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INDEX Publisher / Yay›nc›: TurkofAmerica, Inc. General Manager / Genel Müdür: Ömer Günefl – omer@turkofamerica.com Editor-in-Chief / Genel Yay›n Yönetmeni: Cemil Ozyurt – cemil@turkofamerica.com Creative Director / Kreatif Direktör: Serdar fiahin Page Design / Sayfa Tasar›m: Sinem Ertafl Editor: Patricia Russo, Nancy Öztürk. Editor of Photography / Foto¤raf Editörü: Ada Köseda¤ News Center / Haber Merkezi: Ayfle Önal Zambo¤lu, Müge Mengü, Ali Ç›nar, Hande Sarantopoulos, Ilknur Gurdal Fieldhouse, Jennifer Eaton Gökmen, Melda Akasel, Elif Özmenek, Ayhan Kay. Support Team / Katk›da Bulunanlar: Halim Özyurt, Katarzyna Golczyk, Demet Cabbar. Advising Committee / Yay›n Dan›flma Kurulu: Ali Günertem, Egemen Ba¤›fl, Ferhan Geylan, Güney Adak, G. Lincoln McCurdy, Mahmut Topal, Mehmet Ali Özkan, Mehmet Çelebi. Main Office / Merkez Ofis Turk of America, Inc. 730 Fifth Avenue, The Crown Building Suite 916 New York, NY 10019 Tel: +1 (212) 659 7758 Fax: +1 (212) 659 7805 info@turkofamerica.com Representatives in the U.S.A / ABD Temsilcileri: California (Los Angeles): Barbaros Tapan btapan@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (213) 924 8027 Connecticut: Ali Ç›nar – acinar@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (203) 722 4339 Massachusetts: Mustafa Aykaç – maykac@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (857) 205 8318 Rochester, NY: Ersoy Y›ld›z – eyildiz@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (585) 266 1356 San Fransisco, CA: Ayfle Önal Zambo¤lu – aozamboglu@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (650) 938 1764 Texas: Neriman Yüce – nyuce@turkofamerica.com Tel: +1 (817) 283 0179 Netherlands: Yasin Ya¤c› – yyagci@turkofamerica.com Tel: +31 (624) 66 92 23 Australia: Süheyl Yekenkurul – syekenkurul@turkofamerica.com TURKEY / TÜRK‹YE General Coordinator / Genel Koordinatör: Nuri Özyurt – nozyurt@turkofamerica.com Marketing & Sales Director / Pazarlama ve Sat›fl Direktörü: Ayla Toker – turkiye@turkofamerica.com Abonelik ve Da¤›t›m için / Subscription and Distribution: Nispetiye Caddesi Peker Sokak Aky›ld›z Apt. No:26/5 1.Levent Istanbul, Tel:+ 90 212 282 37 11 BASKI VE GRAF‹K: Promat Bas›m Yay›n San. ve Tic. A.fi. Adile Naflit Bulvar› 122. Sokak No:8 34513 Esenyurt - ‹stanbul Telefon: + 90 (212) 456 63 63-pbx Fax: + 90 (212) 456 63 73 E-Mail: info@promat.com.tr
18 EURO TURKS
A large number of the Turkish entrepreneurs in the EU (68 percent) live in Germany. France and Holland follow close behind. In the 10-year period between 1996 and 2006, the investment volume of Turkish entrepreneurs increased from 5.6 billion Euro to 10.9 billion Euro.
EURO TÜRKLER
AB´deki Türk giriflimcilerin büyük bölümü (% 68) Almanya´da yafl›yor. Bunun ard›ndan Fransa ve Hollanda geliyor. 1996´dan 2006´ya kadar geçen 10 y›ll›k dönemde, Türk iflletmelerinin yat›r›m hacimleri 5,6 milyar Euro´dan 10,9 milyar Euro´ya yükseldi.
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24 THE BROTHERS THAT BROUGHT DÖNER TO EUROPE Among the more than 200 döner producers operating in Germany, there is one brand that everyone accepts as a leader in the market: Karmez. The Tütüncübafl› siblings started their business lives by selling meat to Turkish markets in 1982.
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AVRUPA’YA DÖNER‹ TANITAN KARDEfiLER Almanya’da faaliyet gösteren 200’ün üzerinde döner imalatç›s› aras›nda, hemen hemen herkesin liderli¤ini kabul etti¤i ön plana ç›kan bir marka var: Karmez. Tütüncübafl› kardefller, 20 y›lda tüm Avrupa’y› saran haz›r döner imalat›n›n öncüleri.
30 TURKISH BRANDS BORN OF GERMAN GIANTS
The population of nearly 3 million Turks that live in Germany has raised the interest of German firms that are interested in the possibilities of the ethnically-based market.
ALMAN DEVLERINDEN DO¤AN TÜRK MARKALAR
Almanya yaflayan 3 milyona yak›n Türk, etnik pazara yönelmek isteyen dev Alman flirketlerin de ifltah›n› kabartt›.
38 A 41-YEAR BUSINESS LIFE, FULL OF GRIT AND TENACITY
One of the first Turkish entrepreneurs to enter the German trade world is Hilmi Selçuk. Although his business life has been full of ups and downs, he has been at the forefront of many innovations.
AZIMLE, ‹NATLA 41 Y›LD›R ‹fl HAYAT›NDA
Almanya’da ticaret hayat›na at›lan en eski Türk giriflimcilerden biri Hilmi Selçuk. ‹fl hayat› inifl ve ç›k›fllarla dolu. Pek çok ilkte imzas› var.
50 GERMANY'S EURASIAN DÖNER-MAKER
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Turk of America is a member of Independent Press Association. Turk of America, Independent Press Association üyesidir.
ALMANYA’NIN AVRASYALI DÖNERC‹S‹
Alt›nsoy, döner üretiminin yüzde 95’ini Almanya d›fl›na ihraç ediyor. Günde alt› de¤iflik türde 10 tonluk döner imal eden Alt›nsoy, “Yemeyece¤imiz mal› pazara sunmay›z” diyor.
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58 TIP-TOP KNOWS HOW TO SHINE A CAR
Today Y›ld›z still owns “Tip-Top Auto Aufbereitung” in Nuess, a city located near Cologne. His company does the maintenance and cleaning on cars about to enter the market. He employs nearly 190 workers.
TIP-TOP ARABAYI PARLATIYOR Turabi Y›ld›z, merkezi Köln yak›nlar›ndaki Nuess flehrinde olan “Tip-Top Auto Aufbereitung” flirketinde, halen 190’a yak›n çal›flan› ile sat›fl için piyasas›na girmeye haz›rlanan arabalar›n bak›m ve temizli¤ini yap›yor.
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84 THE GRAND MASTER OF GASTRONOMY Müslüm Balaban is one Turkish restauranteur in Germany who will be remembered for a long time to come. Having lived in Germany for 40 years, Balaban opened his first restaurant in 1979.
GASTRONOMININ DUAYENI
Müslüm Balaban, Almanya’da bir gün Türk restoran iflletmecili¤inin tarihi yaz›ld›¤›nda, isminin alt› kal›n kalemle çizilmesi gereken iflletmecilerden. 40 y›ld›r Almanya’da yaflayan Balaban, ilk restoran›n› 1979 y›l›nda açt›.
All articles in the magazine are translated by Citlembik Ltd. / TurkofAmerica’daki tüm yaz›lar›n çevirisi Çitlembik Ltd. taraf›ndan yap›lm›flt›r. Çitlembik Ltd. Tel: +90 (212) 292 3032 www.citlembik.com.tr Cover Photo:............
Alt›nsoy exports 95 per cent of his döner production. With a daily production of six different types of 10 tons of döner, the producer claims that “we shouldn't sell what we ourselves wouldn't eat.”
86 HEAVY SNORERS ARE IN HIS HANDS
Dr. Fahri Y›ld›z has been the head of the ENT department at the Pan Clinic in Cologne since 1999, while from 1991 until 1997 he was the chairman of the Turkish-German Doctors' Association.
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HORLAYANLAR ONA EMANET 1999 y›l›ndan beri Köln’deki Pan Klinik’te KBB bölümü baflkanl›¤›n› yürüten Dr. Fahri Y›ld›z, 1991-1997 y›llar› aras›nda Türk Alman Tabipler Birli¤i baflkanl›¤›n› yapt›.
FROM EDITOR Cemil Özyurt cemil@turkofamerica.com
BEING AN ENTREPRENEUR ‹fiADAMI VE YÖNET‹C‹ AND A MANAGER! OLMAK ‹Ç‹N! I
h ave always been curious about the tricks that managers of successful comp an ies have up t h eir sleeves. And I am interested in the ways that the CEOs of the Fortune 500 comp or ations carry out their daily lives.
ve a clear conscie nce if my mother was to read about this in tom o rrow's newsp apers?” Having grown up in, and absorbed the discipline of, the Midwest, he sees happiness in humility and being able to control his ego.
H arold Schultz, the CEO of S t a rbucks, the world's largest c o ff ee chain, says that every m o rning he personally answers the emails he rec e ives. And he t oo personally signs with his own hand all the art i cles put out by the company, no matter how much time it takes him to do so.
Abbe Raven, the CEO of A&E T ee l ev is ion, an ent e rt ai nment channel that reaches more than 92 million homes in the USA, commutes daily to his Manhattan office by train. During the trip he listens to his fellow commuters— now compartment friends-- about their various reactions to television programs. He also doesn't simply observe young people, he also tries out the devices they are using. To pers onally test the iPod craze he watches A&E's programs on his own iPod.
Danny Meyer, the chai rman of the board of the Union Square Hospitality Group, a corporat ion that owns eleven of New York's most pop ular rest a urants, says that every month he personally meets face to face and one-on-one with new personnel at the eleven rest a urants. He uses much of this time to stress the importance of hospitality. Currently the Union Squar e Hospitality Group employs more than one thousand people.. The owner of Mittal, the world's steel producing giant, Lakshmi M i ttal says he can't understand why it is that top level exec ut ives he met on a trip to the USA spend their weekends on the golf course. He criticizes these people for spending five days working and their weekends playing golf. Mittal, who has never played golf, prefers to spend his Saturdays by w a lking through the factory and speaking with his managers. When Kerry Kill i nger, the CEO of Washington Mutual, one of the Amer ica's leading banks, has to make a work decis ion that has ethnical undert ones he always asks himself, “Would I ha-
Pan era Bread is a company that oper ates more than 391 cafes in 38 states and that will soon be oper ating almost 700 franchises. Ron Shaich, Panera Bread's CEO, tries to find out why cust omers are so loyal to the brand by speaking each morning to a customer waiting in line at a randomly sel e cted Panera shop. In short...it doesn't matter whether you are managing a restaurant or a hedge fund, a television station or a steel factory. You will never be able to make that certain difference in the world of business if you are not ready to answer your own emails, talk to new staff about the principles that back your name, be willing to work on Saturdays, hold true to the culture from which you sprung, and listen to the people around you and your customer about new trends. After all, it is those who create a difference who are sitting at the peak of the world's giant corporations. How about you?? œ
B
afl ar ›l› bir flirket yön et ic is inin yön etim s›rl ar ›n› merak ederim hep. Fort une 500 l i st es i nde yer alan CEO ’ l ar›n ifl yerl er i nd eki günlük al›flk a nl › kl ar ›na da ilgi duy ar›m.
sorusunu kendisine sor uyor. Büyüd ü¤ü Midwest’te ald›¤› terb iye ile alçakgönüllü olmak ve egos unu kontrol edeb i lm eyi mutl ul u¤unun bir parç as› olarak gör üyor.
D ü ny an›n en büyük kahv e z i nc iri Starbucks’›n CEO ’ s u H oward Schultz kend is ine yaz ›lan e-mai ll eri her sabah bizzat kendisinin cev a pl ad›¤›n› söylüyor. Ve mutlaka uzun z aman alsa da Starbucks’tan ç ›kan yaz ›l ar› bizzat kend i e l i yle imz al ›yor.
ABD’de 92 mily o ndan fazla eve ulaflan e¤l e nce kan al › A&E tel ev i zyonunun CEO ’ s u A bbe Raven, Manhatt a n ’ d ak i ofis ine her gün trenle gel iyor ve komp a r tm a nda edind i¤i yol a rk ad a fll ar ›n›n tel ev i zy o n programlar› hakk›ndaki gör ü fll er ini dinl iyor. Gençl er i gözlemliyor. Onl ar› izl em e kle kalm›yor, kulland›klar› cizahlar› den iyor. iPod ç›lg›nl›¤ ›n › b i zzat test etmek içind e , A&E’de oynayan progr a ml ar› trende iPod’tan seyr ed iyor.
New York’un en gözde 11 rest or an ›na sahip Union Squar e H o sp it ality Group’un yön et i m kur ulu baflk an› Danny Meyer, ayda bir kez ifll e tt i kl eri rest oranl a rda bir önc eki hafta ifle a l ›nan çal›flanl a rla tek tek gör üfl üyor. Ve gör ü flmenin büyük k›sm ›n› mis af i rperv e rl i¤in ö n em ine ay›r ›yor. Unio n S q u are Hosp it ality Group halen 1000’den fazla çal ›flana s ahip. D ü ny an›n demir çelik dev i M i ttal’in sah ibi Lakshmi Mittal, bir gez isi s›r as › nd a ABD’de tan › flt ›¤› flirk e tl er i n üst düzey yön et ic il er inin hafta sonu golf oyn am al ar›na bir anlam ver em edi¤ ini söyl üy o r . Y ön et ic il erin befl gün, hafta s onu golf oyn amak için çal › flm al ar ›n› eleflt ir iyor. Hay at › nda hiç golf oyn am ayan Mittal, C um a rt esi günl eri de fabr ika d ol a flm ay› ve yön et ic il er i yl e kon u flm ay› tercih ediyor. ABD’nin önde gelen bankal ar › ndan Wash i n gton Mut ua l ’ › n C EO’su Kerry Killinger, ifliyl e ilg ili etik kon ularda karar ver i rken, “Yapt ›¤ ›m› yar›n annem gaz et ede okud u¤ u nd a v i cd an›m rahat olacak m›?”
Panera Bread, 38 eyal e tte 391 üzerinde kaf esi, 700’e yak › nda franch ise olarak ifll eten bir flirket. Pan era Bread CEO ’ s u Ron Shaich, rastgele seçt i¤ i bir Pan era dükkan›nda sabah kahv a lt ›s› için s›r ada bekl ey e n bir müflt er isi ile kon uflup neden Pan era’ya bu kadar ba¤l› old u kl ar ›n› çözmeye çal ›fl ›yor. K›sac as› ister rest oran ifll et i n , ister hedge fon... Tel ev i zyon yönetin ya da demir çelik fabrik as›. Size yaz ›lan e-mai ll er e bizzat cevap verm eden, yen i ifle ald›¤ ›n›z elem an› karfl ›n ›z a al›p prens i pler in izi anl a tm adan, Cum a rt esi günü bile çal›flm ay› göze alm adan, geld i¤ iniz kült ürün bir parç as› old u¤unuzu unutm adan, ger e kt i¤inde trendeki yol ark adafll ar›n ›z› veya sizden al›flv erifl yapan bir müflt er il er in izi dinl emeden, ifl düny as › nda farkl ›l›k y ar at am ›y o rs unuz. Farkl ›l › k yaratanlar da zaten dünya devi flirk e tl erin tep es i nde otur uyor. Ya siz!œ Turk of America • 00
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EXPERIENCE OF EURO-TURKS
rof. Dr. Faruk fien, director of the Turkey Res earch Center Association (TAM), recently published a book presenting the stat i stics he had compiled while doing research on Turks living in the European Union. He also chronicles his own experiences, as a Turk who has spent many years in Germany. The book, “EuroTurks: the Presence of Turks in Europe and their Future”, was published by the Turkish publishing house Günizi Yay›nc›l›k. TURK OF AM ER ICA has comp iled some of the mor e striking data that come straight from Prof. fien's book on the exper ie nce of these “EuroTurks”.
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THE TURKISH POPULATION COMPRISES THE 19TH EU COUNTRY T h ere are 5.2 mill ion Turks living in the 27 countries of the E ur opean Union. Approxim ately 1 mill ion of this body of peo ple consists of a min ority pop ulat ion of Turkish descent liv i n g in Bulg ar ia and Rom an ia. The rem a ining populat ion is mostly a result of imm i grat ion to EU countries from the 1960s on. This 5.2 million pop ulat io n numbers close to the population of Denmark and is almost twice the pop ul at ion of the Baltic states. European Turks are basically the 28th country of the European Union. Based on pop ul at ion, they would even be the 19th country in the union. Forty-two percent of the Turkish immigrants living in EU countries are citizens of that country. Forty-two percent is equivalent to 1,777,000 people. This is equal to the populations of Greek Cyprus, Malta, and Luxembourg comb in e d . Of that number, 625,000 are dual citizens. ECONOMIC POWER After realizing that worker companies were unsuccessful, from 1986 on many Euro18 • TurkofAmerica
EURO-TURKS The Turkish entrepreneurs of Germany averaged 112,500 Euro of investment per head and in total reached an investment volume of 7.7 billion Euro.
lad›¤› „Euro-Türkler: Avr upa´da Türk Varl ›¤› ve Gel ec e¤i“ adl› kit ab› Gün izi Yay › nc ›l›k tar af › ndan ç›k ar › ld›. Prof. fien’in kalem i nden Avr up a ’ d aki Türkler ile ilg ili çarp ›c› bilg il eri TURK OF AM ER IC A d e rl edi. TÜRK NÜFUSU AB’N‹N 19. ÜLKES‹ A vr upa Birl i¤i’nin 27 ülkes i nde 5.2 milyon Türk yafl ›yor. Bu kitlenin takr iben 1 milyonluk k›sm ›n›, AB’ye üye olan, B u lg ar i stan’da ve Rom a ny a ’ d a y afl ayan Türk kök e nli az›nl › klar oluflt ur u rken, di¤er k›sm ›n› ise 1961’den sonra bug ü nk ü AB üyesi ülk elerine giden göçmenler oluflt ur uyor. 5.2 milyonluk nüfus Dan im a rka nüf us una yak›n. Balt › k C u mh ur iy e tl eri’nin toplam say ›s ›n›n ner ed e yse iki kat›. Avr up al› Türkler, Avr upa Birl i¤i’nin 28. üye ülk esi kon um u nda. Nüfus büy ü kl ü¤ü s›r as ›na bak › ld ›¤ › nda AB’dek i Türk nüf usu, birl i¤in 19. ülk esi kon um una karfl ›l›k gel iy o r . AB ülk eler i nde yafl ayan Türk iye kök e nli göçm enin % 42,1’i y afl ad ›¤› ülk enin vat a nd afl› . Say ›l ar› 1 milyon 777 bin kifliye t ek abül eden AB vat a nd afl › T ü r kl erin nüf usu, Güney K›br›s, Malta ve Lüks e mburg´un n üf u sl ar› topl am ›na eflit. 1 m i lyon 777 bin kifl ilik nüf us u n 625 bin kiflilik dil im ini ise çifte vat a nd a fllar teflkil ediyor.
EURO-TÜRKLER Almanya´daki Türk giriflimcileri, 2006 y›l›nda iflletme bafl›na ortalama 112.500 Euro´luk yat›r›m miktar›na ve toplamda 7,7 milyar Euro yat›r›m hacmine eriflti. Turks and business owners began to implement their dreams. In many European cities, when the words “Turkish entrepreneurs” are uttered many names come to mind, including Vural Öger, Ali Akkanat, Ahmet Ay-
ürk iye Araflt › rmalar Merkezi Vakf› Dir e kt örü Prof. Dr. Faruk fien´in Avr upa Birl i¤ i nde yafl ayan Türkl ere iliflk i n s ay ›sal ver iler ve yaz ar›n Alm a nya’da uzun y›llar bir i kt i rd i¤i tecr üb eler ›fl›¤ › nda haz › r-
T
EKONOM‹K GÜÇ ‹ flçi flirk e tl erinin bafl ar ›s›z old u¤ unu fark e tt i kten sonr a 1986 y›l › ndan itibaren Eur o T ü r kler ev ve ifl yeri sah ibi olma ist e kl erini gerç e kl e fltirmeye b a fll ad ›lar. Avr upa’n›n bir çok k e nt i nde Türk gir iflimci dend i¤ i nde akla gelen pek çok bafl ar ›l› isim gelm e kte. Vural Öger, Ali Akk anat, Ahmet Ayd › n , Hulisi Bayam, Ahmet ve Dicl e F ›rat, Ayd›n Yard › mc›, Hilmi S e lçuk, Gülcan Ayv al›k, Mehmet Çoban, Kadir U¤ur, Müslüm Bal aban ve Bekir Akm a n a l a nl ar › nda bafl ar ›l ar › yla ken-
d›n, Hulisi Bayam, Ahmet and Dicle F›rat, Ayd›n Yard › mc › , Hilmi Selçuk, Gülcan Ayval›k, Mehmet Çoban, Kadir U¤ur, Müslüm Bal aban and Bek i r Akman, all bus inesspeople well-known and respected in their fields. The number of Turkish entrepreneurs in Germany numbered nearly 70,000 at the end of 2006. With the added countries of Bulgaria and Romania, where there are many Turkish peo ple doing business, that number increases to 107,000. 68,300 ENTREPENEURS IN GERMANY In the 1990s among the Turkish population in Germany, a growing number of people opted to form their own companies. Entrepreneurs of Turkish descent, as the largest ethnic group of entrepreneurs in the country, have served the function as one of the largest powerhouses of business owners. The number of Turks working free l a nce from Nov e mber to December of 2006 rea ched 68,300. The increase from the year before, when there were 64,600, was 5.7 percent. One out of every ten Turkish families receives their main source of income from freelance work. A TURNOVER OF 31.6 BILLION EURO T h ere seems to be no nei g hb o rh ood in the cit ies of mod e r n - d a y Germany where there is no Turk inv o lved in at least one s e ctor, incl uding gast r on o m y , t r ade, crafts m a n ship, or a servic e - r el ated bus iness. The aver ag e y early turn over of 68,300 Turkish business owners working in G e rmany is 31.6 bill ion Euro. A l a rge number of the bus inesses that aver age a yearly turn over of 462,000 Euro consist of familyo wned and -run bus in e sses. The T u rkish ent r e pr en eurs of Germany averaged 112,500 Euro of i nv e s tment per head and in tot a l r ea ched an inv e s tment vol ume of 7.7 bill ion Euro.
TURKISH ENTREPRENEURS IN THE EU A large number of the Turkish entrepreneurs in the EU (68 percent) live in Germany. France and Holland follow close behind. In the 10-year period between 1996 and 2006, the investment vol ume of Turk i s h e nt r e pren eurs inc r e ased from 5.6 billion Euro to 10.9 billion Euro. The turnover of 21.8 billion Euro in 1996 has increased as of 2006 to 43.9 billion Euro. Alongside this increase in size and profit, there has also been an increase in employment. In 1996 there were 232,000 employed whereas today the amount is 474,000. When the Turkish populat io n of Bulg ar ia and Rom an ia (who b ec ame EU members in early 2007) is taken into cons id er at ion, 23,500 Turkish bus in e s s o wners can be added to that list. In this way, the number of
d il er i nden söz ett iren ifl adaml ar › . Türk gir ifl i mc il er inin say ›l ar› 2006 y›l› son u nda Alm a ny a ’ d a 70 bin’e yaklaflt›. Bulgar i stan’›n ve Rom a nya’n›n tam üye olmas› ve bu ülk el e rde ifl yapan Türk ins a nl ar›n›n da ilave edilmes i yle birl i kte Türk g ir iflimc il erinin toplam say ›s › 107 bin s›n ›r ›n› afl›yor. ALMANYA’DA 68.300 G‹R‹fi‹MC‹ A lm a ny a ´ d aki Türk kök e nl i nüfus aras › nda 1990´l› y›ll a rd a kendi ifll e tm el erini kurma yön ü nde bir din amik gel i flt i . Türk kök e nli gir ifl i mciler, ülkede yafl ayan en büyük etnik g ir ifl i mci grubu olarak, Alm a ny a ´ d aki etnik ekon om in i n d in amosu ifll ev ini gör üy o rlar. S e rbest çal ›flan Türkl erin say ›s› 2006 y›l ›n›n Kas › m - A r al › k ayl ar › nda 68.300´e ulaflt›. Bir önc eki y›l 64.600 olan say ›d a-
ki büy üme oran› % 5,7´ye tekabül ediyor. Her 10 Türk ailes i nden biri, geç imini serb e s t çal › flma yol u yla sa¤l ›y o r . 31,6 M‹LYAR EURO C‹RO B ugün Alm a nya´n›n büy ü k kentler i nde tic aret, gast r on omi, zan aa tk a rl›k veya hizm e t sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir Türk’ün mal ve hizmet sat›fl› yapm ad ›¤› bir semt hem e n hemen yok gibi. Alm a ny a ´ d a f aa l iyet göst eren 68.300 Türk g ir iflimc inin toplam y›ll›k cirol ar› 31,6 Milyar Euro´yu bul uyor. Ort al ama y›ll›k cir ol ar › 462.000 Euro olan ifll e tmelerin büyük böl üm ünü aile ifll e tmeleri teflkil ediyor. Alm a ny a ´ d aki Türk gir ifl i mc il er i , 2006 y›l›nda ifll e tme bafl ›na o rt al ama 112.500 Eur o ´ l u k yat ›r›m mikt ar ›na ve topl a md a 7,7 milyar Euro yat ›r›m hacmine eriflt i . HER SEKTÖRDELER Türk kök e nli gir ifl i mc il er i n gerç e kl i¤i ile kam uo y u ndaki imajlar› aras›nda büyük bir uçurum göze çarp ›yor. Kam uo y u nca döner büfesi sah ibi veya manav olarak alg ›l an a n Türk girifl i mc ilerin son y›ll a rdaki din amik gel iflimi bu alg ›l am an›n tam tersi. Küçük büf eler rest au r a n tl ara, dön e rc iler b üyük imal a th an el ere, uçak b il eti sat ›c›l ar› hizmet içer i¤i genifl sey ahat acent el erine dönüfltü. TAM tar af›ndan düz e nl enen ank e tten elde edilen ver ilere göre, Alm a ny a ´ d aki Türk kökenli giriflimc il erin yafl ort al amas› 37,8. Yakl afl›k % 43,5´i Alman vat a nd a fll ›¤ ›na sahip. Ort al ama oturum sür esi 23,6 y›l. Ço¤ u nl u¤u erk e kl e rd e n olufl uyor. Bunun yan › nda, kad›n girifl i mci say ›s› art ›yor. Kad›n girifl i mci oran› mevcut durumda % 24,2. Gir ifl i mcilerin % 75´i bir meslek dipl om as ›na s ahip.
Prof. Faruk fien.
AB’DE TÜRK G‹R‹fi‹MC‹LER A B ´ d eki Türk gir ifl i mc il er i n TurkofAmerica • 19
EXPERIENCE OF EURO-TURKS
T u rkish ent r e pr en eurs has rea ched 124,500 in the EU at large. THE PUSH FOR REAL ESTATE While the debate over whether foreigners should be able to buy houses in Turkey or not is ongoing, more than 260,000 Turks in the EU already own a house, story, or property. In other words, more than 25 p e rcent of the property used by E uro-Turk bus iness owners belongs to them and a large number are fixing up these buildings and renting them out. At the beg i nning of 2006 the number of b us iness owners that owned their property in Eur ope had surp a ssed 255,000. At the beginning of 2007 this number began to push 280,000. The largest imp r ovement in property ownership has been witnessed in Germany. Of the Turks living in Germ a n y , 203,000 were property own e r s as of the end of 2006. The net real estate wealth of Turkish hou s eholds is about 9.7 bill ion Euro. In the EU, the net real estate w ealth of Turks is 12.2 bill ion E uro. In Germany the hou s ehold gross real estate wealth is 3.9 bill ion Euro and the net real estate wealth is 2.9 trill ion Euro. LOBBYING ACTIVITIES AND SCHOLARLY COOPERATION Today in Germany alone there are more than 2,300 act ive m o sq ue ass oc ia t ions and the associations formed by EuroTurks living in EU-member states number more than 4,000. In line with Turkey's desire, there is no strong European Turkish lobby similar to the Armenian or Jewish lobbies in Europe. One reason for this is that there is no strong willingness on the part of Turks living there and because they are not members of a powerful country. In terms of politics, European Turks are quite sophisticated. In Germany in particular, there are numerous politi-
20 • TurkofAmerica
cians of Turkish descent in political parties. According to official figures, Turkey sends 130,000 students to 70 countries for purposes of study. Unofficial figures suggest a number closer to 200,000. From Thailand to Geo rg ia, Singapore to South Afr ica, it is possible to run into Turkish students at the far corners of the earth. Even in remote areas of the US, it is possible to find Turkish students studying at universities, as there are nearly 40,000 Turkish students studying there. In Germany on the other hand, 95 percent of the Turkish students studying higher education (or 36,000) are children of imm i grants. IN CONCLUSION Within the framework of marriage and population inc r e ases in the E ur opean Union, the Turkish population there inc r e ases yearly by 150-180,000. At the same time deaths are also increasing. The population of Euro-Turks in 2023, if there are no large-scale changes, will be a bit more than the population of Greece and will reach the 10 mill ion mark. In a Eur ope where an est im ated 10 mill ion Euro-Turks will liv e , will Turkey itself be a part of the EU starting 1 Jan uary 2014? A l th ough I was init ially quit e o pt im i stic about such a dev el o pment, I no longer ret ain hop e reg a rding this iss ue and inst ead wish to proc eed as though it is not an event u ality. Eur op e ' s cons e rv at ive nat ure, its own internal div is ions and anti-Islam att it ude, and its dwindling resou rces will event ually make it seem less att r a ct ive to Turkey. The EU will und ou btedly find a r e ason not to take Turkey and for this reason Turkey-EU relat ions will always be dir e cted by the Euro-Turks. Perhaps Turkey will find all eg ia nce with the new econ omic powerhouses of China and India and will use its strategic loc at ion on the border of the EU to full adv a nt ag e .œ
büyük bölümü (% 68) Almanya´da yafl›yor. Bunun ard›ndan F r a nsa ve Holl a nda geliyor. 1996´dan 2006´ya kadar geçen 10 y›ll›k dönemde, Türk iflletmelerinin yat›r›m hacimleri 5,6 milyar Euro´dan 10,9 milyar Euro´ya yükseldi. 1996´da elde edilen 21,8 milyar Euro’luk ciro, 2006 itibariyle 43,9 milyar Euro´ya ulaflt›. Büyümeye paralel olarak, istihdam edilen personel say›lar›nda da yükselme o ldu. 1996´da 232.000 olan çal›flan say›s›, bugün 474.000 seviyesinde. 2007 bafl › nda AB´ye kat›lan Bulgaristan ve Romanya´daki Türk nüfus da göz önüne al›nd›¤›nda, ilgili say›lara 23.500 Türk kökenli giriflimci daha ekleniyor. Bu flekilde AB genelinde Türk kökenli giriflimci say›lar› 124.500´e ulaflm›fl oluyor. GAYRIMENKULE HÜCUM “Türk iye’de yab a nc ›lar ev als › nlar m›, almas › nlar m›?” tart›flm as› yap ›l › rken, sad ece AB s›n › rl ar› içer is i nde 260 binin ü z er i nde Türk’ün kendi bafl ›na bir ev, kat veya toprak sah ibi. Yani Euro-Türk hanelerinin y ü zde 25’ten fazl as› art›k kendi kon ut u nda otur uyor ve büyük bir ço¤ u nl u¤u da ald›kl ar › e ski bin al ar› tamir ederek bunl ara kir ac› bul uyor. 2006 y›l› b afl › nda Avr upa’da konut sah ibi olan Türk han el er inin say ›s› 255 bin s›n ›r ›n› geç e rk e n , 2007 y›l› bafl › nda bu say› 280 bin s›n ›r ›n› zorl uyor. Konut sah i pl i¤ i nde en büyük g el i flmeyi Alm a nya göst er iyor. A lm a nya’da yafl ayan Türkl erin 203 bini 2006 y›l› son una k adar konut sah ibi oldu. Türk h an eler i nde toplam net eml a k s e rv eti 9,7 milyar Euro civ ar › nda. Türkl erin AB gen el i nd eki net emlak serv eti ise 12,2 m i lyar Euro. Alm a ny a ’ d ak i h an elerin toplam brüt eml a k s e rv eti 3,9 trilyon Euro ve net emlak serv eti ise 2,9 trilyon Euro.
LOB‹ B ugün yaln›z Alm a ny a ’ d a 2300’ün üzer i nde cami dern e¤ i f aa l iy e tte bul un u rken, tüm AB ü y esi ülk el e rde yafl ayan Eur o T ü r kler’in oluflt u rd u kl ar› dernek say ›s› 4 bini geç iyor. Avr up al› Türkler pol itik alanda h a yli ilerl emifl dur u mda. Alm a nya baflta olmak üzere pek çok siyasi part ide Türk kök e nli göçm e nl erin aktif siyasi yafl ama kat ›l ›yor. R e smi rakamlar Türk iye´nin d ü ny ad aki 70 ülk eye 130 bin d ol ay › nda ö¤r e nci gönd e rd i¤ ini göst er iyor. Alm a nya’da ise %95’i göçmen kök e nli ins a nl ar›n çoc u kl ar› olmak üzere 36 bin Türk genci yüksek ö¤r enim gör üyor. SONUÇ AB’de evl ilik ve nüfus art ›fl› ç e rç ev es i nde Türk nüf usu her y›l 150-180 bin aras › nda art ›yor. Ayn› zam a nda ölümler de ç o¤ al ›yor. Avr up a ’ d aki Eur o T ü r kler’in nüf usu, büyük ve o l a¤ an ü stü de¤ ifl i mler olmazsa, 2023 y›l › nda Yun an i st a n n üf us unu biraz geç erek 10 m i lyon s›n ›r ›na var acak. 10 milyon Euro-Türk’ün yaflayaca¤› Avrupa, 1 Ocak 2014 y ›l › ndan itib aren Türk iye’yi AB’nin bir parças› halinde gör ecek mi? ‹lk bafll a rda çok olumlu olarak yaklaflt›¤›m bu geliflmenin pek ortaya ç›kmayaca¤›ndan hareket edebiliriz. Avrupa’n›n tutucu yap›s›, kendi içindeki çeliflkileri, ‹slam düflmanl›¤› ve kaynaklar›n yavafl yavafl tüketilmifl olmas› Avrupa’y› Türkiye için cazibe merkezi olmaktan ç›karacakt›r. AB’de Türkiye’yi almama konusunda yeni bir gerekçe bulacakt›r. Bu nedenle Türkiye’nin AB ile olan iliflkisini her zaman E ur o - T ü r kler yönl e nd ir ec e kt i r ve Türkiye’de belki Çin, Hindistan gibi yeni bir güçlü dev olarak Avrupa Birli¤i s›n›r›nda varl›¤›n› baflar›yla sürdüren ve AB’ne kafa tutabilen bir ülke konumuna gelecektir.œ
KARMEZ
THE BROTHERS THAT BROUGHT DONER TO EUROPE
The Tütüncübafl› siblings had become the major producers of prepared döner in Europe within 20 years.
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rankfurt – Among the more than 200 döner producers operating in Germany, there is one brand that everyone accepts as a leader in the market: Karmez. The Tütüncübafl› siblings: Müfit, Must afa, Özer, Önder, Ömer, Enfil, Muzaffer and fiima started their business lives by selling meat to Turkish markets in 1982. Within 20 years, they had become the major producers of prepared döner in Europe.
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Their story resembles that of many immigrant families. Coming from Eskiflehir, the family patriarch initially went to Germany to work as a laborer in 1970, and was soon followed by his son Özer and then his wife in 1974.
O nl ar›n hik ay esi de gurb et e u z anan di¤er ail el er i nk in e b e nzer. Esk ifl eh i rli ail en i n 1970’te Alm a nya’ya iflçi olarak çal › flm aya giden Hikm e t T üt ü nc üb afl›, sonra yan ›n a o ¤lu Özer’i ard › ndan da 1974’te eflini ald›.
The Tütüncübafl› siblings first began producing döner upon the request of a vendor near their mea t - m aking firm. On their first day they made 5 kilos worth of döner and that same day the vendor asked three times for more döner. In subsequent days the firm began to sell 80 kilos of döner per day.
T üt ü nc üb afl› kard e fller, et s a tt ›fl› yapt › kl ar› flirket merk ez ine yak›n bir büf enin ist e¤i üzer ine, gön ü lsüz de ols a ilk döner imal at ›na bafll ad › . ‹lk gün 5 kil oluk bir dön e r y a pt ›lar. Büfe ayn› gün üç kez d öner sip ar ifli verdi. Dah a s o nra günl e rde 80 kil ol u k d öner satm aya bafll ad›.
