (a musical instrument), put in order (organize)
Synpda partalary düzmeli.

You must organize the desks in class.
Bufetda stakanlary düzip goýdym.
I put the glasses at the buffet in order.
Biz adalatly jemgyýedi bile düzmeli.
We must create a just society together.
Okuwçylary hatara düz.
Put the children in a line.
126. dykmak – to stick in, put in, cram, stuff, plug
Daýhanlar ýygan pagtalaryny haltalaryna dykdylar.

The farmers stuck the cotton they picked in their bags.
Wannaň deşigini dyk.
Plug the bathtub‟s hole.
Men sumkama bar zaty dykdym.
I crammed/stuffed everything in my bag.
127. dynç almak – to rest, relax
Tomus paslynda köp adamlar deňizde dynç alýar.

In the summertime many people relax in (by) the sea.
128. dynmak – to avoid, be saved, dispose of, get rid of, finish (gerrund)
Biz ahyry oňşuksyz goňşymyzdan dyndyk.

We finally got rid of our unfriendly neighbor.
Men hat ýazyp dyndym.
I finished writing a letter.
Men pagta ýygmakdan dyndym.
I avoided picking cotton.
Men ol geçini öldürmekden dyndyrdym.
I saved that goat from getting killed.
Ol gybatçydan derrew dyndyk.
We disposed of that gossiper immediately.
E
129. ekmek – to plant, sow
Şu günler güýzlik ekinler ekilýär.

These days autumn crops are sowed.
Geçen ýyl däne ekdik.
Last year we planted wheat.
130. el çarpmak – to clap, applaude
Biz onuň aýdan her aýdymyna el çarpdyk.

We clapped for every song he sang.
Jigim, hany eliň çarp!
Applaude my little one!
131. ellemek – to touch (with one’s hand)
Hapa zatlary elleme.

Don‟t touch dirty things.
132. elleşmek – to shake hands
Özüňden ululara gabat geleňde elleşmeli.

When you meet those who are older than you then you must shake their
hands.
Ol toýda bar kişi bilen elleşdi.
He shook hands with everyone at the wedding.
133. emel etmek – to do something ostensibly or halfheartedly (esp. work), half ass
it, diversify (esp. with work)
Mähri okadanda emel edýär.

Mehri half asses it when she teaches.
Durmuşda arkaýyn ýaşamak üçin köpräk emel etmeli.
In life, to live well you must diversify your work efforts.
134. entemek – to wander (without a purpose), loiter
Eýesiz itler entäp ýör.

Dogs without owners wander around.
Gije-gündiz boş entäp ýörme.
Don‟t wander around day and night doing nothing.
Şu binaň öňünde entäp ýörme.
Don‟t loiter in front of this building.
135. erbetleşmek – to worsen
Irden ajöze pomidor iýseň häsiýetiň erbetleşýär.

If you eat tomatoes in the morning on an empty stomach, your mood
worsens.
Hassaň ýagdaýy erbetleşdi.
The patient‟s condition worsened.
136. eremek – to melt (lit. and fig.)
Mesge eýýäm eredi.

The butter already melted.
Daşaryň gary eremändir.
The snow outside didn‟t melt after all.
Bahar bilen Mahymyň arasyndaky buz eräpdir.
The ice between Mahym and Bahar has melted.
137. eşitmek – to hear
Onuň gelenini eşitmändiris.

We didn‟t hear that he came back.
Sazyň sesini gataltsana, gowy eşidemok.
Turn up the music a little, I can‟t hear it very well.
138. etmek – to do, make
Men öý işimi etdim.

I did my homework.
Men nahar edýän.
I‟m making food.
Ä
139. äkitmek – to bring (bring somewhere else), take (somewhere)
Usully uses accusative and dative cases.
Meni Aşgabada äkitsene.

Please take me to Ashgabat.
Şu kitaplary öýe gideňde äkit.
When you go home, take these books with you.
140. ätmek – to step
Meň gitme diýen ýerlerime aýagyňam ätme.

Don‟t even step foot in the places I told you not to go to.
Saçakdan ätläýme.
Don‟t step over the bread cloth.
G
141. gaça durmak – to avoid, stay away from
Dermanlary köp ulanmakdan gaça durmaly.

You should avoid using medicine too much.
Adamlaryň ýanynda köp gürlemekden gaça dur.
Avoid speaking around people too much.
142. gaçmak – to flee, escape, run away, not come, fall, drop, drop down
Sumkaňdan ruçka gaçdy.

A pen fell out of your bag.
Bagyň ýapraklary eýýäm gaçypdyr.
The tree‟s leaves already fell off.
Çagalar senden gaçýar.
Children run away from you.
Myrat düýn sapakdan gaçdy.
Yesterday Myrat didn‟t come to class.
Kellekeser türmeden gaçypdyr.
The thug escaped from prison.
143. gaçyrmak – to drop (something)
Gözel gapjygyny gaçyrdy.

Gozel dropped her purse.
Sapakda kän gygyrsaň okuwçylaryň islegini gaçyrsyň.
If you yell a lot during class you will lose students‟ interest.
144. gaharlanmak – to get angry, mad
Ejem maňa gaharlandy.

My mother got angry at me.
Gaharlanma, bar zat gowy bor.
Don‟t get mad, everything will be fine.
145. gahary getirmek – to make someone angry
Sen ejeň gaharyny getiripsiň.

You made your mom angry.
Meň gaharymy getirme.
Don‟t make me angry.
146. galdyrmak – to raise (i.e. a price, one’s hand), leave (behind)
Şu sölemiň terjimesini kim bilýän bolsa elini galdyrsyn.

Whoever knows this sentence‟s translation please raise your hand.
Geçen ýyl biziň aýlygymyzy galdyrdylar.
Last year they raised our salary.
Men kitabymy synpda galdyrdym.
I left my book in class.
147. galmak – to climb, stand up, stay, miss (i.e. school), lose (a game)
Şu basgançakdan ýokaryk gal.

Climb up these stairs.
148. gam çekmek – to suffer, get upset
Gam çekme, hemme zat gowy bor.

Don‟t get upset, everything will be OK.
Ol atasynyň gidenine gam çekýär.
When his grandfather leaves he gets upset.
149. gama batmak – to grieve
Amanlar iki gündir gama batyp otyr.

The Aman‟s have been grieving for a couple of days.
150. gan akmak – to bleed
Eliňi çaltjak daňaly, ýogsam kän gan akýar.

Let‟s bandage your hand quickly, otherwise it will bleed a lot.
Onuň ýarasy ganaýar.
His wound is bleeding.
Ol ýuwaş bolansoň, daýzalary onuň gözinden gan akdyrýar.
Because she‟s so quiet, her aunts make her cry blood (treat her very
badly).
151. gaplamak – to pack, put in a container (used mainly for liquids)
Ýatmankaň kompody gaplaşdyr.

Before you go to sleep the kompot needs to be put in containers.
Soňky wagtlar soklar gowy gaplanýar.
These days juices are well packaged.
152. garaşmak – to wait, expect
Çaltrak bolsana, men saňa garaşýan.

Please be a little quicker, I‟m waiting for you.
Men senden geljek kömege garaşýan.
I‟m waiting for your help.
Gözel düýn gelersiň öýdip garaşdy.
Gozel expected you to come yesterday.
153. garmak – to mix, stir
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “bilen”.
Tordyň hamyryna şeker gardym.

I mixed sugar into the cake batter.
Ilki gatyga ýumurtgalary goşyp gowy gar.
First combine eggs and yogurt and mix well.
Sary bilen gögi garyp, ýaşyl reňk ýasadyk.
We mixed blue and yellow and created green.
154. garylmak – to mix together (i.e. languages)
Ak zatlar bilen reňklileri bile ýuwsaň reňki garylýar.

If you wash white things with colored things the colors get mixed.
155. gataltmak – to increase (volume)
Meň ýanymda sesiňi gataltma.

Don‟t raise your voice at me.
Telewizory azajyk gataltsana.
Turn the TV up a bit.
156. gatnamak – to attend, run regularly
Men bäş ýaşymdan bäri mekdebe gatnaýan.

I‟ve been attending school since I was five years old.
Şäherde awtobuslar gowy gatnaýar.
In the city the buses run regularly.
157. gatnaşmak – to participate, socialize
Usually uses dative case and/or “bilen”.
Men düýnki maslahata gatnaşdym.

I participated in yesterday‟s meeting.
Jahan köp kişi bilen gatnaşýar.
Jahan socializes with many people.
158. gaty görmek – to be offended, upset
Ýaş toýuma gelmäniň üçin senden gaty görýän.

I‟m offended that you didn‟t come to my birthday party.
Serdara kömek etmesek gaty görer.
If we don‟t help Serdar he will be upset.
159. gaýnamak – to boil
Suw gowy gaýnansoň, çaý demlemeli.

After the water boils well you must prepare tea.
Çorba bir sagat bäri gaýnaýar.
The soup has been boiling for one hour.
160. gaýnatmak – to boil
Ejem çaý gaynatmaly.

My mother must boil tea.
161. gaýrat etmek – to do a favor for someone, do one’s best
Gaýrat etde şu kitaby stolyň üstünde goý.

Do me a favor and put this book on the table.
Gaýrat edip şu gün nahary sen bişirsene.
Do me a favor and cook today.
162. gaýtalamak – to repeat
Bir aýdan zadyňy kän gaýtalaýaň.

You keep repeating the same thing you said over and over again.
Ýat tutmak üçin köpräk gaýtalamaly.
You must repeat things a few times to memorize them.
163. gaýtarmak – to vomit, return (an item), repour
Maňa eden ýagşylygyňy hökman yzyma gaýtararyn.

I will definitely return the good you did for me.
Çaýy demläňsoň üç gezek gaýtarmaly.
After you prepare the tea you must repour it three times.
Zaýalanan nahary iýseň gaýtararsyň.
If you eat rotten food you‟ll vomit.
164. gaýtmak – to go home, return (come back)
Düýn işden sagat ikide gaýdyk.

We returned from work yesterday at two o‟clock.
Meň atam uruşdan gaýdyp gelmedi.
My grandfather did not return from the war.
165. gazanmak – to earn
Öwez köp gazanýar.

Owez earns a lot (of money).
166. gazmak – to dig, mine
Mellekden joýa gazmaly.

You must dig crop rows in the garden.
Ol Merediň aýagyny gazýar öýdýän.
I think he wants to screw Meret over.
167. geçirmek – to pass (i.e. salt), change (i.e. the channel), help cross, translate,
postpone, forgive
Tomus kanikulyny gowy geçirdiňmi?

Did you spend your summer vacation well?
Maňa şol çemçäni geçirsene.
Pass me that chemche.
Telewizory “Ýaşlyga” geçirsene.
Change it to the “Yashlyk” channel.
Birinji synp okuwçylary uly ýoldan geçirdim.
I helped the first form students cross the big road.
Meňli bu teksti iňlisçä geçirer.
Mengli will translate this text into English.
168. geçmek – to pass (i.e. a date, an exam), cover (a topic), get, find (a job),
disown, expire, forgive, pass or float down, ignore,
Gözeliň toýy eýýäm geçipdir.

Gozel‟s wedding already passed.
Jahan gowy işe geçdi.
Jahan found a good job.
Sen meň günämi geç.
Please forgive me (my sin).
Biz Durdydan geçdik.
We passed by Durdy. OR. We disowned Durdy.
Mugallym şu gün gyzykly tema geçdi.
Today the teacher covered an interesting topic.
Men Tejen derýasyndan gaýykly geçip gördim.
I passed (floated) down the Tejen River on a small boat.
169. gelin almak – to marry (for a man), take a wife
Meret14-ne gelin alýar.

Meret‟s family will take a bride on the 14th.
Nesip bolsa, bahym Arslana gelin alýarys.
God willing, we will soon find Arslan a wife.
170. gelmek – to come, gerund
Usually uses dative or instrumental cases. Sometimes uses “-ly/-li” construction.
Men düýn Aşgabatdan maşynly geldim.

Yesterday, I came from Ashgabat by car.
Biz şu gün siziň öýüňize geleris.
We will probably come to your house today.
The desire to perform a certain task is expressed in Turkmen by combining the

stem of the appropriate verb with the appropriate possessive suffix followed by
“gelýär”, which is “gelmek” conjugated in the 3rd person singular. For example:
Meniň iýesim gelýär.

I want to eat. (literally, my eating comes)
See pg. 54 in “The Turkmen Language and Grammar Guide” for more details.
171. geñ görmek – to be surprised, amazed, shocked
Aýjaň bolşuny geň görme.Ol hemişe şeýle.

Don‟t be shocked at Ayja‟s behavior. She‟s always this way.
Men Mekanyň iňlisçe gürleýşini geň gördim.
I was amazed at Mekan‟s ability to speak English.
172. geplemek – to speak, talk
Sapak wagty gowy mugallymlar diňe okadýan dilinde gepleýär.

During a lesson good teachers only speak in the language they teach.
Gepleme! Seň näme edeniňi men gowy bilýän.
Shut up! I know very well what you did.
173. gepleşmek – to talk (with someone)
Men telefonda gyz jigim bilen gepleşdim.

I talked with my little sister on the phone.
174. germek – to spread (i.e. wings), stretch (i.e. muscles), hang (i.e. curtains)
Şu peşehanany germeli.
We must hang up this mosquito net.
Arslan kän gerinýär.
Arslan stretches a lot.
175. getirmek – to bring, produce
Şu ýyl üzümler bol hasyl getirdi.

