Nerium oleander (oleander)
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Nerium oleander L.
- Preferred Common Name
- oleander
- Other Scientific Names
- Nerion oleandrum St.-Lag.
- Nerium carneum Dum.Cours.
- Nerium flavescens Spin
- Nerium floridum Salisb.
- Nerium grandiflorum Desf.
- Nerium indica
- Nerium indicum Mill.
- Nerium japonicum Gentil
- Nerium kotschyi Boiss.
- Nerium latifolium Mill.
- Nerium lauriforme Lam.
- Nerium mascatense A.DC.
- Nerium odoratissimum Wender.
- Nerium odoratum Lam.
- Nerium odorum Aiton
- Nerium splendens Paxton
- Nerium thyrsiflorum Paxton
- Nerium verecundum Salisb.
- Oleander indica (Mill.) Medik.
- Oleander vulgaris Medik.
- International Common Names
- Englishcommon oleanderFrench willowpride of Ceylonrose laurelrosebaysouth sea rosesweet oleanderTurner’s carnival oleanderTurner’s shari-d oleanderTurner’s tickled pink oleander
- Spanishbalandrelaurel en florlaurel rosaneriumpascua
- Frenchlaurier roseoleandre
- Arabichaban
- Portuguesesevadilha
- GermanEchter OleanderLorbeerrosen
- Local Common Names
- American Samoaoliana
- Brazilespirradeiraoleandro
- Chinajia zhu tao
- Cook Islandstālonatāronatiare tālona
- Cubaadelfaadelfa sangre de toroadelfa varaderorosa francesa
- Dominican Republicflor del Perúmartinicaperulírosa del Perú
- Ecuadorlaurellaurel de jardín
- Fijirusivasa
- French Polynesiataronatarona uouo
- GermanyDuftender Oleander
- Guamrosa laurel
- Haitilaurierlaurier blanclaurier des jardineslaurier roselaurier tropical
- Italyoleandriooleandro
- Japankyōchiku-tō
- Kiribatite oriante orion
- Marshall Islandsoliaantaolianta
- Mexicoflor de rosanarcisorosa clavel
- Micronesiawiliancher
- Netherlands Antillesfranse bloem
- New Zealandoliana
- Niuetalona
- Pakistanganirakunair
- Pitcairn Islandholiandah
- Portugaladelphoaloendrocevadillaeloendro
- Puerto Ricoalelíalelí extranjerobastardalaurel rosadoloendreiraloendroloueiro-rosaneriooloendrosavadillasevadilhasevadilla
- South Africaselonsroos
- Spainabelfaaberfeadelfesaderfaaelfabaladrabaladrebaladroberfabivadelfadivaedelfalaurel rosallorer realllorer reialllorer rosanarcisorosa de berberiarosalaurelroser reialsanervaladreveratreyerba mala
- Tongalolie
- Turkeyzekkum a
- USA‘oleana‘oliana‘oliwarose-bay
- EPPO code
- NEROD (Nerium odorum)
- EPPO code
- NEROL (Nerium oleander)
Pictures
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
Host | Host status | References |
---|---|---|
Triticum aestivum (wheat) | Unknown | Ihsan et al. (2011) |
List of Symptoms/Signs
Symptom or sign | Life stages | Sign or diagnosis |
---|---|---|
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Arrhythmia, irregular heart rate, pulse | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Atrial fibrillation | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Bradycardia, slow heart beat or pulse | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/First degree atrioventricular heart block | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Heart murmur | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Second degree atrioventricular heart block | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Sinus arrest | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Sinus arrhythmia | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Sinus tachycardia | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Tachycardia, rapid pulse, high heart rate | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Third degree, complete, atrioventricular heart block | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Ventricular fibrillation, flutter | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Ventricular premature beat, multifocal or unifocal | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Ventricular tachycardia, multifocal or unifocal | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Cardiovascular Signs/Weak pulse, small pulse | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Abdominal distention | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Anorexia, loss or decreased appetite, not nursing, off feed | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Anorexia, loss or decreased appetite, not nursing, off feed | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Bloat in ruminants, tympany | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Bloody stools, faeces, haematochezia | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Decreased amount of stools, absent faeces, constipation | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Diarrhoea | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Diarrhoea | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Excessive salivation, frothing at the mouth, ptyalism | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Excessive salivation, frothing at the mouth, ptyalism | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Grinding teeth, bruxism, odontoprisis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Mucous, mucoid stools, faeces | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Rumen hypomotility or atony, decreased rate, motility, strength | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Vomiting or regurgitation, emesis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Digestive Signs/Vomiting or regurgitation, emesis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Ataxia, incoordination, staggering, falling | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Cyanosis, blue skin or membranes | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Dehydration | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Dysmetria, hypermetria, hypometria | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Generalized weakness, paresis, paralysis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Generalized weakness, paresis, paralysis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Inability to stand, downer, prostration | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Sudden death, found dead | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Sudden death, found dead | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Sweating excessively, hyperhidrosis | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/General Signs/Trembling, shivering, fasciculations, chilling | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Coma, stupor | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Constant or increased vocalization | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Dullness, depression, lethargy, depressed, lethargic, listless | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Dullness, depression, lethargy, depressed, lethargic, listless | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Excitement, delirium, mania | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Hyperesthesia, irritable, hyperactive | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Seizures or syncope, convulsions, fits, collapse | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Tetany | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Nervous Signs/Tremor | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Ophthalmology Signs/Lacrimation, tearing, serous ocular discharge, watery eyes | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Ophthalmology Signs/Mydriasis, dilated pupil | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Pain/Discomfort Signs/Colic, abdominal pain | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Reproductive Signs/Agalactia, decreased, absent milk production | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Respiratory Signs/Dyspnea, difficult, open mouth breathing, grunt, gasping | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Respiratory Signs/Ingesta in nasal passage | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Skin/Integumentary Signs/Cold skin, cool ears, extremities | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Urinary Signs/Increased frequency of urination, pollakiuria | Sign | |
Terrestrial animals/Urinary Signs/Polyuria, increased urine output | Sign |
Prevention and Control
Eradication
The South African government recommends the removal and destruction of N. oleander plants, including prohibiting its trade (Invasive Species South Africa, 2020). In California where this species has naturalized and is sold as an ornamental, the recommendation is that it be considered for removal from the trade following talks with the horticulture industry and also monitored for further spread into wildlands (Brusati et al., 2014).
Physical/Mechanical Control
Nerium oleander can be physically controlled by cutting the stumps (Brisbane City Council, 2020).
Chemical Control
Due to the variable regulations around (de-)registration of pesticides, we are for the moment not including any specific chemical control recommendations. For further information, we recommend you visit the following resources:
•
EU pesticides database (http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/)
•
PAN pesticide database (www.pesticideinfo.org)
•
Your national pesticide guide
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 4 October 2022
Language
English
Authors
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