The opening in the market did not esc ape the attent ion of the Tütünc üb afl› siblings and they quickly began to take adv a nt age of the opp o rt unity. Germany's first prep ared dön e r brand Karmez was put on the market. The name “Karmez” c omes from the comb in at ion of
P iy as ad aki aç›k Tüt ü nc üb afl › k a rd e fll erin dikk at i nden kaçm ad› ve bu a盤› de¤ e rl e nd i rmek üzere yola koy u ld ul a r . A lm a ny a ’ d aki ilk haz›r dön e r i m al at› Karmez mark as › yl a p iy as aya sun u ldu. Karmez ismi de “Kard e fller Mezb ah as›”n›n k›s a lt › lm ›fl› olarak sic i-
r a n kfurt - Alm a nya’da faa l iyet göst eren 200’ün ü z er i nde döner imal a tç ›s › a r as › nda, hemen hemen herk esin lid e rl i¤ ini kabul ett i¤ i ön plana ç›kan bir marka var: K a rmez. 1982 y›l › nda Türk b a kk al ar ›na et sat arak tic ar i h ay ata at›lan Müfit, Must afa, Özer, Önder, Ömer, Enf i l , M uz a ffer ve fiima Tüt ü nc üb afl› kard e fller, 20 y›lda tüm A vr upa’y› saran haz›r dön e r i m al at ›n›n önc ül eri.
Özer Tütüncübafl›, Karmez Döner Özer Tütüncübafl›, Karmez Yönetim Kurulu Baflkan›, Chairman of Board, at Frankfurt’taki tesislerinde. headquarter of Karmez Döner.
AVRUPA’YA DÖNER‹ TANITAN KARDEfiLER 24 • TurkofAmerica
1982 y›l›nda Türk bakkalar›na et satarak ticari hayata at›lan Tütüncübafl› kardefller, 20 y›lda tüm Avrupa’y› saran haz›r döner imalat›n›n öncüleri.
“Kardefller Mezb ah as›” (Siblings' Slaughterh o use”) and e nt ered the registry as such. After the unt imely death of Müfit Tütünc üb afl›, the six brothers and one sister cont inued their partn e r ship and are currently the leaders of the döner market. In 1996 Karmez moved to a more modern production facility and from 1998 on started exporting döner to other European countries. In addition to döner production, Karmez also began experimenting with new technologies. They created the first döner slicing machine geared towards meeting the needs of the sector.
In 1996 Karmez was producing seven tons worth of meat while today they are producing 40 tons. Their Frankfurt facility employs 208 workers. More than 500 people also work at firms tied to the Karmez line.
le geçti. Kard e fll e rden Müf i t T üt ü nc üb afl›’n›n vef at ›n›n ard › ndan alt› erkek, bir k›z kardefl birl i kt el i¤ ini bozm ad a n s ü rd ü rd ü¤ü Karmez, bug ü n d öner paz ar ›n›n lid eri kon um u nda.
At Karmez Döner each sibling is involved in an area of the business. As for Özer Tütüncübafl›, he serves as the leader of the firm. He underscores the fact, though, that they make decisions cooperatively.
1996 y›l › nda modern üret i m y apan tes i sl er ine tafl ›nan Karmez, 1998’den itib aren Avr upa’n›n di¤er ülk el er ine de döner ihr ac ›na bafll ad›. Dön e r i m al at › yla birl i kte Karm e z , t e kn ol oj iyi de sekt öre tan › tt › . ‹lk yaprak döner kesme mak in es ini döner sekt ör üne yön elik uyarl ad›.
FROZEN DÖNER Having bought a 40-acre plot and built a facility on it, Karmez is in the process of entering into the new area of frozen dö-
1996’da yedi ton günlük üretim yapan Karmez, flu an
g ü nde 40 tonluk üretim yap ›yor. Frankf u r t ’ t aki tes i sl e rd e 208 kifli çal ›fl ›yor. Karm e z ’ e b a ¤l› flirk e tl e rde 500’ün üzer i nde kifli ist i hdam edil iyor. K a rmez Döner’de her kard e fl k e ndi alan › nda bir ifl kol u ndan sor u mlu olarak çal ›fl ›y o r . Özer Tüt ü nc üb afl› ise flirk et i n l id eri olarak görev yap ›y o r . fi i rk e tte ifll eri ortak kon ufl u p d an ›fl ›l arak al›nd ›¤ ›na vurg u y ap ›yor. DONDURULMUfi DÖNER 40 dön üme yak›n bir ars a a l arak üzer ine yeni bir tes i s i nfl aa eden Karmez, 2008 son u nda bit ecek fabr ik ada dön ere imal at ›na yeni bir ivm e k az a nd ›r acak dond ur u lm u fl
In 1996 Karmez was producing 1996’da yedi ton günlük üretim seven tons worth of meat while yapan Karmez, flu an günde 40 today they are producing 40 tons. tonluk üretim yap›yor .
TurkofAmerica • 25
KARMEZ
MCDONALD’S MOST FAMOUS HAMBURGER, THE BIG MAC, HAS A CALORIC AMOUNT OF 540, WHILE AN ORDER OF LARGE FRIES CONTAINS 570 CALORIES.
made döner and other readymade food. McDonald’s most famous hamburger, the Big Mac, has a caloric amount of 540, while an order of large fries contains 570 calories. With döner, the caloric count is 350400 cal or ies. Mor e over, the trimmings of tomatoes, onion, and other leafy vegetables put döner ahead of the others in terms of nutritious eating.
ner prod u ct ion. This fac il i t y gives them the opp o rt unity to p r ep are their new product at the site and then pack age it with a sauce into a small box so that it is ready to cook at home. Rather than only hav e the choice of eating döner in a rest a urant or from a vend o r , peo ple can know have the option of making it at home. Tütünc üb afl› is amb it i ous enou g h to state, “The world is in this box. The effort to int r od uc e the world to Turkish cui s ine starts with this box.” The first stage in the const r u ct ion of a factory to be built with 20-25 m i ll ion Euro was only fin al ized this yea r .
A cc o rding to Tüt ü nc üb afl› , the only thing for döner to fear is d öner itself. In other words, o ther prod ucers who perh a p s don't have the same car ef u l s t a ndards for their prod u ct ion or vendors or rest a urants that are being run so comp et it iv e l y as to greatly push down prices. In Germany döner is sold for 2.5-3 Euro. In reg ions wher e comp et it ion is fie rce, such as B e rlin, it can be found for 1 E uro in some places. Tüt ü nc üb afl› states that döner shou l d a ct ually be sold for 4.5-5 Euro. A McDonald’s Big Mac m enu in Germany is sold for a b out 7 Euro. Rea d y - m ade d öner's kilo price is sold to the c o ns umer for about 4-7 Euro.
A s ide from the lead e r ship status of the Tüt ü nc üb afl› sibl i n g s in döner prod u ct ion, they hav e not forgotten the meat industry that they started in. They are still the second largest prod ucers of meat in Frankfurt. In this area the largest fac ility in Eur ope is owned by Ege Türk. Currently Karmez sells dön e r to more than 4000 cust om e r s in the Eur op ean market. They have act ive branches in Belgium, Italy, France, Sweden, and Spain. DÖNER PRICES ARE LOW Tütüncübafl› has discussed before the nutritional value of döner and it is possible to bear that out upon comparing the calorie amount between ready-
26 • TurkofAmerica
Karmez funded their döner and m eat industry act iv it ies in Germany with the support of the inv e s tment they made in a dön e r b r ead factory in Izmir six years ago. This factory, the second largest for flou r - b ased products, puts out two cont a iners of wrap b r ead daily, and three containers worth of döner bread. Eight siblings started Karm e z and now the second gen er at ion has joined their staff. Five of the siblings' offspring now work at the company. Tüt ü nc üb afl› states that döner has the ability to sell in which ev e r m a rket it enters. “It's the n u mber one fast food and a trend that cont in ues to grow. The world is awaiting dön e r ” he says. œ
d öner üret im ine gir iyor. Tes i sl e rde tadma imk an› da buld u¤ umuz dond ur u lmufl pak e t h al i nd eki dön e rler, sosu ile b i rl i kte küçük bir kut uda sat ›fla sun ul acak. Döner yem e k için rest oran ya da büfe aramak yer ine, Karmez’in yen i p r oj esi ile döner her eve gir ecek. Tüt ü nc üb afl›, “Dünya bu k ut unun içinde. Türk dam a k z e vk ini düny aya tan › tmak bu p r oj e yle hayat bulur” diy ec e k k adar idd i al›. Toplam 20-25 m i lyon euro aras› yat ›r›m yap ›l acak tes i sl erin ilk etab› bu y›l bit ir i ldi. D öner imal at › nd aki pazar lid e rl i¤ inin yan› s›ra et iflini de b ›r a km›fl de¤il Tüt ü nc üb afl › k a rd e fller. Halen Frankfurt’un ikinci büyük et üret ic isi. Bu alanda Avr upa’n›n en b üyük tes isi Ege Türk’e ait. K a rmez’in bugün Avr upa piy as as › nda 4000’ün üzer i nd e d öner verd i¤i müflt er isi var. B e lç ika, ‹talya, Fransa, ‹sv e ç , ‹ sp a nya gibi ülk el e rde flub es i f aa lyet göst er iyor. DÖNER F‹YATI UCUZ T üt ü nc üb afl›’n›n dön erin sa¤l › kl› besl e nm ed eki kal it esi ilg ili söyl ed i kl er ini haz›r yiy ecek ve döner aras › nda kal or i k ›y a sl am as › nda da do¤r ul amak mümkün. McDonald’s’›n sat ›fla sund u¤u bir Big Mac hamb u rg e rde kal or i m i kt ar› 540, büyük pat at e s k ›z a r tm as › nda 570 iken, dön e rde bu miktar 350-400 kal ori civ ar › nda. Ayr ›ca garn ütür olarak dön e rle birl i kt e v er ilen dom ates, so¤an gib i y eflil malz eme sa¤l › kl› besl e nm ede, dön eri di¤er haz›r yiy ecek ürünl ere k›y a sla avant a jl› k›l ›yor. T üt ü nc üb afl›’na göre dön er i n r ak ibi yine kend isi. Yani üret im i nde hassas olm ayan ifll e tm eler ve rek ab eti fiyat düfl ür erek yür üten büfe ve rest o-
r a nlar. Alm a nya’da dön e r 2,5-3 euro aras › nda sat ›l ›y o r . R ek ab etin yo¤un old u¤u Berlin gibi fleh i rl e rde ise dön er i a yr an › yla birl i kte 1 eur o ’ y a d ahi satan ifll e tm el ere rastl amak mümkün. Tüt ü nc üb afl › , d ön erin gerçek fiy at ›n›n 4,55 euro olm as› ger e kt i¤ in i s ö yl üyor. McDonald’s Alm a nya’da bir Big Mac men üyü yakl afl›k 7 euro’ya sat ›l ›yor. Haz›r dön erin kilo fiy at › ise 4-7 euro aras › nda de¤ ifl e n f iy a tl a rdan müflt er iye sat ›l ›yor. K a rmez Alm a ny a ’ d aki dön e r ve et end ü st r is i nd eki faa l iy e tl er ini alt› y›l önce ‹zm i r ’ d e a çt ›¤› dürüm ve döner ekm e¤i fabr ik as› yat ›r ›m› ile dest e kl edi. ‹zmir’de ikinci büy ü k u nlu mam ü ller fabr ik as› olan i fll e tm eden, günlük iki kont e yner dürüm, üç kont e yn e r da döner ekm e¤i ihraç edilyor. S ekiz kard e flle yola ç›k a n K a rmez’de flimdi ikinci kufl a k iflin içinde. Kardefl çoc u kl ar › ndan ikinci nes i lden befl kifli flirk e tte çal ›fl ›yor. Tüt ü nc üb afl›, dön erin her gird i¤i paz a rda kend ini kabul ett ir ec e k bir ürün old u¤ unu söyl üy o r . “Bir num ar al› haz›r yiy ec e k . Y ü ks elen bir trend. Dön er i d ü nya bekl iyor” diy o r .œ
MCDONALD’S’IN SATIfiLA SUNDU⁄U B‹R BIG MAC HAMBURGERDE KALOR‹ M‹KTARI 540, BÜYÜK PATATES KIZARTMASINDA 570 ‹KEN, DÖNERDE BU M‹KTAR 350 400 KALOR‹ C‹VARINDA.
ECONOMY Yunus Ulusoy ulusoy@zft-online.de
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TURKS TO THE EU ECONOMY 80.7 BILLION EURO
TÜRKLER‹N AB EKONOM‹S‹NE KATKISI: 80.7 M‹LYAR EURO
f the 4.1 mill ion peo ple of T u rkish descent living in EU cou nt r ies, the working populat ion is 1,372,000. As in G e rmany and other EU cou nt r ies, the working pop ul ation of Turks within the Turkish pop ul at ion is lower than the working p op ul ation of the nat ive res idents. The 1,372,000 Turks that make up 0.69 percent of the working p op ul ation of Eur op ean Unio n c ou nt r ies in 2006 contrib ut e d n early 80.7 bill ion Euro worth of contrib ut ions to the EU. Of these cont r ib ut ions, 66.2 p e rcent, or 53.4 bill ion Euro, is p r ov ided by Turks living in G e rmany. Rel ated to this, the T u rkey Res earch Center Ass oc ia t ion (TAM) first res ea r ch e d this iss ue with a report from 1998 finding that Turks cont r ib uted 55.1 bill ion Euro to the EU economy. The cont r ib ut ions of Turkey to the GDP of the fou nding 15 m e mbers of the EU exc eeds the a m ount of 8 of the new members of the 25-member EU comb ined, namely Est on ia, Greek Cyprus, Lith ua n ia, Latv ia, Lux e mb ourg, Malta, Slov en ia, and S l ov ak ia. In 2006 Turks working in the c ou nt r ies of the orig inal 15m e mber EU held a share of the U n ion's GDP that numb er e d 0.75 percent, while Eur op ean Turks act ually number 1 percent of the EU pop ul at io n . When the 25-member EU is cons id ered, both of these dat a are lower. The point that must be exam ined at this junct ure can be found in the diff er e nce betw ee n econ omic cont r ib ut ions and s h are of pop ul at ion. The fact that unempl o yment among Turks is twice that of the host c ountry shows that the econ o-
vr upa’da yafl ayan 4,1 milyon Türk iye kök e nli Türk aras › nda çal ›flan nüfus yaklafl›k 1 milyon 372 bin düz ey i nde. Alm a nya’da oldu¤u gibi di¤er AB ülkel er i nde de çal ›flan Türkler’in tüm Türk nüf usu içind eki oran›, o ü lk el e rde çal ›flan nüfus oran ›n›n alt›nda. A vr upa Birl i¤i ülk el er i nd e t o plam çal ›fl a nl ar›n yüzd e 0,69’unu oluflt uran 1.372 milyon çal ›flan Türk, AB’nin car i f iy a tlarla Gayri Safi Yurt iç i H as ›l as ›na (GSY‹H) 2006 y›l › nda yakl afl› k 80,7 milyar Euro’luk bir katk› sa¤l ad›. Bu katk ›n›n yüzde 66,2’s›n›, 53,4 milyar Euro ile Almanya’da yafl ayan Türkler sa¤l›yor. Türk iye Araflt › rm al a r M e rk ezi Vakf›‘n›n kon uy a i l i flkin ilk araflt › rm ay› gerç e kl e flt i rd i¤i 1998 y›l › nda AB e k on omisine sa¤lanan katk› 55,1 milyar Euro düz eyindeydi. E ski 15 üyeli AB ülkel er i nde y afl ayan Türkl erin AB GSY‹H’ye yapt ›¤› katk›, AB25 üyesi sekiz ülk enin (Est o nya, K›br›s Rum Kes imi, Let o nya, Litv a nya, Lüks e mb u r g , M a lta, Slov e nya ve Slov a ky a ) G S Y ‹ H ’ s ›n› afl›yor. E ski 15 AB ülk es i nde çal ›flan Türk nüf usu, 2006 y›l › nd a B i rl i¤in GSY‹H’s›ndan yüzde 0,75 oran › nda pay ald›. Avr up al› Türkl erin nüfust aki oranl ar› ise yüzde 1 civar›nda seyr e tm e kte. Her iki veri, 25 üyeli AB dikkate al›nd ›¤›nda hal i yle daha düflük ç›km a kt ad›r. Bur ada dikkate al›nm as› ger eken nokta, ekonomik katk› ve nüfus pay› aras › nd aki farkta y a tm a ktad›r. ‹fls i zli¤in, yafl ad›kl ar› ülk el e rdeki ort al am an›n yakl afl› k iki kat › ndan fazl a o lm as› Türkl erin ekon om i k katk ›s ›n›n nüfus pay ›na göre
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28 • TurkofAmerica
mic contrib ut ion by this pop ul at ion is lower than would be e xp e cted based on the pop ul at ion numbers. In order for the inc ome level of the Turkish pop ul at ion to reach the aver age of the EU cou nt r ies, schooling and t e c hn ical training need to be improved. AN INCOME OF 19,700 EURO B ec a use the soc ial welf are serv ices of cou nt r ies where Turks h ave largely settled, such as G e rmany, Holland, France, and Austria are so strong, the per c ap ita GDP contrib ut ion is higher than in the poorer cou nt r ie s of the EU. When the 25 EUm e mber cou nt r ies are comp ar e d with one another, the per cap it a GDP cont r ibut ions of EU Turks leave 12 member stat e s (Czech Rep u blic, Eston ia, Greece, Cyprus, Lith ua n ia, Latv ia , H u ngary, Malta, Poland, Slov en ia, and Slov ak ia) behind. When per capita GDP fig ures are comp ared, the average wage of 19,700 Euro for a working Turk in the EU is 71 percent of the 27,600 Euro fig ure for the a v er age worker in the 15-member EU. The macr oe c onomic contrib ut ion of Turks to the EU e c onomy is not calc ul ated based on Turkish ent r e pr en eurs but r a ther on Turks empl oyed by o thers bec a use Turks do not c o mp r ise a det a ched, aut on om ous, and ther ef ore closed economy from the EU economy, but rather tend to work for native empl oyers and tend to cons ume these empl oy ees' goo d s and services. Turks are not only p r od ucers but also consumers and thus their buying pow e r p r op o rt i onally rel ates to the int e rnal demand of the EU. Current econ omic int e gr at ion renders Turks ind i spensable to the E ur op ean econ om ies. œ
A
daha düflük ç›kmas ›n›n ana g er e kç es ini oluflt u rm a kt ad › r . Türk topl um unun gelir düz ey inin AB ort al am as ›na yakl afl ab i lmes› için, okul ve mesl e k e ¤ itim düz ey inin daha da yüks e lm esi ger e kmekt edir. 19,700 EURO GEL‹R‹ T ü r kl erin yo¤un olarak yafl ad ›¤› Alm a nya, Holl a nd a , F r a nsa ve Avust u rya gibi ülkel erin refah sev iy es inin yüksekl i¤ i nden dol ay›, kifli bafl ›n a d üflen GSY‹H payl ar› da AB’nin fakir ülkel er ine göre d aha yüksek bir rak ama ulaflm›fl durumda. 25 AB üyesi k a rfl ›l a flt ›r › ld ›¤ › nda AB’li T ü r kler kifli bafl ›na düfl e n GSY‹H’da 12 üye ülkeyi (Çek C u mh uriy eti, Estonya, Yunan i stan, K›br›s, Letonya, Litv a nya, Mac ar i stan, Malt a , P ol o nya, Portekiz, Slovenya ve Slov a kya) ger ide b›r ak ›yor. K ifli bafl ›na düflen GSY‹H rak a ml ar› karfl ›l a flt ›r › ld ›¤ › nd a , y › ll›k 19.700 Euro ile Türk çal›flanl ar› AB-15 üye gen elinin (27.600 Euro) yüzde 71’ine ulaflm›fl durumda. Türklerin AB ülkel er i ndeki makr oe k on omik katk›s› Türk gir ifl i mcil eri baz › nda de¤il, çal ›fl a n Türk nüf usu itibariyle hesapl a nm a ktad›r. Çünkü Türkler, AB ekonom is i nden kopmufl, otonom ve dol ay ›s › yla kap al› bir ekonomi oluflt u rm am a kta, a ks ine çal ›flan Türkl erin ezici ç o¤ u nl u¤u, yafl ad › kl ar› ülk e i fll e tm eler i nde çal›fl›p, yine bu i fll e tm elerin ürünl er ini tüketm e kt edir. Türkl erin yaln › z ü r et ici güç olarak de¤il, ayn› z am a nda tük et ici olarak varl › kl ar›, AB’deki iç tal ebe sat›n a lma gücl eri oran›nda yans ›m a kt ad›r. Mevcut ekonomik bütünl e flme Türkl eri Avr up a e k on omil eri için vazg eç i lmez k › lm a kt ad›r. œ
TURKISH BRANDS WITH GERMAN GIANTS
ALMAN DEVLER‹NDEN TURKISH BRANDS BORN DO⁄AN TÜRK MARKALAR OF GERMAN GIANTS The Our Bank project only came about as a result of the efforts of one Ergün Ak›nc›, a long-time employee of Deutsche Bank.
Bankam›z projesi uzun y›llar Deutsche Bank’da çal›flan Ergün Ak›nc›’n›n çabalar› ile hayat buldu.
he popul at ion of nearly 3 million Turks that live in Germany has raised the int erest of German firms that are int er e sted in the poss ib il ities of the ethn ically-based market. E-Plus, an imp o rt a n t company in the German mobile comm un ic at ions mark e t , is currently off ering Turks economic rates for both domestic calls within Germ a n y and int e rnat i onal calls with Turkey under the banner of its project Ay Y›ld›z (Crescent and Star). Deu t sche Bank's “Bankam›z”, or “Our Bank” project is breaking new ground in terms of prov id i n g
lmanya yaflayan 3 milyona yak›n Türk, etnik pazara yönelmek isteyen dev Alman flirketl erin de ifltah ›n› kabartt›. Alman mobil iletiflim pazar›n›n önde gelen flirketlerinden E-Plus, Ay Y›ld›z projesi ile Almanya’daki Türklere ülke içinde ve Türkiye aramalar›nda uygun fiyatlar sunuyor. Deutsche Bank, “Bankam›z” proj esi ile Türkçe hizmet ver erek bankac›l›k alan › nda yeni bir kap› aral ›yor.
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30 • TurkofAmerica
banking serv ices in Turkish. T U RK OF AM ER ICA exam ined closer the int e r - c u lt ur a l marketing projects of the German giant compan ies such as Crescent and Star and Our Bank, both headed up by Turkish man agers. Turkish Banking with Our Bank Founded in 1870 in Berlin and boasting assets of 1.1 trillion Euro, Deu t sche Bank ret ai n s its status as a leader in Germany and Eur ope and employs 73,000 peo ple working in 75 diff erent cou ntries. The econ omic turn over of the
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A lman devl er inin, Türk yön et ic ilere emanet etti¤i Ay Y›ld›z ve Bankam›z projelerini TURKOF AM ER ICA Alm a ny a ’ d a i nc el edi.
Bankam›z ile Türkçe Bankac›l›k 1870 y›l›nda Berlin’de kurulan ve 2006 sonu itibariyle 1.1 trilyon euro aktifiyle halen Almanya ve Avr upa’n›n lider bankas› pozisyonundaki Deutsche Bank, dünyan›n 75 ülkesinde 73 bini aflk›n çal›flan› ile faaliyet gösteriyor. Almanya’daki Türk nüf us unün sahip oldu¤u ekonomik büyüklük, (Türk iflletmelerin toplam cirosu 55 milyar euro olarak tahmin ediliyor) Deutsche Bank’› da bugüne kadar uygulam ad ›¤› yeni proj eyi hayata geçirmesine vesile oldu. Banka „Bankam›z“ ad›yla kurdu¤u 60 kifl ilik bir Türk ekiple Türkçe olarak tüm bankac›l›k
Turkish pop ulat ion in Germany is thought to number 55 bill ion Euro. This situation has all owed a prev i ously unt enable project on the part of Deu t sche Bank to be rea l iz e d . The bank has recently formed a 60-person team under the h e ading of “ Bank am › z ” (“Our Bank”), to prov ide all banking serv ices in Turk i s h . Our Bank serv ices are currently operable in 30 branch e s and have gained 8,000 new customers in just 13 months. According to findings by the Assoc ia t ion of German Banks, in late 2004 there were 2,400 banks in oper at ion in Germany. The number of for ei g n banks prov iding serv ices numbered 671. There are currently nearly 80 branches of Turk i s h banks such as Akbank, Demir-Halk Bank, Denizbank, Garanti Bank, Iflbank, Vak › fbank, Yap› Kredi and Ziraat Banks. The Our Bank project only came about as a result of the efforts of one Ergün Ak›nc›, a long-time empl oy ee of Deu t sche Bank. Having pres e nted the idea to the banking management roughly three years ago, he man aged to convince them of the idea only after sev eral thor ough eval ua t io n s . Our Bank started its branch work in January and now provides all banking serv ices to people in Turkish, an innovation that takes into acc ount the econ omic power of Turks living in Germany. Deu t sche Bank is known around the world for its cons e rv at iv e struct ure, thus the int r od u ct ion of a program with a Turkish name and prov iding Turkish serv ices is seen as a small revol ut ion in and of itself. The pio n eer of this rev olut ion, Ergün Ak›nc›, answ ered TURKOF AM ERICA's que r ies. When was the Our Bank pro-
ject first dev eloped? We took the first steps abou t three years ago. The amaz i n g way in which Turkish staff members of Deu t sche Bank were able to attract new customers did not esc ape the attent ion of upper manag em e n t . T h ese empl oy ees' pract ic e s were watched for a long time and later this project cam e about. As a team, we are doing as much as we can to ensure success for this project. Didn't some look upon this project with susp ic ion since t h ere are alr eady so many Turkish banks working in Europe? No! Quite the oppos ite, the Deu t sche Bank org an iz at io n gave its full support and continues to do so to this day. How will you prov ide more a dv a nt ag e ous serv ices for customers than other Turk i s h banks working in Eur ope? Deu t sche Bank is Germ a n y ' s largest private bank. At the same time, it is a prest ig i ous and trustworthy bank. This service that we offer is not only for priv ately educ at e d , bilingual expert consultants. Every cust omer with an acc ount at our bank can send money to Turkey up to 5 times a year for free. We also hav e printed out brochures in both languages. Moreover, we offer 7,000 Deu t sche Bank ATM's with Turkish as a lang u ag e option on the menu and Turkish tel e phone serv ices. Another one of our serv ices consists of offering spec ial gifts that will attract potent ial clients to Deu t sche Bank. For example, we give away the jerseys of Turkey's four great t eams, namely Fen e rb a hç e , G al at as aray, Befl i ktafl and Trabzonspor. Can you talk about the tim e and effort you spent in con-
faaliyetlerini sunm aya bafllad›. 30 flube ile faaliyet göst eren Bankam›z, 13 ayda toplam 8000 yeni müflteri kazand›. Association of German Banks veril er ine göre 2004 sonunda Almanya genelinde 2400 banka faaliyet göst er iyordu. Faaliyet göst eren yabanc› banka flube say›s› ise 671. Almanya’da halen Akbank, Demir-Halk Bank, Den i zbank, Garanti Bank, ‹flbank, Vak›fbank, Yap› Kredi ve Ziraat bankal ar ›n›n 80’e yak›n flubesi faaliyet gösteriyor. Bankam›z proj esi uzun y›llar Deu t sche Bank’ta çal ›flan Ergün Ak›nc›’n›n çabal ar› ile hayat buldu. Yakl afl›k üç y›l önce proj ey i banka yönetimine sunan Ak›nc›, yap ›lan de¤erlendirmeler sonras› projeyi kabul ett i rmeyi baflard›. Ocak ay›nda da flube çal›flmalar ›na bafllayan Bankam›z, Türklerin artan ekonomik gücünü de dikkate alarak tüm bankac›l›k ifllemler ini kendi dill er i nde alabil ecekleri bir proje. Deutsche Bank g ibi muhafazakar yap›s› ile bil inen dünya devi bir bankan›n, Türkçe bir isimle banka kur u lmas› onay verm esi bafll› bafl›na bir devrim olarak da nit elendir iliyor. Bu devrimin öncüsü Ergün Ak›nc›, TURK OF AMER‹CA’n›n sorular ›n› cevapl ad›. Bankam›z projesi ilk ne zaman gelifltirildi? Yakl afl›k üç y›l önce ilk ad›mlar at›lm›fl oldu. Deutsche Bank’da çal›flan Türk elemanlar›n özelikle yeni müsteri kazan›m›nda serg iledikl eri üstün baflar› yetk il il erin dikkatini çekmes ine neden olmufltu. Uzun süre bu elemanlar›n çal›flmal ar› izlendi ve daha sonra böyle bir proje haz›rland›. Biz de ekip olarak bu çal›flman›n baflar ›l› olmas›n› sa¤lamak için elimizden gel eni yap›yoruz. Avrupa'da faaliyet gösteren pek çok Türk bankas› olmas›, bu projenin hayata geçirilmesine süpheyle bak›lmas›na neden olm ad› m›? Olmad›! Tam aksine proje De-
u t sche Bank bünyes i nde tam destek gördü ve bu hala böyle. Avrupa'da faaliyet gösteren Türk bankalar › ndan farkl› olarak müflter il ere sa¤l ay ac a¤ ›n › z avantajl ar ›n›z nelerdir? Deu t sche Bank, Almanya’n›n en büyük özel bankas›d›r. Ayn› zam a nda büyük itib ari olan ve güven veren bir bankad›r. Sundu¤umuz hizmet sadece özel e¤it i mli iki dilli dan›flman uzmanl ar›m›zla s›n › rl› de¤il. Bankam›z hesab›na sahip olan her müflt er imiz y›lda 5 kez Türk iye’ye ücretsiz para havales ini gerçeklefltir eb ilir. Biz ayn› zam a nda broflürl er im izi iki dilli ç›kartt›k. Ayr ›c a Türkçe menül ere sahip yaklafl›k 7.000 Deutsche Bank otomatl ar › ndan ücr e tsiz nakit para çekmek ve Türkçe telefon dan›flma hizmetini sunuyoruz. Di¤er bir hizmetimiz ise Deutsche Bank’a yeni müsteri kazand›ran müst er il er imize be¤enecekl eri özel hed iyeler, örne¤in Türkiye’deki dört büyüklerin, yani Fenerbahçe, G al at as aray, Befliktafl ve Trabz o n spor’un form alar ver iy oruz. Etnik bir kökene yönelik bankac›l›k yapma fikrini Deutsche Bank gibi dünyan›n en büyük bankalar›ndan birine kabul ettirmek için harcad›¤›n›z çaba ve süreçten bahsedebilir misiniz? Uzun zamand›r Deutsche Bank’ta çal›fl›yorum. Bu vesil e yle Türk müsterilerine hizmet konusunda çok tecrübeler edindim. Türk toplumu Almanya’da art›k bir güç. Hem say›sal, hem siyasal, hem de ekonomik olarak bu art›k böyle. Deutsche Bank’da bunu gördü ve bizim tercübelerimizden yararlanarak birlikte Bankam›z projesini hayata geçirdik. Türklere özel hitap etmek hem Deutsche Bank’in h e mde Türkl erin yarar ›na. Bir yanda Deutsche Bank, Türkler aras›ndaki itibar›n› artt›rm›fl oldu, di¤er yandan ise Almanya’n›n en büyük özel bankas› olarak Deutsche Bank kendi dillerinde, yan› Türkçe hizmet vermesiyle büyük bir jest yapm›fl oldu. Bu ayn› zamanda Almanya’daki uyum tarTurkofAmerica • 31
TURKISH BRANDS WITH GERMAN GIANTS
vincing a giant of the industry like Deu t sche Bank to und e rt ake banking based on ethnicity? I have been working at Deu t sche Bank for a long time. With this opp o rt unity I was able to gain a lot of exper ie nce into the aspect of serv ice to Turkish cust omers. The Turkish pop ulat ion is now a power in modern-day Germ a n y , in terms of numbers, pol itics, and econ omics. Deu t sc h e Bank saw this, and by taking adv a nt age of our exp er ie nc e s , we rea l ized the Our Bank project tog e ther. By cust omizing service to Turks, both Deu t sche Bank and the Turks come out on top. Not only is this project a hugely pos it ive gesture to the Turkish community, but it has also inc r e ased its prest ige with that same populat ion. This has also brought a diff erent persp e ct ive to the deb ate in Germany over integr at ion because a person's econ omic success enables a more gen eral fluid process of integr at io n . How many peo ple will Our Bank prov ide with empl o yment? There are alr eady many empl oy ees of Turkish desc e n t working at Deu t sche Bank. In Our Bank in the past two years, we hired more than 60 new expert cons u ltants in our 30 branch e s . Will this enc ou r age oth e r German banks to gain int erest in the ethnic mark e t ? It has already. Some other German banks have taken our method as an example and are i m pl em e nting sim ilar prog-
TURKS LIVING IN GERMANY FIRST MET THE CRESCENT AND STAR PROJECT IN OCTOBER 2005. 32 • TurkofAmerica
ALMANYA’DA YAfiAYAN TÜRKLER, AY YILDIZ PROJES‹YLE ‹LK KEZ 2005 YILININ EK‹M AYINDA TANIfiTI Türk topl um una de¤er verild i¤ inin bir göstergesidir. Bu aç›dan da Türk toplumunun Alm a nya’daki uyum una katk› sa¤layan bir gir iflimdir.
Selahattin Erturul (40) took over the position of the Managing Directors of Ay Y›ld›z International last August.
Selahattin Selahattin Erturul Erturul (40) (40) Ay Ay Y›ld›z Y›ld›z genel genel m müüddüürrllüü¤¤üünnee geçti¤imiz geçti¤imiz A¤ustos A¤ustos ay›nda ay›nda getirildi. getirildi.
rams. This of cou rse is adv a ntageous for Turkish consumers bec a use as comp et it io n i nc r e ases, so will the qual i t y of the serv ice off ered. In add it ion, staff of Turkish origin have been able to sol idify their pos it ion as part of a team at banks that may be worr ie d a b out losing talent to other banks. What will the Turkish pop ul at ion gain? A giant bank in Germany that offers “Turkish” serv ice is a big deal for Turks living ther e . This is a sign that Germany val ues the Turks living ther e . In this way it is an investment i nto the int e gr at ion proc e s s . C ould you ment ion the goals that you want to reach with Our Bank? The size of your assets, number of bank dep osits, and number of cust omers? We started this serv ice in 13 “ p ilot” branches in various r eg ions of German with 30 empl oy ees of Turkish desc e n t . We are currently have mor e than 60 people working with us on this in 30 diff er e n t branches. Mor e over, not only did we bring in 2000 new cus-
t›flmalar›na da farkl› bir aç› getirdi. Çünkü insan›n ekonomik baflar›s› genel uyumu da kolaylafltirir. Bankam›z kaç kifl inin istihdam›na imkan tan›yacak? Deu t sche Bank olarak çok say›da Türk kökenli elem a nlar mevcut. Bankam›z bölümünde son 2 y›l içinde Almanya’daki yakl afl›k 30 flubemize 60’›n üzerinde yeni uzman dan›flman ald›k. Di¤er Alman bankalar›n›nn da etnik pazara ilgi duym as ›n› sa¤lar m›? Bu sa¤land› bile. Çal›flm al ar›m›z baz› di¤er Alman bankal ar› taraf›ndan örnek al›n ›yor ve benz er i çal›flmalar› yap›lmaya baflland›. Bu tab iki yine Türk müflterinin leh ine. Çünkü rekabetin artmas›yla Türklere ver ilen hizmet kalit esi de önemli ölç üde artm›fl olacak. Ayr ›ca daha önce bankac›l›k alanda serbest çal›flan Türk kökenli elemanlar›n bir böl üm ü d i¤er bankalara kapt ›r › lm ama endiflesiyle çal›flt›kl ar› bankalar t ar af›ndan kadro yap›ld›. Türk toplum unun kazançlar› neler olur? Almanya’da dev bir banka „ T ü r kçe” hizmet verm esi Almanya’da yaflayan Türkler için çok önemli. Bu, Almanya’daki
Bankam›z'da ulaflmak isted i¤ iniz h ed e fl e rden bahs eder mis in i z ? Aktif büyüklük, mevduat ve müflteri say›s› gibi? Bank am›z hizm et ini, Alm a nya’n›n çeflitli bölgelerinde bulunan 13 ”pilot” flubelerimizde 30 Türk kökenli uzman çal›flan›m›z hizmete bafllad›k. fiu an ise yaklaik 30 flubede 60’dan fazla elemanla bu hizmeti veriyoruz. Ayr›ca ilk dokuz ay içinde Bank am›z sayesinde kazand›¤›m›z 2000 yeni müsteri say›s›n› son 4 ay içinde 3’e katlayarak 6 binin üzerine ç›kartt›k. ALMANYA’NIN AY YILDIZ’I E-Plus Almanya’n›n üçüncü büyük mobil ilet iflim oper at örü. Rakipl eri T-Mob ile, Vod af one ve O2 flirketleriyle rekabet eden E-Plus, Türk pazar›n›n potansiyelinin fark›na var›p ciddi yat›r›m ve ekip ile etnik pazara yönelen öncü flirketlerden. 2002 y›l›ndan beri tel ek omünikasyon operat örü KNP’e ba¤l› olarak faaliyet göstern E-Plus, Ay Y›ld›z’›n d›fl›nda Base, Viva gibi de¤iflik markal ar›n da sah ibi. Alm a nya’da yaflayan Türkler, Ay Y›ld›z projesiyle ilk kez 2005 y›l›n›n Ekim ay›nda tan › flt›. E-Plus geçti¤ imiz aylarda yeniden yap ›lanarak Almanya, Holl a nda ve Belçika'da hizmet veren Ay Y›ld›z flirketl er ini Ay Y›ld›z International çat›s› alt›nda birlefltirdi. fiirketin bafl ›na da Selahattin Erturul’u getirildi. Ay Y›ld›z Genel Müdürü Selahattin Erturul, ilk y›lda tüm çabal ar ›n›n kend il erini tan ›t›p Al-
TURKISH BRANDS WITH GERMAN GIANTS
tomers but within the past four months we increased that number fou rfold and attracted more than 6000 new cust omers. GERMANY'S CRESCENT AND STAR E-Plus is Germany's third largest mob ile comm un icat io n s oper ator. It is the first, among compet itors such as T-Mob ile, Vod af one, and O2, to fully realize the potent ial of the Turkish market and invest time and money into the ethn i c m a rket. Since 2002 it has funct i oned tog e ther with the telecomm un icat ions oper ator KNP and in add it ion to Crescent and Star has brands named Base and Viva.