This year produced a full grape harvest.
Men jigimi sadikden öýe getirdim.
I brought my little sister home from kindergarten.
Geleňde kompýuteriňi hem getirsene.
When you come over please bring your computer too.
176. geýmek – to put on (i.e. clothes), wear
Gyş ýyly eşikleri geýýäs.

In winter we wear warm clothes.
Men ertir gök köýnegimi geýjek.
Tomorrow I will wear my blue dress.
177. gezekleşmek – to take turns, alternate
Biz bir ruçkada gezekleşip ýazýas.

We take turns writing with one pen.
Ýeke özüm uzak gün okatjak bolsam kyn, ikimiz gezekleşip okadaly-la.
If I teach all day by myself it‟ll be difficult, let‟s both of us take turns
teaching.
178. gezmek – to travel, stroll, wander
Usually uses locative case and/or “bilen”.
Men uzakly gün säherde gezdim.

I strolled around the city all day.
Boş gezip ýörmän bir işiň başyny tut.
Don‟t wander around doing nothing, start doing some work.
Ol Gözel bilen gezýär.
He‟s traveling with Gozel.
179. gägirmek – to burp
Saçagyň başynda gägirme.

Don‟t burp at the table.
180. gijemek – to itch
Usually uses genitive and instrumental cases.
Çep elim gijeýär welin, pul düşjek öýdýän.

My left hand itches so I think I will get some money soon.
Aýagymdan aryň çakan yeri gijeýär.
The spot on my leg where the bee stung me itches.
181. gijä galmak – to be late, miss
Men her gün işe gijä galyp barýan.

Everyday I come late to work.
Durdy otlydan gijä galdy.
Durdy missed the train.
182. girmek – to enter
Meň okuwçylarymyň 7-si şu ýyl instituta girdi.

Seven of my students entered the university this year.
Meret banka işe girdi.
Meret found work at a bank.
Biziň howlymyza ýükli maşyn girdi.
A car full of baggage entered our yard.
Daşarda durmada, klasa gir.
Don‟t stand around outside, get in class.
183. gitmek – to go, leave
Usually uses dative case and/or the “ly/li” construction.
Men Aşgabadtda okuwa gitdim.

I went to study in Ashgabat.
Düýn kino gitdik.
Yesterday we went to the movies.
Seň akylyň gidipdir öýdýän.
I think you‟ve lost your mind.
Biz Lebaba somalýotly gitdik.
We went to Lebap by plane.
184. gizlemek – to hide (an object), conceal (an object), cover (something) up
Sen menden hiç zady gizleme.

Don‟t hide anything from me.
Men pulumy gizledim.
I hid my money.
185. gol çekmek – to sign (one’s name)
Şu ýere gol çekiň.

Sign right here please.
Men aýlyga golumy çekmän gaýtdym.
I took my salary without signing for it.
186. goramak – to protect
Biz tebigaty goramaly.

We must protect nature.
Çagalary keselden goramaly.
We must protect our children from disease.
187. gorkmak – to be afraid of, be scared of, fear
Men uzasly kino görmäge gorkýän.

I‟m scared to watch horror movies.
Men ýalançy adamdan gorkýan.
I fear people who lie.
Käkişiler syçandan görkýar.
Some people are afraid of mice.
188. gorkyzmak – to scare, frighten, startle
Sen meni gorkyzdyň.

You scared me!
Arslan birden gygyryp gorkyzýar.
Arslan screams and startles you out of nowhere.
Bu itiň sypaty gorkyzýar.
This dog‟s appearance is frightening.
189. goşmak – to add, combine, give, hang out
Biz Meretleriň toýyna pul goşdyk.

We gave money at Meret‟s wedding.
Pişmäň hamyryna azajyk şeker goşmaly.
You must add a little bit of sugar to the pishme dough.
Gybat edýän kişilere goşulmaň.
Don‟t hang around with people who gossip.
Şu gün sapakda iki temany goşdyk.
Today during class we combined two themes.
190. gowulamak – to improve
Okuwçylaryň iňlis dilinde gürleýşini gowulamaly.

You must improve the students‟ English speaking skills.
Awtobuslaryň gatnawy gowulandy.
The bus schedule was improved.
191. gowurmak – to fry
Olar düýn et gowurdy.

Yesterday they fried meat.
Bu yssy howa bizi gowrup barýar!
This hot weather is frying us!
Şu kartoşkany gowursana.
Fry this potato!
192. gowy görmek – to like, appreciate
Men dynç almagy gowy görýän.

I like to relax.
Meýlis ümsümligi gowy görýär.
Meylis appreciate silence.
193. goýbermek – to let go, release, miss (i.e. a flight), gerund
Sen meni Aşgabada goýberjekmi?

Are you going to let me go to Ashgabat?
Meret iki sapagy goýberdi.
Meret missed two classes.
Diktant ýazylanda harp ýalňyşlaryny goýbermäň.
When writing a dictation, don‟t make orthographic mistakes.
194. goýmak – to put, place, lay, set (to place), set aside, save (i.e. money), display,
finish, quit.
Şu kitaplary stolyň üstünde goýsana!

Please put these books on the table.
Nas atmaňy goýjak bolsuň, goýarsaň.
If you stop using nas you will eventually quit.
Men oň bilen telefonda gürleşmäni goýdym.
I finished talking with him on the phone.
195. göçmek – to move (i.e. to another city)
Atam dagy Gökdepeden göçüp gelipdir.

My grandfather and his family moved here from Gokdepe.
Şekerler Mara göçdi.
Sheker‟s family moved to Mary.
Olar ertir göçýär.
They are moving tomorrow.
196. göçürmek – to evict, exhile, move (objects), copy
Seň şu ýakaňy göçüreýinle.

Let me copy this yaka of yours.
Biz şfoneri başga otaga göçerdik.
We moved our armoire to another room.
Siziň gohyňyz klasy göçürip barýar.
Your noise is making the class move (shake).
197. gök gürlemek – to thunder (lit. for heaven to speak)
Düýn agşam gök gürledi.

Last night it thundered.
198. gömmek – to bury
Usually uses accusative and locative cases.
Gyşyna käşirleri çägede gömýäs.

In the winter we bury carrots in the sand.
199. göre(siñ) gelmek – to miss (long for), be homesick
Uzak wagtdan soň öz ýurdumy göresim geldi.

After a long time, I missed my own country.
Başga ýurda giden dostumy göresim gelýär.
I miss my friend who went to another country.
Ejem meň talyp bolanymy göresi gelýär.
My mother wants to see me become a student.
200. göreşmek – to wrestle (lit. and fig.)
Durmuşda göreşip ýaşamaly.

In life you must wrestle to live. (i.e. Life‟s a struggle)
Atda Meret bilen göreşdi.
Atda wrestled with Meret.
201. görkezmek – to show (off), exhibit
Men doktora gözlümi görkezdim.

I showed my eyes to the doctor.
Jeren öz eden ýakasyny görkezdi.
Jeren showed off the embroidery she did herself.
Gowy işläp özüňi görkez.
Work hard and show „em what you‟re made of.
202. görmek – to see, look, verb + ip/yp görmek = to try something
Men birgiden ajaýyp zatlary gördim.

I saw many beautiful things.
Düýn Meredi gördim.
I saw (met) Meret yesterday.
Ol äýnekli görýär.
She sees with glasses.
Ejem daşdan görenok.
My mother doesn‟t (can‟t) see from far away.
Combining the stem of most verbs with “yp” or “ip” (according to the rules of
Turkmen vowel harmony) and conjugating “görmek” in the appropriate form
roughly means “to try something” or “to ever have done something”. For
example:
Içip göräý.
Try a drink (or sip).
Garpyz iýip gördiňmi?
Have you ever eaten watermelon?
Elbetde, garpyz iýip gördim! Men niredendir öýdýäň? Aýdanmy?
Of course I‟ve eaten watermelon! Where do you think I‟m from? The
Moon?
203. götermek – to raise (lift), lift, carry (an object), carry (a name)
Şu kitaby sen götersene.

Please carry this book.
Türkmen Dünýä Instituty D. Azadynyň adyny göterýär.
The Turkmen Institute of World Languages carries the name Azady.
Bar göteril, gözüm görmesin.
Get out of here, I don‟t want to see you.
Men jigilerimi göterýän.
I carry my little sisters.
204. gözi düşmek – to notice, get, acquire, spot
Men onuň hat ýazyp oturanyna gözüm düşdi.

I noticed that he was writing a letter.
Bazarda näçe aýlansamam gowy köwşe gözüm düşmedi.
No matter how much I wandered around that bazaar I spot any decent
shoes.
Olaryň ogul bäbege gözi düşenok.
They can‟t have a boy.
205. gözlemek – to look for, seek, search for
Men daşardan seni gözläp gelýän.

I‟ve been looking for you outside.
Jahan täze iş gözleýär.
Jahan is looking for new work.
Şu kitapdan grammatika degişli gönükmeleri gözleşdir.
Please look for grammar exercises from this book.
206. griplemek – to get the flu
Gyş witamini köpräk almasaň gripleýäň.

If you don‟t take vitamins in the winter you‟ll get the flu.
Men bir hepde gripli ýatdym.
I had the flu for a week.
207. guramak – to organize (i.e. a project), dry up, dry out, wilt
Güllere gowy seretmeseň gurar.

If you don‟t take care of the flowers well they‟ll wilt.
Güýzüne köpräk krem çalmasam elim guraýar.
In fall, if I don‟t put a little bit of lotion on my hands they‟ll dry out.
Indiki hepde iňlis dili dersindan açyk sagat guramaly.
Next week we must organize an hour long open English lesson.
208. gurmak – to build, establish, lock
Paýtagtda ajaýyp jaýlar gurýarys.

In the capital we have built many beautiful buildings.
Biz täze döwlet gurduk.
We established a new government.
Gideňde gapyny gurgyn.
When you leave please lock the door.
209. gutarmak – to end, finish, complete, be over
Usually takes the case of the verb it’s used in conjunction with. See examples #2
and #4. Otherwise it uses no noun case.
Kino entek gutaranok.

The movie isn‟t over yet.
Men bu kitaby ertir okap gutararyn.
I will finish reading this book tomorrow.
Ruçkam gutardy welin seňkini alaýyn.
My pen is finished (out of ink) so let me use yours.
Düýn gije täze hekaýany ýazyp gutardym.
Last night I finished writing a new story.
Şu gün mekdep gutarar.
Today school ends.
Men examlam gutardym.
I‟ve completed my exams.
210. gutlamak – to congradulate, toast
Doglan günüň bilen gutlaýan!

Happy birthday!
Toýuňyz gutly bolsun!
Congratulations on your wedding.
211. gutulmak - recover (from an illness), heal, be rescued, avoid
Usually uses genitive case or no noun case. In rare cases it takes the case of the
verb it’s used in conjunction with. See example #2.
Elimiň ýarasy gutuldy.

The wound on my hand healed.
Işden gaçyp gutulyp bolmaz.
It‟s not okay to avoid your work.
212. guwanmak – to be proud of
Ejem maňa guwanýar.

My mother is proud of me.
Biz okuwçylarymyza guwanýas.
We are proud of our students.
213. guýmak – to pour, teach
Maňa çaý guýsana.

Pour me some tea please.
Çagalryň kellesine köp okamalydygyny guýmaly.
You must teach your children to read a lot.
214. güldürmek – to make someone laugh
Degişgen adamyň her sözi güldürýär.

Every word the joker says makes you laugh.
Sen meni güldürdiň.
You made me laugh.
215. gülmek – to laugh
Men olaryň herekedine güldüm.

I laughed at their (funny) gestures.
Sen maňa gülüp otyrsyňmy?
Are you laughing at me?
Onuň bolşuna her kim güldi.
Everyone laughed at the way he acted.
216. gün geçirmek – to earn a living, get by, spend one’s day
Ol kitap okap, telewizor görüp gününi geçirýär.

He spends his day reading books and watching TV.
Bäri içgysgynç, günüm hiç geçirmeýän ýaly.
It‟s so boring here it‟s like none of my days pass (i.e. time has stopped).
Olar ugypsyzja gazanç bilen gün geçirler.
They only earn a small amount of money.
217. günäkärlemek – to convict (assign blame), blame
Başlyk diňe seni günäkärledi.

The boss only blamed you.
Bu bolan zatlary üçin meni günäkärleme, elimden gelenini etdim.
Don‟t blame me for what happened, I did my best.
218. gürlemek – to give directions, speak, tell
Eňegiňe jaň dakylan ýaly, uzakly gün gürleýäň. Biraz agyzyňa dynç
bersene.
You talk all day like there‟s a bell hanging from your chin. Give your
mouth a rest please.
Sen sekiz dilde gürleýäňmi?
Do you really speak eight languages?
Adam dilinde gürlesene, şonda-da düşünerin.
Speak to me like a human being (i.e. don‟t yell), then I‟ll understand.
219. gürleşmek – to converse, talk, or speak (with someone)
Usually uses locative case and/or “bilen” and “barada”.
Biz bu mesele barada başlyk bilen gürleşmeli.

We must speak with the boss about this problem.
Ejeň bilen telefonda gürleşdiňmi?
Did you talk with your mother on the phone?
Seň bilen gürleşesim gelýär.
I want to speak with you.
220. gybat etmek – to gossip
Usually uses genitive case.
Gybat etmek uly günä.

