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  • Giving Instruction

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    Kadek Puja Astuti
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    The document discusses giving instructions and provides examples. It defines giving instructions as expressing a request for another person to do something. Instructions use the imperative form and do not require a subject as the subject is usually "you." Examples are given for asking for and giving instructions by listing steps using words like "first," "then," and "next." The tense used for instructions is the simple present. The document also discusses language for sequence and continuation in instructions and provides examples of instructions for calculating standard deviation and a conversation example.

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    The document discusses giving instructions and provides examples. It defines giving instructions as expressing a request for another person to do something. Instructions use the imperative form and do not require a subject as the subject is usually "you." Examples are given for asking for and giving instructions by listing steps using words like "first," "then," and "next." The tense used for instructions is the simple present. The document also discusses language for sequence and continuation in instructions and provides examples of instructions for calculating standard deviation and a conversation example.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    1K views4 pages

    Giving Instruction

    Uploaded by

    Kadek Puja Astuti
    The document discusses giving instructions and provides examples. It defines giving instructions as expressing a request for another person to do something. Instructions use the imperative form and do not require a subject as the subject is usually "you." Examples are given for asking for and giving instructions by listing steps using words like "first," "then," and "next." The tense used for instructions is the simple present. The document also discusses language for sequence and continuation in instructions and provides examples of instructions for calculating standard deviation and a conversation example.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4

    Giving Instruction

    Definisi Giving Instruction

    Giving Instruction is an expression that is used in order that other person does what
    we instruct or request. Instruction (also called imperatives)

    Instruction require the person receiving them to do something, or to do stop doing it.
    Instruction are directly addressed to the person who has to do them. Therefore,

    instruction are

    one of the few types of English sentences that do not need a subject !
    the subject is usually “ you “ ( understood ). If there is any doubt who should do the
    instruction, the “ naming “ form the vocative is used.

    Asking for Instructions (Meminta instruksi)


    How do you (do this)?How do I…?
    • What is the best way to…?
    • How do I go about it?
    • What do you suggest?
    • How do you suggest I proceed?
    • What is the first step?
    Giving Instructions (Memberikan instruksi)
    • First, (you)…
    • Then, (you)…
    • Next, (you)…
    • Lastly, (you)…
    Starting out (Instruksi untuk melakukan tahap pertama)
    • Before you begin, (you should…)
    • The first thing you do is…
    • I would start by…
    • The best place to begin is…
    • to begin with,
    Continuing (Instruksi untuk melanjutkan)
    • After that,
    • The next step is to…
    • The next thing you do is…
    • Once you’ve done that, then…
    • When you finish that, then…
    Finishing (Instruksi untuk menyelesaikan)
    • The last step is…
    • The last thing you do is…
    • In the end,
    • When you’ve finished,
    • When you’ve completed all the steps
    Note : The tense used in giving instruction is “simple present”
    When the commanding word is a verb, you can use the infinitive without to.

    Example :
    • Write the sentences ! If you do not use a verb as a commanding word, you use be +
    adjective.

    Example :
    • Be quiet !
    • Be diligent!
    • Be strong!
    When you forbid someone to do something, you use don’t + verb infinitive without to.

    Example :
    • Don’t touch me !
    • Don’t cry !
    • Don’t close the web page !

    You often put the word ‘ please ‘ at the beginning or at the end of an instruction. You use it to
    make the instruction sounds more polite.
    Example :
    • Please, sit down / sit down, please. Language

    Language
    Sequence
    Sequence, or order, is important in giving instructions.
    Firstly become the first step is
    First of all become the first stage is
    To begin with become begins with
    Initially become commences with
    Beforehand become before this
    Previously become prior to this
    At the same time become during
    Simultaneously become when this happens and whille
    Secondly,thirdly etc become after this
    Next become the next step is
    Then become the in the next step
    Subsequently become in the following stage
    later become following this and as soon as the committe has finished its work
    eventually become until
    lastly become finishes with
    finally become concludes
    Instructions can be given in many ways. A list with the imperative form of the verb and
    words such as "first, "then, "next" is one common way. Continuous text using the present
    tense form of the verb with you and should is another common way. Make sure you
    distinguish between giving instructions - that is, telling someone how to do something - and
    describing a process - that is describing how something happens. Look at the following
    examples of different ways of giving instructions. Notice the highlighted language items:

    Calculating the standard deviation


    First, put the scores in order down the page.
    Then, work out the mean.
    Now calculate how much each deviates from the mean.
    Next, square each of these deviations.
    Add them all up.
    Now divide by the number of scores.
    Lastly find the square root.
    This is the standard deviation.

    Conversation
    Kevin : Would you mind helping me for a minute.Justin ?
    Justin : I’d be glad to, Kevin. What do you want me to do ?
    Kevin : Help me hang up this picture. Hold it
    straight while I put in the nail.
    justin : Yes, it’s straight, but it’s upside down.

    The example expressions of giving instruction


    • Open your book!
    • Close the door, please!
    • Be quiet, please!
    • Move the chair!
    • Open the window!
    • Pass me the sugar, please!
    • Stand up, please!

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