The most imp o rtant point in dev el oping a product is to come up with tariffs that are suitable to the needs of our customers. These tariffs must be t r a n sp arent and easy to und e r stand. At the same time, the mark eting must take int o acc ount our key target aud i-
Do¤an Çalmaz was in charge as a Do¤an Çalmaz Ay Y›ld›z’›n general manager of Ay Y›ld›z in kurulufl aflamas›nda (2005-2007) between 2005-2007. iki y›l görev yapt›.
ence's customs and trad it io n s and must then util ize thei r emot i onal lang u age to app eal to them. These are the mai n factors as to why Cresc e n t
WHO IS SELAHATTIN ERTURUL? Selahattin Erturul (40) took over the position of the Managing Directors of Ay Yildiz international last August. At the same time he replaced Dogan Calmaz, which acted over two years as a managing director of the company. Selahattin Erturul was born 1967 in Sinop in Turkey. During the first nine years of his vocational career the engineering graduate of the information technology in the IT-industry worked, he created and led different IT-enterprises in Germany and Turkey. In the following years he held different leading selling and leading positions in the telecommunications industry.
34 • TurkofAmerica
Selahattin Erturul (40) Ay Y›ld›z genel müdürlü¤üne geçti¤imiz A¤ustos ay›nda getirildi. ‹ki y›ld›r genel müdür olarak görev yapan Do¤an Çalmaz’dan görevi devralan Erturul, 1967 Sinop, Türkiye do¤umlu. ‹nformasyon teknolojileri alan›nda e¤itim gören ve kariyerinin ilk 9 y›l›nda de¤iflik firmalarda deneyim kazanan Erturul, Almanya ve Türkiye’de IT alan›nda de¤iflik firmalar›n kurucusu ve yöneticisi olarak hizmet verdi. rin de mümkün oldu¤unca kolay anl afl ›l›r ve fleffaf bir yap ›ya sahip olmas›. Öte yandan pazarl am ada, hedef kitl emizin örf ve adetl erini, duygusal dil ini bil erek ona hitap etm emiz. Ay Y›ld›z’›n k›s a sür ede elde ett i¤i baflar ›n›n temelinde yatan en önemli faktörler.
Turks living in Germany first met the Crescent and Star project in Oct ober 2005. Sel ah a ttin Ert urul, the gen er a l man ager of Crescent and Star, stated that the first two yea r s were mainly spent int r oducing the serv ice to Turks living in Germany as a comm un ic at ions brand. Ert urul ind ic at e s that that work is beg i nning to pay off, “If we compare Crescent and Star to an airpl an e , we can say that it has attained the needed speed and has now lifted off.” The young Gen er a l Manager answered our que st ions as follows: What were the imp o rtant factors in int r oducing and spreading the use of Crescent and Star?
SELAHATT‹N ERTURUL K‹MD‹R?
manya’da yaflayan Türkl erin ilet iflim mark as› olmak yol u nd a ilerlemek oldu¤unu söylüyor. Yapt›kl ar› çal›flmal ar›n meyvelerini verm eye bafllad ›¤ ›n› ifade eden Erturul, “Ay Y›ld›z’› bir uça¤a benzetirsek, Ay Y›ld›z art›k gerekli sürate ulafl›p, pistten ayr›ld› ve yükseliflte” diyor. Genç Genel Müdür sorul ar ›m›z› flöyle cevapl ›yor: Ay Y›ld›z projesinin k›sa sürede tan›nmas› ve yayg›n olarak kullan›lmas›nda etk ili olan faktörler nelerdir? Ürün gelifltirmede hedeflenen en önemli nokta vatandafllar ›m ›z›n ilet iflim al›flkanl › kl ar ›na uygun t ar ifeler gelifltirmek. Bu tar if ele-
Ay Y›ld›z'›n tercih edilmesi sadece E-plus gibi güçlü bir markan›n arkas›nda olmas › yla aç›klanabilir mi? 1998 y›l › nda Alman Tel ek omünik a syon piy as as ›n›n rek ab ete aç›lm as› ile sabit hatlarda büyük bir rekabet ve fiy a tlarda düsüfl yafland›. Cep tel ef onu üzerinden yap ›lan görüflmel erin fiy a tlar›ndaki düsüfl daha sonra bafllad›. fiu anda fiyat baz›nda Alman cep telef onu piy asas › nda k›ran k›rana bir rekabet söz konuflu. Kenya ya da Rusya gibi ülkel ere ucuza iletiflim hizm eti sunan birçok flirket, Türk iye fiyatl ar ›n› da afla¤› çekerek müflt eri kazanmaya çal›fl ›yor. Ancak, Ay Y›ld›z’›n ticari modeli bu de¤il! Ay Y›ld›z, sadece ve sadece Almanya’da yaflayan Türk ve Türk kökenlilere, ülke içinde ve ana vatanlar›yla yapacakl ar› tel efon görüflmel erinde tas a rruf imkan› sa¤layan, sadece onlar›n ihtiyaçlar ›n› gözönünde bulundurarak gelifltirilmifl hizmetler sunan bir flirket konumunda. Ay Y›ld›z’› tercih edilen marka yapan en önemli unsurlardan biri de bu. Tab iiki E-Plus gibi bir GSM dev inin arkam›zda olmas› da büyük bir etken. Ay Y›ld›z proj es inin baflar›s› büyük flirketlerin etnik pazara yönelik gir iflimlerini art›rm ada bir etken olab ilir mi? Ay Y›ld›z kendi sektöründe Almanya’da sundu¤u ürün ve hiz-
and Star has attained such success in such a short amount of time. German Tel ecom was priv at ized in 1998 and since then many Turkish firms have owned lines that provide serv ic e s to users. Crescent and Star ent ered the market after 10 years. Is it pref e rred only bec a use there is the strong brand of E-plus behind it? Starting with the privat iz at io n of German Tel ecom in 1998, the opening of the market led to a huge comp et it ive push between land-line companies and a subs eq uent decr e ase in prices. The decr e ase in cell phone rates happ ened lat e r . C u rrently there is int e ns e compet it ion between play e r s in the German cell phon e market. Many firms that are off ering cheap serv ice to countries like Kenya or Russ ia are also trying to drive down prices in Turkey in order to attract new cust omers. However, Crescent and Star's trad e model is not like that! Crescent and Star is aimed only at Turks and Germans of Turkish descent living in Germany. This is a serv ice that has been dev eloped within the model of ensuring low rates for a pop ul at ion that wish e s to speak both within Germany and with Turkey. This is why our model is so widely preferred. Of course having EPlus behind us is also an important factor. Do you think the success of Crescent and Star will lead to other large firms inc r e asing t h eir inv e s tment in ethn i c markets? Aside from offering a spec ia l ized product and serv ice within its own sector in Germ a n y , Crescent and Star has also reached a mil e st one in terms of i nt e r - c u lt ural mark et i n g . Using the Crescent and Star model, many German firms
have started dev el oping products geared towards the Turkish community by using a lang u age that will app eal to their part ic ular cult ural background. Our biggest success is namely the title of “First and For emost” that has been attached to us. We bel i eve that people will begin to use the C r e scent and Star example to offer the Turkish comm unity with int e r - c u lt ural mark eting, thus there will be a large increase in not only the Germ a n but also international firms that will be inv o lv e d . How many peo ple do you currently employ and what are your plans for the fut ure? W i thin the sales team of Crescent and Star's Frankfurt h ea dq ua rters, a group of G e rm a n - e d uc ated, exp er ie nced, and biling ual 30 young p eo ple work tog e ther in a dynamic team. Our bigg e s t goal rel ating to the future is to always be by the side of our peo ple that live in Germany. By dev eloping goods that are based on their type of communication, we hope to offer them conditions that ensure they comfortably make calls to Turkey and within Germany.
metlerin yan›s›ra, kültürler aras› pazarlama alan›nda da bir ilk i baflard›. Bir çok Alman flirketi, Ay Y›ld›z örne¤inden yola ç›karak ülk ede yaflayan Türk ve Türk kökenlilere özel ürünler gelifltirip, kültürel yap›lar›na uygun bir dille pazarlama çal›flmas›na girdi. Ay Y›ld›z’›n en büyük bafl ar ›s›n› “‹lk ve Örnek” s›fatlar›n› kazanmas› olufltur uyor. ‹nan ›y oruz ki, önümüzdeki günlerde Ay Y›ld›z örne¤inden yola ç›karak vatandafllar›m›za yön elik kültürler aras› pazarlama giriflimleri bafllatacak, Alman hatta uluslararas› flirket say›s›nda büyük art›fl olacak. fiu an kaç kifl iye istihdam sa¤lan›yor ve gel ec e¤e iliflkin planl ar ›n›z nelerdir? Ay Y›ld›z’›n Frankfurt merkezi ve sat›fl teflkil at› içinde, e¤itimlerini bu ülk ede tamamlam›fl, tecrübe yüklü, hem Türkç eyi hemde Almancay› anadilleri gibi konuflan, yakl afl›k 30 kifl iden oluflan genç ve dinamik bir kadro görev yap›yor. Gelecekle ilg ili en büyük
hedefimiz Almanya’da yaflayan b izim insan ›m ›z›n hep yan›nda o lmak. Onlar›n iletiflim al›flkanl›kl ar ›na uygun ürünler gelifltir erek Türkiye ile ve Almanya içinde yapacakl ar› telefon görüflmel er ini mümkün olan en uygun flartl a rla sunabilmek. Özellikle ABD'de etnik pazara yönelik proj eler büyük bir pazar pay ›na sahip. Almany a ' d aki tel ekom sektöründe etnik pazar›n ekonomideki yeri hakk › nda bilg i vermeniz mümkün mü? ABD, etnik ya da kült ü rler aras› p az a rl ama kon us u nda bütün dünyaya örnek teflkil ediyor. Almanya’ya göçün üzerinden 40 y›l› aflk›n bir süre geçmesine ra¤men, bu konu ancak flimdilerde güncell›k kazand›. Hiç bir ekonomi y›ll›k al›m gücü 18 Milyar Euro’yu bulan, Almanya’daki Türk ve Türk kökenliler gibi bir gurubu göz a rd› edemez. Bu nedenle önümüzdeki dönemde bu alanda büyük bir hareketlilik gözlenecek.œ
In the US, projects geared towards the ethnic community take up a large part of the market share. Is it poss i ble to tell us the place of the ethnic market in the tel ecoms sector in Germany? The US, in terms of multi-cultural mark eting, is really a standard-bearer for the whol e world. Although the mass immigration to Germany first began 40 years ago, only now is the topic gaining grou n d there. No economy can afford to ign ore the buying power of a group like the Turkish popul at ion in Germany, which m ai nt ains an amount topp i n g 18 billion Euro. œ TurkofAmerica • 35
H‹LM‹ SELÇUK
A 41-YEAR BUSINESS LIFE, FULL OF GRIT AND TENACITY:
HILMI SELÇUK Among the 1500 firms that 450 officials from the German Food and Agriculture Ministry have inspected, Öz Kayseri was seen worthy of a gold medal five times.
Hilmi Selçuk is together Hilmi Selçuk damad› withson-in-law Turgay Ertürk Turgay Ertürk ve and his daughter, Serhan. k›z› Serhan ile birlikte.
AZ‹MLE, ‹NATLA 41 YILDIR ‹fi HAYATINDA:
H‹LM‹ SELÇUK Öz Kayseri, Alman Tar›m ve G›da Bakanl›¤›’na ba¤l› 450 uzman›n denetledi¤i 1500 firma aras›nda befl kez alt›n madalyaya lay›k görüldü. r a n kfurt – One of the first T u rkish ent r e pr en eurs to enter the German trade world is H i lmi Selçuk. Alth ough his bus iness life has been full of ups and downs, he has been at the f or e front of many inn ov at io n s . He has been an insp ir at ion to up-and-coming bus in e s sm e n . He has seen it all.
F
38 • TurkofAmerica
In 1961 he came as a ship techn ic ian to work on ships in Germany. Before long he began to w o nder about where to find t y p ical Turkish foods such as o l ives, cheese, and bulgur (cracked wheat). In the beginning i mp o rted goods from Turkey s olely for his own pers onal des ires. Later he sold goods as a
rankfurt - Almanya’da tic aret hayat ›na at›lan en eski Türk giriflimcil e rden biri Hilmi Selçuk. ‹fl hay at› inifl ve ç›k›fllarla dolu. Pek çok ilkte imz as› var. Tic aret hayat ›na at›lan pek çok ifladam›nda da eme¤i. Zirveyi de dib i de gören bir mac eraya sahip.
F
1961 y›l › nda gemi ihsas tekn i-
k eri olarak gem ilerde çal › flmak ü z ere Alm a nya’ya geldi. Ayl a r g e çt i kçe Türk zeyt ini, peyn ir i , b u lg uru nas›l bul unur bir aray›fl içine girdi. Bafll a ng › çt a k e ndi iht iyaçl ar ›n› karfl ›l am a k için Türk iye’den mal get i rmeye bafll ad›. Sonr al ar› da Türkl erin yo¤ u nl u kla çal › flt›¤› fabr ik al ar›n, yafl ad › kl ar› lojm a n-
v e ndor at sites such as fact or ies and dorms where Turks wer e w o rking and living. He soon bec ame tired of pol ice raids and spent six months at the door of the mun icip ality bui lding in order to gain a lic e nse. When he finally rec e ived the permit, the c al e ndar showed the year 1966. Born into a family from Skopje and a graduate of Istanbul Technical University, Selçuk was not satisfied with the life of a vendor and after six months he received a wholesaling license. “At that point I became a legitimate businessman,” he states. In the 1960s, while most Turks had no idea about wholesale trade, Selçuk became the first Turk to operate a wholesale depot in Frankfurt. W i thin three years the bus in e s sman's firm was selling and del iv ering to loc at ions loc ated within 50 km. It began to imp o r t f ood goods from Turkey, Denmark, and Greece. By 1972 he was a well-known bus in e s sm a n who mai nt a ined depot units in f our diff erent cit ies from Hamburg to Frankfurt. Alr ea d y known as one of the biggest e c on omic powers of Germany, u ntil 1976 Frankfurt only had one Turkish business-owner w o rking. At the same time, he a ss i sted 70 Turkish entrepren eurs who were seeking to gain lic e nses to open bus inesses. FAREWLL TO THE LIFE OF A WHOLESALER After a successful run in trade from 1966 on Hilmi Selçuk began to witness a downturn in his fortunes. After 1976 he had to close down his depots because of competition from other wholesalers. Based on the lack of experienced employees and the highly competitive atmosphere, he dec ided to shut down his wholesaling activities. He filed for bankruptcy in 1979. He saw a return in the kindness he had shown to others over the years. He received a year's free rent from Frankfurt's Whol es ale
Food manager, whom he had enj oyed many glasses of rak› with over the years. Selçuk still recalls that friendship with fondness. For Selçuk the struggle was over and he was starting life anew. By conv e rting a whol esale market that he had man aged in a d epot to a ret ail food market, he was sign aling a change in dir e ct ion. The Anat ol ian Turkish Food Mat er ials Market became one of Frankfurt's largest markets and for 15 years it sold its g oods to a variety of customers. His fortunes didn't go so well in this venture either but without losing anything he entered a new s e ctor in 1997. He began to prod uce Turkish-style pastrami under the brand name of “Öz Kays eri” at a prod u ct ion cent e r , Mond-Star, he opened at the skirt of the Taunus mountain located near Frankfurt. “We realized a type of production that was close to the orig inal. I worked on this for two years. We wasted near 80 thousand dollars worth of meat d uring this period,” states the experienced businessman. GOLD MEDAL PASTRAMI Mond-Star now exports past r ami to num er ous Eur op ean cou nt r ies. Selçuk claims that the c o mpany is the only one to prod uce pastrami acc o rding to the o r ig inal methods and using only n at ural means. The cumin and s p ices used in the past r ami come from Kayseri. Among the 1500 firms that 450 off ic ials from the G e rman Food and Agric u lt ur e Ministry have insp e cted, Öz K a ys eri was seen worthy of a gold medal five times. The company is the first Turkish one, o u ts ide of döner comp an ies, to be deemed worthy of the priz e . O u ts ide of Mond-Star, there are still comp an ies such as Naml › , I t ikat, Yayla, and Ege Türk in the Eur op ean past r ami market. These days the businessman is entering a new sector in addition to pastrami, namely tripe producti-
l ar›n önünde seyyar olarak sat›fl yapt›. Ancak pol i slerin bask›nl ar › ndan rahat edem ey i nce ruhsat almak için alt› ay bel ed iy enin kap ›s ›n› afl›nd › rd›. Seyyar sat›fl yapma izn ini ald ›¤ › nda takv i mler 1966 y›l›n› göst eriy o rdu. Üsküplü bir ailenin çocu¤u olan ve ‹st a nbul Teknik Üniv e rs it esi mez unu olan Selçuk’u, seyyar sat›fl tatmin etmedi ve alt› ay bir u¤r a flt a n sonra da topt a nc›l›k yapma izn ini ald›. “‹flte o zaman dört dörtlük iflad am› oldum” diyor Hilmi Selçuk. 1960’l› y›ll a rd a T ü r kler, topt a nc› hali nedir bilmezken, Selçuk Frankf u r t topt a nc› hal i nde depo ifll et e n ilk Türk’tü. Den ey i mli iflad am› üç y›lda Almanya’n›n 50 km çevr esine da¤ ›t›m yapan firma kon um una geldi. Türk iye’den, Dan im a rka’dan, Yun an i st a n ’ d a n g ›da ürünleri ithal etmeye bafll ad›. Y›l 1972 old u¤ u nd a Hamburg’tan Frankfurt’a kadar dört ayr› fleh i rde g›da depol ar› bul unan tan›nm›fl bir i fl ad am › yd›. Zaten Alm a nya’n›n en büyük haller i nd e n b iri olan Frankfurt’ta 1976 y›l›na kadar tek Türk ifll e tmeci patron olarak çal › flt›. Bu s›r ad a ruhsat alma imk an› olmayan 70’i aflk›n Türk gir ifl i mc iy e dükkan açm al ar› kon usunda yard › mc› oldu. TOPTANCI HAL‹NE VEDA Hilmi Selçuk’un 1966’da bafll ad ›¤› tic ari hay a tta zirv ey i görd ü¤ü y›ll ar›n ard › ndan ifll e r boz u lm aya bafll ad›. 1976 y›l › ndan sonra topt a nc› hal in e g iren rak i pl eri karfl ›s › nda depol ar ›n› birer birer kap a tmak zor u nda kald›. Yet i flmifl eleman eks i kl i¤i, zorlu rek ab e t o rt am› topt a nc ›l ›¤› b›r a kt › rma kar ar› ald›. 1979 y›l›nda iflas e tti. Halde kurd u¤u ikili iyi iliflk il erin fayd as ›n› zor günl er i nd e
gördü. Rak› içip sohbet etti¤i F r a n kfurt G›da Hali’nin müdürü Selçuk’tan kira almadan bir y›l idare eder. Selçuk, ark adafl ›n›n o y›llardaki iyili¤ in i hala minn e tle an›yor. S e lçuk için müc ed ele bitmemiflti, hayat yeni bafll ›y o rd u . Daha önce topt a nc› hali olar a k iflletti¤i dep ol a rdan birini markete dön ü flt ür erek per ak e nd e paz ar ›na at›ld›. Anad olu Türk G ›da Madd el eri Mark et i , F r a n kfurt’un en büyük marketl er i nden biri oldu ve 15 y›l boyunca müflt er ilerini a¤›rl ad›. S e lçuk’un mark e tç il i kte de iflleri boz u ldu ancak azm i nde bir fley kayb e tm eden 1997 y›l › nd a y eni bir sekt öre yön e ld i . Frankfurt yak›nl ar › nda Taunus da¤› etekl er i nde kurd u¤ u Mond-Star Past › rma tes i sl er i nde “Öz Kays eri” mark as › yl a past › rma imal etm eye bafll ad › . “Özüne uygun bir üretim gerçekleflt i rdik. Bunun için iki y›l u¤r a flt›m. Nerd e yse 80 bin dol a rl›k et heba oldu bu den em elerde” diyor den ey i mli iflad am›. ALTIN MADALYALI PASTIRMA Mond-Star, flimdi Avr up a ’ n › n pek çok ülk es ine past › rma ihraç ediyor. Selçuk, MondStar’›n orj in al ine uygun ve do¤al tek past › rma üret ic isi oldu¤unu sav un uyor. Past › rm an › n ç em eni ve bah ar a tl ar› Kays eri’den gel iyor. Alman Tar›m ve G›da Bak a nl ›¤›’na ba¤l› 450 uzm an›n den e tl ed i¤i 1500 firma aras › nda befl kez alt›n madaly aya lay›k gör ülen Öz Kays eri, döner d›fl › nda bu ödül e l ay›k gör ülen ilk ürün olma özell i¤ i nde. Halen Mond-Star d ›fl › nda Avr upa paz ar › nd a Naml›, ‹tikat, Yayla ve Ege Türk past › rma paz ar › nda faa l iyet göst er iyor. ‹ fl ad am› Selçuk bug ü nl e rd e past›rm adan sonra bir baflk a alana daha yat ›r›m yap ›yor: ‹ flk e mbe üret imi. Yakl afl › k TurkofAmerica • 39
H‹LM‹ SELÇUK
on. With an inv e s tment of nearly 700,000 Euro, Selçuk is going to start product ion of Turkish-style fried meat and tripe. He states that tripe cons u m pt ion is spreading and increasing throu gh out Eur ope. With a staff of 30 peo ple at Mond-Star, Sel-
çuk draws the most supp o r t from his son, daughter, and sonin-law. They eval u ate and take d ec isions coll ab or at ively. Although at the beg i nning he was hesitant to enter the tripe market, his dau g hter's insist e nce grad ually won him over.œ
700 bin euro’luk yat ›r › mla kavurma ve iflk e mbe üret im ine bafllayacak olan Selçuk, iflkembe tük et im inin yayg›nl›¤ ›na dikkat çek iyor. Mond-Star Past › rma’da 30 kifliye ist i hdam sa¤l ayan Selçuk’un flirkette en büyük yard › mc ›l ar ›
ise o¤lu Orhan ve dam ad › T u rgay Ertürk. Kar a rl ar› da b i rl i kte de¤ e rl e nd ir erek al›yorlar. Selçuk, iflk e mbe yat ›r ›m ›na girm e kte bafll a rda tereddüt ett i¤ ini ancak k›z›n›n ›sr a rl› tavr› ile karar ald›kl ar ›n› söyl üy o r .œ
PIONEERS IN EUROPE'S FOOD SECTOR
AVRUPA’DA GIDA SEKTÖRÜNÜN ÖNCÜLER‹
Baktat Efe F›rat Ege Türk Gazi Karmez Döner Kaplan Döner Kavak Pirinç (The company to introduce rice to Europe) Micro Kuru G›da (Munich) Öz Kayseri Tanay Çaylar› Uncle Türk G›da (Hamburg) (This list was compiled alphabetically.)
Baktat Efe F›rat Ege Türk Gazi Karmez Döner Kaplan Döner Kavak Pirinç (Avrupa’ya pirinci sokan marka) Micro Kuru G›da (Munih) Öz Kayseri Tanay Çaylar› Uncle Türk G›da (Hamburg) (fiirketler harf s›ras›na göre yaz›lm›flt›r.)
40 • TurkofAmerica
WORKER COMPANIES
WORKER COMPANIES FROM THE HORSE'S MOUTH
The first company founded by Turkish workers was Türksan, formed with 2200 partners in 1966.
B‹R TANI⁄IN A⁄ZINDAN ‹fiÇ‹ fi‹RKETLER‹
Almanya’da ilk Türk iflçi flirketi 2200 ortakla Türksan ad›yla 1966 y›l›nda kuruldu.
onsid ering the sheer number of Turkish workers in Germany, it's no surprise to learn that many had the idea of forming a company together to invest in Turkey. In this way, not only could the workers be their own boss, but it would also promote investment in their home c ountry's economy, even if on a small scale. The first company founded by T u rkish workers was Türksan, formed with 2200 partners in 1966. Although partners originally wanted to invest in shoes or a beer factory, they ended up making their first inv e s tment in paper production and started construction on the Ambarl› Ka¤›t ve Kaplama (Stored Paper and Coating) facility in July 1967. Thenpresident Süleyman Demirel provided the basic foundation for the factory.
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A witness to the construction of this factory and the grievances of the workers of that time is fiefik Karagüzel, an active member of workers' associations. Karagüzel was one of the auditors working for Türksan. He initially came to Germany in 1961 and began working at the Ford automobile factory. He was involved in working with employees there regarding their social problems. He was also a manager for the housing projects 42 • TurkofAmerica
where the workers lived. Widely known for his activism with workers, Kar ag üzel als o played an important role in worker org an izations such as the Fun eral Foundation, the Cologne Turkish Workers Soc iety, and T u rkish Meet, among others.
lmanya’daki Türk iflç il er inin çokl u¤u, bir ar aya gelip flirket kur arak Türk iye’ye y at ›r›m yapma fikr ini do¤ u rd u . Bu yolla hem küçük de olsa her i flçi kendi iflinin patr onu olac a kt› hem de ülke ekon om is in e k a tk› sa¤l an ac at›.
TURK-TUR One project he witnessed that was unsuccessful was another company founded by workers, this time the Türk-Tur cork factory in K›rflehir. Muzaffer Ünsal, then working as an attache in Cologne, became interested in the project, which came into being in the early 1970s. The factory, as a result of mismanagement, was closed a short while later and the machines w ere sold. Karagüzel states that, “The people managing the project w eren't farmers, they weren't traders, they weren't native to K›rflehir. It was bound to fail.” Of course not every business formed by Turkish workers in Germany failed. There are those still standing. For example, the story of Iflbir (One Business) is as follows: 960 workers empl oyed at the Ford factory combined their money and decided to form a company. Every worker put in 1000 Marks, including Karagüzel. The Turkish Ambassador to G e rmany at the time, Ziya Müezzio¤lu, told the workers that if
A lm a nya’da ilk Türk iflçi flirk eti 2200 ort a kla Türksan ad›yl a 1966 y›l › nda kur u ldu. ‹lk önc e a y a kk ab› sonra bira fabr ik as › y at ›r ›m› yap › lmak ist e nse de T ü r ksan, ilk yat ›r ›m ›n› ka¤ › t ü r et imi için Amb a rl› Ka¤›t ve K a pl ama tes i sler ine Temmuz 1967’de temel atarak yapt › . F a br ik an›n tem el ini dön emin B a flb ak an› Sül e yman Dem ir e l y a pt›.
TÜRK-TUR K ar agüzel’in tan › kl›k ett i¤i baflar›s›z proj elerden bir di¤ er i de, yine bir iflçi flirk eti tar af›ndan K›rfl ehir’de kur ulan TürkTur mantar fabr ik as› oldu. Köln’de atafle olarak görev yapan Muz a ffer Ünsal’›n bafl ›n › çekti¤i proje, 1970’li y›ll ar › nda bafllar › nda hayat geç ir i ldi. Ancak iyi yön et il em eyen fabr ika bir süre sonra kap at › lmak zorunda kald›, mak in el eri sat › ld › . K ar agüzel, projeyi, “Projeyi y ön eten çiftçi de¤ i ldi, tücc a r de¤ildi, K›rfl eh i rli de¤ i ldi. Baflar›s › zl ›¤› kaç›n › lm a zd›” diyor.
A lm a nya’da kur ulan ve hüsr ana u¤r ayan iflçi flirk e tl er in i n c a nl› tan › klar › ndan biri de o y › ll a rda aktif olarak iflçi derneklerinde görev alan fiefik K ar ag üzel’di. Kar ag üzel, Türksan’da mur ak›p olarak gör e v y ap a nlar aras › nd a yd›. 1961 y›l › nda Alm a nya’ya gelen Kar ag üzel, Ford otom obil fabr ik as › nda çal › flm aya bafllad›. Fabr ik ad aki iflç il erin sosyal sor u nl ar › yla ilgil e ndi. ‹flç il erin kald ›¤ › y u r tl a rda müd ü rlük yapt›. ‹ flç iler aras › nda akt i fl i¤i ile tan ›nan Kar ag üzel, Cen aze Vakf›, Köln Türk ‹flçil eri Cem iy et i ,
A lm a nya’da iflç il erin par alar › yla kur ulan her ifll e tme elbette batm ad›. ‹çl er i nde hal a a y a kta olanl ar› da var. ‹flb i r H oding onl a rdan biri. ‹flb i r ’ i n k ur ulufl hikay esi Ford’ta çal ›flan 960 Türk iflç iden para t o pl ay›p bir flirket kurma fikr i yle bafll ad›. Kar ag üzel’in de b afl ›n› çekti¤i iflç il e rden para t o pl ama iflinde, her bir çal ›fl a ndan 1000’er mark par a t o pl a nd›. O dön emin Türk iye A lm a nya Büy ük e lç isi Ziy a M üe zz io ¤lu’nun “5 mily o n m a rk› bul u rs an›z beni de üye y ap›n” sözü üzer ine, serm aye-
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Türk Tan›fl gibi pek çok iflç i d e rn e¤ inin kur ulufl u nda rol oyn ad › .
they were able to come up with 5 million Marks, he would join the e ffort. The workers were able to c ome up with 5 mill ion Marks worth of capital. In 1968, with 700 partners, they formed Iflbir. The company is still standing, after 39 years and currently with s even diff erent companies. Karagüzel worked in the management of the company for many years. In the years 1963-1973, there were 28 worker-based comp anies in Germany that attempted to invest in Turkey. By 1983, that number had increased to 322. However, as a result of a lack of know-how and exp er ience, most of the compan ies eventually failed. Karagüzel states, “Had the worker companies had more ass i st a nce and support perhaps they would have attained their goals, how ever their lack of knowledge was the biggest reason for bankruptcy.” Karagüzel's experie nce with wor-
ker fact or ies led him to another sector in 1976. He opened one of G e rmany's first travel agencies. Back then, there was only one flight to Turkey per month. He s t a rted by selling train and bus t i ckets and later made a deal with THY (Turkish Airlines) to start a weekly flight from Cologne to Istanbul. He eventually opened 26 o ff ices in Germany and employed 50 employ ees. After managing travel agencies for five years, business started to sour so he w i t hdrew from the market in 1981. Karagüzel is now enjoying his retirement. With an org an ization he started in Cologne, he is happy bringing together Turkish and German friends. Karagüzel states that he has lived in Germany for 46 years, “On a cc ount of the hypocrisy shown us, I didn't become a cit izen. We t r ied to imp r ove our society and they didn't appreciate that,” he p r otests. œ
yi 5 milyon marka kadar ç›karmay› bafl a rd ›lar. 1968 y›l › nda 700 ort a kla ‹flbir ad›yla iflçi flirket ini kurd ular. ‹flbir yedi ayr› flirk e tle 39 y›ld›r faa l iy e tl er ine devam ediyor. Karag üzel, uzun y›llar ‹flbir idari hey et i nde görev ald›. 1963-1973 y›ll ar› aras › nd a T ü rk iye’de yat ›r ›ma girm e k üzere yola koy ulan iflçi flirk eti say ›s› 28’di. 1983 sen es ine gel i nd i¤ i nde bu say› 322 ulaflm›flt›. Ancak, bu flirk e tlerin ço¤u idari bilgis i zlik ve tecr übes i zlik ned en i yle batt›. Kar ag üzel, “‹flç il erin kurd u¤ u fl i rk e tler destek görs e ydi bafl ar ›ya ulafl › rd› ancak bilg is i zl i k ifl a sl a rda en büyük etkendi” diyor. Kar ag üzel’in iflçi fabr ik al ar › nda den ey imi 1976’da onu baflka bir alana sürükl edi. Alm a nya’n›n ilk sey ahat acent al ar › n-
dan bir ini kurdu. Alm a nya’dan ayda bir kez ‹st a nbul’a uçak gitti¤i y›llard›. Kar ag üzel, tren ve otobüs bil eti sat arak yola ç›kt›. Daha sonra THY ile anl a flma yap arak her h a fta Köln’den ‹st a nb u l ’ a uçak sef eri bafll a tt›. Alm a ny a gen el i nde 26 ofise, 50 çal ›fl an a ulaflt›. Kar ag üzel, befl y›l kad a r s ey ahat acent as› ifll e tt i kt e n sonra ifll er inin köt üye gitmesi ned en i yle 1981 y›l › nda piy as adan çek i ldi. Kar ag üzel, flimd ilerde emeklili¤in tad ›n› ç›k ar ›yor. Köln’de yine kend is in i n k u rd u¤u dern e kte Türk ve A lman dostl ar › yla bir ar ay a geliyor. 46 y›ld›r Alm a nya’da yafl ay a n Karag üzel, “Bize yap ›lan iki y ü zl ül ü kten ötürü vat a nd a fl olmad›m. Meml ek etin kalk›nmas›nda eme¤i geçen bizl ere de¤er verm iy o rlar” diye isy a n ediyor. œ
TurkofAmerica • 43
TELECOM
A TELECOMS BRAND: PENTATEL öln- Alm a nya’da tel ek omunikasyon sektörü 2006 y›l›nda toplam 67 milyar euro ciro yapt›. Almanya içi ve yurt d›fl› aramalarda Türklerin yar a tt ›¤› pazar toplam cir on u n yüzde 10’una karfl›l›k geliyor. Yani bir baflka deyimle Almanya’da yaflayan Türkler geçen y›l yaklafl›k 6.7 milyar euro’yu telefon görüflmeleri için harcad›.
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Bir Alman›n bir telefon görüflmesi ortalama 1,5-2 dakika sürerken, Türkler de bu ortalama 4.35 dakika olarak gerçeklefliyor. Almanya’daki tel ekom sektöründe etnik pazar›n büyüklü¤ü özellikle Alman Telekom’un özellefltirilm es i nden sonra firmal ar›n iflt ah ›n› kabartt›. ÜRÜN fi‹RKETLEfiT‹ 1994 y›l›nda ifladam› Orhan Bilen taraf›ndan Penta Net ad›yla kur ulan ve halen Almanya’da en fazla istihdam sa¤layan Türk telekom flirk eti olan Pentatel Telekom, etnik pazar›n liderlerinden. 100’e yak›n kifl iye istihdam sa¤layan Pentatel, 1600 temsilci bayii kanal›yla da ürünlerini pazarl›yor.
ologne- In 2006 the telecommunications sector of Germany had a turnover of 67 billion Euro. Out of all of Germany's domestic and international calls, Turks were responsible for 10 percent of that turnover. In other words, Turks living in Germany spent 6.7 billion Euro on telephone calls.
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While the average span of time a German spends making a call is 1.5-2 minutes, Turks spend 4.35 minutes. The size of the ethnic market in Germany's telecom sector particularly came 46 • TurkofAmerica
to light after the privatization of German Telecom, which increased the appetite among firms. THE PRODUCT BECAME A COMPANY Formed as Penta Net in 1994 by businessman Orhan Bilen, Pentatel Telecom is today the Turkish telecom firm that provides the most employment in Germany and is a leader in the ethnic market. Pentatel provides employment to 100 people and markets its products through the channel of 1600 representative distributors.
