TRANSISTOR TYPES Different transistor types and features

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There are different transistors available in the market to serve a variety of applications. Using a transistor’s datasheet, you can check its important parameters and choose a suitable transistor for your project/application.

Which transistor should I use?

There is no single answer to choosing a transistor because there are many transistors in the market. No single transistor is “the best in the market” because each transistor serves different applications. Choosing a transistor is heavily dependent upon its application and requirement of electric and thermal parameters.

How to choose a transistor?

There are N number of different transistors in the semiconductor market. Depending upon its application, you may try selecting a transistor by going through its datasheet.

The datasheet of a transistor is a hardware document that states its manufacturer’s name, schematic diagram, packaging information, mechanical data, and important electronic and thermal characteristics such as voltages, currents, gain, operating temperatures, power dissipation, and many more. Despite transistor differences, a datasheet is a correct tool for selecting a transistor.

MARKET ANALYSIS

Power transistors: present and future developments

Popular types of a transistor in market

TIP31: TIP31 is an acronym for different transistors of Texas Instruments Power. It is a series of Silicon NPN BJT types of a transistor manufactured by Texas Instruments, an American company where the first IC was invented. Usually, TIP is an acronym only for BJTs out of the company’s all semiconductor products. The nomenclature of TIP31 transistors starts with A, B, C, D,…like TIP31A, TIP31B, and so on. They are placed in order of their increasing breakdown voltage ratings. All TIP31 transistors are packaged in TO-220 package with 2.54 mm pin spacing and provide a power of 40W at room temperature. TIP31 series offer a collector-base voltage of 40 V, a collector-emitter voltage of 40 V, and a collector current of 3A.

TIP122: TIP122 is an NPN Darlington transistor to enhance the current gain of a system. A Darlington transistor is a pair of two NPN transistors in a single packaging of TO-220. TIP122 provides a current gain of 1000 and can be used as a switch in motor drivers, chargers, power supplies, etc. The transistor provides a base current of 120 mA and a collector current peak at 8 A. TIP122 offers a collector-base voltage of 100 V, a collector-emitter voltage of 100 V, an emitter-base voltage of 5 V, and total power dissipation of 65 W at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

PN2222: PN2222 is a series of general-purpose NPN Silicon Transistors packaged in TO-92 plastic or epoxy packaging to obtain a compact size and reduce costs. The nomenclature of the series starts with PN222XYWW where x is either 2 or A, and Y is the year. The PN2222 series provides a continuous collector current of 600 mAdc to support medium-power electronics such as IR LEDs, small motors, etc. PN2222 offers a collector-base voltage of 60 V, a collector-emitter voltage of 30 V, an emitter-base voltage of 5 V, and total device dissipation of 625 mW at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

BC556: BC556 is a series of Silicon PNP Amplifier Transistors including BC556B, BC557A, BC557B, BC557C, and BC558B by manufacturers ON Semiconductor. Furthermore, BC559 and BC560 are low-noise transistors. The BC556 transistor series provides a continuous collector current of -100 mAdc and a peak collector current of 200 mAdc. The transistor offers a collector-to-base voltage starting from -80 Vdc, a collector-to-emitter voltage starting from -65 Vdc, an emitter-to-base voltage of about -5 Vdc, and total device dissipation of 625 mW at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

sponsoredChoosing a Suitable AC Source or DC Supply

Top Considerations For Modern AC and DC Power Supplies

MJE340: MJE340 is a Silicon NPN power transistor manufactured by STMicroelectronics. The transistor is used for linear switching medium power industrial equipment. MJE350 is complementary to MJE340 and is a Silicon PNP power transistor. Both the transistors are packaged in SOT-32 with a heatsink. MJE340 offers a collector current of 0.5A, a collector-emitter voltage of 300 V, an emitter-base voltage of 3 V, and total power dissipation of 20.8 W at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

MPSA42: MPSA42 is a Silicon NPN high voltage transistor manufactured by ON Semiconductor. The transistor is sold in two configurations- straight lead and bent lead packaged in TO-92 (TO-226AA) CASE 29-11. The transistor provides a collector-base voltage of 300 Vdc, a collector-emitter voltage of 300 Vdc, an emitter-base voltage of 6 Vdc, and a continuous collector current of 500 mAdc. MPSA42 is capable of operation at low temperatures such as -55 degree Celsius and DC current gain between 25-40 depending upon collector current values for a constant collector-emitter voltage. The transistor offers a total device dissipation of 1.5 W at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

TIP42: TIP42 is a series of Silicon PNP Power Transistors providing a gain of 75 and operates in a temperature range from -60 to +150 degree Celsius. The series is manufactured by Central Semiconductor Corp. and is used for power amplification and high-power switching purposes. The transistor is packaged in a TO-220 case and offers a continuous base current of 3A and a continuous collector current of 6A. TIP42 provides a collector-base voltage of 40 V, a collector-emitter voltage of 40 V, an emitter-base voltage of 5 V, and power dissipation of 2 W at a room temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

TIP142: TIP142 is usually a Darlington transistor or its complement depending upon the manufacturer. Different transistors are used but the most used TIP142 transistor by Central Semiconductor Corp. is a Silicon Darlington complementary transistor. The Darlington complementary transistor pair known as the Sziklai pair, contains an NPN and PNP BJT. TIP142 provides a high continuous collector current of 10A, a peak collector current of 20A and a small base current of 0.5A. TIP142 offers a collector-base voltage of 100 V, a collector-emitter voltage of 100 V, an emitter-base voltage of 5 V, and a power dissipation of 125 W. The transistor is used in low-speed switching applications to provide high gain at the output.

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