Gossiping is a grave sin.
Olar uzakly gün Maralyň gybatyny etdiler.
They gossiped about Maral all day long.
Daşarda gybat edip durma, gelde maňa kömekleş.
Don‟t just sit there gossiping, come over here and help me.
221. gygyrmak – to shout, scream, yell
Usually uses dative case. Uses accusative case in conjunction with causative
morpheme. See example #2.
Sen maňa gygyrma.

Don‟t yell at me.
Telewizory gygyrdyp goýma-da, kiçelt.
Don‟t put the TV on so loud, turn it down.
Daşarda bir-ä gygyrýar.
Somebody‟s screaming outside.
Gtyrak gygyrsana, ýogsam ol seni eşitmez.
Shout a little louder, otherwise he won‟t hear you.
222. gynanmak – to regret, feel bad or sorry for
Men seni gaýdyp görmejekdigime gynanýan.

I regret that I won‟t be able to see you again.
Jemala gynanýas, ol okuwa girip bilmändir.
We feel bad for Jemal, she won‟t be able to enter the university.
223. gysmak – to squeeze, press, clamp, crowd
Bu köwüş aýagymy gysýar.

These shoes squeeze my feet (i.e. they are too small for me).
Atagzy bilen şu zynjyry gysyp bersene.
Clamp this chain shut with the pliers.
Aňyryk süýşsene, meni gysýaň.
Scoot over, you‟re crowding me.
224. gyzmak – to heat (up), warm (up), get hot
Şu gün howa gyzýar.

Today the weather is warming up.
Bitondaky suw gaty gyzypdyr.
The water in the tub got really hot.
225. gyzyklanmak – to be interested in, pay attention to
Jahan dil öwrenmek bilen gyzyklanýar.

Jahan is interested in learning languages.
Sen oň bilen gyzyklanma.
Don‟t pay attention to him.
Men Amerika okuwa nähili gidilýänini gyzyklanýan.
I‟m interested (in knowing) how to go to America to study.
226. habar etmek – to inform, let someone know
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “barada”.
Sen haçan geljegiňi öňünden habar ber.

Let me know before you come.
Bize eritrki ýygnak barada habar berdiler.
They informed us about tomorrow‟s meeting.
227. hakyna tutmak – to hire
Olar Meredi hakyna tutdylar.

They hired Meret.
Aşgabatda firmalar işgärleriň köpüşüni wagtlaýyn hakyna tutýarlar.
In Ashgabat companies hire most workers temporarily.
Ussalary jaý salmak üçin hakyna tutdyk.
We hired workers to build our house.
228. halamak - to like
Men almalary halaýan.

I like apples.
Men tans etmegi halaýan.
I like to dance. OR. I like dancing.
229. hapalamak – to get something dirty
Köwşüň hapalanypdyr, arassala.

You‟re shoes got dirty, clean them.
Içerini hapalama.
Don‟t get the house (inside) all dirty.
230. harçlamak – to spend
Aşgabada gidemde kän pul harçladym.

When I went to Ashgabat I spent a lot of money.
231. hasap etmek – to judge, reckon, ignore, pretend like, to add up, to consider as if
Düýn oturyp algy-bergini hasap etdim.

Yesterday I sat down and added up all my debts.
Sen toýuma geldiň hasap edýän.
I consider it as if you came to my wedding (and I forgive you for not
coming).
Sen toýuma gelmediň hasap edýän.
I‟m going to pretend like you didn‟t even come to my wedding in the first
place (insult).
Serdar özüni uly adam hasap edýän.
Serdar pretends like he‟s a grown up.
Men ýok diýp hasap et.
Just pretend like I‟m not here. OR. Just ignore me.
232. hasaplamak – to calculate, solve
Şu zatlaryň bahasyny hasaplasana.

Calculate the price of these things.
Berlen matematika ýuwuşy hasaplaň.
Solve the given math problems.
233. haýran galdyrmak – to amaze someone
Rimdäki ýadygärlikler meni haýran galdyrýar.

The monuments in Rome amaze me.
Ýaňky diňlän aýdymym meni haýran galdyrdy.
The song I just listened to amazed me.
234. haýran galmak – to be amazed
Men seň nahar bişirişiňe haýran galdym.

I was amazed at your ability to cook.
Men şäheriň owadanlygyna haýran galdym.
I was amazed at the city‟s beauty.
235. hezil bolmak – to be fun
Usually uses no nounc case.
Doganymyň toýy hezil boldy.

My older brother‟s wedding was fun.
Gökderedäki gezelenjimiz hezil boldy.
The trip we took to Gokdere was fun.
236. horlanmak – to lose weight, suffer, be in need
Jeren şu günler birazajyk horlanypdyr.

Jeren‟s looks a little thinner these days.
Hor ýaşamajak bolsaň gowy işlejek bolmaly.
If you don‟t want to live in poverty you‟re going to have to work hard.
237. hormatlamak – to respect, honor
Öýe gelen myhmany hormatlaýas.

We respect the guests who come to our homes.
Biz öz ata-babalarymyzy hormatlaýarys.
We respect our elders.
238. howlukmak – to rush, hurry, not be able to wait.
Men işe howlukýan.

I‟m I a hurry to get to work.
Sen naharyň bişerine howlukýaň öýdýän.
I bet you can‟t wait till the food‟s ready.
Aşgabatda ýaşajak günlerime howlukýan.
I can‟t wait till I live in Ashgabat.
239. howup döretmek – to cause problems for, put in danger
Usually uses “üçin”.
Kontrolsyz edilen hereketler köplenç howup döretýär.

Thoughtless actions usually put people in danger.
Men seň üçin hiç haçan howup döretmen.
I would never cause problems for you.
240. hyzmat etmek – to serve
Jerenler gelen myhmana gowy hyzmat edýär.

Jeren‟s family serves their guests well.
Biz halkymyza hyzmat edýäris.
We serve our people.
I
241. ibermek – to send

Meýletinçiler işe iberilipdir.
The volunteers were sent to work.
Maňa ruçka, depder ibermegini oglan doganymdan haýyşt etdim.
I requested that my older brother send me a pen and a notebook.
242. iç gysmak – to be bored
Meň el iş edip oturmaga içim gysýar.

I‟m bored of doing handiwork.
Käwagtlar ýeke otursam içim gysýar.
Sometimes when I‟m alone I get bored.
243. iç ýanmak – to be angry
Usually uses dative and genitive cases.
Meň maşyn sürüp bilmeýändigime içim ýanýar.

It makes me angry that I can‟t drive a car.
Olaryň Maýsaň bolşuna içi ýanýar.
They are angry at Maysa‟s behavior.
244. içmek – to drink
Sowuk suwy kän içme.

Don‟t drink a lot of cold water.
Biz çaýy käse bilen içýäs.
We drink tea with a tea cup
Çüýşäň agyzyndan içäý.
Drink from the mouth of the bottle.
Note that when stating something in general or saying you drink something on a
regular basis no noun case is used.
Men suw/kompot içyän.

I drink water/kompot. OR. I am drinking water/kompot.
245. inkär etmek – to deny, reject
Ol düýnki eden işlerini inkär etdi.

He denied what he did yesterday.
Men Juma bilen gürleşenimi inkär edemok.
I‟m not denying that I spoke with Juma.
246. islemek – to want
Men dünýä syýahat etmek isleýän.

I want to travel the world.
Isläniňi edip, ýaşap bolmaz
It‟s not OK to live doing only what YOU want.
Diňe biz islemek bolanok, bir az ugrunda ylgamaly.
Just wanting is not enough, we have to make our dreams come true (lit.
run along the path a little bit).
247. işden çykarmak – to fire (someone)
Usually uses accusative case and/or “üçin”.
Jadygy öz işini oňarmaýany üçin işden çykardy.

The boss fired Jadyk for not doing his job well.
248. işden çykmak – to quit (a job)
Arslan haýsy ýerde bolsa-da, uzak işlänok, çalt işden çykýar.

No matter where Arslan is he doesn‟t work for a long time, he always
quits quickly.
Ol gaz edaradan işden çykdy.
He quit working for the gas company.
249. işlemek – to work, do
Men mekdepde işleýän.

I work at a school.
Aşyr uzakly gün mellekde işledi.
Ashyr worked in the garden all day.
Güljahan bilen Serdar yhlas edip işleýär.
Serdar works well Guljahan.
250. iteklemek – to push (lit. and fig.)
Usually uses accusative and datives cases.
Gapyny itekläp goýber.

Push the door shut.
Juma maşyny itekleşdi.
Juma helped push the car.
Ýagşy dost erbet işe iteklemez.
A good friend doesn‟t push you to do bad things.
251. itmek – to shove
Şu şkafy azajyk aňaryk itmeli.

You must push this dresser over there a little bit.
Biri-biriňizi itmän duruň.
Stop pushing each other.
252. iýmek – to eat
Men nahar iýdim.

I ate food.
Jemal garpyz iýýär.
Jemal eats (is eating) a watermelon.
J
253. jaň etmek – to call (on the phone), phone
Men ertir gyz jigime jaň etjek.

I will call my little sister tomorrow.
254. jedel etmek – to bet
Oglanlar özaralarynda jedel etdi.

They boys made a bet with each other.
Men şu oýunda türkleriň komandasy ýeňer diýip jedel edýän.
I bet you the Turkish team will win this match.
Miwe Güyç bilen jedel etdi.
Miwe made a bet with Guych.
255. jedelleşmek – to argue
Usually uses the genative case in conjunction with “üstünde” and/or “bilen”.
Öýde jigilerim bilen jedelleşdim.
I argued with my younger siblings at home.
Biz maşyn almagyň üstünde jedelleşdik.
We argued about buying a car.
256. jogap bermek – to answer
Sen meniň soragyma jogap bermediň.

You didn‟t answer my question.
K
257. kabul etmek – to accept (i.e. to a university), admit (i.e. to a university), host,
receive, ratify
Usually uses accusative and datives cases.
Şu ýyl istitutlara has köp talyp kabul edildi.

This year many more students were admitted to the university.
Biz daşary ýurtly myhmany kabul etdik.
We hosted a foreign guest.
Meret biziň kömegimizi kabul etdi.
Meret accepted our help.
Başlyk arza gelenleri kabul etdi.
The boss received those who came to complain.
258. kakmak – to knock (on a door), hit (collide with), beat (i.e. a rug)
Gapyny kim kakýar?

Who‟s knocking on the door?
Şu dynç gün Jerenler keçe kakýar.
This Sunday Jeren‟s family is going to beat rugs.
Maraly maşyn kakypdyr.
A car hit Maral.
Bar, saçagy daşarda kakyp gel.
Go and beat the bread cloth outside.
Mergen maşynly iti kakypdyr.
Mergen hit a dog with his car.
259. karar bermek – to decide (give a decision)
Men şu gün örän wajyp karar berdim.

Today I made a very important decision.
Ol gitmeli diýip karar berdi.
He decided that he should go.
260. kesmek – to cut, slice
Jeren, çörekleri kessene.

Jeren please slice the bread.
Ol pyçak bilen gawun kesdi.
He sliced melons with a knife.
Men barmagymy kesdim.
I cut my finger.
261. kämilleşdirmek – to perfect
Kämilleşmek üçin yhlas edip işlemeli.

To perfect something you must work hard.
Indi has kämilleşdirilen kompýuter bar.
Now there are even more advanced computers.
262. käýemek – to scold
Ejem maňa käýedi.

My mother scolded me.
Başlyk bize erbet käýedi.
The boss scolded us harshly.
263. kiçeltmek – to decrease (volume), shorten, lower oneself, turn down
Sen saçyňy kiçeltmeli.

You should shorten (cut) your hair.
Ondan kömek sorap özüňi kiçeltme.
Don‟t shame yourself by asking for his help.
Bu köýnek uly bolýar, biraz kiçeltmeli.
This dress is too big, you must shorten it a little bit.
Aýdymyň sesini azajyk kiçeltsene.
Please turn down the volume a little bit.
264. kowalamak – to chase
Pişik syçany kowalaýar.

The cat chased the mouse.
Çagakak bir-birimizi kowalaşyp oýnadyk.
When we were kids we used to chase each other around.
265. kowmak – to expel, kick out, push someone away
Merdan Durdyny öýünden erbet edip kowdy.

Meret kicked Durdy out of his house rudely.
Sen Jereni ýanyňdan kowma.
Don‟t push Jeren away from you.
266. kömekleşmek – to help
Işgärler birek-birege kömekleşdiler.

The coworkers helped each other.
Ejem meň öý işlerime kömekleşdi.
My mother helped me with my homework.
267. köýmek – to burn (i.e. food), burn out (i.e. a lightbulb)
Usually uses genitive case and “ugrunda”.

Biziň bişiren naharymyz köýüp gidipdir.
The food we cooked got burnt to a crisp.
Aşyr Bägüliň ugrunda köýýär.
Ashyr burns for Bagul.
268. kraskalamak – to paint, apply makeup
Tomus klasymyzy kraskaladyk.

In the summertime we painted our classroom.
Ol gyz ýüzüni kraskalapdyr.
She applied makeup to her face.
Çagalar şu çeken suratlaryny kraskalarlar.
The children are going to paint these pictures they drew.
L
269. lebziñden dänmek – to break a promise
Mert adam lebzinden dänmez.