‹lk kuruldu¤unda donan›m, yaz›l›m ve informasyon teknolojileri alan›nda yo¤unlaflan Pentatel, flirketlere a¤ kurmada büyük projelere imza att›. 1998 y ›l › nda Alman Tel ek o m ’ u n
özellefltirilmesiyle farkl› bir alana s›çrad›. fiirketlere sadece altyap› sa¤lanmas› konusunda de¤il hizmet alan›nda da destek vermeye bafllad›. Bilen, “Bu tam amen müflt er il erin ist e kl eri do¤rultusunda oldu” diyor. Türk pazar›na yönelik ilk telefon kartlar› da Pentatel ad›yla 1998 ortalar›nda piyasaya sürüldü. ‹lk alt› ay sonunda ürünün flirk e tl e flm esi yafl a nd› ve Pentatel GmbH kuruldu. Bilen t ar af › ndan yine 2004 y›l › nd a f aa l iyete geç irilen Glob a lt e l GmbH flirketi ise carrier olarak flehiriçi sabit hat hizmetlerinin tamam›n› ve web hosting’ten internete kadar tüm hizmetleri sunuyor. A lm a nya’n›n tüm büyük fleh i rler i nde kend is ine ait pop nokt alar› oluflt uran Pent atel, abon el erine ayl›k fat ur al ama yol u yla, haz›r kart, arama merk e zl er i (call shop) ve int e rnet cafe’ler alan›nda hizmet ver iyor. 14 YIL GER‹DE KALDI ‹lk özellefltirme rüzgar›n›n esti¤i y›llarda Almanya’da yerli yabanc› yaklafl›k 1700 civar›nda t el ek om ün ik a syon firm as› faaliyet gösterirken bu say› bugünlerde 170’e inmifl durumda. “IT sekt ör ü nde 14, tel ek o mda 10 y›l› geride b›r a kt›k. Bizden baflka telekom sektöründe uzun sol u klu Türk flirk eti yok” diyen
TELEKOMDA MARKA:
PENTATEL
A HIGH SCHOOLER, TWICE! Born in Tokat in 1963, Bilen came to Germany in 1980 with the goal of studying. Although he had already studied high school in Turkey, he attended high school again in Germany in order to learn more about the country and culture. He graduated from both the computer and mechanical engineering departments at the same time. After school he worked at a large engineering firm for five years. He was assigned to projects for a steel factoryproducing company named Tysen in the US and Saudi Arabia. His primary goal was to gain enough experience to open his own company. He entered the IT market in 1994 and the telecommunication market in 1998.
When it was first formed, Pent atel conc e nt r ated in the areas of hardw are, softw are, and informat ion techn ology and was resp o ns i ble for projects aim e d at dev el oping networks for firms. With the priv at iz at ion of G e rman Tel ecom in 1998, the company switched to anoth e r f ield. It began to prov ide support in the serv ice area, in add it ion to prov iding infrastructure to comp an ies. Acc o rding to Bilen, “this happ ened as a dir e c t r esult of the cust omers' wants.” The first telephone cards geared towards the Turkish market were put out by Pentatel in 1998. At the end of the first six months, the products were made into a company and Pentatel, Inc. was formed. Today, providing services for fixed line phone calls within the same city, GlobalTel GmbH, which was founded in 2004 by Bilen, is involved in numerous aspects of telecommunications, ranging from web hosting to Internet services. Pentatel owns key points in all of Germany's large cities and services its customers through many means, incl uding monthly bills to subscribers, phone cards, call shops, and Internet cafes. FOURTEEN YEARS HAVE ALREADY PASSED During the initial heady years of privatization in Germany, there were nearly 1700 domes-
tic and international telecommunications firms, while today that number has dwindled to 170. “We have left 14 years in the IT sector and 10 years in telecom behind. There is no other Turkish firm in this sector that has had so much staying power,” said Bilen. He also states that companies that use the latest technology on fixed lines and place importance on investment will stay strong in the market. He adds that many of the companies in the sector that went under in the past couple of years did so primarily because they outs ou rced much of their services to other firms. Pentatel and Globaltel, on the other hand, do not receive services from sub-cont r a cting firms.
Bilen, sabit hat üzer i nde son tekn ol oj iyi kull anan ve yat ›r › m yapan flirk e tl erin gelec e kte de piy as ada ayakta kal ac a¤ ›n› söylüyor. Sekt ö rde geçmifl y›ll a rd a b atan flirk e tl erin ço¤ unun servisler ini baflka flirketlerden sa¤layanlar old u¤ una dikkat çeken Bilen, Glob a lTel ve Pentatel’in tafl eron bir firm adan hizmet almad›¤ ›n›n alt ›n› çiz iyor. Sad ece Alm a nya içi tel efon görüflm el er i nde Türkl erin topl am›n içind eki pay› yüzde 3 civ ar›nda. Türkler tel efon harc amalar › nda Almanya’daki etnik kö-
kenler aras › nda ilk s›r ay› al›yor. DSL üzerinden abonelerine s›n›rs›z internet imkan› da sunan GlobalTel, sadece Türklere de¤il Polonya, Rus, Arap ve Balkan kökenli göçmenlere de pazarlama yap›yor. Mobil telefon pazar›n›n sabit hatlar olmaks›z›n fazla yol katedemeyece¤ine inanan Bilen, Türkiye’de de bir ortak vas›tas›yla telekom sektöründe 2003 y›l›ndan beri boy gösteriyor. Bilen, Almanya’da verdikleri hizmetlerin benzerlerini Türkiye’de de vermek istediklerini vurguluyor.œ
‹K‹ KEZ L‹SE OKUDU 1963 Tokat do¤umlu Bilen, 1980 y›l›nda okumak amac›yla Almanya’ya geldi. Türkiye’de tamamlad›¤› lise e¤itimi Almanya’da tan›nmad›¤› için liseyi tekrar okudu. Bilgisayar ve makine mühendisli¤i bölümünü efl zamanl› bitirdi. Okuldan sonra befl y›l büyük bir mühendislik bürosunda çal›flt›. Demir çelik fabrikalar› yapan Tysen firmas›n›n ABD ve S. Arabistan’daki projelerinde görev ald›. Tek amac› kendi iflini kurmak için deneyim kazanmakt›. 1994 y›l›nda IT ve 1998’de telekomünikasyon sektörüne at›ld›.
For domestic calls, Turks take up three percent of the calling population and they take first place among ethnic groups for phone call payments. The unlimited DSL service that GlobalTel markets, however, is not only geared to Turks but also other ethnic minorities, such as the Polish, Russian, Arab, and Balkan communities. Bilen believes that the mobile phone sector will not lead to the disuse of fixed land lines, in fact, he continues to expand. He entered the Turkish market through another partner in the telecom sector in 2003. Bilen wants to expand the services he provides in Germany to Turkey. œ Turk of America • 47
AVRASYA DÖNER
ALMANYA’NIN AVRASYALI DÖNERC‹S‹
GERMANY'S EURASIAN DÖNER-MAKER ol o gne- When Yunus Alt › nsoy stepped foot in Germany in 1999, the effects of mad cow dis e ase were ech oi n g throu gh out Eur ope. Regardless of the risks inv o lved, he dec ided to enter the döner sector. After c o nd u cting research into the s e ctor, he inv e sted 1.5 mill io n marks and began product io n . The German Inv e s tment Bank p r ov ided the needed capital.
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yi de Alman Yat ›r›m Bank as›’ndan sa¤lad›. Alman ilg ili makamlar ›na baflvuru yap arak kredi sa¤l ama metodunun Türk gir ifl i mciler aras›nda çok yayg›n olmad›¤ ›n a dikkat çeken Alt › nsoy, al›n a n kredileri zam an › nda ödeme, güvenili iflad am› prof il inin di¤ e r Türk gir ifl i mc ilere de yard›m› oldu¤ una vurgu yap›yor.
A lt › nsoy points out that Turkish e nt r e pr en eurs are not appl y i n g in large enough numbers to G e rman agenc ies in charge of p r ov iding credit. Acc o rding to him, by paying back credit on t ime and sustaining the prof il e of a trustworthy businessman, c u rrent bus iness owners can hope to imp r ove the lot of oth e r T u rkish ent r e pr en eurs trying to b r eak into the market.
Alt›nsoy, döner üret im inin yüzde 95’ini Alm a nya d›fl ›na ihr a ç ediyor. Günde alt› de¤iflik türd e 10 tonluk döner imal eden Alt › nsoy, “Yem ey ec e¤ imiz mal › pazara sunm ay›z” diyor.
A lt › nsoy exports 95 per cent of his döner prod u ct ion. With a d aily prod u ct ion of six diff erent types of 10 tons of döner, the p r od ucer claims that “we shouldn't sell what we ourselves w ouldn't eat.” A lt › nsoy, who exports döner to eight Eur op ean cou nt r ies, says that his business model is based on the idea of a win-win sit ua t ion for all. His company Avr a sya (Eur asian) Döner sends products to Spain, Italy, Aust r ia , and Mad ag a scar. The people who man age the depots in Eur ope are at the same time partners with the company in thes e e nd e avors. Alt › nsoy states the f o ll owing, “Every one working for Avr a sya Döner, even the 50 • TurkofAmerica
Alayhan› Village in the Anatolian province of Aksaray, Alt›nsoy built a school in an act of gratitude to the village that raised him.
c u st od ial staff cleaning the off ice, knows the company's profits, losses and sales fig ur e s . ” The ent r e pr en eur points out that while most peo ple prod ucing döner sell mainly to the G e rman domestic market, he has made it a point since the day p r od u ct ion began to sell to ot-
Aksaray’a ba¤l› Alayhan› Köyü’nden olan Alt›nsoy, bir okul yapt›rarak memleketine olan borcunu bir nebze de olsa ödemek istemifl.
öln- 1999 y›l›nda Alm a nya’da ayak bast›¤›nda deli dana kriz inin etk ileri tüm Avr upa’y› sarm › flt›. Yunus Alt›nsoy, döner sektör ünün gel ifl im ini göz ö n üne al›p riskli de olsa bu alana girmeye karar verdi. Sekt örel a r a flt › rma sonr as› 1.5 mily o n markl›k bir yat ›r › mla döner üretim ine bafll ad›. Gerekli serm ay e-
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Avr upa’n›n sekiz ülk es ine döner ihraç eden Alt›nsoy, ifl mod eler inin herkesin kaz a nma esas ›n a dayand›¤›n› söyl üyor. Avrasya Döner, ‹sp a nya, ‹talya, Avusturya’n›n yan› s›ra Madagaskar’a da mal gönd er iyor. Avrupa’daki dep ol ar› iflletenler ayn› zamanda Avr a sya Döner’in ifl ort a kl ar› olarak çal ›fl ›yor. Alt›nsoy, çal ›flanlar›n ifle olan ilg iler ini anlatmak için de, “Avr a sya Döner’in kar ve zar ar ›n›, sat›fl rakamlar ›n › flirketin temizli¤ini yapan çal ›flan dahi bilir” diyor. Almanya’daki döner imalat ›n a bafllayanl ar›n genelde Alm a ny a iç pazar ›na odakland › kl ar ›n a dikkat çeken genç patron, üretime bafllad›kl ar› günden beri hep Avrupa’n›n di¤er ülk eler ini hedef olarak seçtikl er ini ifade ediyor. Avr a sya Döner’in, Avrupa Birl i¤i standartlar›nda üretim yapan Köln’deki 2 bin metr ek ar elik tesislerde 65 kifli ist i hdam edil iyor.
her Eur op ean cou nt r ies. U t il izing a 2,000 square-meter, E U - c o m pl iant facility and empl oying 65 peo ple in Col o gne, A vr a sya Döner's leader emph as izes that they will not hesit at e to enter any markets deem e d pot e nt ially prof it a ble. Thei r plans to open a döner flat wrap b r ead product ion factory is ong oing. The factory, which will produce 40,000 flat wraps, will e xport its products to Eur op e . O r ig inally from Alayh an› Vill age in the Anat ol ian prov i nce of A ks aray, in 2005 Alt › nsoy built a 3-story school in an act of gratitude to the vill age that raised him. DÖNER MAKERS HAVE A CHAMBER OF THEIR OWN TOO It is thought that there are approximately 200 döner makers in Germany. From this numb e r , t h ere are found to be 60 that m ake döner acc o rding to Eur op ean standards. These fac il it ie s m ai ntain hosp ital standards in terms of clea nl iness and are per io d ically insp e cted by German a u th or it ies. Upon consid ering the fact that the ever-inc r e asing number of d ön e r - p r od ucers take home a l a rger profit than all the readym ade food sales comb ined in the country, it is easy to und e r stand why the prod ucers, in resp o nse to growing dis o rg an iz at ion in the sector, came tog e ther to form a Chamber of Eur op ean D öner Prod ucers. Chosen by v otes to head up the chamb e r , one of the first goals Yunus Alt › nsoy set was to inst it ut io n al iz e d öner as the car eer of those inv o lved, not merely the good being prod uced. He also stat e s that the org an iz at ion will be in c o n stant comm un ic at ion with o ff ic ial German agenc ies and that bringing a new image to d öner will be a top priority. A lt › nsoy points out that the word döner itself is ass oc i ated
with a certain type of brand, “If a prod ucer puts out tai nted meat that has not been made acc o rding to standards, this directly affects the ent ire body of d öner prod ucers. Those creating h ealthy meat would of cou rse be a ff e cted negatively.” A lt › nsoy also states that sinc e d öner has entered the world's languages in its orig inal Turkish form, it holds great imp o rt a nc e in terms of being a cult ural amb a ss ador of Turkish cult ure to the world.
THE LORD OF DÖNER Essen- Of the 200 döner prod ucers working in Germany, many are working in NRW. In add it ion, it is poss i ble to sep ar ate the d öner makers that prod uce acc o rding to Eur op ean standards and the oth e r s . T h ere is no diff er e nce betw ee n the fac il it ies that prod uce acc o rding to high-quality standards and a hospital. The product io n f ac il it ies are cont in ually under i n sp e ct ion. In terms of health and nutr it ion, firms must have EU numbers and a stand a r d c e rt if ic ate called EWG. Thos e w i th out such standards are not a ll owed to export. Alth ough the lack of a standard cert if ic ate does not aut omat ically mean that u n hy g i enic product ion is taking p l ace, in terms of stand a rd izing the quality of the sector at large, t h ese cert if ic ates are imp o rt a n t . Of the owners of Bey Döner (Lord of Döner) in Essen, Must afa Say›n entered the sector when it was in its early stages. Turks living in the NRW region b egan to invest in the bus iness ten years after such init ia t ives in B e rlin. A fter selling his rest a urant called “Merh aba” (“Hello”) in 1995, Say›n bec ame a partner in Bey Döner, which is said to be one of the first prod ucers of its kind in the region. At its inc e p-
Alt›nsoy, yat›r›mc› olarak karl› gördükleri sektörlere girmekten kaç›nmayacakl ar ›na vurgu yap ›yor. Avr a sya Döner olarak ‹zmir S e rbest Bölg esi’nde dürüm ekme¤i üret ecek tesis kurma çal›flm al ar› devam ediyor. Sekiz saa tt e 40 bin dürüm üretecek fabrika, ürünleri Avrupa’ya ihraç edecek. Aslen Aksaray’a ba¤l› Alayhan› Köyü’nden olan Alt›nsoy, 2005 y›l›nda üç katl› bir okul yapt›rarak meml eketine olan borcunu bir nebze de olsa ödemek istemifl. DÖNERC‹LER‹N DE ODASI VAR A lm a nya’da faa l iyet göst eren d öner imal a tç›lar ›n›n say›s› 200 civar›nda old u¤u tahmin edil iyor. Bunl a rdan Avr upa standartlar ›na uygun üretim yapan 60 döner imalatç›s› bul un uyor. S t a nd a r tl ar› sa¤l ayan tes i sler a d eta hastane tit i zl i¤ i nde üretim y ap ›yor ve Alman makamlar ›nca s›k› den et ime sahip. Türkler tar af › ndan iflletilen 13.600 ifll e tme y›ll›k olar a k 122.000 ton döner imalat ve sat›fl› gerçekl e flt ir iyor. Türk iy e A r a flt › rm alar Merk ezi tar af › ndan yap ›lan araflt › rm aya gör e , bu sat › fltan sa¤lanan y›ll›k ciro 2 m i lyar Euro´ya ulafl ›yor. 680 m i lyon Euro´luk yat ›r›m hacm ine sahip ifll e tm eler 48.000 kifl iy e istihdam sa¤l ›yor. Say ›l ar› her geçen gün artan döner imalatç ›l ar› Almanya’da tüm haz›r yiyecek ürünlerinden daha f a zla ciroya ulafl›rken, sektördeki da¤›n›kl›¤a da dur demenin zaman› geld i¤ ine inanan üreticiler Avrupa Döner Odas› etr af›nda birleflti. Baflkanl›¤›na oybirli¤i ile Yunus Alt›nsoy’un getirildi¤i oda, dönerin meslek olarak kabul edilmes ini öncel i kli hedeflerden biri olarak belirl edi. Alt › nsoy, Alman resmi kurumlar›nca da karfl›lar›nda muhatap alabil ecekleri bir kurum olarak ç›kacaklar ›n›, dönere yeni bir imaj kazand›racaklar ›n› vurguluyor. D ön erin en büyük flans›zl ›¤ ›n›n i sm inin marka olarak özdeflleflt i¤ine dikkat çeken Alt›nsoy,
“E¤er stand a r tlara uygun üretim y a pm ayan imalatç›n›n kull a nd ›¤› et boz u ksa, bu piy as aya direkt b ozuk etle yap›lan döner diye y a ns ›yor ve tüm döner üret ic iler ini kaps ›yor. Sa¤l › kl› üretim yapan da etk ilen iyor” diye kon ufl uyor. Dönerin Türkçe olarak d ü nya lit eratür üne gird i¤ ine de¤inen Alt›nsoy, Türk kült ür ünün tan›t ›m› için de büyük bir önem tafl ›d ›¤›n› dile get ir iyor.
DÖNER‹N BEY‹ Essen- Almanya’da faaliyet göst eren yaklafl›k 350 döner üreticisinin büyük ço¤unlu¤una ev sahipli¤i yapan eyalet Kuzey Rein Westfalia (NRW). Döner üretiminde Avr upa standartlar›na göre üretim yapanlar ve di¤erleri diye bir ay›r›m yapmak mümkün. Standartl ara göre üretim yapan tesislerin hast an eden fark› yok. Üretim merkezl eri sür e kli denetim alt›nda. Sa¤l›k ve g›dayla ilg ili standartlar› sa¤l amak için firm alar EU numaras› almak zorunda ve EWG ad› ver ilen standart belgesine sahipler. Bu standartlar› olmayan ihracat yapam›yor. Standart belg esi olmamas› demek sa¤l›ks›z üretim yap›ld ›¤ › anl am› tafl›m›yor ancak sekt ör e ç eki düzen verilmesi aç›s›ndan standartlar büyük önem tafl›yor. Essen’de faa l iyet göst eren Bey D öner’in sahipler i nden Must af a Say›n, döner ifline girdi¤ i nde sektör henüz emekl eme devres i ndeydi. Berlin’den yakl afl›k 10 y›l sonra NRW’de yaflayan Türkler döner ifline yat›r›ma bafllad›. 1995 y›l›nda kurd u¤u “Merh aba” isimli bir restoran› sat›p Bey D öner’e ortak olan Say›n, Bey D öner’in NRW’de kur ulan ilk d öner flirketlerinden biri. ‹lk faaliy ete geçti¤inde 10 müflt eriye, dört çal ›fl a nla günde 200 kil o ü r etim yapan Bey Döner, bir y›l s on u nda 40 müflteri ve 40 ton a yl›k üret ime ulaflt›. 1999 y›l›nda üretim 60 tona kadar ç›kt›. Tesis küçük gelm eye bafll ad › . A ncak strat ejik olarak al›nan k arar, Bey Döner’in büy üme h›TurkofAmerica • 51
AVRASYA DÖNER
t ion, there were merely 10 cust omers, 4 empl oy ees, and 200 k ilos worth of meat prod uc e d d aily. By the end of its first yea r , the company had progr e ssed to 40 cust omers and 40 tons of daily döner prod u ct ion. In 1999 that amount went up to 60 tons per day and the small size of the f ac il it ies began to be const r a ining. They ther ef ore took a strategic dec ision to slow down the rapid exp a nsion of the bus iness. They formed a mark eting d ep a r tment that would cater to the cust omers' needs outs ide of d öner from A to Z but in the p r ocess brought a halt to the d öner prod u ct ion. Having ret u rned to their act ual work in 2002, the partners now have a 1200 square-meter, 7 ton cap acity fac ility for prod u ct ion. For the past year and a half, Say›n has been sea r ching for a new p l ace in order to expand their p r od u ct ion. They are plann i n g to transfer the 38 empl oy ees to a new fac ility, where they will be more in line with Eur op ean s t a ndards. They will invest nearly 3 mill ion Euro in the 6,000 square-meter area and begin exp o rting to other Eur op ean cou nt r ies. A fter bui lding the new fac il it ie s , M u st afa Say›n plans to prod uc e 15 tons of döner per day. He p oints out that the pop ul at io n s of Germany, Holland, and F r a nce know döner quite well, w h ile the other 22 cou nt r ies in E ur ope present a huge pot e nt ia l m a rket a prod ucer such as himself. THE FIRST GENERATION TO BE BORN IN GERMANY M u st afa Say›n was born in 1970 to a family from fier e fl ik o çhisar, Ank ara and is the sixth child and first son for his family. He is among the first gen er at ion of his family to be born in Germany. He graduated school in 1986 and entered the bus iness world, having first tried his hand in the metal sector, wher e 52 • TurkofAmerica
he worked for two years. Aft e r l e aving the metal bus iness he worked to stay busy and ent er e d the döner sector in 1991. He decided to start his own business in 1993. His father's death int e rr u pted these plans and in 1995 he tried his hand in the gastron om ical sector by starting a rest a urant. He closed the rest a urant once year later and bec ame a partner in Bey Döner. A fou nder of The Ass oc ia t ion of Ank ara Turks, he is the fath e r of three daughters.
THE TENT OF THE BROTHERS-IN-LAW Kirchlengen- All across Germany, in large urban centers and small towns, it is possible to run into various prod ucers making döner. Located near the city of H e rford, the town of Kirchlengen is the setting for Oba (Tent) D öner. In this town of 6000, Nurullah Gez and Erhan Balc › have been in production for 14 years. They have even exported döner to American sold iers serving in Afghanistan. F ate was inst r um e ntal in the lives of the two. They both arrived in Germany in the year 1989. They are also brothers-inlaw. Having opened their first b us iness through bank loans, they prod uced 200 kilos of meat their first year and today prod uce nearly 2 tons of dön e r . Oba is the sole prod ucer of döner in Kirch l e ngern and sells 80 p e rcent of its meat to Turkish firms. Oba Döner prod uces all their p r oducts acc o rding to Eur op ea n Union standards and have started prod ucing salami and sau s age also. Nur u llah Gez, who gave us a tour of the fac il it ies, stated that ach i eving the correct s t a ndards meant inv e sting roughly 4 mill ion Euro. Oba Döner prov ides empl o yment to ten p eo ple and purch ases its raw mater ials from Holland, Italy, I r eland, and France. œ
A founder of The Association of Ankara Turks. (Middle)
Mustafa Say›n Almanya’daki Ankaral›lar Derne¤i’nin de kurucular›ndan. (Ortada)
z›n› kesti. Müflter il ere döner d›fl›nda A’dan Z’ye tüm ihtiyaçlar› k a rfl ›l amak için oluflturulan pazarlama bölümü, as›l ifl olan döner imal at ›n› sekt eye u¤r a tt › . 2002’de tekrar as›l ifline dön e n ort a klar, 1200 metr ek are tesislerde ayl›k 150 ton üretim kapas it esi ile faaliyet göster iyor. Say›n, üretim tesisler ini büy ü tmek için 1.5 y›ld›r da yeni bir yer aray›fl›nda. 38 kifl inin çal › flt ›¤ › tesisleri yeni bir yere tafl ›y›p Avrupa stand a r tl ar ›na göre üretim yap›lmas› planlan›yor. Alt› bin metrekare arsa üzer ine yaklafl›k 3 milyo euro yat ›r›m ile kurulm as› planlanan yeni tesis ile Avrupa’n›n di¤er ülk eler ine de ihracat gerçeklefltir ecek. Must afa Say›n’›n yeni tesis faaliyete geçtikten sonraki plan› ise günde 15 ton üretim kapas it esine ulaflmak. Halen Avrupa’da Almanya, Holl a nda ve Fransa gib i befl ülk enin döneri çok iyi tan ›d ›¤›n› kaydeden Say›n, ger iye kalan 22 ülkenin döner için çok büyük bir pazar oldu¤unu vurguluyor. ALMANYA’DA DO⁄AN ‹LK NES‹LDEN A nk ara, fier e flikoçhis a rl› bir ailenin befl k›z çoc u¤ unun ard›ndan 1970 y›l›nda düny aya gelen Must afa Say›n, Alm a nya’da do¤an ilk nesil Türklerden. 1986 y›l›nda meslek e¤it im ini tamamlay›p metal sekt ör ü nde ifl hay at ›na at›lan Say›n, iki y›l kadar çal › flt›. Bofl kalm amak için çal › flt ›¤ › metalcil i¤i b›r ak›p 1991 y›l›nda d öner sekt örüne ad›m att›. 1993 y›l›nda kendi iflini kurm aya karar verdi. Bab as ›n›n vefat› plan-
lar ›n› bozdu. 1995’te restoran a ç arak gast r onomi alan › nd a flans ›n› den edi. Bir y›l sonra da restoran› kap at›p Bey Döner’e ortak oldu. Ank ar al ›lar Dern e¤i’nin de kur uc ular › ndan olan Say›n, üç k›z çocuk bab as›.
BACANAKLARIN OBA’SI Kirchlengen- Almanya’da büyük yerleflim yerlerinden küçük kasabalara kadar döner imal eden ifll e tm el ere rastl amak mümk ü n . H e rford flehri yak › nl ar›nd ak i Kirch l e ngen kas ab as› da Oba Döner’e ev sahipli¤i yapan küçük bir yerleflim alan›. Yakl afl›k 6 bin kifl inin yaflad›¤› kas abada, 14 y›ld›r üretim yapan Nurullah Gez ve Erhan Balc›, Afg an i stan’daki Amer ikan askerlere de döner ihraç etmifl. 1989 y›l›nda kader birl i¤i yap arak Almanya’ya gelen Gez ve Balc› ayn› zamanda bac anak. ‹lk iflletm el er ini banka kred isi ile kuran ortaklar, ilk y›l 200 kil o ile bafllad›klar› üret i mleri flimd ilerde 2 tona yak›n. Kirchlengern b ö lg es inin tek üret ic isi olan Oba, ürünl erin yüzde 80’ini Türk firm al ara sat ›yor. Avrupa Birli¤i üretim standartlar›na göre faaliyet gösteren Oba Döner, sucuk ve salam imalat›na da bafll›yor. Tesisleri gezdiren Nurullah Gez, gerekli standartlar›n› yakalayabilmek için gerekli yat›r›m tutar›n›n 4 milyon euro civar›nda oldu¤unu söylüyor. Oba Döner 10 kifliye istihdam sa¤l›yor ve hammaddeyi Hollanda, ‹talya, ‹rlanda ve Fransa’dan sa¤l›yor. œ
DO BUSINESS IN GERMANY
BUSINESS SERVICES FROM A-TO-Z
Zafer Aktafl, Ersoy Sam, Hakan Y›ld›r›m and Daniel S. Lee. (Left to right)
‹fiADAMINA A’DAN Z’YE H‹ZMET o r tmund- For many years, the Turks who had imm i gr ated to Germany faced the dilemmas that inev itably arise from being caught betw een two c ou nt r ies and distinct cult ures. Turks always nursed the hope that they would one day return to their country. By the 1990s, h ow ever, many began to slowly r ea l ize that they would not be w i lling to forfeit the country in which they had been living for so many years and began to express their desire to stay.
D
This decis ion all owed for many to form their own bus in e sses and work free l a nce with newf ound ind ep e ndence. The legal p r oc ed ures to form new firms 54 • TurkofAmerica
n at urally led to the birth of a new type of bus iness. Bus iness C e nter Dortmund prov ides legal, fin a nc ial, and cons u lting s e rv ices to those wishing to do b us iness in Germany. Of the 587,000 res idents of D o r tmund, 135,000 of them are of for eign descent. Of thes e , 33,000 have Turkish passports and of the 3500 busin e sses in D o r tmund, nearly 900 belong to for ei gners. The large number of for ei gners h i g hlights a need for cons u lting. The center, fou nded by lawyer E rsoy Sam, Cert if ied Financ ia l A dv isor Hakan Y›ld ›r›m, and consultant Zafer Aktafl, prov i-
ortmund- Almanya’ya göç eden Türkler, uzun y›llar iki ülke aras›nda ikil e mde kald›. Bir gün ülk eye dönme umudu hep var oldu. 1990’l› y›ll ar›nda bafl›nda Türkler yavafl yavafl yaflad›klar› topr a klardan vazgeç em eyecekl er inin fark›na vard›lar ve geri dönm eyecekler ini ifade etmeye bafllad›lar.
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Bu karar ifl hayat › nda kendi iflin i kurma ve serbest olarak çal›flma yolunu açt›. ‹fl kurm ada yaflanan yasal pros edürler de yeni ifl kollar›n›n do¤m as ›na ves ile oldu. Almanya’da ifl yapmak isteyenlerin yasal, mali ve dan›flmanl›k h i zm e tl er ini karfl›l amak üzere geçen y›l hizmete geçen Business Center Dortmund, iflad a mlar ›-
n›n yat ›r›m ve tic aret ile ilg ili yasal, mali ve dan › flmanl›k gib i önemli ihtiyaçlar ›n› karfl›l ›yor. Y a kl afl›k 587 bin nüf usa sah i p D o r tmund’ta 135 bin yab a nc › k ök e nli kifli yafl ›yor. Bunl ar › n 33 bini de Türk pas op o rtu tafl ›y a nlar. Sad ece Dortmund flehr i nde 3500 ifll e tme var ve bunl ar›n yakl afl›k 900’ü yab a nc›l ara ait. Yab a nc› say›s›n›n fazlal›¤› dan›flmanl›k ihtiy ac ›n› da do¤uruyor. Avukat Ersoy Sam, Yem i nli Mali Müflavir Hakan Y›ld ›r›m ve Dan›flman Zafer Aktafl taraf›ndan kurulan merkez, farkl› alanlarda uzmanlaflm›fl profesyonellerin birikimlerini bir çat› alt›nda müflte-
des needed serv ices to cust omers who rely on prof e ss i onal adv ice. SAM LAW FIRM The pioneer of the Dortmund B us iness Center is lawyer Ers o y Sam. Sam att e nded law school in Germany and while most lawyers at the time chose to specialize in resident ial, rental, or acc ident law, Sam decided instead to focus on trade law. There are thought to be about 1400 l a wyers of Turkish origin in Germany, how ever, the numb e r of those spec ia l ized in trade law is ext r emely low. Having fin i shed his law educ at ion in Bochum at Ruhr Univ e rsity, Sam states that in the first c ou ple of years of practicing law, trade was the least of his concerns and inst ead he worked with all sorts of cases, “At that t ime it was mand atory. Later on, trade bec ame more of an i mp o rtant area. In any way, when you are taking care of trials you have no time to focus on other things and ult im ately, it's not worth the time.” S i nce 2002 Sam has been working on the fed eral level in Germany and works with law off ices in ‹st a nbul, Antalya, Bursa, ‹zmir, Kayseri, Gazia ntep, and Ank ara. In Eur ope he works with Vie nna, Amsterdam, Paris, London and Brussels. AKTAfi LEE CONS U LT I N G Zafer Aktafl is the founder of Aktafl Lee Consulting, a firm that serves the Dortmund Bus iness Center under the umb r e ll a of cons u lting. He is an exp e r t on the iss ue of ent r e pr en eu r s and inc e nt ives for bus iness owners and consultants. Akt a fl ' s t a rget cons umer group cons i s t s of those bus in e s smen who want to come to Germany from Turkey for inv e s tment purp oses. From renting off ices to find i n g e m pl oy ees, market res earch to e ns uring rel at ions with cust omers, his firm offers adv ice and
services. Acc o rding to Akt a fl , m a rket res earch shows that 60 p e rcent of bus in e s smen in Germany find out about inc e nt iv e s only after forming a comp a n y . U nf o rt un ately, German offic ials don't offer inc e nt ives after a firm is form e d. A ktafl points out that it's oft e n d i ff icult to conv i nce bus in e s smen that cons u lting is a real job, “ T h ose who hear of the Bus iness Center und e r stand the lawyer and fin a ncial adv isor aspect but wonder what a cons u ltant is d oing there. How ever, when ever som e thing goes wrong, they rely on us to help them out.” F IN A NC IAL ADV ISOR The financial advisor of the Business Center, Hakan Y›ld›r›m is a business school graduate of Dortmund University. Having worked as a controller in the private sector upon graduating, Y›ld ›r›m dec ided to form his own business after working for the world-famous auditing firm Price Waterhouse Coopers for six years. He studied day and night for the financial advisor test and after passing it became a advisor in 2005. The number of Turkish financial advisors in the German state of NRW (wher e Dortmund is located), can barely be counted on one hand. Although it isn't held in as high esteem as law or medicine, the role of a financial advisor is becoming more and more important, acc o rding to Y›ld›r›m. The three partners not only work together but are also close friends. They know that many partnerships formed between Turks in Germany often don't last very long. The three friends believe that since they are involved in different areas of service, however, competition will be a non-issue in the future. They highlight the fact that more of this type of cooperation can only benefit the Turkish population of Germany.œ
riyle paylaflma imkan› sa¤l›yor. SAM HUKUK BÜROSU D o r tmund Bus iness Center’›n ilk ö nc üsü Avukat Ersoy Sam. Almanya’da hukuk dal › nda e¤itim g ören Türkler genelde oturum, kira, kaza, gibi alanl a rda avukatl›¤› seçerken, Ersoy Sam tic aret alan›nda uzmanl ›¤› seçmifl. A lm a nya gen el i nde yakl afl › k 1400 Türk avukat old u¤u tahmin edil iyor, ancak içlerinde tic aret hukukunda yo¤unlaflanlar›n say›s› az›nl › kta. B o chum’da Ruhr Üniv e rs it esi’nde hukuk e¤it im ini tamamlayan Sam, avukatl ›¤a ilk bafllad›¤› y›llarda her türlü dav aya bakt ›¤ ›n›, tic ari dav al ar›n arka planda kald ›¤›n› söylüyor. “O dön e mde bir zorunluluktu. Daha s o nra tic ari kon ular a¤›rl›k kaz a nd›. Zaten di¤er davalara bakt ›¤ ›n›zda kend in izi iflten alam ›yorsunuz ama harcad›¤›n›z zam ana de¤miyor” diyor. Uluslarar as› tic aret, flirk e tler, vergi, borçlar, rekabet ve ifl hukukunda Avukat Sam, Almanya’ya flirket kurmak için gelen ifladaml ar ›na ve Almanya’da tic aret ile u¤r aflan Türk ifladamlar›na hizmet sunuyor. Ünlü sanatç› Sezen Aksu’nun albümlerinin Almanya’da sat›fl›yla ilgili yaflanan bandrol anlaflmazl›¤›yla ilgili dava Sam’›n bakt›¤› davalardan biri. 2002 y›l›nda beri Almanya’da federal bazda hizmet veren Avukat Sam, Türk iye’de ‹st a nbul, Ankara, Bursa, ‹zmir, Kayseri, Gaziantep ve Antalya ill erinde ve Avr upa’da Viyana, Amsterdam, Paris, Londra ve Brüksel’de hukuk ofisleriyle birlikte çal›fl›yor ve müvekkiller ine uluslar ar as› alanda h i zmet veriyor. AKTAfi LEE DANIfiMANLIK D o r tmund Bus iness Center’da fl i rk e tl ere dan › flm a nl›k hizm eti v eren Aktafl Lee Dan › flm a nl › k fl i rk et inin kur uc usu Zafer Aktafl, gir iflim ve flirket dan › flm a nl ›¤› ile teflv i kler kon ul ar › nda uzman. Türkiye’den Almanya’ya y at ›r ›ma gelmek istey e nler Ak-
tafl’›n as›l hedef kitl esi. Müflteril ere ofis kir al am adan elem a n b ul u nm as›na, piy asa araflt›rmas › ndan müflt eri ba¤l a nt›lar› sa¤lamaya kadar de¤iflik kon ul a rd a h i zm e tler sun uyor. Aktafl, yap›lan araflt › rm alar ›fl›¤ › nda Almanya’daki iflad a ml ar ›n›n yüzde 60’›n›n flirket kurd u ktan sonra teflv i kl e rden hab e rdar old u¤ unu söyl üyor. Alman makamlar› da flirket kur ul ufl u ndan sonra teflvik verm iyor. A ktafl, ifladamlar ›na dan›flmanl›¤›n bir ifl olarak kabul ett i rm e kte zaman zaman zorland›klar›n› söylüyor. “Bus iness Center’› duyanlar, avukat ve mali müfl aviri anlad›k da dan›flman ne ifl yap›yor diye soruy o rlar. Ancak kötü bir tecrübeyle zarara u¤rad›klar›nda bize iht iyaç duy uyorlar” diyor. MAL‹ MÜfiAV‹R Mali müfl avir olarak Business Center’da yer alan Hakan Y›ld ›r›m, Dortmund Üniv e rs it esi iflletme mez unu. Üniv e rs ite sonr as› kont r olör olarak özel sekt ö rde çal ›flan Y›ld ›r›m, düny aca ünlü den etim firmas› Price Waterhouse Coopers’ta alt› y›l çal›flt›ktan sonra kendi iflini kurmak için yoll ar› ay›rd›. Gece günd ü z ç al ›fl›p gird i¤i mali müfl av i rlik s›n av ›n› kaz an›p 2005 y›l › nd a müfl avir oldu. Dortmund’un da ba¤l› bul u nd u¤u NRW eyal etinde Türk mali müfl avir say ›s› bir elin befl parma¤›n› zor geçiyor. Y › ld ›r›m, mali müfl av i rl i¤in avuk a tl›k ya da dokt o rluk kadar itibar görm ed i¤ ini ancak yav a fl y avafl önem inin artt ›¤ ›n› söylüyor. Üç ortak ayn› zam a nda da iyi ark ad a fllar. Alm a ny a ’ d a T ü r kler aras › nda kur ulan birliktel i kl erin fazla uzun sürm ed i¤inin fark › nd alar. Ancak üçü de b i rb iri ile rek abet etm ey ec e k alanda hizmet ett i kl eri için baflar ›l› olac a kl ar ›na inan ›yorlar. Bu flekl i yle Alm a nya’da bir ilk olan iflb i rl i¤ inin Alm a nya’da daha çok yayg›nlaflmas ›n›n Türk t o pl um unun yar ar ›na olaca¤ ›n › n alt ›n› çiz iy o rlar. œ TurkofAmerica • 55
TURAB‹ YILDIZ
TIP-TOP KNOWS HOW TO SHINE A CAR Nearly 300,000 cars with names like Ford, Mercedes, BMW, VW, and Audi pass through Tip Top's hands every year.
