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Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Mutual Authentication using a Single Basis

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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new theoretical scheme for quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) with user authentication. Different from the previous QSDC protocols, the present protocol uses only one orthogonal basis of single-qubit states to encode the secret message. Moreover, this is a one-time and one-way communication protocol, which uses qubits prepared in a randomly chosen arbitrary basis, to transmit the secret message. We discuss the security of the proposed protocol against some common attacks and show that no eavesdropper can get any information from the quantum and classical channels. We have also studied the performance of this protocol under realistic device noise. We have executed the protocol in IBMQ Armonk device and proposed a repetition code based protection scheme that requires minimal overhead.

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Code Availability

The code used for the generation of the results is available in https://github.com/RitajitMajumdar/QSDC-with-mutual-authentication-using-a-single-basishttps://github.com/RitajitMajumdar/QSDC-with-mutual-authentication-using-a-single-basis

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the IBM Quantum services for this work. The views expressed are those of the authors, and do not reflect the official policy or position of IBM or the IBM Quantum team. In this paper we have used the ibmq_armonk, which is one of IBM Quantum Canary r1.2 Processors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Statistics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India

    Nayana Das

  2. Cryptology and Security Research Unit, R. C. Bose Centre for Cryptology and Security, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India

    Goutam Paul

  3. Advanced Computing & Microelectronics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India

    Ritajit Majumdar

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  1. Nayana Das
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  2. Goutam Paul
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  3. Ritajit Majumdar
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Contributions

Conceptually, all authors contributed equally in technical discussion and solution formulation. Specific contributions are as follows. The first author took the lead role in writing the manuscript. The initial idea was generated by the second author. The third author wrote all the programs and produced the experimental results.

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Correspondence to Goutam Paul.

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Das, N., Paul, G. & Majumdar, R. Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Mutual Authentication using a Single Basis. Int J Theor Phys 60, 4044–4065 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-021-04952-4

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