Honest men don‟t break promises.
Sen lebziňden dänmersiň gerek?
You‟re not going to break your promise are you?
270. lebziñde durmak – to keep a promise
Ol lebzinde durýar.
He keeps his promises.
Ol nadan eken, hiç lebzinde durmady.
Turns out that guy‟s dishonest, he didn‟t keep his promise at all.
271. lezzet bermek – to give pleasure
Aýdymlar köp kişä ruhy lezzet berýär.

Songs give many people a divine pleasure.
Täze kinodan uly lezzet aldyk.
We really liked the new movie.
M
272. masgara etmek – to disgrace, shame (someone)
Jahan ony masgara etdi.

Jahan disgraced him.
Sen toýda içip bizi masgara edäýme.
Don‟t shame us by drinking at the wedding.
273. maslahat bermek – to advise, give advice
Maňa hemişe ejem maslahat berýär.

My mother always gives me advice.
Mugallym saňa gowy maslahat berer.
A teacher will give you good advice.
Kakam maňa okuwy dowam etdirmegi maslahat berdi.
My father advised me to continue going to school.
274. maşk etmek – to exercise
Men mask etmäni halamok.

I don‟t like to exercise.
Arslan hepdede 3 gün maşk edýär.
Arslan exercises 3 times a week.
275. meñzemek – to resemble, look like
Men kakama meňzeýän.

I look like my father.
Howa bulutlaşyp dur, ýagyş ýagjaga meňzeýär.
The weather is getting cloudy; it looks like it‟s going to rain.
276. meýil etmek – to volunteer, try
Ol illi iňlis dilini okatmaga meýil edýär.

He volunteers by teaching people English.
Maksat Atda bilen göreşmäge meýil edibem bilmez.
Maksat won‟t even try to wrestle with Atda.
277. münmek – to get in, get on, mount
Men ata mündim.

I mounted the horse. OR. I rode the horse.
Çagakam kakamyň arkasyna münýärdim.
When I was a child I used to ride on my Dad‟s back.
Bar, sen maşyna mün, menem häzir barýan.
Go get in the car, I‟ll be there soon.
278. müýnergemek – to feel guilty
Ol bizi uranyna müýnergeýär.

He feels guilty about hitting us.
279. myhmançylyga barmak – to go guesting
Men size ertir myhmançylyga barjak.

Tomorrow I‟ll guesting at your house.
280. myhman garşylamak – to entertain guests
Biz dynç gün myhman garşylamaly.

On Sunday we must entertain guests.
Atdalar myhmany gowy garşylaýar.
Atda‟s family entertains guests well.
281. myka diýmek – to think that (colloquial)
Nesip bolsa, Güljahan indiki ýyl okuwa girermikä diýýän.

God willing, I think Guljahan will enter the university next year.
Men seni öň bir ýerde gördümmikäm diýýän.
I think I‟ve seen you somewhere before.
282. mynasyp bolmak – to deserve, win
Geçen olimpiýada bir ýüzüji sportsmen sekiz altyn medala mynasyp

boldy.
In the last Olympics one swimmer won 8 gold medals.
Gözel eje il içinde uly hormata mynasyp.
Gozel eje diserves great respect from the people.
Olar bir-birine mynasyp.
They diserve each other. (Used for people who are getting married)
N
283. naharlamak – to feed
Men jigilerimi naharladym.

I fed my little brothers and sisters.
Ejem bizi gowy naharlaýar.
My mother feeds us well.
284. naharlanmak – to be fed
Olar wagtly-wagtynda naharlanýar.

They are fed on time.
Sen köplenç restoranda naharlanýaň öýdýän?
Don‟t you eat dinner at the restaurant usually?
285. namaz okamak – to pray, read a prayer
Biz günde bäş gezek namaz okaýarys.

We pray five times a day.
Ozara aýynda “Tarawa” namazy okalýar.
During the month of Ramadan we read the “Tarawa” prayers.
286. namys etmek – to be embarrassed, ashamed, act honorably
Usually uses dative case and/or “üçin”.
Ol başlygyň nähak käýýäni üçin namys edýär.

He feels ashamed because his boss scolded him unjustly.
Ol köp zada namys edenok.
He‟s not embarrassed by anything.
Serdar işsyz ýatmaga namys edýär.
Serdar is ashamaed to be without work.
O
287. ogşamak – to kiss
Usually uses instrumental çase.
Men jigimiň ýanagyndan ogşadym.

I kissed my little sister‟s cheek.
Mamam her görende ogşaýardy.
Everytime she saw us my grandmother would kiss us.
288. ogurlamak – to steal
Gurbanlaň towugyny ogurlapdyrlar.

They stole the Gurban‟s chicken.
289. okamak – to read, study
Usually uses accusative when meaning “to read”.
Men täze sözleri okaýan

I am reading new words.
Men köp taryhy kitaplary okadym.
I read many history books.
Ol gije-gündiz okaýar.
He reads day and night.
Usually uses locative case or uses “bilen” when meaning “to study”.
Men institutda okaýan.

I study at the institute.
Men dördinji synpda okaýan.
I‟m in fourth grade. (lit. I study in fourth grade)
Men Kümüş dagy bilen okaýan.
I study with Silver and the others.
290. okatmak – to teach
Men 17-inji mekdepdäki okuwçylara okadýan.

I teach the students at school 17.
Mugallymlar okatmagyň täze usullaryny öwrenýärler.
Teachers learn new methods of teaching.
291. otarmak – to graze, feed (i.e. livestock)
Usually uses accusative, dative, and locative cases.
Sen mallara ot berdiňmi?

Did you feed the animals.
Goýunlar ekinde otlaýar.
The animals graze in the garden.
Merdan mallary meýdanda otardy.
Merdan fed the livestock in the field.
Ol kagyzlary otlady.
He burned the papers.
292. oturmak – to sit
Men diwanda oturdym.

I sat on the couch.
Düýn Jemallarda adamlar oturdylar.
Yesterday people sat (and ate) at Jemal‟s.
Ejem bilen oturdyk.
We sat with my mother.
293. oýanmak – to wake up
Bäbejik oýanypdyr.
The little baby woke up.
Näçe goh bolsa-da sen oýanman ýatyrsyň.
It doesn‟t matter how much noise there is you sleep without waking up.
Men şu gün ir oýandym.
I woke up early today.
294. oýnamak – to play, manipulate
Oglanlar futbol oýnaýar.

The boys are playing football.
Sen adam oýnajak bolma!
Don‟t try to manipulate people!
Çagalar daşarda oýnaýar.
The children play outside a lot.
Ö
295. öçmek – to go out, fade
Irden gaz öçüpdir.

In the morning the gas went out.
Bu köýnegiň köp ýuwulyp reňki öçüp gidipdi.
This shirt was washed too many times so the color faded.
296. öçürmek – to put out (i.e. fire), switch off
O jaýda oturmasaň çyrasyny öçür.

If you‟re not sitting in that room then turn the light out.
Ol çyrany öçürdi.
He turned off the light.
297. öldürmek – to kill, murder
Esgerler duşmanyny öldürdi.

The soldiers killed their enemy.
Ol goýun öldürýär.
He kills sheep.
Biz ýylan öldürdik.
We killed a snake.
298. ölmek – to die
Ol ýaraman öldi.
He died from his illness.
Goňşymyzyň aty öldi.
Our neighbor‟s horse died.
299. örmek – to knit

Jeren jorap örýär.
Jeren knits socks.
Biz her gün örüm örýäs.
We knit clothes everyday.
300. ösdürmek – to raise (i.e. crops or a child), grow
Men dyrnagymy ösdürýän.

I let my fingernails grow.
Bu zenan 4 çagany ýeke başyna ösdürdi.
This woman raised 4 children on her own.
Mugallymlar otag güllerini ödürýär.
Teachers grow room flowers (house plants).
301. ösmek – to grow
Şu ýyl baglar gowy ösdi.

This year the trees grew well.
Biziň ekinimizde hemme zat ösýar.
Everything grows in our garden.
302. öwmek – to praise, say good things about
Nazar çagalary öwýär.

Nazar says good things about the children.
Men seni mydama öwýän.
I always say good things about you.
303. öwrenmek – to learn, study
Şirin köp dil öwrenýär.

Shirin is learning many languages.
Men maşyn sürmegi öwrendim.
I learned to drive a car.
Ol daşary ýurtlara getmegiň ýollaryny öwrenýär.
He‟s learning ways to travel to other countries.
304. öwretmek – to teach, train
Jahan maňa jorap örmegi öwretdi.

Jahan taught me how to knit socks.
Hydyr maňa küşt oýnamaga öwretýär.
Hydyr taught me how to play chess.
Jigim itlere baş öwretýär.
My little sister is training the dogs.
305. öwrülmek – to turn, turn into
Şu ýoldan göni gitde çepe öwrül.

Go straight on this road then turn left.
Sen bärde ýaşap Türkmene öwrülip gidipsiň.
You‟ve turned into a Turkmen from living here.
Yzyňa öwrülme, tagta seret.
Don‟t turn around, look at the blackboard.
306. öýkünmek – to copy, mimic, imitate, act like
Sen mahal-mahal meň agyzyma öýkünýäň.

Sometimes you make fun of how I talk (by mimicking my words).
Ol maýmyna öýkünýär.
He‟s acting like a monkey. Or. He‟s imitating a monkey.
307. öýlenmek – to marry (for a man)
Meret Jemala öýlenýär.

Meret onbäşine öýlenýär.
Meret is getting married on the fifteenth.
308. öýtmek – to think, guess
Sen gowy okarsyň öýdýän.

I think you will study well.
Men ertir gideris öýtdim.
I thought we were leaving tomorrow.
Ýagyş ýagar öýdýän.
I think it‟s going to rain.
P
309. pal atmak – to tell/read the future, tell one’s fortune, predict
Usually uses accusative, genitive, and locative cases.
Men her gün pal atýan.

Everyday I read people‟s fortunes.
Jeren pal atmaga ökde.
Jeren is skilled at telling the future.
Men ertir ýagyş ýagjagyny palymda gördim.
I predicted that tomorrow it will rain.
Maňa atyp bersene.
Read my fortune please.
310. parlamak – to shine, twinkle, spread
Asmanda ýyldyzlar parlaýar.

The stars twinkle in the sky.
Güller parlap otyr.
The flowers are growing everywhere.
311. partlamak – to explode
Zyngyryňy partlatsana!!!
Explode your chain!!!
Daşarda gaz partlady.
The gas line exploded outside.
312. paýlamak – to share, divide, distribute, pass out, deliver (i.e. the mail)
Usually uses accusative, dative, and locative cases.
Sapakda okuwçylara bije paýlaýas.

During the lesson we pass out cards to the students.
Berdi düýn köke paýlady!
Yesterday Berdi shared his cookies!
Şu almany jigileriňe paýlap ber.
Divide this apple amongst your brothers and sisters.
Daýym obada hat paýlaýar.
My uncle delivers mail in the village.
313. päsgel bermek – to hinder, obstruct, prevent, interrupt
Sen maňa päsgel berme.

Don‟t interrupt me.
Ol Jerene päsgel berýär.
He‟s interrupting Jeren.
Sen maňa okamaga päsgel berýäň.
You‟re preventing me from reading (by being annoying, etc.)
314. pikir etmek – to think (i.e. I think that )
Usually uses accusative and genitive cases and/or barada.
Men okuwa gitmek barada pikir edýän.

I think about going to school.
Ol dil öwremegiň pikirini edýär.
He thinks about learning languages.
315. pikir ýöretmek – to express one’s opinions or thoughts, go off about
Usually uses “barada”.
Sen dogry pikir ýöretýäň.

You express your true feelings.
Güýç näme barada pikir ýöretýär-kä?
What‟s Guych going off about?
316. pikire gelmek – to decide, reach a decision (used only for important decisions)
Usually uses “diýen”.
Men Aşgabada getmeli diýen pikire geldim.

I decided that I should go to Ashgabat.
Olar maşyn almaly diýen pikire geldiler.
They decided they should buy a car.
317. pikirini bölmek – to distract, disturb, interrupt one’s thoughts
Aşyr oň pikirini böldi.

Ashyr interrupted her thoughts.
Sen Sonaň pikirini bölýäň, ýuwaşrak otursana.
You‟re disturbing Sona, please be a bit quieter.
318. pikirini üýtgetmek – to change one’s mind
Men pikirimi üýtgetdim, Aşgabada gitjek däl.

I changed my mind, I‟m not going to Ashgabat.
Hiç zat Gözeliň okuw baradaky pikirini üýtgedip bilmez.
Nothing could change Gozel‟s mind about going to school.
319. pikirlenmek – to think (i.e. think about something)
Usually uses “barada”.
Men pikirlenmän iş edýän.

I do my work without thinking about it.
Sen işe girmek barada pikirlen.
Think hard about finding some work.
Ol öý-işik bolmak barada pikirlenenok.
He doesn‟t think about getting married.
320. pyşyrdamak – to whisper
Ol meň gulagyma pyşyrdady.

He whispered in my ear.
Pyşyrdap otyrmaň, sapaga üns ber.
Don‟t whisper (to each other), pay attention to the lesson.
R
321. razylaşmak – to agree, ask for forgiveness
Men ejemiň pikiri bilen razylaşýan.

I agree with my mother‟s opinion.
Ol bende razylaşyp bilmändir.
The dead man couldn‟t ask for forgiveness.
Ol seň bilen razylaşmaz.
He won‟t agree with you.
322. rehim etmek – to have mercy, pity
Ol adamlara rehim edenok.