T‹P-TOP ARABAYI PARLATIYOR Araba üreticileri Ford, Mercedes, BMW, VW ve Audi markalar›n›n y›lda üretti¤i yaklafl›k 350 bin araba Tip Top’un elinden geçiyor.
uess- Turabi Y›ld›z had his first taste of trade as a child at his father's store in the Pül ümür district of Tunceli, located in the east of Turkey. He first went to Germany at the age of 19 and was unempl oyed for six months. He finally found a job at a cafe w h ere he made 20 marks a day for 13 hours of work. He next found a job at a firm which cleaned and put the last t ou ches on cars on their way to dealerships from the factory. He began to clean cars. This new job changed Turabi Y›ld›z's life for ever. Because of his determination, he managed to buy the company that he had begun working for. It was a small company, but enough to get him into the industry.
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uess- Tic aret hay at › yl a Tunceli’nin Pülümür ilç esind eki baba dükkan›nda tan›flt›. Almanya’ya ilk kez 19 yafl › nda ayak bast›. Alt› ay iflsiz kald›. Günlük 20 marka 13 saat çal ›fl aca¤› bir kahvede ifl buldu.
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Sonra fabrik adan ç›kan arabalar›n bayii l ere gönderilm eden önce son bak›m ve temizl i¤ inin yap › ld›¤› bir flirk e tte ifl buldu. Arab a t em i zl em eye bafll ad›. Yeni ifli genç Turabi Y›ld›z’›n kader in i de¤ifltirdi. Azmi sayesinde iflçi olarak girdi¤i flirketi alm ay› baflard›. Küçük bir flirketti ama ticarete at›lmak için yet e rl i ydi. Turabi Y›ld›z, merkezi Köln yak›nlar›ndaki Nuess flehr i nde olan “Tip-Top Auto Aufb ereitung” flirket i nde, halen 190’a yak›n çal›flan› ile sat›fl için piy asas›na girmeye haz›rlanan arabalar›n bak›m ve temizli¤ini yap›yor.
T oday Y›ld›z still owns “Tip-Top A uto Aufbereitung” in Nuess, a city located near Cologne. His c o mpany does the mai nt enance and cleaning on cars about to enter the market. He employs nearly 190 workers. N early 300,000 cars with names l ike Ford, Merc edes, BMW, VW, and Audi pass through Tip Top's hands every year, in 17 diff erent l oc ations from Munich to Achen, all of which serv ice cars on their way to car dealerships. In its sector, it employs the most people for non-tail o r - m ade work. The 39 year-old Y›ld›z summ ar izes his success by saying, “I thought like a German and worked l ike a Turk.” One reason behind autom ob ile servicing and cleaning being such an attractive market is that the country exports roughly six mill ion cars a year. Y›ld›z also high58 • TurkofAmerica
Araba üreticil eri Ford, Mercedes, BMW, VW ve Audi markal ar ›n›n y›lda ürett i¤i yakl afl›k 350 bin araba Tip Top’un elinden geçiyor. Münih’ten Achen’a kadar 17 de¤ iflik yerde piyasaya girmeden arabalar›n bak›m ve temizlik ifller ini yapan Tip Top, sektöründe fason iflçi çal›flt›rmadan en fazla ist i hdam sa¤l ayan flirket. 39 yafl›nd aki genç patron Turabi Y›ld›z, bafl ar ›s ›n› “Alman gib i düflündüm, Türk gibi çal›flt›m” diye özetl iyor.
Turabi Y›ld›z employs nearly 190 Turabi Y›ld›z 190 kifliye istihdam workers. sa¤l›yor.
Oto bak›m ve temizl eme iflinin Almanya’da cazip bir pazar olmas ›n›n arkas›nda yatan ana neden ise ülk enin y›lda alt› mily on a yak›n otom otiv ihraç ediyor olmas›. Y›ld›z, Almanlar›n araba-
lights the extreme care that Germans give their cars. Having done market research on other European countries, the young businessman states that there isn't act ually any more potential in G e rmany. The reason behind Tip Top's expansion is related m ore to the bidding in the aut om ob ile servicing industry that it has involved in since 1999. Every successful bid has been a reason for greatly inc r e ased business. Y › ld›z also wanted to evaluate his investments in the autom ob ile s e ctor by entering diff erent areas. He inv e sted in the marble and gastronomy industries. He learned, however, that being successful meant focusing mainly on one a r ea. He now wants to enter new investments only if rel ated to his c u rrent business. If you have doubts about whether cleaning cars can be a business”, then you would be wrong. That work has its own subtl eties. Tip Top gives all new employees an 8-week training.
NEW INVESTMENTS Y›ld›z bought a new 10,000 square-meter property near Cologne one and a half years ago and currently offers car painting and drying services. He provides nearly 50 people with employment at the f ac ility and plans on painting 100,000-150,000 cars per year. Stating that his goal is to develop a project with Do¤ufl and Otosan car companies in Turkey, Y›ld›z is currently conducting a study at Otosan's factory in Kocaeli. A father of three children, Y›ld›z's closest colleague at Tip Top is Suat Yalk›n. Yalk›n came to Germany when he was nine and studied economics in Dortmund. He states that they mai nt ain an excellent reput at ion within the market and that Top Top has grown by 13 percent per year. He att r ibutes this success to good t ea mwork and a healthy comb inat ion of the best aspects of German and Turkish cult ure in the bus iness environment. œ
lar ›na olan düflkünlü¤ü de dikkat çekiyor. Di¤er Avr upa ülk elerinde de piy as aya araflt›rm as › y apan genç patron, Alm a ny a ’ d aki bir potans iyel olm ad ›¤›n› söylüyor. Tip Top’un büy üm esi ise 1999 y›l › ndan itib aren kat›lm aya bafllad›¤› oto bak›m ihal el eri. Kazan›lan her yeni ihale iflin patl amas ›na ves ile oldu. Y › ld›z, otom otiv sekt ör ü nd ek i bir ik i ml er ini farkl› sekt ö rl ere de g ir erek de¤ e rl e nd i rmek ist ed i . M e rmer ve gastronomi ifline girdi. Ancak baflar ›l› olm an›n bir iflte yo¤ u nl a flm a ktan geçt i¤ inin ö ¤r e ndi. fiimdi ancak mevc u t i fl i yle ba¤lant ›l› olursa yeni yat ›r›mlara girme niy et i nde. “ A r aba tem i zl em e kte ifl mi?” diye düfl ünüyors an›z yan ›l›yors unuz. O iflin de inc elikl eri var. Tip Top her yeni elemana 8 hafta süren bir e¤itim ver iyor. YEN‹ YATIRIM Köln yak › nlar›nda yaklafl›k 1,5
y›l önce 10 bin metr ek ar elik bir a rsa alan Y›ld›z, kurd u¤u yeni t es i ste araba boy ama ve kurutma hizm eti de ver iyor. Y›ld a 100-150 bin aras› arab an›n boy as ›n› yapm ay› planl ayan Y›ld›z, yeni tes i ste de yakl afl›k 50 k ifl iye ist i hdam sa¤l ›yor. H ed ef inin Türk iy e ’ d eki Do¤ u fl ve Otosan’la proje gel i flt i rm e k o ld u¤ unu söyl eyen Y›ld›z, Otosan’›n Koc a el i ’ d eki fabr ik as › nda bir çal › flma yür üt üy o r . Üç çocuk babas› Y›ld›z’›n TipTop’daki en yak›n çal›flma arkadafl› ise Suat Y›lmam. Dokuz yafl›nda Almanya’ya gelen ve Dortmund’da ekonomi okuyan Yalk›n, piyasada çok iyi bir isimleri oldu¤una dikkat çekiyor, Tip Top’un y›lda yüzde 13 büyüdü¤ünü vurguluyor. Baflar›lar›n› ise çok iyi bir tak›m çal›flmas›na, Alman ve Türklerin sahip oldu¤u iyi yanlar› ifldünyas›nda birlefltirmelerine ba¤l›yor.œ
Y›ld›z's closest colleague at Tip Y›ld›z’›n Tip Top’taki yak›n Top is Suat Y›lmam. çal›flma arkadafl› Suat Y›lmam.
TurkofAmerica • 59
ESBAS
ESBAfi ATTRACTS CHINESE COMPANIES Chinese government has recently selected ESBAfi Industrial Park as one of the “Top 40 Free Trade Zones” in the world to be invested by Chinese Enterprises. he Aegean Free Zone, Turkey's first production-based f r ee zone is alr eady being rec o gnized as bus iness models for dev el oping count r ies. With 17 years of history, the company hopes to be operating at full cap acity by the year 2012 with 35,000 employees working in s ome 500 ind u st r ial comp anies. The target is an ann ual trade volume of 5 bill ion US dollars. The other aim of ESBAfi is to b ec ome one of the best techno parks in the world attracting c o mp an ies from the USA to China. How ever Chin ese gov e r nment has recently sel e cted ESBAfi Indust r ial Park as one of the “Top 40 Free Trade Zones” in the world to be invested by Chinese Enterprises. yerine Kaya Tuncer, Founder and Chairman of ESBAfi answ ered TURK OF AM ER ICA’s que stions.
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Gen erally Turkey’s ind u s t r y heartland has developed between Adapazari-Corlu, west of Istanbul. Beside Izmir’s historical importance, the city is not very attractive to foreign investors. As an ‹zmir based company, ESBAfi has a mission to attract more companies. What do you think the future of Izmir and what will you do for the City? The sub-municipality of Gaziemir where the zone is located in Izmir, has experienced a great development in parallel to ESBAfi’ growth. There are now three major supermarkets and numer ous car sales showr ooms. The one story village type houses have been replaced by eight story mid-rise apartment buildings. There are new schools, med ical fac il ities, parks and other amenities. About half of the worker popu60 • TurkofAmerica
Kaya Tuncer, Founder and Chairman of ESBAfi.
lation of the zone lives in Gaziemir. When one cons iders that today’s workers in the zone earn some $75 million per year, the impact of this income is very important to the surrounding region. We hope that we can reach to our ultimate capacity of 35,000 workers soon. With this, the impact of incomes, local purchase of goods and services will surpass hundreds of millions of dollars and play a very important role in the lives of the population of the region.
The Aegean Free Zone and ESBAfi have demonstrated that the private sector can be very e ff e ct ive in developing and operating industrial parks. We hope to make Izmir a center for hi-tech manufacturing including clusters in aerospace and avia t ion, in aut om otive manufacturing and innovation, among other sectors. With its u n iv e rs it ies, trade schools, ports and other logistics amenities, Izmir is an excellent candidate for manufact uring and tourism.
The foreign comp an ies like H ugo Boss, Delphi Pack a r d , Eldor, and PFW are operating in ESBAfi Free Zone. You are in competition with the other free zones to attractive foreign investors. What is the reason that these foreign inv e st o r s prefer to operate in your zone, instead of the others? The Aegean Free Zone has a p r ime bus iness loc at ion: the crossroads of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Middle-East. Nestled into the outskirts of the city of Izmir, Turkey’s third-largest city and the largest exporting seaport, ESBAfi offers state-ofthe-art infrastructure, attractive financial incentives and an exceptional quality of life for western executives and their families. It is impossible to overstate ESBAfi’s desirability as a logistics hub. Companies operating in ESBAfi enjoy substantial tax advantages and fin a nc ial inc e nt ives. Manufacturing companies are exempt from corp orate tax; earnings and revenues can be freely transferred; there is no VAT on Turkish goods and services for ESBAfi companies; there are no duties or tariffs for g oods imp o rted into ESB A fi from abroad; imports can remain in ESBAfi without time limitations; direct sales are allowed to Turkey; there are no limits on the proportion of capital participation in the zone by foreign companies. What is your opinion about Turkey’s future political period stability to reflection your business? The Aegean Free Zone—Turkey's first prod u ction-based free zone—hopes to be operating at full capacity by the year
WHAT ESBAfi HAVE • ESBAfi has long stressed industrial security. ESBAfi staffed by its own industrial security of 40 uniformed officers who patrol the zone, 24/7. • The zone also has customs and police services at the entry gates and its own fire department. • The ESBAfi Technology Center’s 250-seat conference room offers simultaneous translation, multi-media and teleconferencing capabilities. • The ESBAfi Concert & Sports facilities offer both indoor and outdoor venues. • The Child Care Center has 16 classrooms for as many as 150 children from 45 days to 6 years old. • The Medical/Dental Clinic, staffed by four physicians including an internist and an emergency-room specialist, a dentist and three nurses is open Monday through Friday. • The ESBAfi food services includes a state of the art industrial kitchen capable to serve 15,000 meals 24/7, two cafeterias, each serving 200-300 persons at noon, a modern restaurant with 200 seats, and a member of food kiosks spread-out throughout the zone. • The Antique Car Museum, a pleasant diversion for visitors and busy executives, has 18 rare, mint-condition automobiles. • The ESBAfi Sculpture Garden features sculptures made of scrap metal pieces from various manufacturing companies in the Zone. • Space Camp Turkey where young people from many nations come together, offers programs that combine science education, fun, and friendship. Some 64,000 youth visited the camp since its opening in year 2000, with over 6000 of them benefiting from its 6 day programs. 2012 with 35,000 employees working in some 500 industrial companies that either use or produce advanced technology. The target is an annual trade volume of 5 billion US dollars. Electronics, automotive parts, mach inery, text il e s / g a rm e n t s , food packaging, IT, and aviation are our main target sectors. Until now we have been able to a ttract int e rn ationally-known companies. Some of these firms—all in the manufacturing sector—are: Eldor Electronics Italy, Delphi Packard and Delphi Diesel - USA, McCormick - UK, Hugo Boss - Germany, PFW - Germany and Lisi – France. Already the foremost free zone in Turkey, ESBAfi’s aim is to become one of the best techno parks in the world attracting companies from the USA to China. To achieve this effective incentives for investment have to be put in place, or to be ree st a blished. Both middl e - e a s-
What are the advantages of the system? B us iness cluster is a geo graphic concent r at ion of int e rconnected b us in e sses, suppl iers, and ass oc i ated inst it ut ions in a part ic ul a r f ield. Clusters are consid ered to i nc r e ase the prod u ct ivity with which comp an ies can comp et e , n at i onally and globally. In order to reach the benefits and to attract FDI we are working on clustering projects for ESBAfi Ind u st r ial Park. The target cluster sectors are Aerospace, Aviation, Avionics, Automotive, Electronics and Machinery. We are working in collaboration with universities and NGO’s from Izmir. ESBAfi has recently selected as one of the “Top 40 Free Trade Zones” in the world to be invested by Chinese Enterprises. Can you give some information abut this? Chinese government has recently selected ESBAfi Industri-
al Park as one of the “Top 40 Free Trade Zones” in the world to be invested by Chinese Enterprises. ESBAfi will receive its award in “1st Int e rnational CEO Roundtable of Chinese and Foreign Multinational Corporations” which will be held in Beijing on November 16-18, 2007. ESBAfi has conducted an intensive marketing and business development program in China in the recent years. ESBAfi liaison office has been operating in Beijing since 2004. We are sister zones with Shangai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone and Tianjin Airport Industrial Park. We believe that to be selected as one of the Top 40 Free Trade Zones to be invested by Chin ese ent e rp r ises and ESBAfi’ ongoing marketing programs in China will attract Chinese companies to the ESBAfi Industrial Park soon. œ
tern countries and European countries provide interesting financial incentives to attract foreign direct investment Turkey has to become a strong player for attracting FDI. If this does not happen, we at ESBAfi will have difficulty fulfilling our goals. Economic and political, and, if I might add bureaucratic stability, are the key elements in attracting FDI to any country. We hope Turkey will succeed in there. What are the first three reasons for companies to choose your zone? 1- ESBAfi performance record over the years. 2- Availability of modern infrastructure and services provided by ESBAfi. 3Qualified and eager labor and management in Izmir and the city’s strategic location. Could you tell us about business cluster system in ESBAfi? TurkofAmerica • 61
INTEGRATION
IMMIGRATION WITH OR WITHOUT INTEGRATION o matter with whom you talk in Germany, in all walks of life the topic inevitably turns to the issue of integr at ion. In every city integration parliaments have formed with the aim of improving the exp er ience of i nt e grat ion for imm i gr a n t s struggling with the process. If fact, the government of the state of North Rhine Westphalia employs an integration minister to serve the needs of the imm i grant population, a large percentage of which is Turkish in origin. The minister, Armin Laschet of the Christian Democr atic Party, is in charge of finding solutions for problems related to integration. No matter how much off icial channels attempt to solve problems related to this iss ue, Turkish civil society represent at ives continue to harbor suspicion towards the policies being implemented. T a yfun Keltek, who is the Pres ident of the Col o gne Int e gration Parliament and the North Rhin e Westphalia (KRW) state's Imm i grant Parl i aments' Union ( L AGA), argues that the off ic ia l G e rman view is that Turks must ass im il ate, not integrate, to the land they live in. “Turks cou l d bend over backwards to be acc e pted, but unless the Germans allow for int e gration, it can not h a ppen,” he states. K e ltek complains that Islam is seen as an arm of immigration and that the media hypes up neg at ive news reg a rding imm i grants. “A Turk who has become an Amer ican is comf o rtably called an American after 10 years, for example. How ever, in Germany, even if a Turk is a cit iz e n , no matter how much time has p a ssed, they are still called Germans of Turkish origin.”
UYSAKTA MI YAfiASAK, UYMASAK DA MI?
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REMZI UYSAL A n o ther representat ive of civil s oc iety working to imp r ove the 64 • TurkofAmerica
nuyor. “Göçmenler a¤›zlar›yla kufl dahi tutsalar, Almanlar müsade etmedi¤i sürece uyum mümkün de¤il” diyor. ‹slam dininin göçmenli¤in bir kolu gibi de¤erlendirildi¤inden flikayet eden Keltek, medyada özellikle göçmenlerle ilgili negatif haberlerin çok büyütüldü¤ünü söylüyor. “ABD’de vatandafl olan bir Türke, 10 y›l sonunda herkes rah a tl › kla Amerikal› diyebilir. Ancak Almanya’da vatandafl olsa dahi aradan ne kadar geçerse geçsin Türk kökenli Alman vatandafl› diye adland›r›l›yor.” A representat ive of civil society working Lübeck’te uyum konusunda çaba in Lübeck to improve the immigrat ion harcayan sivil toplum temsilcilerinden process for foreigners is Remzi Uysal. biri Remzi Uysal.
immigrat ion process for foreigners is Remzi Uysal, who lives in L u ebeck and works on behalf of the 5600 Turks that live in this small and quaint town. Having formed an assoc ia t ion in 1989 and since then been active in iss ues reg a rding Turks, Uysal was at the for e front of a 10,000 person-strong march cond u cted in resp o nse to the brutal attack and m u rder of a number of Turks in G e rmany in 1992. H aving worked in Luebeck for 30 years in order to encourage Turks' active involvement in soc ial issues, “If a Turk lives like a G e rman, acts like a German, and has the same perspect ive on l ife as a German, then this person is cons id ered to be a Turk that has integrated. If this person deviates from that model, he is cons id ered to be maladjusted and cult urally far from the country he is living in,” he says. Uysal is also the first European Turk to take the issue of immigrant Turks voting in Turkish nat i onal elections to the court system. The trial is still ongoing.œ
lmanya’da hangi kesimden insanla konuflursan›z kon uflu n, kon unun bir flek i lde uyum konusuna gelmesi kaç›n › lmaz. Yafl ad›klar› topl uma entegre olmada yaflad›klar› s›k›nt›lar aflmak için göçmenlerin her flehrinde uyum meclisleri var. Hatta Türklerin yo¤unlukla yaflad›¤› Kuzey Ren Vestfalya eyal eti hük üm etinde bir uyum bakan› bile görevli. Hristiyan Demokrat Partili Bakan Armin Laschet göçm e nlerin e y al e tteki sor u nlar ›n› çözüp uyumu sa¤lamakla görevli.
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Her ne kadar resmi kurumlar vas›tas›yla uyumsuzluk giderilmeye çal›fl›lsa da, Türk sivil toplum temsilcileri uygulanan politikalarla uyumun sa¤layaca¤› konusunda flüpheli. K uzey Ren Vestf a lya (KRV) eyaleti Göçmen Meclisleri Birli¤i (LAGA) ve Köln Uyum Meclisi Baflkan› Tayfun Keltek, Alman resmi gör üfl ünün Türkler’den yaflad › kl ar› topluma uyum sa¤lamalar›n› de¤il asimile olmalar›n› istedi¤ini savu-
REMZ‹ UYSAL A lm a nya’n›n küçük kas ab alar › ndan 5600 Türkün yafl ad ›¤› L übeck’te uyum kon us u nd a çaba harcayan sivil toplum t e ms i lc il er i nden biri de Remzi Uysal. 1989 y›l›nda kurd u¤u d e rnek ile aktif olarak Türkl erin tems i lc ili¤ ini üstlenen Uysal, 1992 y›l›nda ›rkç› bir sald ›r› ned eniyle öldürülen Türkler için 10 bin kifl inin kat › ld ›¤› bir yür üy üflün önc ül ü¤ ün ü y a pt›. Türkleri sosyal konularda aktif hale getirmek için Lübeck’te 30 y›la yak›n süredir çaba harcayan Uysal, “E¤er bir Türk, Alman gibi yafl›yor, Alman gibi davran›yor ve onlar gibi bir hayat görüflüne sahip oluyorsa, bu uyum sa¤lam›fl bir Türk olarak alg›lan›yor. Aksi durumda u y u msuz, yaflad›¤› topluma uzak biri olarak de¤erlendiriliyor” diye konufluyor. Avrupa’da yaflayan Türklerin, Türkiye’deki genel seçimlerde oy kullanabilmesi için de çaba harcayan Uysal, konuyu Türkiye’de mahkeme salonlar›na tafl›yan ilk Avrupal› Türk. Dava hala devam ediyor. œ
TAV AIRPORTS
TAV AIRPORTS WINK AT THE WORLD
President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (in white suit), President of Republic Tunusie with Sani fiener, (second at left) TAV Airports President & CEO at ground breaking ceremony in Tunusie.
TAV HAVAL‹MANLARI DÜNYAYA GÖZ KIRPIYOR ot too long ago, just ten years in fact, the man ag ement of airports in Turkey was u nder the control of the stat e . The cold gray walls of the airport was characteristic of a struct ure obv i ously far from g l obal standards and unable to c o mp ete. In 1997, acc o rding to the “Bui l d - M anage-Transfer” model, the Ist a nbul Atat ü r k A i rport was bid on for priv at e m an ag ement. Under the pio n e ering init iative of two imp o rt a n t c o mp an ies Tepe and Akf e n , TAV was formed and left nin e o ther firms in the dust with its w i nning bid, thus init i ating a new adv e nt ure for the company.
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A fter assuming the man ag ement of the Dom e stic and Int e rn at i onal Term inals of the Istanbul A t atürk Airport, TAV Airl in e s H o lding also took over man ag ement of Izmir's Adnan Mend e68 • TurkofAmerica
res Airport's Int e rn at i onal Term inals, Ank ara's Esenb o¤a Dom e stic and Intern at i onal Term inals, and Ant a lya's Gaz ip afl a Airport. Outside of Turk e y , TAV overs ees the airports of T i flis and Bat umi in Georg ia and Tun is ia's Mon a stir and Enf i dha Int e rn at i onal Airp o r t s . H aving most recently laid the f ou nd at ions for the North Afr ican hub airport of Enf i dha in T un is ia, TAV plans to invest 400 mill ion Euro in the first p h ase and will open the Airport to int e rn at i onal travel in 2009. TAV Airports' Holding Exec utive Board Pres ident and CEO S ani fiener spoke with TURK OF AM ER ICA about TAV's 10y ear adv e nt ur e . TAV's expansion within the past 10 years has developed with dizzying speed. Can you give us a brief history of TAV's founding?
ok de¤il 10 y›l önc esine kadar Türkiye’de hav al im an› ifll e tm ec il i¤i devlet kontrolünd e ydi. Hav al im a nl ar› so¤uk gri renkli duv a rl ar›n ard › nda düny a standartlar › ndan uzak ve rek abet edemez hald e ydi. O y›l Yap ‹fllet Devret mod eli ile ihal eye ç›kan ‹st a nbul Atatürk Hav al im an›, Türkiye’nin önde gelen iki flirk eti Tepe ve Akfen önc ül ü¤ünde kur ulan TAV’›n 9 firmay› ger ide b›r a km as › yla tar ih i nd e yeni bir ser üv ene yelken açt›.
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‹st a nbul Atatürk Hav al im an› ‹ç ve D›fl Hatlar’›n ifll e tm es i nden s o nra, TAV Hav al im a nl ar› Holding, Türkiye’de ‹zmir Adnan Mend eres Hav al im an› D›fl Hatlar Term in ali, Ank ara Esenb o¤ a ‹ç ve D›fl Hatlar Term in ali ve A nt a lya Gaz ipafla Hav aa l an›’n›n yurtd ›fl › nda ise Gürc i stan’da Tiflis ve Batum, Tunus’ta Mon a stir ve Enf i dha Ulusl ar a-
ras› Hav al im a nl ar›’n›n ifll e tm elerini üstlendi. Son olarak Kuzey Afrika’n›n turizm merk ezi Tun u s ’ t aki Enf i dha Hav al iman›’n›n tem el ini atan TAV, ifll e tm es ini üstl enec e¤i ve ilk fazda yaklafl›k 400 milyon Euro yat ›r›m yap ac a¤› Enf i dha Hav al iman›’n› 2009 y›l › nda ifll e tm ey e açmay› planl ›yor. TAV Hav al im a nl ar› Holding ‹cra Kur ul u Baflk an› ve CEO’su Sani fiener, TAV’›n 10 y›ll›k ser üv en in i TURK OF AMER ICA’ya anl a tt›: TAV’›n büyüme hikayesi adeta son 10 y›lda bafl döndürücü bir h›zla gerçekleflti. TAV’›n kurulufl tarihçesinden bahseder misiniz? TAV, Türkiye'nin önde gelen iki flirketinin, Tepe ve Akfen'in b i rl e flm es i yle kuruldu. Tam amen devletin elinde olan bir sektörde bu baflar›y› elde edebilmek hayaldi o tarihlerde. Biz bu vizyonla 11 firman›n kat›ld›¤› bir ihaleye girdik. Teklif konusu iflletme süresiydi. "Bu kadar paray› bulurum, bu kadar inflaat› bitiririm, iflletip size flu kadar y›l sonra devrederim" demek gerekiyordu. 10 firma ihalede y›l ve ay verdiler. Bir tek TAV gün hanesini de doldurarak üç y›l, sekiz ay, 20 gün fleklinde teklif verdi ve 10 gün farkla ihaleyi ald›. TAV'›n y›ld›z›n›n parlad›¤› an olarak gördü¤ünüz olay ya da y›l hangisiydi? A t atürk Hav al im an› D›fl Hatl a r Term in ali’nin Yap ‹fllet Devr e t ihal es inin 2005 y›l › nda yenil e nm es i ydi. $2.5 milyar tekl i fle 15,5 y›l sür e yle hav al im an›n›n i fll e tme hakk ›n› kaz a nm as› TAV’›n yen iden do¤ uflu ve bugünlere gel ifl inin ilk ad›m ›d›r. TAV 10 y›l gibi son derece k›sa bir sürede bölgesel marka haline geldi. Bunda en önemli etken ise uluslararas› ihalelerde kazand›¤› baflar›l› projelere att›¤› imzalar oldu. TAV Havalimanlar› Holding, 2006 y›l›nda halka arz› ile bilinirli¤inin en üst noktaya tafl›d›.
TAV was formed from the union of two of Turkey's most important companies, Tepe and Akfen. In those days, ach i eving success in a sector so dominated by the s t ate was merely a dream. With this vis ion, we entered a bidding process and joined eleven other firms. The bidding issue was the d ur ation of the management. We had to say, “We can find X amount of money, we can employ Y a m ount of people, and we can m an age and give it back to you in Z amount of years.” Ten firms gave their proposed time in terms of years and days. Only TAV act ually gave a figure down to the day: three years, eight months, 20 days. We won the bid with a 10-day diff erence. What do you see as TAV's biggest success? That would probably be Atatürk Airport's Int e rn at i on a l Term inal's “Bui l d - M an ageT r a n sfer” bid, which was ren ewed in 2005. With a 2.5 bill io n o ffer TAV won the rights to man age the airport for 15.5 years m ore. This sign aled TAV's rebirth and the first step towards the dev el o pments that have brought us to where we are today. W i thin the past 10 years, TAV has come to be known as a reg i onal brand. The most imp o rtant factor in that is its success with projects won through int e rn at i onal bids. TAV Airports H o lding was at the top of its s e rv ice in 2006 in terms of its s e rv ice to the public and inc r e ase of name rec o gn it io n . The first thing tourists who come to Turkey through Ankara, I zmir, or Ist a nbul see are the a i rports you have constructed and now man age. What are the
respons ib il it ies or dut ies that c ome with showc asing the rep ut at ion of a country's? The quality of its bui ldings reflect the strength of the airport. D oing airport man ag ement inv o lves int r od ucing our country to others and that carries a responsib ility of repr es e nt at ion. A s ide from our the prest ige that c omes with that, an airport repr esents the face that Turkey is s h owing to the world and thus n ec e ss itates a very demanding p h il osophy towards man ag ement pract ices. In terms of the t h r ee large airports that we man age in Turkey, both the eff e ct ive outer arch it e ct ure and the given serv ices based on a highly d i sc i pl ined work style have cont r ib uted to the high level of trust p eo ple feel towards TAV. The s u ccess of TAV's bidding on both Turkish and for eign airports is most strongly ind ic ated by our year 2000 goal of “10 a i rports in 10 years.” What are some cou nt r ies in which you esp ec ially want to i nvest in your quest to bec om e a reg i onal power? We think that we have brought know-how and success to our airport manag ement projects in the Middle East, North Afr ic a , former Sov iet states, and the Cau c asus. By upholding our most important value in airport man ag ement and creating dynamic and sec ure infrastructure, we are taking steps towards fut ure projects. In the coming period, we wish to enter the markets of E a stern Eur ope and Asia . TAV owns eleven firms in various sectors. Doesn't activity in so many different sectors lead to a loss of focus on the business at hand?
SANI fiENER Engineer Dr. M. Sani fiener was born in 1955. fiener did his undergraduate studies at the Faculty of Engineering at Karadeniz Technical University (1977); he attended Sussex University in England for graduate studies in engineering (1979). He continues to serve as the CEO of TAV Airports Holding Company.
SAN‹ fiENER Dr. Yük. Müh. M. Sani fiener 1955 y›l›nda do¤du. fiener, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi’nde lisans e¤itimi (1977); ‹ngiltere, Sussex Üniversitesi’nde mühendislik alan›nda yüksek lisans e¤itimi gördü. (1979) TAV Havalimanlar› Holding’in CEO’su görevini yürütüyor.
