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  • Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers

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    espresso1011
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    Acrylic and modacrylic fibers are manufactured fibers made primarily of acrylonitrile. Acrylic fibers contain at least 85% acrylonitrile by weight, while modacrylic contains between 35-85% acrylonitrile. The main difference is the amount of acrylonitrile each contains. Acrylic fibers are strong but lose some strength when wet. Modacrylic fibers are more difficult to ignite than acrylic and self-extinguish when exposed to flame. Both acrylic and modacrylic fibers are used in apparel, home furnishings, and carpeting due to their soft, light weight properties.

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    fibre science

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    Acrylic and modacrylic fibers are manufactured fibers made primarily of acrylonitrile. Acrylic fibers contain at least 85% acrylonitrile by weight, while modacrylic contains between 35-85% acrylonitrile. The main difference is the amount of acrylonitrile each contains. Acrylic fibers are strong but lose some strength when wet. Modacrylic fibers are more difficult to ignite than acrylic and self-extinguish when exposed to flame. Both acrylic and modacrylic fibers are used in apparel, home furnishings, and carpeting due to their soft, light weight properties.

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    2K vues9 pages

    Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers

    Transféré par

    espresso1011
    Acrylic and modacrylic fibers are manufactured fibers made primarily of acrylonitrile. Acrylic fibers contain at least 85% acrylonitrile by weight, while modacrylic contains between 35-85% acrylonitrile. The main difference is the amount of acrylonitrile each contains. Acrylic fibers are strong but lose some strength when wet. Modacrylic fibers are more difficult to ignite than acrylic and self-extinguish when exposed to flame. Both acrylic and modacrylic fibers are used in apparel, home furnishings, and carpeting due to their soft, light weight properties.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PPT, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
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    Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers

    Acrylic A manufactured fiber in which the fiber


    forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer
    composed of at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile units
    .
    Modacrylic A manufactured fiber in which the fiber
    forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer
    comprised of less than 85% but atleast 35 % by weight of
    acrylonitrile units , except fibers qualifying under
    subparagraphs 2 of paragraph j ( rubber) and the fiber
    qualifying under paragraph g ( anidex)

    The difference between acrylics and modacrylics is the


    weight of the acrylonitrile units present .
    Acrylic is 100% acrylonitrile .
    Modacrylic is 60% vinyl chloride and 40% acrylonitrile .

    Acrylonitrile may be made from acetylene or from


    ethylene .
    Etylene is treated with hypochlorous acid to form
    chlorohydrin.
    Chlorohydrin is reacted with sodium hydroxide to form
    ethylene oxide .
    Hydrocyanic acid is added to the ethylene oxide ,
    producing cyanoalcohol , which is dehydrated to yield
    acrylonitrile .
    The acrylonitrile is then polymerised into poly
    acrylonitrile resin , a long linear polymer .
    The poly-acrylonitrile is dissolved in a suitable solvent ,
    such as dimethyl- formamide , and extruded through a
    spinneret.
    After cogulation , the filaments are oriented and
    stabilized by stretching .

    Properties
    Color , lustre , fineness and length can vary . Only staple
    fibers are produced .
    Microscopic features determined by method used for
    spinning .
    Tenacity - Stronger than wool and acetate but weaker
    than most other fibers .
    Varies from 2.0 to 3.6 g/d for acrylic . Looses approx 15
    to 20 % strength when wet .
    Modacrylic loosed approximately 12% strength when
    wet .

    Elongation and resilience Elongation and recovery of


    the fibers is variable . At 2% elongation recovery is from
    97% to 99% .
    Have good resilience.
    Density SEF modacrylic is heaviest of the fibres
    .Acrylic fibers are similar in weight to nylon . They are
    lighter than polyester and rayon but heavier than olefins
    .
    Moisture 1- 2% . More absorbent than olefin and
    polyester but less absorbent than nylon .
    Generate static electricity.

    Thermal Properties decompose before they melt


    although a fiber held close to a flame will shrink away
    from it .
    Acrylic fiber burns with a yellow flame .
    They form hot gummy residue that drips away from the
    burning material .
    The materials are not self extinguished .
    Modacrylics are difficult to ignite and they self
    extinguish . The ash is hard black char.
    Chemical Properties Weak alkalies do not affect
    acrylics . Concentrated alkalies degrade alkalies but not
    modacrylics.
    Resistance to sunlight excellent .

    Primary uses Apparel and home furnishings . Fibers


    made from them are usually soft and light in weight.
    Blends of acrylic and modacrylic are used in high pile
    coat fabrics and carpeting . Socks , knit sweaters ,
    sportwear fabrics , loungewear and sweat shirts .

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