He doesn‟t take pity on anyone.
Sen maňa rehim et.
Have mercy on me.
323. rejelemek – to organize (i.e a room), to straighten up, put in order
Stolyň üstündäki kitaplary rejeläp goýsana.

Put the books on the table in order.
S
324. saklamak – to hold, keep (i.e. a secret), stop (stop someone), take care of, look
after
Usually uses accusative, genitive, and instrumental cases.
Ýolda bizi GAI saklady.

A cop stopped us on the road.
Jahan egin-eşikleri gowy saklaýar.
Jahan takes good care of her clothes.
Elimi ýuwýançam, kitaplarymy saklasana.
Please hold my books until I finish washing my hands.
Daýzam meni dört ýyl saklady.
My aunt looked after me for four years.
Sen meni ýolumdan saklama.
Don‟t try to stop me.
Ol meň elimden saklady, ýogsam ýykylardym.
He held my hand, otherwise I would have tripped.
325. salmak – to build, place, lay, put, pretend

Biz täze jaý saldyk.
We built a new house.
Çemodana goşlarymy salýan.
I‟m putting my things in a suitcase.
Sapar Orazy täze işe saldy.
Sapar helped Oraz get a new job.
Uny aşhana salmaly.
We must put the flour in the kirchen.
Men üç sany diş saldyrdym.
I put three new teeth in.
Ol kakamyň ýüregine ýara saldy.
He broke my father‟s heart.
Eneş eline ilen zady salyp goýberdi.
Enesh threw the first thing she could ger her hands on.
Oň biziň başymyza salmadyk güni ýok.
There wasn‟t a day where he didn‟t enter our heads (cause problems for
us).
326. sallamak – to lower (down an object), drop (to lower), hang from
Men turnikden sallandym.

I hang from the pull up bar.
Men howza bedräni salladym.
I lowered the bucket into the well.
327. samramak – to mumble, sleep talk
Düýn agşam sen ýatyrkaň samradyň.

Lst night you talked in your sleep.
Ol oturan ýerinden bir zatlar-a samraýar.
He mumbled something from where he sat.
328. sanamak – to count
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “çenli”.
Çagalar iňlisçe ona çenli sanap bilýärler.

The children can count to ten.
Biz goýunlarymyzy sanadyk.
We counted our sheep.
329. sarp etmek – to spend (time), use, waste (time), put in a lot of effort
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “üçin”.
Men dil öwrenmek üçin kän wagt sarp etdim.

I spent a lot of time learning languages.
Pagta ýetişdirmek üçin kän sarp etmeli.
You must put in a lot of effort to grow cotton.
Telewizor görüp wagtyňy boş ýere sarp etme.
Don‟t waste all your time watching television.
330. saýlamak – to choose, pick (choose)
Şu reňkleriň birini saýla.

Choose one of these colors.
Men iňlis dilini öwrenmegi saýladym.
I chose to learn English.
Olar özleri bilen gider ýaly Gözeli saýladylar.
They picked Gozel to go with them.
331. saýlanmak – to be chosen, picked, elected, superior in some way, differ from
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “bilen”. Uses genitive and
instrumental cases in conjuncton with “iç” (see example #5).
Ol häkimlige saýlandy.
He was elected mayor.
Şirin synpda ökdeligi bilen saýlanýar.
Shirin differs from the others in her form in that she is very intelligent.
Oň eden işi saýlanyp dur.
The work he did is better than the rest.
Men özüme gök mata saýlandym.
I chose blue material for myself.
Ol ähli lukmanlaryň içinden sypaýylygy saýlanyp dur.
She is kinder than all the other doctors.
332. saýmak – to consider, beat (i.e. with a whip), flog
Ejem yüň saýdy.

My mother beat the wool.
Ol özüni akylly saýýar.
He considers himself intelligent.
Hemmeler Täjini ökde mugallym saýýar.
Everyone considers Tach intelligent.
333. semremek – to get fat, gain weight
Biziň goýunlarymyz gowy semredi.

Our sheep got nice and fat.
Göwnüme bolmasa ol biraz semräpdir.
It seems to me he gained a little weight.
334. sepelemek – to sprinkle (i.e. salt)
Hamyr gowy ýaýylar ýaly, biraz un seple.

Sprinkle a bit of flour on the dough so it can be easily kneaded.
Bişiren kökämiň üstüne biraz pudra sepledim.
I sprinkled a bit of powdered sugar on the cookies I baked.
Şu gün irden gar sepledi.
This morning it was snowing a little bit.
335. sepmek – to scatter (i.e. seeds), spray, shatter
Ýaz ýere tohum sepdik.

In the springtime we scattered seeds on the ground.
Oda suw sepdik.
We sprayed water on the fire.
336. seretmek – to look at, watch, look after (i.e. kids, goats)
Sen gyzlara kän seretme.

Don‟t look at girls a lot.
Men her gün irden telewizora seretýän.
Every morning I watch TV.
Juma mallara seretýär.
Juma looks after the livestock.
337. sermek – to leave out to dry, hang out to dry
Tomus kak serilýär.

In the summertime kak is left out to dry.
Ýuwan kirleriňi daşarda sermeli.
Hang the clothes you washed out to dry.
Men ýüpde köýnegimi serdim.
I hung my shirt out to dry on a rope.
338. ses bermek – to vote, increase (volume), speak up
Usually uses dative and accusative cases.
Hemmeler maňa ses berer öýdýän.

I think everybody will vote for me.
Öýde kim bar bolsa ses bersin.
Whoever‟s in the house may they speak up.
Magnitofonyň azajyk sesini bersene.
Turn your tape player up a little.
339. solmak – to fade, wilt
Usually uses no noun case,
Baglaryň ýapragy solupdyr.

The tree leaves wilted.
Bu köýnegiň reňki soldy.
The shirt‟s color faded.
Işikdäki güller solupdyr.
The flowers in the garden wilted.
340. soramak – to ask, rule (i.e. a king)
Men senden soradym

I asked you.
Men senden pul soradym.
I asked you for money.
Men seni soradym.
I asked for you.
Men seniň gelmegiňi soradym. (rare)
I asked you to come.
The final example, “Men seniň gelmegiňi soradym” is usually expressed as “Men saňa
gel diýdim”, which literally means “I told you to come”. This may sound strange at first,
but anyone who spends a good week here will soon find out that asking someone to
“come” (or do anything else for that matter) is utterly preposterous, hence the rarity of the
final expression.
341. sormak – to suck, vacuum, absorb
Men üsgülewik üçin derman sordym.

I sucked on a cough drop.
Tozansorujy bilen maşynymyň tozanyny sordyrdym.
I vacuumed up the dust in my car with a vacuum cleaner.
Maçalka suwy gowy sorýar.
Sponges absorb water well.
Kiçijik çaga käwagt barmagyny sorýar.
The little child sometimes sucks its thumb.
342. sowamak – to feel cold, get cold, cool off
Tordyň kremi sowasyn, onsoň mesge gar.

Let the cake frosting cool off, then add butter.
Bu kitap üçin kän çorba sowatdyk.
We made many bowls of chorba go cold working on this book. (i.e We
worked really hard on it).
Eýýäm howa gowy sowady.
The weather has already gotten a bit colder.
Oň gepine gidip eliňi işden sowatma.
Don‟t stop working just because he says so.
Men oňa bar zady aýdyp ýüregimi sowatdym.
I cooled my heart by telling him everything.
Bu çaý sowapdyr.
This tea got cold.
343. sowmak – to spend (money), redirect, divert, turn
Men kän pul sowýan.

I spend a lot of money.
Maşyny şu ýerden çepe sow.
Turn the car left here.
Biz toýy gowja sowdyk.
We had a good wedding.
Näme menden ýüzüňi sowýaň?
Why are you turning your face from me? (i.e. Why won‟t you look at me?)
344. sowulmak – to be spent, pass (i.e. an illness), turn around, drop or stop by, visit,
close, finish, step aside.
Birinji gün bazar ir sowulýar.

On Monday the bazaar closes early.
Men işden çykyp, ýüzugra dukana sowuljak.
I will stop by the store on the way home from work.
Batyrlardan sowulup geçdik.
We didn‟t visit Batyr‟s family.
Batyrlara sowulup geçdik.
We visited Batyr‟s family.
Bu mesle haçan başymdan sowularkan?
When will this problem leave my head (go away)?
Şu ýoldan göni gitde, swetofondan çepe sowul.
Go straight down this road and turn left at the streetlight.
345. soýmak – to butcher, skin, peel
Sen mal soýyp bilýäňmi?

Can you butcher animals?
Ýazyna elimiň hamy soýulýar.
In the springtime the skin on my hand peels.
Bu partaň üstü soýulypdyr.
The top of this desk peeled off.
Gyzyl pitiň syrçasy soýulýar.
The red pot‟s enamel is peeled off.
346. sögmek – to swear (curse), curse
Sen erbet zatlar sögme.

Don‟t say bad words.
Ol dostuna sögdi.
He swore at his friend.
347. sögüşmek – to argue
Men Mähri bilen sögüşdim.

I argued with Mahri.
Olar erbet sögüşdi.
They argued a lot.
Sen meň bilen sögüşjek bolma.
Don‟t try to argue with me.
348. söndürmek – to extinguish, turn off
Ol çyrany söndürdi.
He turned off the light.
349. sönmek – to go out (i.e. a fire or light)
Agşam tok söndi.

Last night the power went out.
Ody ölçerip durmasaň söner.
If you don‟t keep putting wood on the fire it‟ll go out.
Ol jaýyň piji söndümi?
Did the heat in that room go out?
350. söýmek – to love
Söýülmän söýmeli däl.

Don‟t love if you are not loved back.
Ol surat çekmegi söýýar.
He loves drawing pictures.
Men ejemi söýýän.
I love my mother.
351. söz bermek – to promise, give one’s word, swear
Men uly adam bolmaga söz berýän.

I swear I will become a big shot.
Sen maňa geljek diýip söz ber.
Give me your word that you‟ll come back.
Ol Mara gitmäge söz berer.
He promises to go to Mary.
352. sözünde durmak – to keep one’s word
Sen beren sözüňde durarmyň?

Are you going to keep your word?
Humaý beren sözünde durmady.
Humay didn‟t keep her word.
353. sözüni bölmek – to interrupt
Usually uses accusative and genitive cases.
Men gürleşýärkäm sözümi bölmäň.

Don‟t interrupt me while I‟m talking.
Olar çykyş edip duran kişiniň sözüni böldüler.
The interrupted the person who was giving the speech.
354. subut etmek - to prove
Usually uses accusative, dative, and genitive cases and/or “bilen”.
Men saňa hiç zady subut etmen.

I‟m not going to prove anything to you. OR. I don‟t have to prove anything
to you.
Ol diýen sözüni deliller bilen subut etdi.
He proved what he said with evidence.
Sen ony öldürmäniňi subut edip bileňok.
You can‟t prove that you didn‟t kill her.
Sen ony öldüreniňi subut edip bileňok.
You can‟t prove that you killed her.
355. suratlandyrmak – to describe
Jahan gören-eşiden zadyny suratlandyrmaga ökde.

Jahan is skilled at describing what she sees and hears.
Sen ol adamy suratlandyr.
Describe that man.
356. suw almak – to flood
Geçen ýyl bu obany suw aldy.

Last year this vllage was flooded.
Gowy gözegçilik etmeseň ekini suw aldyrsyň.
If you don‟t pay close attention you‟ll flood the crops.
357. suwa bökmek – to dive
Çagalar ýapdaky suwa bökdüler.

The children dove into the canal.
Sen çuň suwa böküp bilermeň?
Can you dive into deep water?
358. suwa düşmek – to swim, bathe, take a bath, shower, take a shower
Tomus paslynda derýada suwa düşülýär.

In the summertime people swim in the river.
Çagalar dynç alyşda köle suwa düşmäge gitdiler.
During the break the children went to the lake to swim.
Bäbejigi öýde suwa düşürmeli.
You must bathe the baby in the house.
Sen banýada suwa düşmeli.
You must shower in the banya.
359. suwarmak – to water
Men gülleri suwardym.

I watered the flowers.
Düýn ekini suwardyk.
Yesterday we watered the crops.
360. suwsamak – to be thirsty
Şu wagt şeýlebir suwsaýan.

I‟m thirsty right now.
Ýagly zat kän iýseň gaty suwsatýar.
If you eat a lot of oily fod it‟ll make you really thirsty.
361. sülmek – to roll (i.e. dice)
“Üç Aşyk” oýuny oýnalanda aşyklary gezekli-gezegine sülmeli.

When you play the game “Three Bones” you must take turns rolling the
bones.
362. süpürmek – to sweep, wipe
Men düýn içerini süpürdim.

Yesterday, I swept the inside of the house.
Kim tagtany süpürjek?
Who will wipe down the blackboard?
363. sürmek – to drive, conduct
Meniň oglan doganym otly sürýär.

My older brother conducts a train.
Men maşyn sürmegi öwrenmek üçin okuwa gitjek.
I will go to school to learn how to drive a car.
364. süýşmek – to move, scoot
Azajyk aňryk süýş.

Move (scoot) over there a little.
365. süýşürmek – to move (something), postpone
Aşgabada gitmegi biraz şüýşürdim.