Türkiye’ye havayoluyla Ankara, ‹zmir ya da ‹stanbul’dan giren turistler ilk önce sizin yapt›¤›n›z ve iflletti¤iniz havalimanlar›n› görüyor. Ülkenin prestijini birebir temsil etmenin size yükledi¤i görev ve sorumluluklar nelerdir? H av al im a nl ar› temsil yet en e¤ i yüksek bin alar. Hav al im an› iflletm ec il i¤i yapmak bize bir anlamda ülk em izin tan ›t ›m› anl am›nda da bir temsil sor u ml ul u¤u yükl üyor. Bu kendi prest ij im izin yan› s›ra Türk iye’nin düny aya aç›lan yüzü olarak hav al im a nl ar› kon us u nda da çok tit i z bir çal › flma yap › lmas ›n› ger e kt iriyor. Türk iye’de ifll e tmesini g e rç e kleflt i rd i¤ imiz üç büy ü k h av al im an› hem d›fl gör ün üflü ile etk il ey ici bir mim ar iye sah i p hem de verilen hizm e tl e rde dis i pl i nli bir çal › flma izl ey er e k TAV’a duy ulan güv eni de bofla ç›k a rm ›yor. TAV’›n yurtd ›fl› ve y u rt içi gird i¤i ihalel e rde kaz an ›lan yeterl ilik, “10 y›lda 10 hav al im an›” hed ef i nde 2000 y›l › nd a n bu yana geld i¤i nokta bunun en b üyük göst e rg esidir. Bölgesel güç olma yolunda özellikle yat›r›m yapmak istedi¤iniz ülkeler hangileri? O rt ad o¤u, Kuzey Afr ika, Ba¤›ms›z Devletler Topl ul u¤u ve K a fk a slar’da, hav al im an› ifll e tm ec il i¤ i nd eki know-how’› tafl ›y arak bafl ar ›l› ifllere imza att ›¤ ›m ›z› düfl ü nm e kteyiz. Hav al im an› ifll e tm ec il i¤ i nde en yüksek de¤ eri yar at arak din amik ve sa¤lam alty ap ›m › zla gelecek proj elerin ad›ml ar›n› at›y oruz. Bundan sonr aki sür e çte hed e fl edi¤ imiz bölg eler içer isine Do¤u Avr upa ve Asya’y› da ekl iy oruz. TAV de¤iflik sektörlerde 11 flirkete sahip. Farkl› sektörlerde faaliyet gösteriyor olmak ifl kon-
santrasyonunun da¤›lmas›na neden olmuyor mu? TAV Havalimanlar› Holding, haval im an› iflletm ec ili¤ i nd eki baflar›s›n›n en büyük etkenlerinden birisi farkl› nitelikteki ifl kollar›na sahip olmas›. Bu konsantrasyon da¤›l›m› yerine tam tersi bir uyum getiriyor. En büyük gücümüzü insan kaynaklar›ndan al›yoruz. fiirkette kendi insan kayna¤›m›z› kendimiz yarat›yoruz bu kiflilere e¤iterek ve ifl tecrübesi ile donatarak uluslararas› alanda kazan›lan di¤er projelerde üst görevler vererek b i lgi tecr üb es ini yine flirk ete kazand›r›yoruz. Ayr›ca yapt›¤›n›z iflin uluslararas› nitelikte olmas› dünyada iflinde en iyilerle çal›flma imkan› veriyor. Bu profesyonellik sizi koordinasyonu mükemmel bir organizasyon birl i kt el i¤ ine götürüyor. Farkl› k›talarda çal›flanlar bilgi network paylafl›m› ile birbirlerinin ifl süreçlerine katk›da bulunuyorlar. Yani yatay ve dikey bir ifl ak›fl› ile süreçler birlikte iflliyor. Ayr›ca unutmamak gerekir ki bu ifl kollar›n›n her biri birbiriyle entegre. ABD’de havaalan› iflletmesini üstlenen Port Authority'ler (her ne kadar özel flirket olmasalar da) ayn› zamanda yol ve liman iflletmecili¤ini de üstlenebiliyor. Siz tafl›mac›l›¤›n di¤er alanlar›na ilgi duyuyor musunuz? TAV Hav al im a nl ar› Holding o l arak hav al im an› iflletm ec il i¤ inin içinde bul unan tüm alanl a rda ulusl ar ar as› bütün ihal el eri takip ediy oruz. Düny an›n en b üyük iki uçak üret ic isinin son z am a nl a rd aki rap o rl ar›n› inc el ed i¤ im i zde uçak ve yolcu say›l ar › nda ciddi bir art›fl var. Anc a k d ü ny ad aki hav al im a nl ar ›na b a kt ›¤ ›n›zda bu potansiy eli karTurkofAmerica • 69
TAV AIRPORTS
11 COMPANIES TAV Airports Holding employs 11,000 people and has 11 companies. They also have business arms involved in airport management such as ground services, operating services, customs-free retail, eating-drinking, data processing, and security services. They serve nearly 300 airlines and 285,000 flights yearly in their role as managers, and serve roughly 27 million passengers. The following are part of TAV Airports Holding: TAV Istanbul, TAV Izmir, TAV Esenbo¤a, TAV Operating Services, TAV Data Processing, TAV Private Security, ATÜ, BTA, Havafl, TAV Georgia (Batumi and Tiflis), and TAV Tunisie (Monastir and Enfidha). One of the main reasons for TAV Airports Holding's success is due precisely to the inv o lv ement of the company in so many diff erent areas. Rath e r than causing a loss of conc e nt r at ion, it inst ead ach i eves the p r ec ise opp os ite by bringing a c e rt ain kind of harmony. We take the bulk of our strength from h uman cap ital. We create our own human res ou rces in the c o mpany by educ ating our empl oy ees and prov iding them with work exp er ience. We are then a ble to promote them to new p r ojects, thus further strengt h ening the company. Moreover, m ai ntaining int e rn at i onal standards ens ures the possibility to work with the best in the world. This prof e ss ionalism paves the way to coo rd in at ion and creat e s a fin e - t uned org an iz at ion. Peo ple working on diff erent cont inents are able to share skills and cont r ib ute to the working life of k n o wl e dge networks so there is a constant lateral and vert ic a l flow of business. In add it ion, it is imp o rtant not to forget that t h ese bus iness arms are all int e gr ated with one another. In the US the Port Authority ( t h ough not a private enterprise) is not only in charge of airports but also road and ports. Have you expressed interest in other areas of transportation? As TAV Airports Holding, we f o llow all developments in the a r ena of intern at i onal airport transport at ion bidding. When we examine the recent reports of the two largest airplane produ70 • TurkofAmerica
cers in the world, we see that there has been a serious increase in the numbers of planes and pass e ngers. How ever, upon looking at the airports in the world, we also see that there are ser i ous que st ions in relat ion to this potential. As airport managers and profess i onals, we follow all the bidding that goes on in this sector in the world. We want to carry our know-how from our TAV-managed airports to new airports that we would like to manage. TAV airports prov ide serv ic e s to an aver age of 27 mill ion passengers. When you comp are yours e lves to comp et itors abr oa d in your cat egory, what do you think the place of TAV is in Eur ope and the world? We man age four airports in Turkey and at the present tim e we have two in Geo rg ia (Tifl i s and Bat umi). From the new year on we will be man aging the airport in Mon a stir, Tun is ia and w i thin two years will open the Enf i dha airport in Tun is ia , which will bring the airport count abr oad to four. Our bigg e s t a dv a ntage is that we are inv o lved in diff erent arms of airport man ag ement. There is no oth e r c o mp et itor that can prov id e such services to this extent in Turkey or abr oad, for that matter. How ever, in a market that has such a large pot e nt ial new p l ayers are inevit a ble. TAV doesn't see these new comp et it o r s as a barrier to our prof it ab ility or desire to enl a rge; instead we see it as a posit ive dev elopment in terms of our expans io n .œ
TAV Airports Members of Board TAV Havalimanlar› Holding are together at Edfidha ground yönetim kurulu üyeleri Enfidha breaking Ceremony. Temel Atma Töreni’nde birarada.
fl›l an ab il ec e¤i kon us u nda sor u iflaretleri var. Biz de haval im an› iflletm ec il i¤ind eki uzmanl›¤›m›zla bu alanda düny ad aki tüm ihal el eri takip ediy oruz. TAV havalimanlar ›n›n ifll e tm esi alan›nda s ahip old u¤ umuz know-how’› i fll e tm es ini yap ac a¤ ›m›z di¤er hav al imanlar ›na tafl ›y arak yolum uza devam etmek ist iy oruz. TAV havalimanlar›, y›lda ortalama 27 milyon yolcuya hizmet veriyor. Kendi kategorisinde yurt d›fl›ndaki rakipleriyle bir k›yaslama yapt›¤›n›zda TAV’›n Avrupa ve dünya konjektüründeki yeri nedir? T ü rk iye'de dört hav al im an ›n› iflletiyoruz ve yurt d›fl›nda hâlihaz›rda ikisi Gürcistan'da (Tif-
l i s - B atum), y›lbafl› itibar›yla Tunus'ta Monastir ve 2 y›l içinde gene Tunus'ta yap›m›n› tamamlay›p hizmete açaca¤›m›z Enf i dha olmak üzere topl a m dört meydan›n iflletmesini yapaca¤›z. En büyük avantaj›m›z haval im an› ifll e tmec il i¤ i nd eki farkl› ifl kollar›na sahip olmam›z. Bizim bu kapsamda hizmet sunab ilen bir rak ib imiz Türkiye’de de yurt d›fl›nda da yok. Ancak, son derece büyük bir potansiyele sahip bu pazarda yeni oyuncular›n ortaya ç›kmas› da kaç›n›lmaz. Yeni oyuncular› TAV'›n karl›l›¤› ya da büyümesinin önünde bir engel olarak de¤il, tam tersi sektörün büyümesi için çok olumlu bir geliflme olarak görüyoruz.œ
11 fi‹RKET Bünyesinde 11.000’i aflk›n çal›flan ve 11 ayr› flirket bulunan TAV Havalimanlar› Holding; yer hizmetleri, iflletme hizmetleri, gümrüksüz ma¤azac›l›k, yiyecek-içecek, bilgi ifllem ve güvenlik hizmetleri gibi havaliman› operasyonunu bütünleyici ilgili ifl kollar›nda da faaliyet gösteriyor. Y›lda yaklafl›k 300 havayolu flirketinin 285 bin uçufluna hizmet sunan TAV Havalimanlar›, her y›l ortalama 27 milyon yolcuya hizmet veriyor. TAV Havalimanlar› Holding’e ba¤l› TAV ‹stanbul, TAV ‹zmir, TAV Esenbo¤a, TAV ‹flletme Hizmetleri, TAV Biliflim, TAV Özel Güvenlik, ATÜ, BTA, Havafl, TAV Georgia (Batum ve Tiflis), TAV Tunisie (Monast›r ve Enfidha) bulunuyor.
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MALIMIZ KAL‹TEL‹ AMA PR’I YOK
HIGH-QUALITY GOODS, BUT NO PR TO MARKET THEM Hulisi Bayam is a Euro Turk offering public relations and publicity services through his company, Europlus Finanz AG and his financial firm, Bayam Consulting & Communication GmbH. ruitment with Turkish firms. Bayam believes that Turkish firms produce high-quality goods but lack the correct public relations nec e ssary for success.
rankfurt – Of the numerous European Turks who have started their own businesses in the many sectors of the German e c onomy, many are investing in projects that will allow them to r each their own ethnic market in a dd ition to the German one. Considering that the yearly profit of the act ive 68,300 Turkish entrepreneurs in Germany is 31.6 billion Euro, the progression into a more mainstream market seems to be a nat ural one.
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There is also room in this market for firms formed with the purpose of supporting these new busin e sses. Hulisi Bayam owns both a public relations and a real est ate finance firm. Besides providing publicity, organizational support, and public relations support for firms, he also supports the financial investment of assisted care and retirement homes. Bayam's Europlus Finanz AG firm works in the finance sector while Bayam Consulting & Communication GmbH deals with the public relations and publicity sectors. He also does consulting for entrepreneurs and personnel rec72 • TurkofAmerica
The businessman also points out that the 2.7 mill ion Turks living in Germany are misled when it comes to marketing. “Marketing solely to an ethnic market in a country of 80 mill ion people can only take a firm so far. They can't go any further,” he says. Most of the compan ies he consults for are German, and he offers advice for the mainstream m a rket, not only the Turkish one. At the same time, Bayam, who is a member of the consulting board of the Frankfurt Industrial and Trade Chamber, is in charge of the immigrant small bus iness owners of Frankfurt. He is also act ive in the integrat io n parliament of the city. B ayam came to Germany as a young child. He actually stud ie d law but decided not to practice it. He has been married for seven years and for five years has prov ided consulting to the German gov e r nment regarding their spec ial assisted living and retirement home project. Germany generally finances the construction of r et ir ement homes. B ayam's public rel ations firm works on a mostly project-byproject basis. The Berlin Tourism Fair is an important avenue for Turkey's publicity. Since 1998, Bayam Consulting & Commun ic ation has conducted the organ iz at ion for all things Turkish at the fair. œ
Hulisi Bayam sahibi oldu¤u Europlus Finanz AG flirketi ile finansman, Bayam Consulting & Communication GmbH flirketi ile de halkla iliflkiler ve tan›t›m alanlar›nda hizmet veriyor. r a n kfurt - Almanya’da de¤ ifli k sekt ö rlerde kendi ifll er ini kuran Avrup al› Türkler, hem kendi etnik kök e nl er ine u l a flmak ist eyen Almanlarla, hem de Almanya paz ar ›na girmek ist eyenl e rle proj eler imza a t ›yor. Alm a nya´da faa l iy e t göst eren 68.300 Türk giriflimc il erin toplam y›ll›k cirol ar › 31,6 Milyar Euro´yu bul u rken, Türk ifll e tmeler kend il er ine buldukl ar› etnik oyukl a rdan ç›k›yor.
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Artan gir ifl i mcil ere destek olmak üzere kur ulan uzman flirk e tler de paz a rda kend il er ine yer bul uyor. Halkla iliflk iler ve g a yr ›m e nkul finansm an› konus u nda iki ayr› flirk ete sah i p olan ifladam› Hul usi Bayam, fl i rk e tl ere tan ›t›m, org an izasyon ve halkla iliflk iler konul a rda verd i¤i dan › flm a nl›k hizmet inin yan› s›ra, bak›m ve huz ur evi yap › ml ar ›n›n finansm an › nda yat ›r › mc ›l ara dest e k oluyor. Bayam, Eur o plus Finanz AG fl i rk eti ile finansman alan › nda ve Bayam Cons u lting & Comm un ic at ion GmbH flirk eti ile de halkla iliflk iler ve tan ›t › m a l an › nda hizmet ver iyor. Türk i fll e tm elerin flirket kurma ve personel bulma sür e çl erinde d an › flm a nl › kl ar ›n› da yap a n Bayam, Türk flirk e tlerin kalit eli pek çok ürüne sahip olm as ›na ra¤men halkla iliflk il er inin yet er i nce yap ›l am am as › ndan ötürü hak ett i¤i yeri elde edemedikl er ini vurg ul uy o r . A lm a nya’da yafl ayan 2.7 mil-
yon Türkün, ifll e tmel eri pazarl ama konus u nda yan › l tt ›¤ ›n a d i kkat çeken Bayam, “80 mily o nluk Alman paz ar› dururken sad ece etnik paz ara yöenlik ifl yapmak flirk e tl erin belli bir büy ü kl ü¤e ulaflm as ›na imkan tan ›yor. Daha fazla iler i g id emiyorlar,” diyor. Hizm e t v e rd i¤i flirk e tl erin gen e lde Alman kök e nli oldu¤una dikk a t ç eken Bayam, bu flirk e tl ere sad ece Türk medy as ›na de¤il Alman medy as ›na da ulaflma imk an› sund u kl ar ›n› dile get ir iyor. Ayn› zam a nda Frankf u r t S an ayi ve Ticaret Odas› dan › flma kur ulu üyesi olan Bayam, Oda’da Frankf u r t ’ t aki göçmen esn a ftan da sor u mlu. Bayam ayn› zam a nda Frankf u r t uyum mecl isinde aktif rol üstl en iy o r . A slen Alm a nya’da huk u k o k uyan ama okud u¤u aland a ç al › flm ay› seçm eyen Bay a m , A lm a nya’ya küçük yaflta gelmifl bir göçmen ail enin çocu¤u. Yedi y›ll›k evli olan ifladam›, finans flirk et i nde Alman h ük üm et inin ayr› bir önem v e rd i¤i bak›m ve huzur evi kon us u nda befl y›ld›r uzman olarak hizmet ver iyor. Alm a ny a g en el i nde yap ›lan huz ur e vl er inin fin a n sm an ›n› üstlen iyor. H a l kla iliflk iler flirk etinde ifller ise daha çok proje baz › nda. T ü rk iye’nin tan ›t ›m ›n›n yap › ld ›¤› önemli fua rl a rdan bir i olan Berlin Turizm Fuar›’nda Türkiye ile ilgili org anizasy o nl ar› 1998 y›l › ndan beri Bayam Consulting & Comm un ic at ion yap ›yor. œ
PSYCHIATRIST DR. ‹NC‹ fiEN
TURKS ARE DEPRESSED Dr. ‹nci fien says: “The most common disorder I see among my Turkish patients is depression.”
She has been living in fien 1993 y›l›ndan beri de Germany since 1993. Almanya´da çal›fl›yor.
here are nearly ten mill ion imm i grants in Germany, 2.7 of which are Turkish. In order to properly serve peo ple from v ar i ous rel ig i ous and cult ural g r oups, it is necessary to educate and employ peo ple who can c o mm un icate with them in their m o ther tong ue. Doctor ‹nci fien is a psychia trist that has been working in Germany sinc e 1993. She talked with us about the problems imm i grants face.
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What was the most important factor for you in choosing your profession? I had always dreamed of being a doctor as a child. It was unquestionably the aspect of helping people in medicine that attracted me. The profession that 74 • TurkofAmerica
TÜRKLER DEPRESYONDA ‹nci fien, “Türk hastalarda en s›k rastlanan psikolojik rahats›zl›k biçimi depresyon.„ diyor. I imagined as a child growing up in Izmir is the same profession that I continue today in Germany with equal passion. What is the opin ion of Turks r eg a rding the iss ue of psychia tric ass i st a nce? What perc e nt age of your pat ients are Turkish? There is a clear discrepancy between the native population and imm i grant and Turk i s h populations when it comes to the issue of seeking help from psychiatric professionals. Nearly half of my patients are
lmanya´da 2,7 milyonu Türk on milyona yak›n göçmen kökenli insan yafl›yor. Farkl› dil ve kültür gruplar›na mensup göçmenlerin ruh sa¤l›¤›n›n korunmas› aç›s›ndan bu kimselere anadillerinde ulaflabilecek uzman personelin yetifltirilmesi ve istihdam› ise kaç›n›lmaz. 1993 y›l›nda beri Almanya’da psikiyatri alan›nda uzman doktor olarak sürd üren Doktor ‹nci fien, göçmenlerin yaflad›¤› sorunlar› anlatt›.
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Mesle¤inizi seçmenizdeki en önemli etken neydi?
Dokt o rluk çocuklu¤umdan beri idealimdeki meslekti. ‹ns a nlara f a yd as› tart › flm as›z dokt o rl u k mesl e¤ ine yön e lmemde mesle¤in bu kutsal taraf ›n›n da büyük etkisi oldu. ‹zmir´de geçen çoc u kl u¤ u mda hay alini kurd u¤ u m m e sl e¤ imi bugün Almanya´da ayn› heyecanla sürd ür üyorum. Psikolojik konularda uzman deste¤i alma konusunda Türklerin tutumu nas›l? Hastalar›n›z›n ne kadar› Türk? P s ik iy a trik kon ul a rda uzm a n dest egi almak isteyenler aras›nda
Turkish in origin. Twenty percent are from other Muslim countries while 30 percent are German. There has been a striking increase in the number of Turkish women seeking psychiatric care witnessed recently. Alth ough there is still an overwhelming prejudice directed against seeking psychiatric or psychological help in both the Turkish and the Muslim populations as a whole, within the new generation, there is a growing realization that mental health and physical health are intertwined. Of course for our people who have a language barrier, there is the added difficulty of being able to express themselves properly. Since we are able to offer services in our office in Turkish, we are able to minimize this frustration a bit. Can you talk about how the e c on omic struggles in Germany of recent years has aff e cted the p at ients coming to see you ? The economic stagnation that Germany has witnessed in the 2000s has affected not only native Germans but also immigrants, who perhaps feel the burden even more harshly. Within this framework, both Germans and immigrants are witnessing more emotional problems. Among Turks living in Germany, the unempl o yment rate is around 30 percent. Of this percentage group, 43 percent live below the poverty line. Thus the setbacks in the economic sphere have not only
affected the adult population but children as well. What are some problems that you see particularly with Turkish men and women? The most common dis o rder I see among my Turkish pat ients is depression. Another problem that runs in parallel with depress ion is the lack of self-confidence that comes as a result of domestic viol e nce and repression. I have been off ering services in my own clinic for the past three years and in that time I have seen roughly 700 patients with depression resulting from such problems. The current signals indicate that we will unfort un ately see an inc r e ase in these numbers in the coming years. T h i nking back on when you first started working in this profession, what kind of progress h ave you seen in the incl in ation of Turkish pat ients living in Germany in sharing thei r psychological problems? When I comp are my first years practicing as a doctor in the Gelsenkirchen clinic with the past three years, I see that Turks are now more comf o rtable rec o gnizing psychological problems and seeking out doctors to help them with such iss ues. There has been an increase in consc io u sn e s s , partic ularly with Turkish women. They are more able to talk a b out their problems with their h u sbands and fam il ies. We can certainly point to a tangible improvement in that area.œ
WHO IS ‹NC‹ fiEN? ‹nci fien began her medical studies at Bochum University. Since she wanted to orient herself towards the Turks living in Europe, fien did the last three semesters of her specialization in psychiatry at Istanbul University's Cerrahpafla Medical School. She finished his specialized training in Muenster and became a doctor in the area of child and adult psychiatry. She has been living in Germany since 1993, worked as a doctor first at Gelsenkirchen's Protestant Clinic. She was then employed in various clinics. From 2002 until 2003, she managed the North Rhine Westphalia State government financed project entitled “Problems Related to Immigrant Children in Germany” at Essen University. The results of this project were later published in German.
‹NC‹ fiEN K‹MD‹R? Bochum Üniversitesi´nde t›p ö¤renimine bafllad›. Son üç sömestrisini psikiyatri alan›ndaki uzmanl›¤›n› Avrupa´da yaflayan Türklere yönlendirmek istedi¤i için ‹stanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpafla T›p Fakültesi´nde tamamlad›. Uzmanl›k e¤itimin Münster´de tamamlayarak, çocuk ve yetiflkin psikiyatri alan›nda uzman doktor oldu. 1993 y›l›ndan beri de Almanya´da çal›fl›yor. Uzman doktor s›fat›yla ilk olarak Gelsenkirchen´de Protestan Klini¤i´nde çal›flt›. Daha sonra farkl› kliniklerde görev ald›. 2002-2003 y›llar›nda Essen Üniversite Klini¤i´nde „Almanya´daki Göçmen Çocuklar›n›n Psikolojik Sorunlar›“ konulu, Kuzey Ren Vestfalya Eyalet Hükümeti´nin finanse etti¤i projenin yöneticili¤ini yapt›. Bu projenin sonuçlar› daha sonra Almanca olarak yay›nland›. Türkl erin ve di¤er göçmenlerin gözle görülür bir a¤›rl ›¤› söz konusu. Hastal ar ›m›n yakl afl›k yar ›s ›n› Türk kökenliler oluflturuyor. Yaklafl›k yüzde 20´si Müslüman ülkel eri baflta olmak üzere di¤er ülk elerden gelenler, % 30´a yak›n bir bölümü ise Alman hastalardan olufluyor. Son dönemlerde Türk kad›nl ar ›n›n psikiy a trik alanda sorunlar›nda yo¤unl a flma göre çarp›yor. Türk toplumu ve genel olarak Müslüman topl u mlar psik ol ojik veya psikiyatrik destek alma kon usunda hala bir ölçü de önyarg›l ›lar. Ancak yeni kufl a kl a rla psikolojik sa¤l›¤›n vücut sa¤l›¤ ›n›n bütünl ey ic isi oldu¤u daha net biçimde anlafl›lmaya bafllad›. Tabi dil sorunu yaflayan insanl ar ›m ›z›n da tabul ar› olm asa dahi ruh sa¤l›¤› gibi karm afl›k bir alanda sorunl ar ›n› aktarma sorunu bulunuyor. Mua y en eh an em i zde verdi¤imiz Türkçe hizmetle en a z › ndan bu s›k›nt ›y› aflabiliyoruz. Almanya'da son y›llarda yaflanan ekonomik s›k›nt›lar›n özellikle size gelen hastalar›n›zda yaratt›¤› etkilerden bahsedebilir misiniz? Almanya´da 2000´li y›llarda bafl gösteren ekon omik durgunluk, Almanlar kadar hatta onlardan daha fazla göçmenleri sert biçimde etkiliyor. Bu çerçevede hem Almanlar hem de göçmenler aras›nda ruh sa¤l›¤› boz ul a nl ar›n say ›l ar› art ›yor. Almanya´daki Türkler aras›nda iflsizlik oran› flu anda % 30´lara dayanm›fl durumda. Bu insanlar›n % 43´ü de fakirlik s›-
n›r›n›n alt›nda yafl›yor. Ekonomik alandaki bu olumsuzluklar yaln›z yetiflkinlerde de¤il, çocuklarda da sorunlar›n bafl göstermesine neden oluyor. Türk erkek ve kad›n hastalar›n›zda s›kl›kla rastlad›¤›n›z flikayetler neler? Türk hastalarda en s›k rastlanan psikolojik rahats›zl›k biçimi depresyon. Aile içi fliddet ve bask› ile bunlara paralel do¤an özgüven kayb› di¤er sorunlar› da beraberinde getiriyor. Yaklafl›k üç y›ld›r kendi klini¤imde hizmet veriyorum. Bu dönem içerisinde bu tür sorunlardan kaynaklanan 700 civar› depresyon vakas› ile karfl›laflt›k. Mevcut sinyaller bu say›n›n önümüzdeki y›llarda art›fl gösterece¤i endiflesi yarat›yor. Meslek hayat›n›z›n ilk y›llar›yla k›yaslad›¤›n›zda, Almanya'da yaflayan Türklerin psikolojik sorunlar›n› bir doktorla paylaflma e¤iliminde nas›l bir geliflme gözlemliyorsunuz? Gelsenkirchen klin i¤inde bafllad›¤›m y›ll a rla serbest çal›flt›¤›m son üç y›l› k›yaslad›¤ › mda gör üy orum ki, art›k Türk insan› psik ol ojik bir sorun yaflad›¤›nda art›k daha rahat biç i mde dokt ora gidip, sorunlar ›n› anlatabiliy o rlar. Özell i kle Türk kad›nlar› aras›nda ciddi bir bilinçlenme gör ülüyor. Eflleri ile sor u nlar› olan, a ile yafl a nt ›l ar › nda problemler y afl ayan Türk kad › nlar› s›k›nt ›l ar ›n› doktorla paylaflabiliyorlar. Bu ba¤lamda ciddi bir bilinçlenm eden söz edeb il iriz. œ TurkofAmerica • 75
AYDIN YARDIMCI
THE UNREQUITED LOVE OF A EUROPEAN TURK:
POLITICS
Of the 54 Turks living in Europe that ran for office in the recent parliamentary elections, only four made it into the legislature. ya'dan kat › ld›. Adaylardan sad ece ‹sv i çre’de yafl ayan Faz ilet D a ¤l› Ç›¤l›k Adalet ve Kalk › nma Part isi’nden Erz urum milletv ek ili seç i ldi. Avr upa’da yafl ayan Türkler ise y afl ad › kl ar› ülk el e rde siy as e tte d aha etkin. Avrupa Parl em e ntosu’nda alt›, Alm a nya, Holl a nda, ‹sveç, Dan im a rka, Avust u rya, Belç ika, Rom a nya ve Bulg aristan ulusal mecl i sl er i nde Türk k ök e nli mill e tv ekill eri gör e v y ap ›yor.
(Aydin) Aydin Yard›mc› (at right) Ayd›n Yard›mc› Demokrat joined the Democrat Party on the Parti’ye Mehmet A¤ar’›n ›srar› insistence of Mehmet A¤ar (middle ile kat›ld›.
n the past 45 years 4,200,000 Turks have immigrated to Eur ope. Of these imm i grants, 2,455,000 have the right to vote in Turkey. European Turks are only allowed to vote in Turkish elections at the customs entry points and in the General Elections of 2002 the percentage of Turks v oting at the customs gate was a bit more than 4 percent. In July 2007 Turks interested in the arena of politics tried their luck in Turkey. Fifty-four Turks living in Europe signed up to be candidates, although only four made it through. Saad e ttin K›l›ç, Ayd›n Yard›mc› and Ali K›l›ç participated in the election from Germany. Of the candidates, only one living in Switzerland, Fazilet Da¤l› Ç›¤-
I
l›k of the AK Party (Justice and Development Party), made it into parliament representing Erzurum. B es ide uncess e cculf attemts of European Turks in Turkey general elections, 67 Turkish politicians, six of them in European Parliament, have been serving in different European countries parliaments such as Germany, Holland, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Austria, Romania, Bulgaria. Among the candidates for the first district of Ankara, Cologne-based businessman Ayd›n Yard›mc› was first in line. He has been vocal about his belief that the nearly 5 million Turks living abroad have been abandoned to their own fates.
on 45 y›lda Avr upa’ya 4 milyon 200 bin Türk göç etti. Bugün bu göçm e nl e rden 2 milyon 455 bini oy ver eb il ec e k seçmen dur um u nda. Avr up al › Türkler, Türk iy e ’ d eki seç i ml e rde ancak gümrük kap ›l ar › nd a oy kull an ab il iyor. 2002 Genel S eç i ml er i nde gümr ü kl e rde oy v er e nl erin oran› genel seçm e nl erin % 4’ünü biraz geçt i . T e mmuz 2007 y›l › nda da Avr up al› Türkler siy asi alanda sesl er ini duy u rmak ad›na Türk iye’de siy as ete soy u ndu. Avr upa’da yafl ayan 54 Türk, mill e tv ek ili olmak için aday aday› oldu. Bunl a rdan sad ece dört tan esi list el e rde kend ine yer buld u . Saad e ttin K›l›ç, Ayd›n Yard › mc › ve Ali K›l›ç seç i ml ere Alm a n-
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T ü rk iye’de siyas ete soy unan a d a ylar aras›nda Ankara 1. bölge 1. s›r adan aday göst er il e n Köln’de yafl ayan iflad am› Ayd › n Yard › mc›, Avr upa’da yafl ay a n befl mily ona yak›n Türkün kendi kad er ine terk edild i¤ ini sav un uyor. ET‹N KRALIYDI Ank ara Teknik Okulu’nda motor böl ümü mez unu olan Yard›mc›, Alm a nya’ya 1970 y›l › nda geldi ve motor fabr ik as › nd a çal › flm aya bafll ad›. 1975 y›l › nd a k üçük bir mark e tle ifl hay at ›na a t › ld›. 1978 y›l › nda et topt a nc ›l›¤ ›na bafll ad›. “O güne kad a r k as a ptan gidip et dahi alm›fl bir insan de¤ i ldim. Çevr e md eki insanl ar›n bask ›s › yla et ifline girdim” diyor. Dokuz kard e flli bir ailenin en k üç ü¤ü olan Yard › mc›, yak › n zam ana kadar Avr upa’da kuzu eti sat ›fl › nda paz ar›n tek ism i ydi. Y › lda dokuz milyon adet kuzu sat ›fl› yapan Yard › mc›, 1990 y›-
AVRUPALI TÜRKÜN KARfiILIKSIZ SEVG‹S‹: Avrupa’da yaflayan 54 Türk, milletvekili olmak için aday aday› oldu. Bunlardan sadece dört tanesi listelerde kendine yer buldu. 76 • TurkofAmerica
S‹YASET
HE WAS THE KING OF MEAT A graduate of Ankara Technical School's motor department, Yard›mc› came to Germany in 1970 and began working at a motor factory. He entered the business world with a small market that he opened in 1975. In 1978 he began to sell wholesale meat. “Before this business, I had never once in my life gone to a butcher's to buy meat. I only entered this market as a result of pressure from acquaintances.” Yard›mc› is the you ngest of nine siblings and until recently was the only name visible in the lamb meat market. After selling 9 mill ion pieces of lamb meat a year, Yard›mc› decided to make his business smaller in 1990. After the mad cow disease crisis of 1996 spread to the lamb market, hard times fell on Yard›mc› and his eight branches. In 1989, Yard›mc› received a twenty-year concession from Tekel, the body which controls the sale of alcohol in Turkey, gaining the rights to sell Turkish alcohol in Europe. After a new party came to power, however, the contract was canceled and Yard›mc› claims that he lost 16 mill ion marks on the deal. “Even if I didn't really pay attention to anyone back then, now I realize that this happened because I replaced permissible business dealings with ones forbidden by my faith”, he states with self-crit ical candor. Still in search of the heady old days of the business world, Yard›mc› still has 20 peo ple working him in the meat sector. He is now also partnering with Müslüm Balaban, an important figure in the restaurant sector, to open what will be one of Cologne's largest and most modern restaurants. WE WERE ABANDONED TO OUR FATES Starting his career in politics in the c e nter-right Anav atan Party (Motherland Party) in 1997 and leaving the party after party leader Mesut Y›lmaz resigned from politics, Yard›mc› formed the European Democratic Association
and only joined the Democrat Party on the insistence of Mehmet A¤ar. After the July 22, 2007 general elections, Mehmet A¤ar announced his decision to leave politics after his party's poor showing of merely 5.4 percent of the votes. Yard›mc› is also leaving politics. However, he can't resist adding on the following statement, “If the politics leaves us”. When asked about why such a successful businessman would run as a candidate Yard›mc› replies, “I wanted to enter politics in order to help Turks who were abandoned to their fates in Europe.” Yard›mc› reminds us that many people who entered politics in Europe went on to become parliamentarians, “We don't receive the same opportunities that Europe provides us in our own country of Turkey.” He also states that Turks living abroad now have a door to knock on in Ankara, “I'll take care of my business one way or another. I have a circle and close ones to help me but there are people who don't have people to talk to or rely on,” he states.œ
l › ndan sonra ifll er ini küçültmek zor u nda kald›. 1996 y›l › nd a A vr upa’y› sarsan deli dana hast al ›¤› daha sonra kuzu etini de v ur u nca, sekiz flub esi bul un a n Y a rd › mc› zor günler geç irir hale g e ldi. 1989 y›l › nda Türkiye’de i çki sat ›fl ›n› elinde bul u nd ur a n T ekel’in 20 y›ll ›¤›na Avr up a t e ms i lc il i¤ini alan Yard › mc › , T ü rk iy e ’ d eki siy asi ikt id ar›n anl a flm ay› iptal etm esi üzer ine 16 milyon mark zar ara u¤r ad › . Y a rd › mc›, “O y›ll a rda söyl ey e nl ere çok kulak asm asam da flimdi gör üy orum ki, helal ifle haram katt ›¤›m için ifll erim bitt i ” d iy ecek kadar da kend is ini eleflt ir eb il iyor. Halen 20 kifl inin çal › flt ›¤› et ifll e tm es i nde eski günl er ini arayan Yard › mc›, flimd il e rde rest oran sekt ör ünün önc ül erinden Müslüm Bal aban ile Köln’ün en büyük ve mod e r n r e st or a nl ar › ndan bir ini açm ay a h az › rl an ›yor. KADER‹M‹ZE TERK ED‹LD‹K S iy as e tte 1997 y›l › nda Anavatan Partisi ile bafll ayan ve part inin lid eri Mesut Y›lmaz’›n siy a-
s e tten çek i lm esi ile part iyi b›r akan Yard › mc›, Avr upa Demokr asi Vakf›’n› kurdu ve Demokrat Parti’ye de Mehmet A¤ar’›n ›sr ar› ile girdi. 22 Temm u z 2007 seç i ml er i nde yüzde 5.4 oy a ld ›¤› için parti lid e rl i¤ ini b›r a kt ›¤ ›n› aç›kl ayan A¤ar’la birlikte, Y a rd › mc› da siy as eti b›r a kt ›¤ ›n› söylüyor. Ancak ekl emeden e d em iyor: “O bizi b›rak›rsa.” Baflar ›l› bir iflad am› olarak neden mill e tv ek i ll i¤i aday› old u¤ u s or us una, “Amac›m kendi kader ine terk ed i lmifl Avr upal› Türklere siy asi alanda yard › mc› o l ab i lm e kti,” diyor. Avr up a ’ d aki part il e rden siy as ete at›lan ve m i ll e tv ek ili seç ilen pek çok isim bulund u¤ una dikkat çeken Yard › mc›, “Avr up al›l ar›n Türkl ere v e rd i¤i imk an›, biz kendi vat an ›m › zda gör em iy oruz” diyor. Gurb e tte yafl ay a nl ar›n Ank ara’ya gitt i kl er i nde çal ac a kl ar › bir kap ›n›n olm ad ›¤ ›n› vurg ul uyor. “Ben iflimi bir flek i lde hall ed erim. Çevrem, tan ›d ›¤›m var ama olmay a nl ar›n dertl er ini anl at ac a kl ar ›n›, kap ›s ›n› çal ac a kl ar› biri yok,” diyor. œ
TURKISH MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENTS IN EUROPE / AVRUPA PARLEMENTOLARINDAK‹ TÜRKLER Name Vural Öger Cem Özdemir Emine Bozkurt Metin Kazak Filiz H. Hyusmenova Necmi Ali Hakk› Keskin Lale Akgün Hüseyin K. Ayd›n Ekin Deligöz Sevim Da¤delen Coflkun Çörüz Fatma Kofler Kaya Y›lmaz Kerimo Mehmet Kaplan ‹brahim Baylan Alev Korun Meryem Almac› Fatma Pehlivan Cemal Çavdarl› Hüseyin Araç Aledin Amet Ibraam Husein
Country Germany Germany Holland Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Holland Holland Sweden Sweden Sweden Avustria Belgium Belgium Belgium Denmark Romania Romania
Name of Parliament European Parliament European Parliament European Parliament European Parliament European Parliament European Parliament Member of Federal Parliament Member of Federal Parliament Member of Federal Parliament Member of Federal Parliament Member of Federal Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Senate Member of Federal Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament Member of Parliament
Party SPD Green Party Labour Party MRF MRF MRF PDS SPD PDS Green PDS CDA D66 SDP Green SDP Green GROEN SP SP SDP UDTTMR UDTTMR
TurkofAmerica • 77
GERMAN UNIVERSITY IN TURKEY
THE FIRST TURKISH-GERMAN UNIVERSITY
NRW's first Minister for Integration, Armin Laschet (fourth at left) with NRW Uyum Bakan› Armin Laschet, Prof. Prof. Faruk fien and the other members of delegation visited the land, the Faruk fien beraberindeki heyetle birlikte university will be located, in the Riva neighborhood of Istanbul. üniversitenin kurulaca¤› Riva’daki arazide.
‹LK TÜRK-ALMAN ÜNIVERSITESI KURULUYOR em fientürk – Many intellectuals and scientists forced to leave Germany during the rule of the National Socialists flocked to the Turkish Republic, which provided a safe haven to people who then played an important role in promoting scholarship and science in Turkey. It is thought that during that period there were roughly 800 “exiled Germans” in Istanbul and Ankara, which were important hubs for ex-expatriates in general. Upon the return of many of t h ese exiled thinkers to Germany, the pol it ical, econ om i c , m il itary, and soc ial rel at io n s b e tw een the two soc ie t ies largely did not cont in ue. AngloS axon infl ue nces still reign supr eme in the scie nt ific and int e ll e ct ual life of Turkey, in contrast to German ones.
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In a country where there are 21 universities offering education in English and only one in French, there is, as of yet, no institution of higher learning off ering curr ic ulum solely in German. The only exception to 26 • TurkofAmerica
this is the public and foundational private universities that offer business majors in German. Of the Turkish students choosing to study abroad, Germany has yet to reach the status of a desirable second home. Although many of the conditions of higher learning in Germany are more desirable in theory to Turkish students, the number of students going to Germany to study is only 7,077, while a country with a smaller population such as Bulgaria has sent 12,423 students to Germany. Today Germany is Turk e y ' s most imp o rtant trading partner. B e tw een the years 1997 and 2004 Turkish inv e stors poured 472 mill ion dollars into the country. There are 138 Turkishb ased comp an ies operating in Fed eral Germany. Rou g h l y 1,000 German firms are repr es e nted in Turkey and the 68,300 T u rkish bus iness owners who p r ov ide jobs to peo ple in Germany form an imp o rtant econ omic bridge betw een the two cou nt r ie s .
em fientürk - Almanya´da N a sy on a l - S o sy al i s tl erin ikt id ara gelm es inin ard › ndan ülkeyi terk etmek zor u nda kalan çok say›da Alman ayd ›na kap ›lar›n› açan genç Türk iye Cumhur iy eti´nde bil i msel gel ene¤in o l ufl um u nda Alman bilim adamlar›n›n önemli rolü bul unuyor. O dön e mde ‹st a nbul ve A nk ara´da yo¤ u nlaflan “sürgündeki Alman” bilim adaml ar›n›n say›s ›n›n 800´ü buld u¤u tahmin edil iyor. S ü rg ü nd eki bil imad a ml ar ›n›n geri dön ü fll erinin ard › ndan, pol itik, ekon omik, ask eri ve toplumsal alanl a rda sürd ür ülen yo¤un iliflkiler bil i msel sah ada istenen seviy eye ulaflmad›. Hal e n Türkiye´de bil i msel alanda Anglo-sakson etk isi daha güçlü bir biç i mde hiss ed ilir dur u mda.
