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Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation

Technique (ZMET) Project


ZMET = Research technique developed by Dr. Gerald
Zaltman that uses visual and sensory images to help
better understand the meanings of brands.

[Harvard Business Review Interview with Zaltman (via


YouTube):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQzYclR8ufM]

Traci Pierce
Campbell University
ZMET Project
Collaborative, small group exercise provides students
with deeper understanding of ZMET and consumers’
perceptions of brands.

—  Write well-known brand


names on slips of paper
(x 3).

—  Mix them up & let


students take slip out of
hat or bowl
ZMET Project
—  Individually, students
gather five pictures
(original, web, magazine, or other source) that
represent their thoughts & feelings about
brand.
◦  Pictures should not have the product itself or
brand name in them.
ZMET Project
—  Collectively, students work in their groups to:
1.  Take turns explaining images chosen;
2.  Discuss sensory images (sight, scent, sound, taste,
touch) that come to mind about the brand;
3.  Identify metaphors or themes that emerge from
group discussion of brand;
4.  Choose most meaningful pictures & create a collage;
5.  Present or write detailed description of each image,
its meaning, & any metaphors that emerged; and
explain how marketers might use information
gathered to communicate the brand more effectively
to consumers.
Example Collage for Pepsi

   

    
Example Collage for Google

   

    

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