I postponed going to Ashgabat a little bit.
Egzamyň günini 18-inden 20-ne süýşürdiler.
They moved the test date from the 18th to the 20th.
Bu şkafy çepe şüýşürmeli.
We must move the dresser to the left.
366. süzmek – to filter, strain
Men süýdi süzdim.

I strained the milk.
Men suwy süzdim.
I filtered the water.
367. sygmak – to fit
Täze sumkama köp kitap sygýar.

Many books fit in my new bag.
Gelenleriň ählisi şu jaýa sygar.
All of our guests will fit in this room.
368. sygyrmak – to whistle
Men dostumy sygyryp çagyrdym.

I whistled to my friend.
Serdar syrgyrmagy öwrendi.
Serdar learned to whistle.
369. synanyşmak – to try, attempt
Men ýokry okuwa girmäge synanyşdym.

I tried to enter a higher institution.
Synanyşyp gör!
Give it a try!
Maral kitap ýazmaga synanyşýar.
Maral is trying to write a book.
370. sypalamak – to pet
Jeren pişigini sypalaýar.

Jeren pets her cat.
Atam kellämi sypalady.
My grandfather petted my head.
371. syrmak – to shave, wipe, sweep, draw (i.e. a knife)
Arslan sakgalyny syrdy.

Arslan shaved his head.
Men içerimizi syrdym.
I swept our house.
372. syýahat etmek – to travel
Biz köne galalara sýyahat etdik.

We traveled to the old forts.
Türkmenistana köp myhmanlar sýyahat etdiler.
Many guests traveld to Turkmenistan.
Ş
373. şarpyk çalmak – to slap
Ol gaharynda dostuna şarpyk çaldy.

When he got mad he slapped his friend.
374. şepbeşmek – to stick to, become stuck
Ol kirden ýaňa şepbeşip dur.

He was so dirty his limbs stuck together.
Gawunyň şiresi elimi şepbeşdirdi.
The melon juice made my fingers stick together.
375. şeýtmek – to do like this
Usually uses no noun case unless it’s used in conjunction with another verb in
which case it uses the noun case or cases associated with that verb.
Suraty şeýdip çek.

Draw the picture like this.
Şeýdip ýöreme, gowy gelşenok.
Don‟t walk like that, it doesn‟t look good.
Tüweleme sen kän işleýän, şeýtseň uly adam bolarsyň
Good job, you really work hard, if you keep it up you‟ll be a big shot in no
time.
Ol şeýle bir gürleýär, haýran galyp oturmaly.
He speaks so well you can‟t help but be amazed.
T
376. talap etmek – to demand, require
Menden başarmajak işimi talap etme.

Don‟t demand that I do things that I won‟t be able to do.
Okuwçylardan her gün öý işi talap edilýär.
Everyday the students are required to do their homework.
377. tama etmek – to hope, dream (hope)
Hiç wagt hiç kimden kömek tama etmedim.

I never dreamed help would come from anyone.
Sen gowy kitap ýazarsyň diýip tama edýän.
I hope you will write a good book one day.
Jigim lukman bolar diýip tama edýän.
I hope my little sister will one day become a doctor.
378. tanamak – to know (someone), recognize (someone)
Gowy adamlar hemme ýerde tanalýar.

Good men are recognized everywhere.
Arka tarabyňdan seni tanamandyryn.
I didn‟t recognize you from behind.
Men ony tanamok.
I don‟t know him.
379. tanatmak – to introduce, show
Ol özüniň kimdigini tanatdy.

He introduced himself. OR. He showed us who he really was.
Başarsaň, özüňi hemmelere gowy adam hökmünde tanat.
Show your good side to others if you can.
380. tans etmek – to dance
Jahan toýda gowy tans edýär.

Jahan dances well at parties.
Täjikler geň tans edýärler.
Tajiks dance strangely.
381. tanyşmak – to meet (someone), make (someone’s) acquaintance, to familiarize

oneself.
Men oň bilen toýda tanyşdym.

I met him (for the first time) at a wedding.
Men ol ýazyjynyň terjimehaly bilen tanyşdym.
I familiarized myself with that writer‟s biography.
Men Aşgabada gidemde owadan gyz bilen tanyşdym.
When I went to Ashgabat I met a beautiful girl.
382. tapmak – to find
Usually uses the accusative case.
Men täze iş tapdym.

I found new work. OR. I found a new job.
Men ýoldaşlarymy tapdym.
I found my companions.
Ol ýitiren açaryny tapdy.
He found the key that he lost.
383. taşlamak – to throw, quite, abandon, give someone a ride, toss, leave someone
Usually uses accusative and dative cases and/or “bilen”.
Ol çilim çekmegi taşlady.

He quit smoking.
Meni maşynyň bilen Tejene taşlasana.
Give me a ride to Tejen (with your car).
Söýgülim meni taşlap gitdi.
My girlfriend left me.
Eliňdäkini musora taşlasana.
Please toss that (what‟s in your hand) in the trash.
Maral çagalaryny bir boş jaýa taşlap gitdi.
Maral abandoned her children in a vacant house.
384. taýyarlamk – to prepare
Men toýa taýýarlandym.

I‟m prepared for the party.
Şahyr goşgularyny çapa taýýarlapdyr.
The poet prepared his poems to be printed.
385. taýyn etmek – to set something up, prepare
Eritir gitmek üçin çemodanymy taýyn etdim.

I prepared (packed) my suitcase to leave tomorrow.
Myhmanlar gelmänkä saçagy taýyn etdim.
I set the table before the guests arrived.
386. tejribe etmek – to experience, experiment (rare)
Himiýa otaglarynda tejribe geçirilýär.

Experiments are done in chemistry class.
Köp işlemek tejribäňi artdyrýar.
Working a lot increases your experience.
387. temmi bermek – to punish (i.e. in school) (rare)
Oňa berk temmi bermeli.

You must punish him harshly.
Ejem maňa temmi berdi.
My mother punished me.
388. terbiýelemek – to bring up (a child), raise (a child)

Men ýaşlary terbiýeleýärin.
I raise children.
Çagalary kiçilikde terbiýelemeli.
You must raise children when they‟re young.
389. terjime etmek - to translate
Doganym täze kitap terjime etdi.

My older brother translated a new book.
Okuwçylar sözleri iňlisden türkmençä terjime etýärler.
The students translate words from English to Turkmen.
390. tertibe salmak – to put in order, organize
Men öz oturýan otagymy tertibe saldym.

I put my room in order.
Etmeli işlerimi gowy edip tertibe salmasam ýetişemok.
If I don‟t organize the work I need to do, I won‟t complete it on time.
391. täsir etmek – to influence, effect, leave an impression
Säherde görüp zatlarym maňa täsir etdi.

The things I saw in the city left a good impression on me.
Sen meň durmuşuma gowy täsir etdiň.
You were a good influence on my life.
392. täzelemek – to renew, change
Doktor hassanyň daňysyny täzeledi.

The doctor changed the patient‟s bandage.
Men wizamy täzeledim.
I renewed my visa.
Men köwşümi täzeledim.
I bought new shoes.
Ogulnur pahyr ýurduny täzeläpdir.
Poor old Ogulnur passed away.
393. titremek – to shake, shiver
Men üşäp-üşäp titredim.

I shivered from the cold.
Garda galan güjüjek titreýärdi.
The puppy that got left behind in the snow shivered.
Hytaýda erbet ýer titredi.
There was a horrible earthquake in China.
Gahardan ýaňa onuň eli titredi.
His hands shook with anger.
394. togalamak – to roll (i.e. a ball), roll out/up (i.e. table cloth), twist
Keçämi togalap goýber.

Roll up the rug.
Daşarda gar togaladyk.
We rolled big snowballs outside.
Daşarda gar tokgaladyk.
We made (little) snowballs outside.
Ol maşynyň rulyny togalady.
He turned the car‟s steering wheel.
Baklaşgaň gapagyny gowy togala.
Twist the bottle cap hard.
395. tolgunmak – to be excited, flattered, emotional
Usually uses dative and locative cases
Men onuň sözlerine tolgundym.

I got excited about what he told me.
Öwenlerinde gaty tolgunypdym.
I was flattered by the nice things he said.
G. Şagulyýew goşgulyny okanda tolgunýar.
When G. Shagulyyew reads her poems she gets very emotional.
396. toplamak – to gather (pile), pile, save
Ol kän pul toplady.

He saved a lot of money.
Tokaýdan it-imişdir miwe topladyk.
We gathered fruits and berries in the forest.
397. topulmak – to attack suddenly, jump on
Orazgüle it topulypdyr.
A dog attacked Orazgul.
Men gaharyma oňa topuldym.
When I got angry I attacked him.
398. toslamak – to make up
Romanlarda toslama wakalar kän.

In novels there are many made up events.
Ýok zady toslap oturma.
Don‟t make up things that don‟t exist.
Maňa toslama aýdyp berme.
Don‟t feed me made up crap.
399. towlamak – to turn (i.e. a faucet), twist, screw in
Stoluň boldyny towladym.

I screwed in the table‟s bolt.
Akylly bolmasaň gulagyňy towlaryn.
If you don‟t behave I‟ll twist your ear.
400. toý etmek – to throw a party, get married
Meret Jemal bilen toý edýär.

Meret ertir toý edýär.
Meret is getting merried tomorrow. OR. Meret is throwing a party
tomorrow.
401. tölemek – to pay, replace
Men depderiň bahasyny töledim.

I paid for the notebook. OR. I bought the notebook.
Döwen aýnamyzy töledik.
We paid for the mirror we broke. OR. We replaced the mirror we broke.
402. töwekgellik etmek – to take a risk
Usually uses dative case and/or “üçin”.
Men beýle töwekgellik edip bilmän.

I can‟t take that risk.
Ol meniň göwnüm üçin janyna töwekgellik edti.
He risked himself for my well being.
403. turmak – to raise, stand up, get up, wake up
Ýeriňden turup, daşaryk seret.

Get up from where you are and look outside.
Şu gün biz ir turýas.
Today we wake up early.
404. turuzmak – to wake (someone) up
Ejem meni her gün turuzýar.

My mother wakes me up everyday.
Ýuwaşrak bol, bäbejigi turuzaýma.
Be quiet, don‟t wake the baby.
405. tutmak – to hold, catch (i.e. a fish, a ball), grab, arrest, comprise, make up,
maintain, keep, hang, wrap
Usually uses accusative, dative, and instrumental cases and/or “bilen”.
Awçy guş tutdy.

The hunter caught the bird.
Men tutylary tutdym.
I hung the curtains.
Ýorgana daş tutdym.
I wrapped the blanket in its sheet cover.
Ekine suw tutupdyrlar.
They watered the garden.
Jigim çeňňek bilen balyk tutdy.
My little sister caught a fish with a fishing pole.
Şu matadan öz tarapyňy tut.
Hold this material from your end (so I can cut it).
Jigiň elinden tut.
Hold your little sister by the hand. Or. Grab your little sister by the hand.
Ýolda bizi polisiýa tutdy.
The police arrested us in the street.
406. türmä basmak – to imprison
Eden jenaýaty üçin ony türmä basdylar.

The imprisoned him for the crime he commited.
407. tüýkürmek – to spit
Uusally uses dative case.
Meniň ýanymda tüýkürme.

Don‟t spit near me.
Oň ýüzüne tüýkürdiler.
They spit in his face.
U
408. uçmak – to fly
Usually uses locative and instrumental case and/or the “-ly/-li” construction.
Men uçarda/uçarly uçdym.

I flew on a plane. OR. I flew by plane.
Guşlar ýokardan uçýar.
Birds fly from (up) above.
409. ugramak – to depart, start (donig something)
Men ertir Tejene ugrajak.

I will depart for Tejen tomorrow.
Sen Aşgabatdan ugraňda aýt.
Tell me when you depart (leave) Ashgabat.
410. ugratmak – to send off, see off, bury
Usually uses accusative and instrumental cases and the dative case in conjunction
with “çenli”.
Esgerleri gulluga ugratdyk.

We sent the soldiers off to the army.
Men seni çatryga çenli ugradaýyn.
Let me see you off until the intersection.
Ony işden Aşgabada ugratdylar.
They sent him from work to Ashgabat.
Meret agany iki-de ugratýarlar.
They will bury elder Meret at two.
411. uklamak – to fall asleep
Ol çalt uklaýar.
He falls asleep quickly.
Jigim oturan ýerinde uklapdyr.
My little sister fell asleep where she sat.
412. ulalmak – to get bigger, grow up
Baglar gowy ulalypdur.

The tree got a lot bigger.
Onuň işi ulalypdyr.
His work got bigger (i.e. He moved up in rank).
Jüýjelerimiz eýýäm ulaldy.
Our chicks already grew up.
Men obada ulaldym.
I grew up in a village.
413. ulaltmak – to enlarge, exaggerate, raise (i.e. a child)
Me iki çaga ulaltdym.

I raised two children.
Ol jaýyny ulaltdy.
They enlarged the room.
414. ulanmak – to use, put to work
Men kompýuter ulanýan.

I use the computer.
Köplenç öýde jigilerimi ulanýan.
At home, I usually put my lttle siblings to work.
415. urmak - to hit (i.e. in a fight), stirke (down)
Merdan ony urdy.

Merdan hit him.
Ol itini taýak bilen urdy.
He hit his dog with a stick.
Noýabrda ekinleri sowuk urýar.
In November the cold hits (kills) the crops.
Erbet işler etseň Hudaý urar.
If you do bad things God will strike you down.
416. uruşmak - to fight
Amerika yrak bilen uruşýar.