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‹ngil i zce e¤itim veren 21, Frans›zca e¤itim veren bir üniv e rs itenin bul u nd u¤u Türk iye´de ikil i iliflkil e rd eki tüm yo¤ u nlu¤a karfl›n Alm a nca veren bir yüksek ö ¤r etim kur umu bul u nm uyor. Biri devlet di¤ eri ise bir vak › f üniversit es i nde bul unan Alm a nca ifll e tme böl ü mleri bunun tek
istisn as›. Alm a nya, Türkiye´den yurtd ›fl ›na e¤itim amac › yla giden ö ¤r e nc iler aras›nda da yet e rl i cazib eye ulafl ab i lmifl de¤il. Ö¤renim kofl u ll ar› di¤er ülk el er e göre çok daha uygun olm as›na k a rfl›n, Alm a nya´ya e¤itim a m a çl› Türk iye´den gel e nl er i n say›s› sad ece 7.077, buna karfl›n, nüfus olarak daha küçük bir ülke ve Alm a nya ile ba¤l ar› daha az olan Bulg ar i stan´dan gelen ö¤r e nci say›s› 12.423. Alm a nya bugün Türk iye’nin en önemli tic ari ort a¤›. 1997-2004 y›llar› aras › nda Türk gir ifl i mc il erin Alm a ny a ’ d aki yat ›r › ml ar › 472 milyon dolar sev iy es ine ulaflt›. Fed eral Alm a nya’da faaliyet göst eren Türkiye kökenli iflletm el erin say ›s› 138. Alm a nya’dan 1000 civ ar › nda firma da Türkiye’de temsil edil iyor. Almanya’daki 68.300 Türkiye kökenli göçmen iflveren de iki ülk e aras › nda genifl bir ikt is adi köpr ü meyd ana get ir iyor. Tüm bu gel i flm eler Türk ö¤r e ncilerin Alm a nya’da old u¤u gib i Türkiye’de de Alm a nca e¤itim iht iy ac ›n› do¤ ur uyor. Bu eks i k-
T h ese dev el o pments signal a need for students to receive German lang u age educ at ion not only in Germany but also in T u rkey. This def ic iency has yet to be add r e ssed. Of the 36,000 T u rkish students att e nding univ e rsity in Germany (12,000 of which are studying in the North R h ine Westp h al ia State), a larg e number went to sec o nd a r y s c h ools in Germany. The number of students who fin i sh e d t h eir secondary school educ at ions in Turkey and then went on to Germany to study univ e rs i t y is only 5 per cent of the tot a l n u mber of Turks studying at G e rman univ e rs it ies. T h ere are 130,000 Turkish students studying abr oad in 70 diff erent cou nt r ies, with 40,000 of them studying in the United States. Mor e over, in Turkey ther e are only three secondary schools that teach in German and then o ffer students the chance to continue higher lea rning in Germany. It is imp o rtant to exam ine the possibility that the 2.7 m i ll ion Turkish students who are the sons and daughters of Turkish immigrants to Germany may return to Turkey, w h e ther in the short-term or long-term. On the other hand, 2,800,000 peo ple living in Turkey have worked at one time or a n o ther in Germany bef ore ret u rning to their hom eland. These peo ple repr esent an imp o rtant pot e nt ial for a univ e rs i t y that is to be formed. A 600- STUDENT ENROLLMENT The Turkish Res earch Cent e r (TAM) Fou nd ation is preparing to open a Turkish-German fou nd ation university in the second half of the 2008 calendar. This university is seen as a crown i n g a ch ie v ement for Turkish-German scie nt ific and intellectual rel at ions. The goal of the new university is to accel er ate the transfer of knowl e dge and technology betw een the two cou ntries. The government of Germany's lar-
gest state, North Rhine Westphalia (NRW), is throwing its s u pport behind the project and as a result progr e ssing rapidly. T h ere will be three departments consisting of Economics, Bus iness, and Polit ical Scie nce and will start its act iv it ies in the 2008-2009 school year. In addit ion, there will also be a master p r o gram in international law. The university is expecting to admit up to 600 students and all the classes will be conducted in G e rman. The campus will be built on a 500-acre plot of land allocated by Alarko Holding in the Riva neighborhood of Istanbul. A STRONG PARTNER: MÜENSTER UNIVERSITY The project's int e ll e ct ual partner, Mue n ster Univ e rsity, will send its tea ching staff to Turkey to implement the same classes as its own program. Known not only in Germany but around the world for its acad emic exc e ll e nce, Mue n ster Univ e rsity tau g h t 40,000 students in its 7 fac u lt ie s and 130 dep a r tments in the 2006-2007 school year. Six h u ndred prof e ssors, 3300 scholarly pers o nnel, and 1700 adm in i st r at ive empl oy ees work for the univ e rsity. Bes ides the univ e rsity clinic, the school's yearly b u dget is 280 mill ion Eur o . FOUR GOALS T h ere are four groups of target s t udents for the German fou nd at ion univ e rsity to be founded, n amely the children of imm i grant fam il ies that have returned to Turkey for good, German cit izens living in Turkey, grad u ates of schools teaching in German in Turkey, and stud e n t s who have compl eted German language cou rses. It is imp o rtant to also exam ine the fig ures of trade rel at ions b e tw een the two cou nt r ies. There are 1100 German firms working in Turkey, while arou n d 2000 German firms have repr e-
lik bugüne dek giderilebilmifl de¤il. 12 bini Kuzey Ren Vestf a lya Eyal eti’nde e¤itim görmekte olan Almanya’daki 36 bin Türkiye kökenli ö¤renciden çok büyük bölümü Almanya’da ortaö¤retimini tamamlam›fl kifliler. Bunun yan › nda Türk iye’de ortaö¤renimini tamamlayarak Almanya’da yüksek ö¤renime bafllam›fl olanlar›n oran› yaln›zca yaklafl›k % 5 düzeyinde kal›yor. Toplamda 130 bin Türk iye Cumhuriyeti vatandafl› Türkiye d›fl›ndaki 70 ülkede yüksek ö¤renim görüyor. ABD’de e¤itim gören Türk ö¤rencilerin say›s› ise yaklafl›k 40 bin. Di¤er yandan Türkiye’de Almanca e¤itim veren ve bitirildi¤inde Almanya’da yüksek ö¤renim almaya hak kazan ›lan lis el erin say ›s › üç. ‹flçi göçü çerçevesinde Almanya’ya yerleflmifl 2,7 milyon Türkiye kökenli için gelecekte olas› k›sa süreli veya uzun vadeli geri dönüfl göçü dahilinde Almanca Yüksek Ö¤renim imkan› dikkate de¤er bir konu. Di¤er yandan bugün Türk iye´de 2 milyon 800 bin kifli, Almanya´da bir süre çal›flman›n ard›ndan ülkeye geri dönmüfl durumda. Bu insanlar kurulacak bir üniversite için önemli bir potansiyel teflkil ediyor. 600 Ö⁄RENC‹ ALACAK Türk iye Araflt › rmalar Merk ez i (TAM) Vakf›, Türk-Alman bil i msel iliflk il erini taçl a nd ›r ac a k olan Türk-Alman vak›f üniv e rsit es ini 2008 güz yar ›y›l›nda hayata geç i rmeye haz › rl an ›y o r . Kur ul acak üniv e rs it esi ile ülk eler aras› bilgi ve tekn ol oji transfer inin h›z kaz a nm as› hed e fl en iyor. Alm a nya´n›n en büyük eyaleti Kuzey Ren Vestf a lya (KRV) Hükümeti´nce de dest e kl enen p r oj ede ad›mlar h›zl a nd ›r › ld › . E k on omi bil i ml eri, ilet iflim bil i ml eri ve siy aset bil imi alanlar ›na iliflkin üç fak ü lte ile 20082009 ö¤r etim y›l › nda faaliyetl erine bafllam as› öng ör ülen üniv e rs itede ayr›ca uluslar ar as› hu-
kuk alan › nda bir master progr am› ilk aflamada faa l iy ete geç ir il ecek. 600 kadar ö¤r e nci kabul e tm esi bekl enen üniv e rs it ed e d e r sler Alm a nca olarak ver il ecek. Üniv e rs ite ‹st a nbul Riva´da Alarko Holding´in tahsis ett i¤ i 500 dön ü mlük arazi üzerine kur ul acak. GÜÇLÜ PARTNER: MÜNSTER ÜN‹VERS‹TES‹ Projenin bil i msel partn er i M ü n ster Üniv e rs it esi´nin ders programl ar ›na par alel uyg ul an acak dersler için ö¤r etim görevl il erinin tam am› Alm a nya´dan gel ecek. Almanya´n›n y an› s›ra düny an›n en sayg›n ü n iv e rs it el eri aras › nda say ›l a n Münster Üniv e rs it esi 20062007 ö¤retim y›l › nda 7 fak ü lt es i nd eki 130 bölümde yaklafl›k 40.000 ö¤r e nc iye e¤itim veriyor. 600´ü prof esör ve 3300 bil i ms e l p e rs onel ile çal ›flan üniv e rs itede a yr ›ca 1700 idari personel görev y ap ›yor. Üniv e rs ite klin i¤i har i ç o lmak üzere kur umun y›ll›k b ü tç esi 280 milyon Euro´yu buluyor. DÖRT HEDEF Kur ul acak Alm a nca vak›f üniv e rs it es inin dört hedef grub u b ul un uyor; Alm a nya´dan kesin d önüfl yapm›fl ail elerin çoçukl ar›, Türkiye´deki Alman vat a nd a fll ar›, Alm a nca e¤itim veren lis el erin mezunlar› ve Alm a nca dil kurslar›n› tam a ml am›fl kifl iler. Türkiye-Alm a nya tic ari iliflk il eri, Türkiye´de kur ulu 1100 Alman firmas› ile 2000 civ ar › nda Alman firm as›n›n tems i lc ili¤i y an › nda, Alm a nya´da bul un a n 65.400 Türk kök e nli gir ifl i mc i ve 140 civ ar › nda Türk iye merk e zli firma bu ülke ile tic ari iliflk il erin önc ül ü¤ ünü yap ›yor. ‹ki ü lke aras›nda toplam d›fl tic aret h a cmi 2005 y›l› sonu itib ar i yl e 23 milyar dol ara ulaflm›fl bul un uyor. ‹ki ülke aras › nd aki köklü iliflk il eri daha da derinlefltirmek ü z ere gerekli insan kayn a¤ ›n› s a ¤l ay acak vak›f üniv e rs it es i nde e ¤ itim Alman firm alar › nda stajl a rla dest e kl en ec e k .œ TurkofAmerica • 27
TRIO
THE TRIO OF WEB WEB TASARIMINDA DESIGN ÜÇLÜ GÜÇ
The partners spent three years preparing Ortaklar flirketlere yönelik ilk the content of their first module of web web sitesi içerik modülünü üç site content geared towards firms. y›l sürede haz›rlad›.
ortmund – There are about 36,000 Turkish stud e n t s s t u dying in Germany's univers it ies. Even if that amount is low for a populat ion of nearly 3 mill ion Turks, Turkish graduates are att e m pting to make their way in the bus iness world. Triovis, which is the brainchild of graduates of German univers it ies, offers Int e rnet, progr a mming, and consulting services. F o rmed with the express des ir e to increase the opt ions for webb ased content for man agement systems, the fou nders are Hamza Çak›r, Ercan Can and Muh a rrem Çak›r, grad u ates of the c o mp uter eng in e ering dep a r tment of Dortmund University.
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When the firm was initially firmed, its primary goal was to reach the ethnic market but within time decided to reach out to the general population. The partners formed the name of the company by combining “trio” and “vis”, thus lending the meaning of “strength of three.” The partners spent three years preparing the content of their first module of web site content geared towards firms. Since then they 80 • TurkofAmerica
have developed nearly 20 modules. Triovis offers modules geared towards creating web sites with four different prices, ranging from 99 Euro to 1099 Euro. They sell their programs over the Internet at their website, www.triovis.com, and advertise 30-day free programming in technology magazines. The young entrepreneurs also offer web design serv ices to their clients and charge 12002000 Euro for their corporate services. Triovis's target clients consist of very small- and medium-sized firms. Hamza Çak›r stated the difficulties of working in an ethnic market geared towards computer techn ology, “A bus in e s sman with a Merc edes often thinks that his friend's son can just design his website.” In addition to German, Triovis will soon present its program in English and has already translated the program into Turkish in preparation to enter the Turkish market. Partner Ercan Can expressed the optimism the firm holds towards the Turkish market.œ
ortmund - Alm a ny a ’ d ak i ü n iv e rs it el e rde yakl afl›k 36 bin Türk ö¤r e nci okuyor. 3 m i ly ona yakl aflan Türk nüf usunun içinde rakam henüz isten ilen seviy ede olm asa da, mezun olan gençler ifl hay at›nda yer edinm eye çal ›fl ›yor. Int e rnet, yaz ›l›m ve dan›flmanl›k alanlar›nda hizmet vermek üzere kur ulan Triovis, e¤it im ini Almanya’da tamamlam›fl befl Türk gencin gir ifl im i yle kur u ldu. Web tab a nl› içerik yön etim sist eminin çok yönlü kullan›m›na imkan tan ›mak a m ac › yla kur ulan flirk e tte, iflin b afl › nda bul unan Hamza Çak›r, Ercan Can ve Muh a rr e m Ç ak›r, Dortmund Üniv e rs it esi’nde bilgisayar müh e nd i sl i¤ i b ölüm mez unu.
D
2004 y›l › nda kur ulan flirk e tt e bafllang›çta hedef sad ece etnik p az a rken, daha sonra gen el e h itap etme kar ar› al›nm›fl. fiirk etin ismi de (trio-üç, vis-güç) ü çlü güce at›fta bul un arak konulmufl. fiirk e tl ere yön elik ilk web sit esi içerik mod ül ünü üç y›l sür ede haz › rl ayan ort a klar, b ug üne dek 20’ye yak›n mod ü l g el i flt i rdi. Triovis, web sit es i t as a rl amak ist ey e nl ere yön el i k
m od ü ll eri 99 euro ile 1099 euro aras › nda de¤ iflen dört farkl › f iy a ttan sat ›fla sun uyor. Program› int e rnet üzerinden ( w w w . t r i ovis.com) satan flirket, tekn ol oji derg il er i nde de yaz›l›ml ar ›n› 30 günl ü¤ ünü bed ava kulland ›r arak prom o syon yap›yor. M ü flt er il erine tas ar›m hizm et i de sunan genç gir ifl i mc il e r , web tas ar ›m› için 1200-2000 e uro aras › nda ücret talep ediyor. Triovis’in hedef kitlesi ise d aha çok küçük ve orta boy i fll e tmeler. B i lg is ayar tekn ol oj il er i nde etnik paz ara yön elik ifl yapm an › n s ›k › nt ›s ›na de¤ inen Hamza Çak›r, “Merc edes’e binen bir iflad am›, iht iyaç duydu¤u web sit es ini tan ›d›k bir ark ad afl›n çocu¤u yap ab ilir diye düfl ün eb ilir” diyor. Almanc an›n yan› s›ra progr am›n ‹ng il i zc es ini de ç›karmaya haz›rlanan genç gir ifl i mciler, T ü rk iye paz ar ›na da girm e k için de progr am› Türkç el e flt i rdi. Ortakl a rdan Ercan Can, T ü rk iye paz ar›nda çok umutlu o ld u kl ar ›n› ifade ediyor. œ
PRINTING
PROMAT, GROWING WITH WEB OFFSET
Promat recently opened a 25,000 square-meter facility in Turkey which employs 215 people.
hen the Printing Industries of America was formed in1887 with the purpose of disciplining the printing sector, the most highly prized new technology of the time was the linotype printing machine. The biggest problem for printing companies then was twofold, not only was there competition between them, but there was also labor unrest. Today the Printing Industries of America/Graphic Arts Technical Foundation is the world's largest printing and graphic arts alliance. The two organizations have a combined turnover of 171.7 billion dollars and employ nearly one million people.
en büyük s›k›nt›lar› ise aralar›ndaki rekabet ve iflçi anlaflmazl›klar›yd›. Bugün Printing Industries of America / Graphic Arts Technical Foundation, dünyan›n en büyük matbaa ve grafik sanatlar› birli¤i. ‹ki organizasyon, 171.7 milyar dolar ciro ve 1 milyonu aflk›n iflçiye istihdam sa¤l›yor. ABD’deki 1880’li y›llarda yaflanan rekabet kend ini Türkiye’de bir sonr aki yüzy › lda gösterdi. Türk iye, ilk rotatif ofset bask› makinesi ile gaz ete bas ›m› için 1963 y›l›nda tan › flt›. Bu tan›fl›kl›k rot atif mak in elerin Caspar Hermann taraf›ndan üretilmeye bafllamas › ndan yakl afl›k 51 y›l sonrayd›. Bask ›da linoteype ile bafll ay›p rotatif ofset ile devam eden süreç art›k yeni ça¤da yer ini web ofs ete b›r ak ›yor. K›sa zamanda çok fazla say›da bask› yap›lmas ›n a imkan tan›yan web ofs e tler, büyük volumlerle çal ›flan firmalar›n da tercih etti¤i bir bask› yöntemi. Matbaac›l›k serüveni ifladam› Ahmet Ürkmezgil taraf›ndan 1991 y›l › nda iki renkli bask› makinesi ile bafll ayan Promat Matbaa c ›l›k, 2007 y›l›nda 25 milyon Euro’luk yat›r›mla hizmete soktu¤u 32 ve 16 sayf al›k web ofset tesisleri ile bask› teknol oj ilerinde liderli¤ ini koruyor. ‹stanbul’da hizmete giren 25.000 metr ek are kapal› alana kurulu tesislerde 215 çal›flan ile hizmet veren Promat, tüm bask› çözümlerini ayn› anda iflleme alab il ec e¤i bir bask› üssüne sahip. Promat Matb aac›l›k Yön etim Kurulu Baflkan Yard›mc›s› Tolga Ürkmezgil, üretimde yüksek tir a jl›,
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The competition witnessed in the US in the 1880s was only felt by Turkey in the next century. Turkey used a rotary type offset printing machine to print newspapers for the first time in 1963. This came about 52 years after the machine was invented by Caspar Hermann. The period that started with linotype in printing and continued to rotary offset has now entered the age of web offset. This system, which allows a large amount of printing in a short period of time, is preferred by companies needing to print in larger volumes. Ahmet Ürkmezgil's adventures in printing began in 1991 with his company Promat Printing, which consisted of two-color printing machines. With a 25 mill ion Euro investment in 2007, Promat Web has retained its status as a leader in the printing sector with new 16and 32-page web offset facilities.
Tolga Ürkmezgil, Vice Chairman .Promat Yönetim Kurulu Baflkan of Promat Printing Company. Yard›mc›s› Tolga Ürkmezgil.
Promat recently opened a 25,000 square-meter facility in Turkey which employs 215 people. This new facility will serve as a base for all printing needs. Promat P r i nting Vice Chairman of the Board, Tolga Ürkmezgil states
Promat ‹stanbul’da hizmete giren 25.000 metrekare kapal› alana kurulu tesislerde 215 çal›flan ile hizmet veriyor. 82 • TurkofAmerica
m er ikan Bask› End ü strisi (Printing Industries of America) matbaa sektörünü disipline etmek amac›yla 1887 y›l›nda kuruldu¤unda, linotype olarak adland›r›lan bask› makineleri o dönemin gözde teknolojisiydi. Matbaalar›n
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PROMAT, WEB OFSET’LE BÜYÜYOR
that by bringing a high-circulation, fast printing rotary production system to Turkey, the company is continuing to expand. A PRINTING BASE LIKE AN ART GALLERY In 1993 Promat expanded its work facilities by building its first and only 7500 square-meter facility, Promate Base, in 1996. All processes undertaken related to high-quality printing, such as system operation CTP, film exit, digital rehearsal, and colored blue prints. Ürkmezgil states, “We h ave eight offset printing machines that of the latest technology and expanded capacity.” Promat uses high-quality and rapid procedures such as binding, cutting, folding, lamination, and handiwork for production that does not necessitate dependence on outs ide actors. Ürkmezgil states that the company is constantly investing in new and better technologies and writing new programs for customers on the web in o rder for them to attain up-to-date knowledge. The second generation is now on board at Promat, where founder Ahmet Ürkmezgil has witnessed, as in every sector, the difficulty of f i nding new, qualified personnel. Promat, however, seems to have overcome that potential handicap. Ahmet Ürkmezgil wished to
With a 25 million Euro investment in 2007, Promat has retained its status as a leader in the printing sector with new 16and 32-page web offset facilities.
emphasize the company's practice of finding their own personnel, whom they equip with the technical, comp uter, and social skills necessary to be successful at the c o mpany. The young boss states, “We are joining forces with high s c h ools and universities to promote practical training and education so that there is more experienced and talented personnel for the printing industry.” Ürkmezgil points out that when it c omes to investing, Turkey is often ahead of European countries. New inv e s tments, inc r e asing technology, expansion of the sector, and a monumental increase in exports can all be possible as a result of the opportunities provided by investment . Another aspect of Promat that sets it apart from other actors in the printing industry is its careful and serious attention to works of art. The firm has published multitudes of books, catalogs, and brochures of many renowned Turkish artists, in fields ranging from ceramics to photography. The Istanbul center located in the neighborhood of Avc›lar, looks like an art gallery more than a printing center. The firm's young manager, Tolga Ürkmezgil, states that in addition to providing printing for artists, they also provide services for personal picture collections. œ
Promat Matbaac›l›k, 2007 y›l›nda 25 milyon Euro’luk yat›r›mla hizmete soktu¤u 32 ve 16 sayfal›k web ofset tesisleri ile bask› teknolojilerinde liderli¤ini koruyor.
h › zl› bask› rotasyonunu Türk iye’ye getir erek büyüm eye devam ettikler ini söylüyor. SANAT GAL ER ‹S‹ G‹B‹ MATB AA ÜSSÜ 1993 y›l›nda çal›flma alan›n› geniflleterek büyüyen Promat, 1996 y›l›nda 7500 metr ek ar elik bir a l a nda Türkiye’de matb aa c ›l›k için infla ett irilen ilk ve tek binaya, Promat Üssü’ne, tafl›narak sektörde bir ilke daha imza att›. Sistem çal›flmas› CTP, film ç›k ›fl›, dijital prova, renkli ozalit gibi bask› öncesi ifllemler ile kaliteli bask› için gerekli tüm ifllemler Promat Üssü’nde gerçeklefltiriyor. Ürkmezgil, “Sekiz adet bask› makin esi ile ofset bask› konusunda en yüksek teknolojiye ve kapasiteye sahibiz” diye konufluyor. Ciltl eme, kesim, katl ama, laminasyon, el iflç il i¤i gibi prosesleri bünyesinde bulunduran Promat, ü r etim konusunda d›fla ba¤›ml› o lm adan müflteril er ine kal it eli ve h › zl› hizmet sunma imk an› tan ›yor. Ürkmezgil, teknol ojik yat ›r›mlar ›n› her alanda artt›ran ve müflt er il er inin de ifll eri ile ilg ili bilgi sah ibi olabilmesi için web üzerinden yeni yaz›l › mlar haz›rlad›kl ar ›n› söyl üyor. Promat’›n kurucusu Ahmet Ürkmezgil’den sonra ikinci neslin ifl bafl›nda oldukl ar› flirk e tte, özelikle her sektörde oldu¤u gib i matbaa sektöründe yaflanan kali-
f iye personel s›k›nt›s› afl›lm›fl durumda. Ürkmezgil, kurumun kendi personelini, gerek teknik anlamda, gerekse yüksek oranda bilgi paylaflma teknolojisi ile sosyal anlamda donan›ml› olarak yet i flt i rd i¤ini vurg ul uyor. Genç p a tron, ”Matb aa alan › nda e¤itim veren lise ve üniversit eler ile ba¤lant›ya geçip, yerinde pratik e¤itim fels ef es i yle, gelec e¤in donan›ml› matb aa personelinin de yetiflmes ine gön ü llü katk ›da bul unuyoruz” diyor. Türkiye’nin yat›r›mlar konusunda bir çok Avrupa ülkesinin önünde yer ald›¤› dile getiren Ürkmezgil, yap›lan yeni yat›r›mlar›n, teknolojisinin yükselmesine, sektörün genifllemesine ve ihracat rakamlar›nda ciddi bir art›fl› sa¤lamas›na vesile oldu¤unu ifade ediyor. P r omat’› matb aa endüstrisinde f a r kl› k›lan bir di¤er yan› da, özellikle sanat eserleri bas›m›ndaki ciddi ve titiz çal›flmalar›. Türk iye’nin foto¤raftan serami¤e kadar pek çok de¤iflik dalda isim yapm›fl sanatç›l ar ›n›n kitap, kat alog ve broflürl er ini basan Promat’›n, ‹stanbul Avc›lar’daki merkezi matbaadan çok bir sanat gal er isi havas›nda dizayn edilmifl. fiirketin genç yöneticisi Tolga Ürkmezgil, sanatç›l ara bas ›l› eserlerde sa¤lad ›¤› imk a nlar›n d›fl›nda, kifl isel resim koleks iy onu oluflturarak da destek oluyor. œ
TurkofAmerica • 83
MÜSLÜM BALABAN
THE GRAND MASTER OF GASTRONOMY Balaban is getting ready to open a new place with a 2.5 million Euro investment on Ehren, one of Cologne's high streets.
Having lived in Germany for 40 years, Müslüm Balaban opened his first restaurant in 1979.
40 y›ld›r Almanya’da yaflayan Müslüm Balaban ilk restoran›n› 1979 y›l›nda açt›.
GASTRONOM‹N‹N DUAYEN‹ Balaban Köln’ün en gözde caddelerinden Ehren’de yaklafl›k 2.5 milyon Euro’luk yat›r›mla yeni bir mekan açma haz›rl›klar›n› sürdürüyor. ologne- In general, many entrepren eu r ial imm i gr a n t s start their careers in any new country with a restaurant. Though easy to open, they are also easy to close. Being able to remain profitable takes incredible ingenuity.
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Müslüm Balaban is one Turkish restau r a nt eur in Germany who will be remembered for a long time to come. Having lived in G e rmany for 40 years, Balaban o p ened his first restaurant in 1979, then opened “Bosphorus” 84 • TurkofAmerica
in Cologne in 1982, foll owed by “Bongut” in 1985. Bosph orus is still run by Balaban's sibling. Upon the wish of Hocht ief, one of Germany's preeminent construct ion comp an ies, Bal aban o p ened a restaurant nam e d “ O p era” in 1988 in Germany's then-capital Bonn. He sold the three previous restaurants and is preparing to celebrate the 20th a nn iversary of Opera's opening. The restaurant still maintains a spot in the top five best restaurants of Bonn. When Bonn was
öln- Yurt d›fl › nda yafl am aya bafll ayan göçmen topl u ml ar › nda ilk ifl sah i pl eri gen e lde rest oran ifll e tm ec ili¤ i yl e p a tr o nl u¤a soy unur. Aç›lm as› k olay, ifll e tm esi zor rest oran i fl i nde dev a ml ›l›k ise en büy ü k m ar ifet.
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Müslüm Balaban, Almanya’da bir gün Türk restoran iflletmecili¤inin tarihi yaz›ld›¤›nda, isminin alt› kal›n kalemle çizilm esi ger eken ifll e tm ec il e rden. 40 y›ld›r Almanya’da yaflayan
ve ilk restoran›n› 1979 y›l›nda açan Balaban, 1982’de Köln’de Bosphorus, 1985’te “Bongut” isimli mekanlar› hizmete soktu. B o s ph orus halen Bal aban’›n kardefli taraf›ndan iflletiliyor. A lm a nya’n›n önde gelen infl aa t flirk e tl erinden Hocht ief’in de ist e¤ i yle dördüncü mek an›n› o y›llarda Bat› Alm a nya’n›n baflkenti olan Bonn’da, Opera ismiyle 1988’de faa l iy ete soktu. B al aban ilk açt ›¤› üç mek an› elden ç›k a rd› flimd il e rde Ope-
the capital, Opera was the center of the pol it ical, art i stic, and h i g h - s oc iety scenes. Balaban currently operates a beer garden in Leverkusen, the bar in the opera house of Bonn, the canteen in that building, and a 4200 square-meter relaxation center in the same city. He employs nearly 50 people in these endeavors. FROM SPITZ CAFE TO A MODERN RESTAURANT T h ere is a project that is preo cc u pying Balaban these days. You can see the excitement in his eyes when he describes it. He is getting ready to open a new place with a 2.5 mill ion Euro investment on Ehren, one of Cologne's high streets. The street, which has an 800-year history, spent 760 years of that time as home to the city's prostitutes. The street gained its modern-day status in the 1960s and the 870 square-meter location of Cafe Spitz has served well for 19 years as one of the important places to meet and be seen. Like Col o gne's fam ous Dom e Cath e dral, Cafe Spitz has become a symbol of the city so 170 firms, among them foo d g iants, comp eted to see who would gain the rights to repl ace the famed cafe with a new
one. Bal aban points out that his ext e ns ive exp er ie nce in g a st r onomy helped him win the comp et it ion. The new place which is named as Hammerstein's will open in the fall of 2007. The rest a urant will boast a staff of 45 and inst ead of serving trad it i onal Turkish food will mai nt ai n a menu drawing from var i ou s c ul inary cult ures. The seat i n g c ap acity of the new rest a ur a n t will be 350 peo pl e . Born in 1955, Bal aban is an entrepren eur who has closely researched the pract ices of rest a urants from around the world. Having witn e ssed the use of an open kitchen in New York, he implem e nted the same thing in his rest a urant. He bought the furn it ure for the rest a urant from famous French and Ital ian designers. He has adorned the walls with pict ures such as Picasso's Les Dem oiselles d'Avignon (The Young Lad ies of Avignon) and Edward Burne-Jones' “The Golden Stairs”. With these modern tend e ncies, Balaban has contrib uted a cert ain type of air to the rest a urant, which he summarizes by stating, “We have been living in Eur ope for forty years and we have to be mod e r n . ”œ
ra’n›n 20. y›l›n› kutl am aya haz›rl an ›yor. Mekan hal e n B o n n ’ d aki en iyi ilk befl rest oran aras › nda göst er il iyor. Opera Bonn’un baflkent old u¤u y›ll a rda, pol it ika, sanat ve sosy et e d ü ny as ›n›n gözde rest or a nl ar›ndan biri olarak faa l iyet göst e rdi. Bal aban, halen Lev e rk us e n ’ d e bir bira bahçesi, Bonn’daki opera bin as ›n›n bar ›n›, yine binan›n içind eki kant ini ve yine ayn› fleh i rde 4200 metr ek are büy ü kl ü¤ ü nde bir dinl e nme tesisinin ifll e tm esini yür üt üy o r . Y a kl afl› k 50 kifl iye ifl ver iyor.
lardan biri olan Cafe Spitz’in yerini al›p yeni bir mekan açmak için aralar›ndan uluslararas› büyük g›da devlerinin de yer ald›¤› 170 flirket yar›flt›. Balaban gastronomideki deneyiminin seçimde etkili oldu¤una vurgu yap›yor. Hammerstein’s ad› verilen mekan›n aç›l›fl tarihi olarak 2007’nin sonbahar› olarak planlan›yor. Yaklafl›k 45 kiflinin çal›flaca¤› yeni restoran, klasik bir Türk rest orandan ziyade genifl bir yemek çeflidi ile müflt er il er ini a¤›rl ayacak. Mekanda toplam oturma kapasitesi ise 350.
SPITZ CAFE’DEN MODERN R E ST OR ANA B al aban’› flimd il e rde hey ec a nl a nd ›ran büyük bir proje var. A nl at › rken içi içine s›¤m ›y o r . Köln’ün en gözde cadd el erinden Ehren’de yaklafl›k 2.5 mily o n E uro’luk yat ›r › mla yeni bir mekan açma haz › rl › kl ar›n› sürd ür üyor. 800 y›ll›k bir geçm ifl i olan cadde, yakl afl›k 760 y›l hayat kad › nl ar ›na evs ah i pl i¤i yapm›fl. 1960’larda bugünkü modern hal ini alan cadd eki 870 m e tr ek are büyükl ü¤ ü nd eki mekan, Cafe Spitz olarak 19 y›l fl e hrin gözde bul u flma yerler i nden biri olarak hizmet verdi. Köln’deki ünlü Dom Kilisesi gibi flehre sembol olmufl mekan-
1955 do¤umlu Balaban, dünyadaki restoran örneklerini de yak›ndan inceleyen bir giriflimci. New York’ta gördü¤ü ve hep hayalini kurdu¤u mutfa¤›n müflteriler taraf›ndan görünmesi projesini yeni yerinde hayata geçirmifl. Rest or an›n oturma gruplar› ünlü Frans›z ve ‹talyan markalardan al›nm›fl. Duvarlar ise Picasso’nun çizdi¤i Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (The Young Ladies of Avignon), Edward Burn e - J ones’un çizd i¤i “The Golden Stairs” gibi res i ml e rle süslü. Bal aban, modern çizgilerle restorana katt›¤› havay›, “40 y›ld›r Avrupa’da yafl›yoruz ve modern olmak zorunday›z” diye özetliyor. œ
Balaban employs nearly 50 Balaban yaklafl›k 50 people in these endeavors. kifliye ifl veriyor.
TurkofAmerica • 85
FAHR‹ YILDIZ
HEAVY SNORERS ARE IN HIS HANDS
HORLAYANLAR ONA EMANET
Dr. Fahri Y›ld›z has treated more than 80,000 patients until now and treats 25-40 patients daily.
Köln’de flu ana kadar 80 bin üzerinde hasta tedavi eden Dr. Fahri Y›ld›z, günlük 25-40 aras› hastaya bak›yor.
ologne-One hundred twentyfive students grad u at e d from Ist a nbul Univ e rsity's Çapa Med ical School in 1977. Of t h ose 125, 17 grad u ates went to Germany and 12 event ua l l y r et u rned to Turkey. In the yea r s when Turkey's right-left pol it ical div ide began to grow stronger and more dang er ous, Fahr i Y›ld›z dec ided to stay in G e rmany following the unfort un ate death of a friend in that c o n flict.
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iht isas s›n av ›na son anda girm edi. “Girs e ydim kaz an ac a kt›m ve ‹st a nbul’da kalac a kt›m. Tek çare s›n ava girm em e kti” diyor. Kendi köyünden tan›d›klar›ndan 3 bin mark borç al›p Almanca ö¤renmek için Goe the dil kursuna yaz › ld›. Almanc ay› ö¤renip Hannover Ünivers it esi Anest es i Bölümü’nü bitirdi. 3 y›l çocuk ve yeni do¤mufl bebek anest ez isi bölümünde bafl asistan olar a k çal›flt›. 1985 y›l › nda Ulm Üniversit esi KBB’de yeni iht is as ›na bafllad›. 1990 y›l ›na kadar ünivers itede kald›. Üst uzmanl›k olar a k ses bozukluklar› üzer ine ek ö¤renim gördü. Dr Y›ld›z, halen pek çok ünlü ses sanatç ›s ›n›n doktorlu¤unu yap›yor.
H aving attended high school in the US, it was nat ural for Y›ld › z to want to cont in ue his educ at ion abr oad. In fact, for this reason, after univ e rsity he dec ided not to enter the Ear-Nos e - T h r oat (ENT) spec ializ at ion exam. “If I had taken the test, I would h ave passed it and would have then stayed in Ist a nbul. My only choice was to not take the exam.” he states. Inst ead, he borr owed 3,000 marks from friends in his vill age and went to Germany to begin t aking German lang u age classes at the Goe the Inst it ute. After lea rning German, he stud ied at and graduated from Hann ov e r University's Anesthes i ology Dep a r tment. For three years he w o rked as head assistant. In 1985 he began to work at Ulm University's ENT department. He stayed at the univ e rsity until 1990. He held a senior pos it io n r eg a rding voice anomal ies. Dr. Y › ld›z cont in ues to treat many f am ous singers as a doctor. In Germany, where 90 per cent of pat ients are in the nat i onal i ns ur a nce scheme, Y›ld›z, in a 86 • TurkofAmerica
Dr. Y›ld›z continues to Dr Y›ld›z, halen pek çok treat many famous ünlü ses sanatç›s›n›n singers as a doctor. doktorlu¤unu yap›yor.
strategic calc ul at ion, dec ided to leave the nat i onal ins ur a nce system. He started to serve only t h ose with priv ate ins ur a nce or w i lling to pay out of their own p o cket for serv ices. THE PAN CLINIC Y › ld›z has been the head of the ENT dep a r tment at the Pan Clinic (www.pan-klinik.de) in Col o gne since 1999, while from 1991 until 1997 he was the chai rman of the Turkish-German D o ctors' Ass oc iation. In thos e y ears, there were nearly 1200 Turkish doctors working in G e rmany. The Pan Clinic bo-
Hastalar›n yüzde 90’› sig o rta sistem ine ba¤l› Almanya’da, Y›ld › z 1996 y›l › nda strat ejik bir kararla sig o rta sisteminden ayr›ld›. Sadece özel sigorta sah i pl er ine ve kendi paras ›n› ödeyen hastalara hizmet verm eye bafllad›.
öln- 1977 y›l › nda ‹st a nbul Üniv e rs itesi Çapa T›p Fak ü lt esi 125 mezun verdi. Okuldan o dönem mezun olan 17 kifli Alm a nya’ya geldi, 12’si geri döndü. Türk iye’de sa¤-sol siy as i çat›flm al ar›n›n t›rm a nm aya bafllad›¤› y›ll a rda, yak›n bir ark ad afl›n› kayb eden Fahri Y›ld›z, Almanya’da kal a nl a rdan bir i ydi.
PAN KL‹N‹K 1999 y›l›ndan beri Köln’deki Pan Klinik’te (www.pan-klinik.de) KBB böl ümü baflkanl›¤ ›n› yürütenY›ld›z, 1991-1997 y›ll ar› aras›nda Türk Alman Tab i pler Birli¤i baflk a nl ›¤ ›n› yapt›. Alm a nya’da o y›ll a rda 1200’e yak›n Türk doktor görev yap›yordu. Pan Klinik 10’un üzerinde bölümde hastal ara hizmet veriyor.
Lise son s›n ›f ›n› AFS-burs u yl a ABD’de okuyan Fahri Y›ld›z için kar iy er ini ülke d›fl › nda sürd ü rmek vazgeç i lmez bir tutk u ydu. Hatta bu yüzden üniv e rs ite sonr as› ‹st a nbul T›p Fakült esi’nin Kulak-Burun-Bo¤az(KBB)
RADYO FREKANSI ‹LE TEDAV‹ Horlama ve uyku aknesi, burun&ses cerrahisi ve prof e sy onel ses konular›nda uzmanlaflan Y›ld›z, horlama ted av isi ile ilg ili son geliflm el eri yak›ndan takip eden dünya çap›ndaki doktorlardan
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asts of more than ten dep a r tments serving many patients. TREATMENT WITH RADIO FREQUENCIES Y › ld›z is widely cons id ered to be a for emost expert on snoring and sleep apn ea, nose and voic e s u rgery, and problems part ic ular to profess i onal singers. He c l osely follows dev el o pments in the field of snoring and is a world-known doctor in this area. In fact, he is also an inn ov ator in his field. He was the first physician to treat tong ue, pal ate, and tonsil problems and snoring with rad io freq ue nc ies in E ur ope. He currently educ ates and gives sem inars to other doctors reg a rding the techn iq ue he d ev el oped with German eng in eers in 2001. Dr. Y›ld›z is the only doctor to o ffer spec ialized serv ices in ENT
Y›ld›z has been the head of the ENT department at the Pan Clinic in Cologne since 1999.
in Col o gne. Acc o rding to the doctor, “There were few who w ere brave enough to open their own priv ate pract ice but I think that I was able to see the way the wind was blowing early on.” He has treated more than 80,000 pat ients until now and treats 25-40 pat ients daily. He not only treats pat ients from Col o gne but also peo ple from other parts of Germany and even peo ple from Russia, Azerb a ijan, Arabic cou nt r ies, Eur ope, the Ukr a ine, Afr ica, and T u rkey. Having pres e nted at many int e rn at i onal conf erences, he brought tog e ther ten of the most well-known prof e ssors in Ist a nbul in April 2007 . Having already org an ized three intern at i onal conf er e nces until now, Y›ld›z has pres e nted the treatment methods he has dev el oped in sem inars all around the w o r l d .œ
biri. Kendi alan › nda pek çok ilkin önc üsü. Radyo frekanslar› ile dil, damak, bad e mcik ve horlam a yla ilg ili hastal›klar› ted av i eden Avrup a ’ d aki ilk isimlerden biri. 2001 y›l › nda Alman müh e ndis grubuyla birl i kte geliflt i rdi¤i teknik ile di¤er doktorlar› da seminerler vererek e¤it iyor. Köln’de özel olarak hizmet veren tek KBB uzm an› doktor olan Dr.
Y›ld›z, “Alm a nya’da özel muayenehane açm aya cesaretlenen çok az ancak ben gidiflat› zam an › nda gördüm” diyor. fiu ana k adar 80 bin üzerinde hasta ted avi eden Dr. Y›ld›z, günlük 2540 kadar hastaya bak›yor ve ortalama haft ada 20 cerrahi gir ifl i mde bul unuyor. Bunlar›n genelde yar›s› genel anest ezi alt › nda ve çokl u kla horlama, burun s inüs ameliyatlar›. Y›ld›z, sad ec e Köln’den de¤il, Almanya’n›n di¤er flehirl er inin yan› s›ra diger A vr upa ülk el eri, Arap ülk eleri, R u sya, Azerb a ycan, Ukr a yn a , A fr ika ve Türkiye’den hastalara b ak ›yor. Uluslararas› konf er a n slarda da boy göst eren Dr. Y›ld › z , N isan 2007’de Avrupa’n›n horlama ve uyku apn esi kon usunda en tan›nm›fl 10 prof es örünü ‹st a nbul’da bir araya get i rdi. Bug üne dek üç uluslararas› konf erans düzenleyen Y›ld›z, kend i gel i flt i rd i¤i tedavi metod unu davet edild i¤i düny an›n pek çok flehrinde seminerl e rle anlatt›.œ
Y›ld›z, 1999 y›l›ndan beri Köln’deki Pan Klinik’te KBB böl ümü baflkanl›¤›n› yürütüyor.
TurkofAmerica • 87
YILDIRAY CENG‹Z
THE ACTIVE CONSULTANT OF THE ETHNIC MARKET Cengiz is a consultant who played a large role in attracting Turks in Germany to brands such as Alo Vatan, DigitürkEuro, TOFAfi, and Ay Y›ld›z.
Cengiz instituted the first Call Center promising “7-day/24-hour/365-day service”.
Cengiz Almanya’da “7gün/24saat/365gün hizmet” sunan ilk Call Center’i de hayata geçirdi.
ETN‹K PAZARIN AKT‹F DANIfiMANI Cengiz, Türkleri hedef kitle olarak seçen Alo Vatan, DigitürkEuro, TOFAfi ve Ay Y›ld›z gibi markalar›n Türklere ulaflma projesinde etkin rol ald›. elsenkirchen- The market of Turkish consumers in Germany is rapidly beginning to seem like a good opportunity for German business owners. With a yearly net income of 16.6 billion Euro, Turkish immigrants are saving 2.1 billion Euro and spending 14.5 billion Euro every year, a figure which has not escaped the attention of Turkish German firms.
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88 • TurkofAmerica
One of the names often mentioned when discussing experts of the Turkish-oriented ethnic market is Y›ld›ray Cengiz. Cengiz is a consultant who played a large role in attracting Turks in Germany to brands such as Alo Vatan, DigitürkEuro, TOFAfi, and Ay Y›ld›z. Born in Uflak in 1968, his family immigrated to Germany in 1979.
elsenkirchen- Almanya´da etnik pazar ve tüketici olarak Türklerin Alman iflletmeleri aç›s›ndan cazibesi art›yor. Y›ll›k net geliri 16,6 milyar Euro´ya ulaflan Türk göçmenlerin tas a rrufa ay›rd › klar› 2,1 Milyar Euro ve 14,5 milyar Euro´luk tüketim harc amalar› Türkler Alman flirketleri için daha cazip hale getiriyor.
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Türklere yön elik etnik paz a rl amada dan › flman olarak görev yapan isiml e rden biri de Y›ld ›ray Cengiz. Türkleri hedef kitl e olarak seçen Alo Vatan, Dig itürk E uro, TOFAfi ve Ay Y›ld › z gibi mark al ar›n Türkl ere ulaflma p r oj esinde etkin rol alan Ceng i z , 1968 y›l› Uflak do¤ u mlu. Uflakl› göçmen bir ailenin çocu-
Taste of Nation
new
Now it’s in aluminum can
YILDIRAY CENG‹Z
He was educated in the then-popular “Turkish grade” system. He went on to one of the most distingui shed high schools in the area, the Schalker Gymnasium, where he earned his “Abitür” degree and enrolled in the Law and Economic Sciences Department of Bochum Ruhr University. He changed his plans after he got married and witn e ssed the birth of his daughter. He quit law school and instead got a degree in economics. During his school years, he started to work as a customer service representative at Citibank's Citifinanzberatung Call Center. After his univ e rsity graduation, Cengiz continued there as a project manager and finance auditor. During the years that German Telecom was privatized, he gladly entered the sector and took his first job at O.tel.o Communications, owned by VEBA and RWE. After serving as a manager at the Forecasting & Reporting and Call Center, Cengiz joined the team developing the first serious telecom project geared towards the Turkish market in Germany, named Alo Vatan. Alo Vatan was the brainchild of a Turkish businessman, Gökhan Inan, who had arrived in Germany from the US. In November 2000, Cengiz became the assistant general manager and director of customer services at Alo Vatan Telefondienste Limited. Alo Vatan rose to be third in the market after Deu t sche Telecom and O.tel.o. and was employing nearly 200 people. After a while when certain necessary investments failed to be made, Alo Vatan began to lose ground and backtrack. Cengiz, along with the management, instituted the first Call Center promising “7-day/24hour/365-day service”. He also directed the cable TV platform DigiTurk Euro. BUSINESS TO TURKS Cengiz left Alo Vatan in 2002 and formed Ekip Consulting & Services, where he modified the B2B 90 • TurkofAmerica
and B2C concepts to a B2Turks concept. With references from companies such as the 100-year old giant of the German business world RWE Gas, TOFAfi, and international media and communications firms Arvato and Citibank, Cengiz provides services and counseling in the areas of ethnic marketing geared towards the Turkish community, call centers, job development (e.g. B2Germany and B2Turkey), consulting, m ed ia cons u lting, prod u ct io n , and promotion. Ekip is also producing a TV program called “Buradakiler” (“The Ones Here”). Already known as an innovator in his field, no one was surprised to see Cengiz involved in the development in 2005 of the first Turkish mob ile telephone firm, Ay Y›ld›z (Crescent and Star) in Germany. He served in the position of dir e ctor of marketing and cust omer relations until the end of 2006. He claims that brand recogn it ion of Crescent and Star inc r e ased by 79 per cent in six months. Cengiz continues to provide Crescent and Star services as a strategic consultant. Noting that many German companies have, in the past, held prejud ic ial notions about investing in the Turkish market, Cengiz states that the solid performance of Crescent and Star has caused many to overcome that kind of limited thinking. Cengiz also devotes a lot of his time to social activities. He is president of Gelsenkirchen's Integration Parliament (previously known as the Foreign Parliament) and is Vice-President of the Kuzeyren Westphalia Turkish Community, President of the Uflak Culture and Cooperation Association, and is on the Board of the Büyükçekmece-Gelsenkirchen Sister City Association. A member of the Board of Directors of the Turkish-German Businessmen's Association NRW (TDU), Cengiz is also a member of the Fenerbahçe Fans Association.œ
¤u olan Cengiz’in Almanya maceras› 1979’da bafllad›. O y›llar›n meflhur “Türk s›n›flar›nda” e¤itim gördü. Yaflad›¤› flehrin gözde liselerinden biri olan Schalker Gymnasium’dan “ A b itür” diplomas› ald› ve Bochum Ruhr Üniversitesi’nde Hukuk ve ‹ktisadi Bilimler fakültelerine kay›t oldu. Evlilik sonras› k›z›n›n do¤umu planlar›n›n de¤iflmesine neden oldu. Hukuk ö¤reninimini durdurup, iktisat fakültesini yüksek lisans yaparak tamamlad›. Okul y›ll ar › nda Cit ibank kur ul uflu olan Cit if in a n zb er at u n g ’ t a Call Center müflt eri dan › flm an › o l arak çal › flm aya bafll ad›. Üniv e rs ite mez un iy et inin ard › nd a n p r oje müd ürü ve finans kont r ol orü olarak devam etti. Alman Tel ekom’un özell e flt ir i ld i¤i y›ll a rda, ›sr a rla girmek isted i¤i tel ek om ün ik a syon sekt örüne VEBA ve RWE’ye ait olan O.tel.o Communications’da ad›m att›. F or ec a sting & Rep o rting ve Call Center müdürlügü gibi görevlerden sonra Almanya’daki T ü r kl erin ilk ciddi tel ekom projelerinden biri olan Alo Vatan flirketinin kurulufl aflamas›nda proejeye dahil oldu. Alo V atan ABD’den Almanya’ya gelen ifladam› Gökhan ‹nan’›n p r oj esiydi. Cengiz, Kas›m 2000’de Alo Vatan Telefondienste GmbH flirketinde genel müdür yard›mc›s› ve müflteri hizmetleri direktörlü¤ü görevleri üstlendi. Alo Vatan, Deutche Telekom ve O.tel.o’nun ard›ndan pazarda üçüncü s›raya kadar yükseldi. 200’e yak›n kifliye ifl verir duruma gelmiflti. Bir süre sonra gerekli yat›r›mlar yap›lmay›nca Alo Vatan’da ifller gerilemeye bafllad›. Cengiz, yön etic il i¤inin yan › ndan Almanya’da “7gün/ 2 4 s aat/365gün hizmet” sunan ilk Call Center’i de hayata geçirdi. Kablo üzerinden yay›n yapan TV platformu DigiTurk Euro projesini yönetti.
BUSINESS TO TURKS Alo Vatan’dan ayr›ld › ktan sonra 2002 y›l›nda kurdu¤u Ekip Consulting & Services ile B2B, B2C g ibi kavr a ml a rdan sonr a B2Turks kavr am ›n› yaratan ve referanslar› aras › nda 100 y›ll › k dev Alman flirk eti RWE Gas, TOFAfi, uluslar ar as› medya ve k om ünik a syon flirk eti Arv ato ve Cit ibank gibi kur u mlar bul unan Cengiz, yurtd ›fl › nda yafl ayan Türkl ere yön elik etnik paz a rl ama, arama merk ezi, ifl gelifltirme (B2Germany, B2Turkey), dan › flmanl›k, medya dan › flm a nl ›¤› ve produdks iy onu ile prom o syon a l a nl ar › nda hizmet sun uyor. Ekip ayr ›ca “Burad ak iler” adl› bir TV progr am ›n›n yap›mc›s›. Ço¤u ilkl erin içinde ismi yer alan Cengiz, Almanya’daki ilk Türk mobil tel efon flirketi olan Ay Y›ld›z mark as ›na 2005’te bafllang ›c › ndan itib aren dahil oldu. 2006’n›n sonlar›na kadar geç ici olarak paz a rl ama ve müflteri iliflkileri dir e kt ö rl üg ünü üstlenen Cengiz, mark an›n alt› ayda tan › nma oran ›n›n yüzde 79’a u l a flt ›¤ ›n› söyl üyor. Cengiz, Ay Y›ld›z’da strat ejik dan › flm a nl ›¤ a devam ediy o r . Alman flirketlerin Türklere yönelik faaliyet gösteren flirketlere yat›r›m yapmaya karfl› bir ön yarg› bulundu¤una dikkat çeken Cengiz, Ay Y›ld›z’›n performans›n› gören di¤er flirketlerin bu ön yarg›y› yendiklerini vurguluyor. Ayn› anda sosyal aktiv it el ere de yo¤un zaman ay›ran Cengiz, Gelsenk i r chen kent inin Uyum Meclisi (eski ad›yla Yabanc›lar Meclisi) Baflkan›, Kuzeyren Westfalya Türk Topl umu (TG NRW) Baflkan Yard›mc›s›, Uflak Kültür ve Dayan › flma Derne¤i Baflkan› ve Büyükçekmece-Gelsenkirchen Kardeflflehir Derne¤i’nin yönetiminde. Türk-Alman ‹fladaml ar› Derne¤i NRW (TDU) Yönetim Kurulu Üyesi olan Cengiz, Köln Fenerbahç el iler Derne¤i yönetim kurulund a .œ
CEVIK
THE INIMITABLE STONE FROM THE EXPORT LEADER he turnover from the exp o r t of nat ural stones and marble from Turkey reached 1 mill ion d o llars in 2006. In the int e rn at i onal arena, Turkish firms are strongly comp et it ive with those in other count r ies, part ic ularly the Amer ican market. There are t h ought to be 650 diff erent types of marble in Turkey, which is known as a marble-rich country. With this much var iety, it is unavoidable that Turkey would have the upper hand in the market. Çevikler, one of Turkey's largest n at ural stone export firms, has m ade its name with the inim it a ble stone Noche trav e rt ine. Because of its high quality and specialty, the stone cannot be imitated and in the market is known as Kayseri travertine.
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Çevikler Group Chai rman of the B oard of Dir e ctors, Halil ‹brahim Çevik states that they were responsible for int r oducing the N o che stones that they extract from P›narb afl› in the prov i nce of Kayseri to the world and have since then pop ul ar ized it. The reserve of the Noche trav e rtine is the biggest Noche reserve in the world. Ç evik notes that they maintain the healthiest amount of reserves in Turkey and also have the largest stone extracting fac il it ies in the country. “At the other reserves, the quality of the ston e s eventually degr ades and the stones retain various shades of color but it's not like the stones here”. He adds, “With Noche, we h ave brought som e thing else to the world and Kayseri is now known for som e thing other than pastrami.” The stones are currently being sold in Home Depot and Loews, among other American de92 • TurkofAmerica
r at arak paz a rda avantaj elde e tmek kaç ›n › lmaz. Türk iy e ’ n i n d o¤al tafl ihr ac at›nda en büyük firm al a rdan biri olan Çev i kler, Amer ikan paz ar ›n a s u nd u¤u taklit edil em ey e n N o che trav e rteni ile farkl›l›k y ar atan flirk e tl e rden. Noche k al itesi ve özelli¤i ned eniyle t a klit edil em iyor ve piyas ad a K a ys eri trav e rt eni olarak tan ›n ›yor. Ç ev i kler Grubu Yön etim Kur ulu Baflk an› Halil ‹brahim Ç evik, P›narbafl›, Kays eri’deki o c a kl ar › ndan ç›k a rd › kl ar › N o che tafll ar ›n› tüm düny ay a t an › tt › kl ar ›n› ve farkl›l›k yar a tt › klar›n› söyl üyor. Noch e t a fll ar ›n›n ç›kt ›¤› rez e r vl e r d ü ny an›n en büyük noche rez e rvi olma özelli¤ine sah i p . T es i sl erin Türk iye’nin tafl aç›s › ndan en büyük ve en sa¤l › kl › r ez e rvi oldu¤unu vurgul ay a n Ç evik, “Di¤er rezervl e rde bir s üre sonra tafl kal itesi boz uluyor farkl› renkl e rde tafllar ç›k ›yor ancak buras› öyle de¤il,” diyor ve ekl iyor: “Noch e ile past › rm adan sonra Kays eri’yi düny aya tan ›t acak yeni bir ürün gel i flt i rdik.”
Halil Ibrahim Cevik
‹HRACAT L‹DER‹NDEN TAKL‹T ED‹LEMEYEN TAfi p a r tment stores. Çevik states the f o ll owing, “Currently we have a d epot in Flor ida. In order to b e tter serve our cust omers, we will open depots in other stat e s in the US and replenish thos e stocks so that there are always e n ough stones.” Çev i kler Group currently prov ides 1500 peo ple with empl o yment in its four factories (two in Kays eri, one
ü rk iye’nin 2006 y›l› do¤ a l tafl ve mermer ihr ac at› topl am› 1 milyar dol ar› aflt › . U l u sl ar aras› aren ada Türk flirk e tler özell i kle ABD paz ar›nda da k›y as ›ya bir rek ab e t i ç i nde. Bir mermer ülkesi olan Türk iye'de halen 650 çeflit merm e r oldu¤u tahmin ediliyor. Bu k adar çeflit içinde farkl ›l›k ya-
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T a fllar ABD paz ar › nda Hom e Depot ve Loews gibi büyük d ep a r tman ma¤ az al ar›nda da s at ›fla sunul uyor. Çevik, “Halen Flor ida’da bir dep omuz faa l iyet göst er iyor. Müflt er il er im ize daha iyi hizmet ver eb i lmek icin ABD’nin di¤er eyal e tl er i nde de dep olar açac a¤ › z ve sür e kli dep ol ar ›m › zda stok b ul u nduraca¤›z” diyor. Çev i k , h alen Türk iy e ’ d eki dört fabr ik ada -ikisi Kays eri, biri Sivas, b iri de ‹zmir’de olmak üzere – 1500 kifl iye ist i hdam sa¤l ad›kl ar ›n› ve üç fabr ik ada mal yet i flt i rmek için üç vard iye çal › flt › kl ar ›n› vurg uluyor. Çevikler, m e rm erin d›fl › nda faa l iyet göst e rd i¤i det e rjan, otel, krom ifll e tm el er i nde yakl afl›k 5000 kifl iye ist i hdam sa¤l ›yor. Cvk D›fl Tic aret, Cvk Mineral
in Sivas, and one which will be in Izmir). In order to fulfill all the orders in the three fact or ies, e m pl oy ees rot ate in shifts of t h r ee. Çev i kler Group empl oyed t otal 5000 peo ple in diff erent s e ctors such as tourism, chrome m ining , and chem ical. Ç ev i kler Group is comp r ised of Cvk Foreign Trade, Cvk Min eral Mining, Çev i kler Marbl e , M amet Mining, Aldas Hot e l s , and Kar i zma Chem ical. This m akes the company a huge player in the nat ural stone export b us iness. The company is the l a rgest in the chrome market (mining and exp o rting) and c o ntrols 40 percent of the Turkey chrome market. CVK For eign Trade and CVK Min er a l rank in the top five exporting firms in Turkey. The total export vol ume of Cev i kler ranks 373 in Turkey export comp an ies. THEY STARTED IN BEfiTEPELER Ç ev i kler Marble, the comp a n y which int r od uced Noche to the US, was formed in 1995 in the K a ys eri district of P›n a rb afl› as a f amily company. In its first years, the firm oper ated a kiln in B e flt ep eler, which is the loc at io n w h ere the stones used for M. K emal Atatürk's mau s ol eum in A nk ara were ext r a cted. Aft e r that date, in response to inc r e asing demand, the company inv e sted in a factory near a loc at ion repl ete with trav e rt ine beds. Today they prod uce 180,000 cubic-meters of trav e rt ine blocks and they process and p a ck age units at a yearly rate of 3.5 mill ion squar e - m eters. The Yellow Travertine operational fac ility and factory, which the company opened with the same purpose in Sivas's Y›ld ›z eli district, is continuing their investment patterns. The products made from both fact or ies are exported to the US, in addition to other countries such as China, Italy, S p ain, England, and Greece.
H alil ‹br ahim Çevik ties the c o mpany's success to their close logist ical and regional loc ation to the mines, which in terms of product ion and cost gives them an advantage over their comp et itors. LEADERS IN CHROME PRODUCTION Besides Çevikler Marble and Mining's travertine production, they are also leaders in the chrome mining sector. They began by investing with Group partners that also grew up in the same district of P›narbafl›. Together they scouted for nearby chrome mining locations. After a while, the chrome business expanded to the whole c ountry. Çevikler still produces chrome in Kayseri, Sivas, Erzincan, Bursa, Küt a hya, Adan a , Kars and Elaz›¤. In addition to selling the chrome they produce, they also procure chrome from o ther producers and sell to the m a rket. For Çevikler, which gen erally sells directly to the international market, China and Russia are the largest buyers. According to Halil ‹br ahim Çevik, “We don't sell chrome directly to the US but we sell to US-based companies in China.” CHARISMA DE LUX One of the recent areas in which Çevikler Group has inv e sted is the tourism sector. Halil Çevik explains that they recently opened a 5-star, 150-bed hotel in K ufl ad as›, in the prov i nce of Ayd›n, 'We opened this hotel with the idea of it as the first in a chain of other hotels. Our goal is to carry the “Char i sma” brand to other regions and to create hotels around the world with 5-star rep ut ations.” The latest market that Char i sma has zer oed in on for service are Amer ican tourists. They are working with an Amer ican tour operator to arr a nge hotel, cultural, and religious tours to Turkey. Çevik states that they cont in ue to search for m ines in various regions and to research diff erent sectors in which to involve thems e lv e s .œ
Mad e nc ilik, Çevikler Mermer, Mamet Maden, Aldafl Otelc ilik ve Kar i zma Kimy a ’ d a n oluflan flirk e tler topl ul u¤u ile T ü rk iye’nin do¤al tafl ihr ac at ›n›n bafl akt ö rl er i nden olan Çevikler, krom paz ar ›n›n da üretim ve ihr acatta en büy ü¤ü. T ü rk iye krom paz ar ›n›n yüzd e 40’›n› kontrol ediyor. CVK D›fl Ticaret ve CVK Mineral, T ü rk iye mermer ihr acat s›r alam as › nda ilk befl flirket aras › nda yer al›yor. Çev i kl e r Grubu mermer, traverten ve krom ihr ac at› topl am › yla Türkiy e ’ d eki bütün firm alar içinde ihr acatta 373. s›r ada yer al›yor. BEfiTEPELER’DE BAfiLADILAR ABD’yi Noche tafll ar› ile tan › flt ›ran Çev i kler Merm e r , 1995 y›l›nda Kays eri ilinin P›narbafl› ilç es i nde bir aile flirk eti olarak kur u ldu. fiirket ilk y›ll a rda Türk iye Cumh ur iy eti’nin kur ucusu M.Kemal Atatürk’ün naafl› için yap ›l a n A n › tk abir’in tafll ar ›n›n temin edildi¤i Beflt ep eler mevk ii nd e ocak ifll e tmec il i¤i yapt›. O tarihten sonra artan talep karfl ›l›¤›nda trav e rten yat a klar ›n › n yak›n bölgede ifll e nmesi amac›yla fabr ika yat ›r ›m ›na giriflti. Bugünkü traverten blok üret imi y›lda 180 bin metr ek ü p , toplam ifll eme ve pak e tl eme ünitesi y›lll›k 3,5 milyon metrekare olarak devam ediyor. fiirketin ayn› amaçla açt ›¤› Sivas ili Y›ld›z eli ilçes i nde Sar› T r av e rten ifll e tm esi ve fabr ik a yat ›r ›m› ise devam ediyor. Her iki ifll e tm eden elde edil e n ü r ü nler, baflta ABD olm a k üzere Çin, ‹talya, ‹sp a nya, ‹ngilt ere ve Yunan i stan gibi ülkel ere de ihraç ediliyor. H alil ‹br ahim Çevik, sekt ö rd eki ayr ›c al › kl ar ›n›n mad e n sahal ar ›n›n hemen yani bafl ›n a k u rd u kl ar› fabr ik al ar›n loj i stik ve bölgesel dest e kl e rd e n faydalanm as›, üretim ve mal iyet aç›s › ndan rak i pleri karfl ›-
s›nda avant a jl› hale get i rm es ine ba¤l ›yor. KROMDA L‹DER Çevikler Mermer ve Madencilik traverten çal›flmalar›n›n yan› s›ra, krom maden sahas› iflletme konusunda da uzman. ‹lk olarak Grubun ort a klar›n›n do¤up büy üd ü kl eri P›n a rb afl › ilçesi ve çevresinde krom maden sah alar› bulup ifll e tm ey e aç›ld›. Daha sonra krom ifllemesi k›sa sürede geliflerek ülkenin di¤er illerine yay›ld›. Çevikler halen Kayseri, Sivas, Erzincan, Bursa, Kütahya, Adana, Kars ve Elaz›¤ gibi illerde krom ifllet iyor. Kendi ocaklar › nd a üretti¤i krom sat›fl›n›n yan› s›ra di¤er krom üreticilerinden de mal tedarik edip pazara sat›fla sunuyor. Sat›fllar› genelde direk ihracat olarak yapan Çevikler için Çin ve Rusya ana pazar konumuda. Halil ‹brahim Çevik, “Krom ihracat›nda direkt ABD’ye sat ›fl›m›z yok fakat Çin’de bulunan Amer ik a n menfleili firmalara sat›fl yap›yoruz” diyor. CHARISMA DE LUX Çevikler Grubu’nun son olarak yat ›r›m yapt › kl ar› alanl a rdan biri ise turizm sekt ör ü . Ayd›n ilinin Kufl ad as› ilçes i nde 150 yatak kap asit eli 5 y›ld›z üstü bir otel açt › kl ar ›n › söyleyen Halil ‹br ahim Çev i k , “Bu otel ile kurm ay› düfl ü nd ü¤ümüz zinc irin ilk halkas ›n › h i zm ete açt›k. Amac ›m › z “Charisma” mark as ›n› baflk a bölgel ere de tafl ›mak ve ulusl ar ar as› 5 y›ld›z ifll e tm el e r s t a nd a rd›nda hizmet veren bir oteller zinc iri yar a tmak” diye konufluyor. Char i sma’n›n hedef olarak seçt i¤i ve hizmet ett i¤i birinci pazar ise Amer ik al› tur i s tler. Otel, kültür ve dini turlar düzenleyen Amerikal› tur oper at ö rl eriyle çal ›fl ›yor. Ç evik, de¤ iflik bölg el e rd ek i maden saha aray › fll ar ›na devam ettikl er ini, farkl› sekt ö rlerde araflt › rm alar yapt › kl ar ›n › sözler ine ekl iyor. œ TurkofAmerica • 93
YILMAZ DO⁄AN
ONE OF THE BEST 900:
TABLO RESTAURANT
Tablo was chosen by the well-respected French gastronomy guide Gault Millau as one of the top 900 restaurants in Germany. Türk iflçiye istihdam sa¤layan Essen, art›k ifl hayat›nda boy gösteren pek çok Türk giriflimciye sahip bir flehir. G a st r on omi, Türk ifll e tmecilerin gözde sekt ö rl er i nden biri. S › kl › kla aç›l›p kap anan ya da el de¤ i flt iren ifll e tmelerin yan › s ›ra ist i kr ar› ile flehrin yem e - i çme hay at ›na renk katan rest or a nl a rdan biri de Tablo Rest a urant. E ss e n ’ d eki iki Türk rest or an › ndan biri olan Tablo’da, men üyü inc el ey ene kadar dizayn ve mimariden bir Türk rest or an › nda old u¤ un uzu fark e tmek mümkün de¤il.
The restaurant's owner, Tablo’nun sahibi Y›lmaz Do¤an Y›lmaz Do¤an
ssen- One of Germ a n y ' s most imp o rtant centers of c oal and steel production, Essen is leaving the typical identity of a man uf a ct uring city behind. C h osen as a cult ural capital of E ur ope, every corner of the city has turned into a large const r u ction site. Essen's pop ul at io n n u mbers 600,000 and it plays host to the hea dq ua rters of 10 of Germany's largest 100 firms. It is loc ated in the Ruhr region and is also the sixth largest city in Germany. For many years,
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Tablo, sayg›n Frans›z rehberi Gault Millau taraf›ndan üç y›l üst üste Almanya’n›n en iyi 900 restorandan biri seçildi. 94 • TurkofAmerica
T u rkish workers flocked her e for factory jobs, but lately Essen has bec ome the scene for many T u rkish ent r e pr en eurs. Gastronomy is a favor ite among Turkish businessmen. Alth ough t h ere is always a steady stream of restaurants that open and close or change hands, one restaurant that has maintained stab ility in the eating and drinking life of the city is Tablo Restaurant. One of Essen's two Turkish restaurants is Tablo, although
ssenAlmanya’n›n en önemli kömür ve çelik üretim merkezl er i nden biri olan Essen sanayi flehri kimli¤i bir t ar afa b›rak ›yor. Avr up a ’ n › n kültür baflkenti olarak seçilen fl e hrin her köfl esi flant iy eye dönmüfl durumda. Halen 100 b üyük Alman flirk etinin 10’unun merkezinin yer ald›¤› ve yaklafl›k 600 bin nüfusa sahip Essen, Ruhr bölgesi olarak an›lan co¤rafyada Almanya’n›n en büyük alt›nc› flehri. Geçmifl y›llarda fabrikalar›nda binlerce
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R e st or an›n sah ibi 38 yafl › nd aki -yafl olarak 25 göst e rse degenç ifll e tmeci Y›lmaz Do¤an, 1993 y›l › ndan beri gast r on omi s e kt ör ü nde. 135 oturma kap as it eli rest oran, gast r on om i s e kt ör ü nde de¤ e rl e nd i rme yapan sayg›n Frans›z rehb eri Gault Mill au tar af›ndan 2004, 2005 ve 2006’da üç y›l üst üste Alm a nya’n›n en iyi 900 rest or a ndan biri seç i ldi. Hal e n ü lke gen el i nde 100 bin üzer i nde rest oran faa l iyet göst er iyor. ‹ mbis ad› ver ilen Türkl ere ait d öner büf el erinin say ›s› ise 15 bin civ ar › nda. 17 kifl inin çal›flt ›¤› Tablo’da kifl i bafl› ortalama yemek yeme bedeli 25-30 euro civ ar›nda. Do¤ a n , bu fiy at›n iyi restoranlar›n uygulad›¤› bir fiyat old u¤ unu söylü-
EN ‹Y‹ 900’DEN B‹R‹:
TABLO RESTAURANT
OUTSIDE OF THE CLASSIC LINES
KLAS‹K Ç‹ZG‹N‹N DIfiINDA
Born in the Besli district of Ad›yaman, Y›lmaz Do¤an opened Tablo Restaurant to customers five years ago. 'When the words “Turkish restaurant” is uttered, people automatically think of kebap and döner', states Do¤an, who goes on to explain his design. The sleek, modern designs of the restaurant fit his desire to work outside of the clichés of typical Turkish restaurants in Germany. “I was a classic restaurant customer. At every restaurant I went to I tried to think of what the customer wants, what their expectations are, as a customer myself.” He has also used Ad›yaman region cuisine in his menu. He has been married for fifteen years and has two children.
Ad›yaman’›n Besli ilçesi do¤umlu olan Y›lmaz Do¤an, Tablo Restaurant’› befl y›l önce hizmete açt›. “Türk restoran› denince akla kebap ve döner geliyor” diyen Do¤an, bu kliflesinin d›fl›nda ç›kmak içinde yeni mekan› daha modern bir çizgide olmas›na özen gösterdi¤ini söylüyor. “Klasik bir restoran müflterisiydim. Gitti¤im yerde müflteri ne ister, beklentileri ne olabilir bunlar› bile biri olarak açt›m” diyor. Memleketi Ad›yaman yöresi yemekleri de restoran menüsüne sokan Do¤an, 15 y›ll›k evli ve iki çocu¤u var.
RES‹M DUSUK
you can't immediately understand that from its design or architecture. It's only when you peruse the menu that you can comprehend its cuisine. The rest a urant's owner, Y›lm a z D o¤an, is 38 years old (alth ough he looks 25) and has been i nv o lved in the gast r onomy sector since 1993. The restaurant, which has a seating cap acity of 135, was, in 2004, 2005, and 2006, chosen by the well-resp e cted French gast r onomy guide Gault Mill au as one of the top 900 rest a urants in Germany. There are currently mor e than 100,000 rest a urants oper ating in the country while ther e are 15,000 Turkish döner vendors called “imbiss”. The average price of a dinner per p e rson at Tablo, which empl o y s 17 peo ple, is around 25-30 Eur o and Do¤an states that this is an average price for good restaurants. Around 90 percent of customers at Tablo are German.
D o¤an's eventual goal is to expand the restaurant into a chain. Managing a restaurant in Germany necessitates serious capital. Opening an upscale restaurant requires roughly 500,000 Euros. A large amount of the responsibility in such a restaurant lies with the chef. However, one of the biggest problems Turkish restaurateurs face is being able to bring chefs from Turkey to Germ a n y , which is no longer as easy as it used to be. Do¤an points out that the laws have made it harder to hire chefs from Turkey. Tablo Rest a urant also offers apprenticeships to culinary students wishing to enter the profession through their techn ical schools. The students attend classes at school twice a week and then spend their apprenticeships at Tablo three days of the week. Do¤an states that not every restaurant offers such apprenticeship opportun it ies to students.œ
yor. Tablo’nun müflt er il er in i n y a kl afl› k yüzde 90’n› Alman. D o¤an’›n Tablo ile ilg ili gelece¤e d önük hayali ise restoran› bir zincir hal i nde dön ü fltürmek.
en önemli s›k›nt›s› Türk iye’den ahç› get i rm enin esk is i kadar kolay de¤il. Do¤an, yas al a rla ahç› get i rme iflinin zorl a flt ›r›ld ›¤ ›n› söyl üyor.
Restoran ifll e tmesine soyunmak Alm a nya flartl ar › nda ciddi bir serm aye ger e kt iriyor. ‹yi bir rest oran açma mal iy eti 500 bin euro civ ar › nda. Rest or a nda en büyük sor u ml ul u kl a rd a n b iri de ahç›ya ait. Ancak Alm a ny a ’ d aki Türk ifll e tmelerin
T a blo Rest a urant meslek e¤it im i k on us u nda da ahç›l›k ö¤r en e nl ere e¤itim de ver iyor. Ö¤r e nc iler iki gün okula, üç gün rest or ana gelerek meslek ö¤r en iyor. Do¤an, meslek e¤it imi verm en i n her rest oran tar af › ndan yap›l amad ›¤ ›na dikk a t çek iyor. œ