America is fighting with Iraq.
Düýn bazaryň ýanynda oglanlar uruşypdyr.
Yesterday, near the bazaar, boys were fighting.
Erkek adamlar it uruşdyrmagy gowy görýär.
Tough guys like dog fights. (lit. like to make dogs fight)
417. utanmak - to be shy, embarrassed, self-conscious
Men aýdym aýtmaga utanýan.

I am shy of singing songs.
Ol tagta geçende utanýar.
He is embarrassed to come to the blackboard.
418. utmak - to win (a competition), defeat (an opponent)
Sytdyh aga hemişe küşt oýnanda utýar.

Whenever elder Sytdyh plays chess he wins.
Olar jedelde utdy.
They won the bet.
Köpetdag Nusaý komandasyny 2:1 utdy.
Kopetdag defeated Nusay 2:1.
Türkiýe çekleri utyp, çärýek finala çykdy.
Turkey beat the Czechs and made it to the quarter finals.
419. utulmak - to lose (a competition), be defeated
Maýa kart oýnanda utuldy.

When Maya played cards she lost.
Köpetdag Nusaýdan utuldy.
Kopetdag lost to Nusay.
420. uýmak – to believe (in religion), have faith, pray
Adamlar dürli dinlere uýyarlar.

People believe in many different religions.
Olar Alla uýyarlar.
They pray to Allah.
Ü
421. üflemek – to blow
Şary üfläp çişirýäris.

We‟re blowing up balloons
Ol eline üfleýär.
He blew on his hand (when it got burnt).
Ejem çaýy üfledi.
My mother blew on her tea.
422. üns bermek - to pay attention

Siz sapaga gowy üns beriň.
Pay close attention to the lesson.
Men seň sözleriňe üns berýän.
I pay attention to your words (i.e I pay attention to what you say).
423. ünsüni bölmek – to distract someone
Usually uses accusative and genitive cases.
Ol meň ünsümi bölýär.

He distracts me.
Aýdymyň sesi meň ünsümi bölýär.
The song is distracting me.
424. üpjün etmek – to supply, provide
Maksat olary azyk bilen üpjün edýär.

Maksat provides them with provisions (food).
Dükany haryt bilen üpjün etmeli.
We must supply the store with goods.
425. üsgürmek – to cough
Usually uses no oun case.
Jigim sowuklapdyr, kän üsgürýär.

My little sister caught cold and is coughing a lot.
Sen öten agşam erbet üsgürdiň.
You coughed a lot last night.
426. üşemek – to feel cold, catch cold
Men-ä eýýäm üşeýän.

I‟m already catching cold.
Daşarda kän durma, üşärsiň.
Don‟t stay outside too long, you‟ll catch cold.
427. ütüklemek – to iron
Tutylary gyz dogaym bilen ütükledik.

I ironed the curtains with my older sister.
Okuwçylaryň okuw eşiklerini gowy edip ütükläň!
Please iron the students‟ school uniforms well!
428. üwemek - to grind (i.e. meat)
Men et üwedim.
I ground some meat.
Biz ot üwetdik.
We had them grind some grass (for our livestock to eat).
429. üýtgemek - to change (sometimes for the worse), go bad
Bu nahar üýtgäpdir.
This food went bad.
Howa üýtgäp başlady.
The weather has started to change (for the worse).
Bu gülüň reňki üýtgäpdir.
This flower changed color.
430. üýtgetmek – to alter, change (sometimes for the worse)
Sen ýoluňy üýtgetme.

Don‟t change your way (i.e Don‟t do bad things).
Pul adamy üýtgetýär.
Money changes people (for the worse).
Ol geýnişini üýtgetmeýär.
He never changes what he wears.
431. üzmek – to uproot (lit. And fig.), pick, break, snap, settle (about money),
interrupt

Sen bergiňi üzdiňmi?
Did you settle your debt?
Gatnaşygy üzmäli.
Let‟s not break off our relationship.
Bu ýüp üzüldi.
This rope snapped.
W
432. wagt ýitirmek – to lose time, waste time
Biz oturyp wagt ýitirýäs.

We‟re just sitting around wasting time.
Wagt ýitirmän, işe başlaly.
Let‟s start working without wasting time.
433. wagyz etmek – to preach
Ol ynsaply bolmagy wagyz edýär.

He preaches the virtues of honesty.
434. wepat bolmak – to die (in battle)
Usually uses locative case and/or “üçin”.
Meň garry atam uruşda wepat boldy.

My old grandfather dies in battle.
Ýüzlerçe gerçek watan üçin wepat boldy.
Hundreds of brave men have died in battle for their nation.
435. wägirmek – to scream (from fright)
Ol nämä wägirýär-kä?
What‟s he screaming at (about)?
Ol wägirip aglady.
She was screaming and crying.
Ý
436. ýadyna düşmek – to remember

Oň gelmelidigi ýadyma düşdi.
I remembered that he must come.
Meň kakam ýadyma düşdi.
I remembered my father.
Sen hat ýazmalydygyň ýadyňa düşenokmy?
Don‟t you remember that you have to write a letter?
437. ýadyndan çyk(ar)mak – to forget
Usually uses accusative, genitive, and instrumental cases.

Meň diýen zatlarym onuň ýadyndan çykypdyr.
He forgot what I said.
Ol surat getirmegi ýadyndan çykardy.
He forgot to bring the picture.
Men bu zatlary ýadymdan çykarman.
I will never forget these things.
438. ýadyna salmak – to remember
Usually uses accusative, dative, and genitive cases.
Seň adyňy hiç ýadyma salyp bilemok.

I can‟t remember your name at all.
Ol geçen günlerini ýadyna saldy.
He remembered his past (days).
439. ýaglamak - to oil, grease, butter
Ol tikin maşyny ýaglady.

She oiled her sewing machine.
Somsany duhowka salmankaň ýagla.
Butter the somsa before you put it in the oven.
440. ýagtylmak - to brighten, light up
Bu günler 7-den soň jahan ýagtylýar.

These days it doesn‟t get bright out until after 7 in the morning.
Hoş aýtsaň oň ýüzi ýagtylýar.
If you say kind words her faces lights up.
441. ýagtyltmak – to illuminate, light up (an area)
Men fonar bilen ýolumy ýagtyltdym.

I lit my way with the lantern.
Otaglary ýagtyltdyk.
We illuminated the rooms (i.e. We turned on all the lights).
442. ýaka tutmak - to be shocked, shady, leery of (lit. to grab one’s own collar)
Ol gören zadyna ýaka tutýar.

He was leery of what he saw.
Meni göreňde ýakaňy tutan bolma.
Don‟t be shady when you see me.
Onuň eden işini eşidip men-ä ýaka tutandyryn.
I was shocked by wat he did.
443. ýaka ýyrtmak – to chew someone out (lit. to tear someon’s collar)
Ol Jeren bilen yaka ýyrtyp sögüşdi.

He chewed Jeren out.
444. ýakmak – to light a/on fire, set on fire, burn, turn on (a light etc.)
Bar çyrany ýak!

Go turn on the light!
Men gazy ýakdym
I turned on the gas.
Daşarda ot ýakdyk.
We lit a fire outside.
445. ýalamak – to lick, taste (a little bit)
Meret bulamakdan ýalady.

She tasted a little bit of cereal (with her tongue).
Men buzgaýmak ýalaýan.
I lick ice cream.
446. ýalbarmak – to implore, beg
Men oňa Tejene gitme diýip ýalbardym.

I begged him not to go to Tejen.
Sabyr ondan pul diläp ýalbardy.
Sabyr begged him for money.
Men saňa ýalbarýan, gaýrat etde bazara gidip ber.
I‟m beggng you, please do me a favor and go to the bazaar.
447. ýalkamak – to bless
Haýyrly iş etseň Alla ýalkar.

If you do good things God will bless you.
Hudaý ony ýalkap gowy ogul beripdir.
God blessed him by giving him a good son.
Taňry ýalkasyn.
God bless you.
448. yalňyşmak – to make a mistake, be wrong, go wrong
Sen ýalňyşdyň.
You‟re worng. Or. You made a mistake.
Olar test işlände ýalňyşypdyrlar.
While they were taking a test they made many mistakes.
Meň diýenimi etseň ýalňyşmarsyň.
If you do what I say you‟ll never go wrong.
Sen Durdy bilen işlejek diýip ýalňyşma.
Don‟t make the mistake of working with Durdy.
449. ýaltanmak – to be lazy (to do something)
Men nahar etmäge ýaltanýan.

I‟m too lazy to cook.
Ol kitap okanda ýaltanyp okaýar.
When he reads a book he reads it lazily.
450. ýamanlamak – to slander, say bad things about
Sen hiç wagt dostuňy ýamanlaňok.

You never say bad things about your friend.
Ol meni ýamanlapdyr.
He slandered (said bad things about) me.
451. ýan bermek – to give in, yield, lose (a game), dock, give up
Ol durmuşyň nähili kynçylygyny görsede ýan bermedi.

No matter what difficulty he saw in his life he never gave up.
Biz duşmanlara ýan bermeris.
We will never yield to our enemies.
452. ýanamak – to nurse, breast feed, oppress, lean on, rely on, tease
Men oňa Jereni ýanap güldim.

I teased him about marrying Jeren (because she was fat, unattractive, etc.)
Ol bäbegini ýanady.
She nursed (breast fed) her baby.
453. ýapmak – to close, shut, shut down, turn off, cover, bake
Usually uses accusative case, the genitive case in conjunction with “üst”, and/or
bilen.
Bar gapyny ýap.

Go close the door.
Birinji gün bazar ir ýapylýar.
The bazaar closes early on Monday.
Telewizory ýapsana.
Turn off the television.
Jigimiň üstüni ýorgan bilen ýapdym.
I covered my little sister with a blanket.
454. ýapyşmak – to cling to, stick to

Men oň elinden ýapyşdym.
I clung to his hand.
Men Oraza ýapyşdym.
I clung to Orash (so he wouldn‟t leave).
455. ýaramak – to like, be sick (used in the negative)
Men Mara gitmäge ýaraman.

I‟m too sick to go to Mary.
Düýnki kino maňa ýarady.
I liked yesterday‟s movie.
Seň ýaraýan işiň ýok.
You‟re not fit for any job (i.e. you‟re useless).
456. ýarmak – to explode, crack, bite (for animals), appear, scare
Meni it ýarady.
A dog bit me.
Ýuwaşrak gürlesene, ýüregimi ýardyň.
Lower your voice, you‟re scaring me.
Bomba ýarylypdyr.
The bomb exploded.
Agaçda pyntyklar ýarylypdyr.
The buds on the tree appeared.
Olaryň sesine ýüregim ýaryldy.
Their voices scared me.
457. ýasamak - to make, create
Men stol ýasaýan.

I‟m making a table.
Biz täze gapy ýasatdyk.
We had a new door made.
Uny goýmaga ýer ýasadym.
I made space to put the flour down.
458. ýaşamak – to live
Men aşgabatda uly jaýda enem bilen ýaşaýan.

I live in Ashgabat in a big house with my grandmother.
459. ýaşaşmak – to live together
Olar agzybir ýaşaşdy.

They lived in peace.
Jeren Durdy bilen ýaşaşyp bilmedi.
Jeren couldn‟t live with Durdy.
460. ýaşmak – to set (i.e. the sun)
Gyşyna gün ir ýaşýar.

In winter the sun sets early.
461. ýat tutmak – to memorize
Men goşgyny ýat tutdym.

I memorized the poem.
462. ýatlatmak – to remind
Maňa iki-de gitmelidigimi ýatlatsana.

Remind me that I have to leave at two.
Goşgy okanda oňa bilmeýän ýerini ýatlatdym.
While he was reading the poem I helped him remember his lines (by
reminding him what they were).
463. ýatmak – to lie down, sleep, die (used for fruits and vegetables)
Men daşarda ýatýan.

I sleep outside.
Men düşekde ýatýan.
I sleep on a düşek.
Hyýarlar suwsyz ýatypdyrlar.
The cucumbers died from lack of water.
464. ýazmak – to write, spread out, smooth out, roll out
Men täze sözleri ýazdym.

I wrote new words.
Şirin gönükmäni depderine ýazdy.
Shirin wrote the exercise in her notebook.
Men Oraza hat ýazdym.
I wrote Oraz a letter.
Myhmanymyza saçak ýazmaly.
We must smooth the bread cloth out for our guest.
Öýe haly ýazsana.
Please roll the carpet out in the house.
Etiň asagyna klýonka ýaz.
Spread the table cloth out underneath the meat.
465. ýeňlemek – to become lighter (weight), easier, be relieved (i.e. of an illness),

alliviate
Seň bilen gürleşsem derdim ýeňleýär.

When I talk with you my pain becomes lighter (i.e. is alleviated or
relieved)
Pagtany güne atsaň ýeňleýär.
When you put cotton in the sun it becomes lighter.
466. ýeňletmek – to make lighter, easier, relieve
Goşuňy ýeňlet, ýogsam uzak ýolda kyn bolar.

Make you bags lighter, otherwise it will be difficult (to carry them) on a
long road.
Käwagt okuwçylaryň öý işini ýeňletýän.
Sometimes I make the students‟ homework easier.
467. ýeňmek – to overcome (an obstacle), win (a competition), defeat
Men bar ýaryşda ýeňýän.

I win at all the competitions.
Durmuşyň ähli kynçylyklaryny ýeňip geçdim.
I‟ve overcome all of life‟s difficulties.
Biz faşistleri ýeňdik.
We defeated the Fascists.
468. ýerleşmek – to be located, place, live, find (a job)
Usually uses accusative, dative, and genitive cases.
Bu şäher kenaryň ýakasynda ýerleşýär.

This city is located on the coast.
Biz myhmanhana ýerleşip bilmedik.
We couldn‟t find a place to stay at the hotel.
Şu kitaplaryň baryny şol tekjä ýerleşmeli.
You must place all these books on that shelf.
Ol bärik ýerleşip bilmedi.
He couldn‟t live here.
Men mekdepde işe ýerleşdim.
I found a job at the school.
469. ýetişmek – to mature (of a person), ripen, grow up to be, be on time, make time
Biz dogumlyja bolup ýetişdik.

We grew up to be very capable people.
Sen-ä gowy lukman bolup ýetişipsiň.
You really grew up to be a great doctor.
Şu wagt limonlar ýetişdi.
Now the lemons have ripened.
Men otla zordan ýetişdim.
I barely made the train.
Men Aşgabatdan gelip ýetişmedim.
I didn‟t make it on time coming from Ashgabat.
Işim kän hem bolsa oňa kömek etmäge ýetişerin.
Even if I have a lot of work I will still make time for you.
470. ýetmek – to achieve, attain, reach, approach (come alongside), suffice (be
enough), make it
Usualy uses dative and locative cases.
Biz Aşgabada iki sagatda ýetdik.

We reached (made it to) Ashgabat in two hours.
Gel ylgaly, kim öňürti mekdebe ýetmeşek.
C‟mon, let‟s have a race and see who makes it to the school first.
Nahar barymyza ýeter.
The food will be enough for all of us.
Zordan seň ýanyňa ýetdim, kömek etmeseň bolmaz.
I came to you with great difficulty, if you don‟t help me it won‟t do.
471. ýigit çykmak – to reach manhood, grow up (of a boy)
Tüweleme, Alaş eýýäm ýigit çykypdyr.

Bravo! Allash has already reached manhood.
Sen ýigit çykdyň, indi öýüňize hemmetaraplaýyn kömek etmeli.
You‟ve grown up, now you must help out all around the house.
472. ýigrenmek – to hate
Men ýalançy adamy ýigrenýän.

I hate liars.
Ol boş ýatmany ýigrenýär.
He hates doing nothing.
473. ýitirmek – to lose (an object)
Men düýn ruçkamy ýitirdim.

I lost my pen yesterday.
Meň seň beren adresiňi ýitirdim.
I lost the address you gave me. OR. I lost your address.
Seni düýnden bäri gözleýän, nirä ýitirim-boldyň?
I‟ve been looking for you since yesterday, where did you run off to?
474. ýitmek – to vanish, disappear
Onuň okuwa bolan höwesi ýitipdir.

All of his enthusiasm for going to school has disappeared.
Kakamyň maňa ýazan goşgasy ýitipdir.
The poem(s) my father wrote for me have disappeared.
Meň elimdäki ýaramyň yzy ýitdi.
The scar on my hand disappeared.
475. ýoldaş bolmak – to accompany
Maňa bazara gitmäge ýoldaş bolsana.

Please accompany me to the bazaar.
Men saňa ýeke galmaz ýaly ýoldaş bolaryn.
I will accompany you so you won‟t be alone.
476. ýöremek - to walk, go (by foot), run (of a machine), affect, push off (i.e. a
train)
Men her gün ep-eşli ýöreýän.

I walk a long way everyday.
Ertir ir bilen Tejene ýörejek.
Tomorrow morning I will go to Tejen.
Tikin maşyny ýaglamaly ýogsam gowy ýöränok.
You must oil the sewing machine otherwise it won‟t run well.
Ary çaksa maňa erbet ýöreýär.
If a bee stings me it affects me badly.
Otly ýöremänkän ony gördim.
I saw him before the train pushed off.
477. ýumurmak – to destroy, demolish
Olar köne jaýyny ýumurdy.

They demolished their old house.
Bu binaň suwagy ýumurulypdyr.
The plaster on the building was destroyed.
478. ýuwmak – to wash
Men elimi sabyn bilen ýuwdym.

I washed my hands with soap.
Ol günasini ýuwjak boldy.
He tried to relieve himself of blame.
Men gap-gaçlary ýuwdym.
I washed the dishes.
Ol mekdepde pol ýuwýar.
She washes the floor at school.
479. ýuwunmak – to wash (oneself)
Irden turup el-ýüzümi ýuwundym.

I got up in the morning and washed my hands and face.
Men egin-eşiklerimi ýuwundym.
I washed my clothes.
480. ýuwutmak – to swallow (lit. and fig.)
Men gaharymy ýuwutdym.

I swallowed my anger.
Ol iňňe ýuwutdy.
She swallowed a needle (to commit suicide).
Agyzyňdakyny ýuwudyp gürlesene.
Please swallow what‟s in your mouth and then speak.
481. ýüregi awamak – to feel bad for, show sympathy for, one’s heart to ache
Maňa hiç kimiň ýüregi awamady.

Nobody has ever felt bad for me. OR. Nobody has ever shown me
sympathy.
Oň bolup ýörşüne ýüregim awaýar.
As he leaves my heart aches.
482. ýüregi düşüşmek – to calm down
Oň ýüregi düşüşdi, indi Jereni görjek bolanok.

He has calmed down, he doesn‟t try to see Jeren anymore.
483. ýüregine düşmek – to annoy (someone)
Olar kän gürläp meň ýüregime düşdüler.

They annoyed me by talking too much.
Aýdymyň sesi ýüregime düşýär.
That song annoys me.
484. ýürek gysmak – to be bored, miss, long for
Meň bu ýerde ýüregim gysýar.

I‟m bored here.
Meni biri ýatlarýar, ýüregim gysýar.
I think I‟m in someone‟s thoughts right now for my heart is tightening.
Note: Many Turkmen believe that if someone thinks about you your heart tightens.
485. ýüzmek – to swim
Men derýada ýüzdüm.

I swam in the river.
Geldi çalt ýüzýär.
Geldi swims quickly.
486. ýygmak – to harvest, pick (i.e. cotton), gather (people), collect (people)
Bugdaý tomus ýygylýar.

Wheat is harvested in the summer.
Şeker kän pagta ýygdy.
Sheker picked a lot of cotton.
Men dürli ştamplary ýygnaýan.
I collect all sorts of stickers.
Olaryň öýüne kän adam ýygnandy.
Many people were gathered at their house.
487. ýykmak – to destroy, ruin, make fall, trip, take down, strike
Olar haýatyny ýykdy.

They took down the fence.
Ýyldyrym bagy ýykdy.
Lightening struck the tree down.
Jigiňi ýykaýma!
Don‟t trip you little sister! OR. Don‟t make your little sister fall!
Gurlyşykçylar köne jaýy ýykdylar.
The construction workers demolished (destroyed) the old house.
488. ýykylmak – to be destroyed, fall down, fail, trip, collapse
Men ylgap barýarkam ýykyldym.

I tripped while I was running.
Olaryň jaýy ýykylýar.
Their house is collapsing.
Geçen ýyl Maral eksamenden ýykyldy.
Last year Maral failed the exam.
489. ýylgyrmak – to smile
Merjen mylaýym ýylgyrdy.

Merjen smiles warmly. OR. Merjen has a warm smile.
Ol meň sözlerime ýylgyrdy.
He smiled at what I said.
Y
490. ylgamak – to run
Usually uses locative case and/or “bilen”. Sometimes uses “-ly/-li” construction.
Men parkda ylgaýan.

I run in the park.
Men Myrat bilen ylgaýan.
I run with Myrat.
Men krosowkaly ylgaýan.
I run with sneakers.
491. ynanmak – to believe, trust
Men saňa ynanýan.

I trust you.
Bile gowy işlejekdigimize ynanýan.
I believe we will work well together.
492. yrmak – to convince
Men ony Aşgabada gitmäge yrdym.

I convinced her to go to Ashgabat.
Guwanç Jereni yrypdyr.
Guwanch convinced Jeren (to marry him).
493. ysgamak – to smell

Men gülleri ysgaýan.
I smelled the flowers.
Bäbegi ogşamaly däl, ysgamaly.
You shouldn‟t kiss babies, you should only smell them.
Note: Some Turkmen consider kissing other peoples’ babies impolite so they smell the
babies’ necks or cheeks instead.
494. yslanmak – to rot, decompose, stink, go bad
Nahary sowadyja sal, ýogsam ol yslanar.

Put the food in the refrigerator otherwise it‟ll rot.
Bu salat eýýäm yslanypdyr.
This salad has already gone bad.
495. yzarlamak – to follow, track, persue
Usualy uses accusative case.
Güýç teksti okaýarkan siz ony yzarlaň.

Please follow along while Guych reads the text.
Durdyny yzarlaýar.
They‟re following Durdy.
Tazy towşany yzarlap tapdy.
The hunting dog chased after the rabbit and caught it.
Z
496. zakaz etmek – to order (goods or food), request
Men-ä şişlik zakaz etjek.

I‟m going to order sheshlik.
Biz halk aýdym zakaz etdik.
We requested that they play “Halk” music.
497. zaýalamak – to pollute, ruin
Ol meň köýnegimi zaýalady.

She ruined my dress (by sewing it badly).
Sen meň depderimi zaýalaýma.
Don‟t ruin my notebook (by polluting its pages with drawings, spilled
water, etc.)
498. zaýalanmak – to go bad (i.e. food), spoil (i.e. food), rot, go bad
Pombarka suw degse zaýalanýar.

If water gets on the velvet it‟ll ruin it.
Düýnki nahar indi zaýalanandyr.
Yesterday‟s food must have already gone bad.
Bu pomidor zaýalanypdyr.
This tomato‟s rotted.
Onuň agzy zaýalanypdyr.
His mouth has rotted (from using heroin).
499. zorlamak – to force (someone to do something), rape, get salty
Meňli ony okamaga zorlady.

Mengli forced her to read.
Bu nahar kän gaýnap zorlanypdyr.
This water boiled for too long and got salty.
Merdan bir gyzy zorlapdyr.
Merdan raped a girl.
500. zowzuldamak – to worry
Ol mydama zowzuldap ýör.

He always worries about everything.
Zowzuldap ýörmede, işiň aladasyny et.
Concentrate on your work, don‟t worry about everything else.
501. zyňmak – to throw
Men ite daş zyňdym.

I threw a rock at the dog.
Şu hapany musora zyňsana.
Throw this trash in the garbage.
Bolgusyz pikirleri kelläňden zyň.
Rid your head of silly thoughts.

501 Turkmen Verbs

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501 Turkmen Verbs

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501 Turkmen

Usualy uses acusative case.

Men gapyny açdym.

Usually uses “üçin”.

Düýn ýitiren pulym üçin otyryp agladym.

3. aglatmak – to make someone cry, bring someone to tears.

Usually uses accusative case.

Ýuwaş bolsaň, seni köp kişi aglatýar.

4. agralmak – to gain weight, advance in pregnancy, worsen, grow more

Usually uses no noun case.

Iýip – içip, kän hereket etmeseň kiläň çalt agralýar.

Usually uses dative case.

Bes etsene! Seň o sözleriňi eşitmek maňa agyr degýär.

6. agyrmak – to hurt, ache

Usually uses genative case.

Onuň eli agyrýar.

7. agyrtmak – to injure, hurt (someone else), inflict pain

Usually uses accusative and dative cases.

Etli jamy göterip bilimi agyrtdym.

Usually uses no noun case.

Okuwdan gelemde gaty ajykýan.

9. akmak – to flow, run (of water)

Usually uses no noun case.

Hany açyp gör, krant akýarmykan.

10. aldamak – to lie, deceive

Usually uses accusative case.

Men seni aldadym.

11. aldanmak – to be decieved, misled

Usually uses dative case.

Men onuň sözlerine aldandym.

12. algyramak – to be uneasy, nervous, confused

Usually uses no noun case.

Iki gündir, aljyrap näme etjegimi bilemok.

13. almak – to take, get, receive, marry

Usually uses accusative and instrumental cases.

Serdar Jahandan hat aldy.

Usually uses accusative and dative cases.

Bu ygnagy direktor alyp barýar.

Usually uses accusative and instrumental cases.

Men buny daşardan alyp geldim.

16. aňkamak – to stink, smell bad, reek

Usually uses no noun case.

Tomusyň güni, köp kişiden deriň ysy aňkap dur.

17. aňmak – to realize, understand

Usually uses accusative case.

Men olaryň niýitini aňýan.

Usually uses accusative case.

Her gün diýen ýaly içerini irden arassalamaly.

19. arz etmek – to complain

Usually uses instrumental case.

Sen günüňden arz etseň, bizä bilmedik.

20. arzuw etmek – to wish, dream

Usually uses accusative and dative cases.

Saňa uzak ömür, jan saglyk arzuw edýän.

21. asgyrmak – to sneeze

Usually uses locative case.

Agyzyňy eliň bilen tutman, iliň içinde asgyrma.

22. asmak – to hang (up)

Usually uses accusative and instrumental cases.

Gunça ütüklenen eşikleri ýerli-ýerinden asdy.

Usually uses accusative and dative cases.

Awçylar bir keýigi iki gezek atypdyr.

Usually uses dative case.